Microenterprise Owners Research Articles

Effects of intimate partner violence against women in international micro and small enterprises relationships: The mediator role of capabilities.

While previous studies have explored multiple constraints affecting women exporters, the effects of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) are still unexplored in the literature. Thus, this study aims to probe first whether women owners of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in export markets experience IPVAW. Secondly, it aims to explore the effect of IPVAW on their relationship quality with business partners, mediated by the performance of export capabilities. Using a structured questionnaire applied through personal interviews, we surveyed 57 female owners of exporting MSEs in Peru. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data and test the model. The preliminary findings indicate that women exporters who experience IPVAW are more likely to face problems performing export capabilities. In turn, these performance problems seem to affect the quality of their relationships with importers and suppliers. Moreover, there is a direct relationship between IPVAW and problems in performing export capabilities and between issues performing capabilities and the relationship quality. Our theoretical contribution is a conceptual model that proposes the variable “Problems Performing Capabilities” as a mediator to measure the effects of IPVAW on exporting MSEs owned by women. Our findings urge policymakers and trade organizations boosting women-owned export enterprises to include initiatives that address and prevent IPVAW in their export promotion programs.

Unlock Financial Knowledge in Managers Through Games

Financial literacy for managers and owners of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is defined as the combination of awareness, knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviours that a potential entrepreneur or business owner should have to make effective financial decisions to start a business, run a business, and ensure its sustainability and growth (OECD, 2020). To ensure this combination of financial knowledge and skills, different educational perspectives may emerge as the solution. The use of gamification and digital game-based learning (DGBL) are educational methodologies largely used in formal and informal environments, for different target audiences and different fields of knowledge, including finance. However, it is largely used by children and younger people in the same contexts described above. We find a gap that justifies further research on the formal use of DGBL in the adult population, namely for the development of financial literacy. For the use of gamification in this context to be effective is essential to identify which knowledge, skills and attitudes are required for MSMEs managers. The OECD (2020) questionnaire is an example of an instrument used to measure adult financial knowledge namely in managers, owners and future entrepreneurs of MSMEs. The financial literacy content for managers includes questions on basic concepts of asset management, inflation, investments, cash flows and risk analysis. However, at the top of our knowledge, we find little research to support how can we actively develop this awareness and knowledge through games. In this study, through exploratory analysis of government documents and literature, we sought to understand the three scales for measuring financial literacy, namely, financial knowledge, financial attitudes, and financial behaviour, which are the main contents that should be included in the pre-game’s assessment and on the learning objectives. The second concern is how to include these scales in the game to positively impact the behaviour, attitudes and knowledge of the managers of MSMEs. Thus, the contribution of the study is to create through the metrics used to measure financial literacy and the game mechanisms used a proposal for a model for designing digital games for financial literacy. Policymakers, private associations connected to MSMEs, and other players may take, for sure, lessons to be learned to prepare better managers to guarantee stable and sustainable enterprise support.

Facing Environmental Goals for Energy-Efficiency Improvements in Micro and Small Enterprises Operating in the Age of Industry 4.0

One of the biggest challenges of a modern enterprise is finding a balance between achieving environmental goals and being competitive in the era of Industry 4.0 requirements. The digital revolution is forcing companies to overcome various challenges that contribute to reducing energy consumption. Micro and small enterprises carry out activities in the field of energy efficiency by implementing measures to save energy and reduce total energy consumption. However, these activities are limited by many barriers to resources, which means that these activities are much smaller than those in large companies. The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of micro and small enterprises following environmental objectives in improving energy efficiency. The research study, based on a structured and standardized survey questionnaire, was conducted with the use of the CATI technique between April and May 2022 among the owners of micro and small enterprises operating in Poland. The study showed that: (a) the activities of Polish micro- and small-sized companies were aimed at improving energy efficiency through the implementation of environmental objectives; (b) the operation of enterprises in accordance with contemporary environmental requirements improved energy efficiency; and (c) Polish micro- and small-scale enterprises took actions in compliance with environmental requirements.

Exchanged actors behind the creation of sense of place value in indigenous tourism enterprise Karangrejo Borobudur Indonesia

Exchanged actors behind the creation of sense of place value in indigenous tourism enterprise Karangrejo Borobudur Indonesia

Study of the Differences in the Perception of the Use of the Principles of Corporate Social Responsibility in Micro, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the V4 Countries

The aim of the study was to examine the differences in the perception of the use of selected principles by CSR managers and owners of Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) in the V4 countries. The results of our research show that CSR strategies are most used by entrepreneurs and managers of MSMEs in Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. They are the least used in the Czech Republic. The sectoral comparison within the V4 countries highlighted interesting findings. When considering the moral and ethical implications of decision-making, no significant differences were found between the sectors. Differences were found in the perception of the CSR concept and its use in business. The CSR concept was mostly used in tourism and agriculture, to a lesser extent in construction, retail, manufacturing and services. Managers and entrepreneurs understand the link between CSR and gaining reputation and business opportunities and that CSR helps build a competitive advantage. The size of the company affects whether the company can be classified as CSR-oriented. Compared to medium-sized enterprises, micro-enterprises are 45% less likely and small enterprises are 33.5% less likely to be perceived as CSR-oriented. Compared to companies from Slovakia, companies in the Czech Republic are 41% less likely to be perceived as CSR-oriented. Hungarian companies are 70% more likely to be perceived as CSR-oriented compared to companies from Slovakia. Companies run by women are more inclined to apply CSR principles than men.

The nexus between electronic payment system and entrepreneurial activities in rural areas of Ogun State, Nigeria

Electronic payment systems have become the new channels for financial transactions driving business operations globally. However, the extent to which electronic payment systems influence entrepreneurial activities in rural areas is still a major concern for development analysts. Hence, the purpose of the paper is to examine the impact of electronic payment systems on entrepreneurial activities in rural areas of Ogun State, Nigeria. Survey research design method was employed in the study. Three hundred and eighty-five (385) respondents who are owners of micro and small enterprises were sampled. Purposive sampling technique was employed to administer the questionnaire to the respondents. The data were analysed using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression technique. The findings revealed that electronic payment system via automated teller machine (β = .148; t = 2.587; P = .010), point of sales systems (β = .173; t = 3.461; P =.000) and mobile banking (β = .170; t = 2.949; P = .003) significantly drive entrepreneurial activities in rural areas. The findings further establish that point of sales system is the most significant measure of electronic payment system driving entrepreneurial activities in rural areas. The study recommends that micro and small enterprises’ owners should leverage more on the point of sales system in driving their activities while also taking advantage of automated teller machines and mobile banking platforms.

Cash transfers as a response to COVID-19: Experimental evidence from Kenya

We deliver one month’s average profit to a randomly selected group of female microenterprise owners in Dandora, Kenya, arriving just in advance of an exponential growth in COVID-19 cases. Relative to a control group, firms recoup about one third of their initial decline in profit, and food expenditures increase. Control profit responds to economic conditions and government announcements during our study period, and treatment effects are largest when control profit is at its lowest. PPE spending and precautionary management practices increase to mitigate the health risks of more intensive firm operation, but only among those who perceive COVID-19 as a major risk.

Self-employment: a key to the unemployment challenge during the new normal in Abra, Philippines

People faced unemployment issues as an impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study examined entrepreneurial livelihoods as a potential source of income for aspiring entrepreneurs to start businesses to address the issue. This study employed a qualitative-narrative research design with a phenomenological approach, involving one focus group discussion with 12 participants and in-depth interviews with ten informants from Bangued, Abra, Philippines, micro-enterprise owners. The results of the study reveal that the lived experiences of the experienced entrepreneurs in overcoming poverty and establishing micro-business ventures exemplified how entrepreneurial ventures assist and contribute to Abra, Philippines' unemployment solution. Participants are overcoming these challenges by operating micro-businesses such as food selling, consulting, personal services, pet care, retail, home-based online business, rental business, events business, agri-business, summer events, recycling, printing, health and beauty, tourism, rent-a-car, home repair and improvement, and real estate. Among the study's implications are a well-established and viable livelihood intervention program by the local government aimed at alleviating unemployment; and the government's provision of seed capital to beginning entrepreneurs in collaboration with its lending institutions. Comparative studies on the lived experiences of workers in the manufacturing, service, and retail sectors may be highlighted and used as valuable data sources to validate the findings of this study.

Essential competencies of entrepreneurs during the new normal in the province of abra, Philippines

The COVID-19 pandemic had a wide range of implications, including business closures and bankruptcies, to name a few. Entrepreneurs rely on a number of important entrepreneurial capabilities to survive a pandemic, and the study intended to solve this issue by investigating these competencies. An exploratory qualitative-narrative research design was employed in this study, along with a phenomenological approach, and included one focus group discussion with 12 participants and in-depth interviews with ten micro-enterprise owners in Bangued, Abra, the Philippines. According to the study's findings, experienced entrepreneurs' lived experiences highlighted how their entrepreneurial capabilities impacted their lives. In order to ensure the survival of their businesses, they believed in the effectiveness of goal setting, systematic planning and monitoring, independence and self-confidence, opportunity seeking, risk-taking, information seeking, the demand for efficiency and quality, adherence to work contracts, persuasion and networking, and perseverance. One of the study's implications is its impact on business sustainability, defense mechanisms, entrepreneurial competencies, creativity, back to the basics, and business practices, all of which resulted in the discharge of competencies deemed necessary weapons for pandemic survival of the entrepreneurss. In order to further confirm entrepreneurs' methods and lived experiences in Abra province, other researchers may investigate entrepreneurial initiatives in the manufacturing, service, and retail sectors, among others.

Covid-19 and insecurity: a moderating effect of growth of micro enterprises in south east of Nigeria

The study examines the relationship between COVID-19 and insecurity as a moderating effect of growth of Micro enterprises in South East of Nigeria. As the methodology, close ended questionnaire was administered to the respondents who were the owners of micro enterprises in South East of Nigeria. The variables used were number of infections, number of tests carry out, number of reported cases and number of deaths which were used as measures of COVID-19 and insecurity were measured with bombing, suicide bomb attacks, sporadic shooting of unarmed and innocent citizens, burning of police stations, churches, kidnapping of school girls and women, while growth were measured using expansion, survival, number of employees, and capital employed. The population of the study is the entire Micro enterprises in South East of Nigeria and the sample size of 389 was derived using Taro Yamane formula. The variables were tested for reliability and result showed that all the variables were reliable. The study used Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) to test the hypotheses and to determine if there is an effect of independent variables on dependent variable.As a result it is found that COVID-19 is significant in enhancing insecurity among Micro enterprises in South East of Nigeria and COVID-19 is significant in enhancing growth of Micro enterprises in South East of Nigeria while insecurity is insignificant in achieving growth of Micro enterprises in South East of Nigeria. Therefore, Government of Nigeria should re-emphasis on insecurity and COVID-19 and provide adequate solution or ways of minimizing these problems to grow the Micro enterprises in South East of Nigeria.

Gotta Have Money to Make Money? Bargaining Behavior and Financial Need of Microentrepreneurs

Bargaining over real prices with microenterprise owners in Ghana, we show that sellers with less per capita household liquidity agree to lower sale prices. This relationship is robust across firms and within firms over time, even after controlling for a plethora of time-varying observables. A computerized bargaining experiment, with randomized initial payout sizes, corroborates the real-bargaining findings. This pattern can be explained by an application of classical bargaining theory that includes endowments and utility functions with decreasing absolute risk aversion. The potential poverty-multiplying implications of pricing behavior is a key frontier in understanding barriers to the profitability of microenterprises. (JEL D22, G51, L25, L26, O12, O14)

ANALISIS PENGARUH MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOK BAHAN BAKU TERHADAP KINERJA UMKM KERIPIK SINGKONG DI KOTA CILEGON

This study aims to analyze the relationship of information sharing, trust, long-term relationships, and collaboration on the performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) cassava chips in the City of Cilegon. The number of samples in this study was 40 respondents, namely the owners of cassava chips Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) and directly related to cassava raw material suppliers. Data analysis techniques use multiple linear regression analysis.The analysis tools are using SPSS program version 21. Based on the results of the analysis that has been done, the results show that sharing information has a positive but not significant effect on the company's performance. The trust has a positive and significant effect on the company's performance. Long-term relationships have a positive but not significant effect on the company's performance. Collaboration has a positive and significant effect on the company's performance.

Performance of micro and small enterprises in Malawi: do village savings and loans associations matter?

ABSTRACT Village savings and loans has become a prominent financing option for micro and small enterprises in the Lilongwe District, Malawi. Despite this, its impact on the performances of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) are yet to be ascertained. Hence, this study aimed at assessing the effect of VSLAs on the performance of MSEs in Lilongwe, Malawi. The study used a comparative study by comparing VSLA member enterprises with non-VSLA member firms using with and without approach. Test of mean difference and multiple regression analysis was performed on the data obtained. The findings of the study indicated MSEs with access to VSLA services performed better than non-VSLA enterprises. It is, therefore, recommended that owners of micro enterprises join VSLAs to boost their performance through readily available loans and savings and capacity building through training and education.

Obstacles faced by owners of township micro, small and medium enterprises to acquire funds for survival and growth (2010-2020)

It is the belief of many governments that the development of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) will stimulate economic growth, create jobs and assist in the obliteration of poverty. However, the achievement of these envisaged benefits is dependent on healthy and growing MSMEs as well as the provision of funds to facilitate and stimulate growth. Despite various interventions by the SA government, many MSMEs have failed due to a lack of support from the financial institutions tasked with providing capital and funding to these enterprises. This article focuses on the obstacles that restrain business growth and identifies the challenges that owners of township MSMEs face and need to overcome to acquire funds from financial institutions and government support programmes. Exploratory research, conducted among 498 MSMEs located in South African townships, revealed that the obstacles, which are restraining growth relate to the economic climate, business environment, personnel and finances. The challenges to access funds can be grouped into three possible constructs: institutional requirements, administrative aspects and perceptions of financial institutions. Despite the many obstacles in the path to acquiring funds for their survival and growth, MSMEs have continued to operate on a small scale. However, the reality is that, without much needed funds and financial support, it will be difficult for MSMEs to grow and reach their full potential, which will hinder their ability to bear the envisaged fruits of economic growth and the obliteration of poverty.

ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS INCREASE MSMEs PERFORMANCE

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are businesses that must be controlled by a community group or family. Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) SMEs have a strategic role in national economic development because apart from contributing to national economic growth they can also provide a large workforce. The inability to present the accounting and information used is one of the weaknesses of the management side. This study focuses on the effect of accounting information systems on performance in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM). Company performance is the condition of the company which is analyzed using financial analysis tools so that good and bad conditions can be produced that reflect the company's financial performance in a certain period. The population in this study are the owners of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises spread across the city of Pekanbaru with a total of 1,201 units. The sample of this research is 100 respondents who own Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Sampling uses the convenience sampling technique, a convenience sample is formed when we select elements from a population on the basis of what elements are easily obtained by owners of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The analytical tool used in this study is multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that the accounting information system variables affect the performance variables of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the Pekanbaru city area.

The use of mobile phones by women microenterprises in Malawi: a sustainable livelihoods perspective

Purpose This study aims to assess the impact of mobile phones on the livelihoods of women microenterprises in two selected districts of Malawi. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted an interpretive qualitative approach. The authors conducted six focus group discussions with 33 women microenterprise owners in two selected districts of Malawi. This study was guided by the sustainable livelihood approach as an analytical framework. Findings The findings confirmed that to some extent use of mobile phones by women microenterprises helped them realise their livelihood outcomes. These included improved access to information, improved communication, improved marketing, reduced transport costs and improved efficiency and productivity. However, optimum benefits were highly curtailed by a number of factors such as poor information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure, security issues, high cost of talk time and data bundle, lack of ICT literacy, low education and sociocultural factors. Originality/value The findings provide evidence on the role of mobile phone technology play in promoting the value for women participating in business activities in disadvantaged communities. Policymakers and other stakeholders can use the findings as a basis for prioritising the improvement of mobile technology infrastructure in rural communities tailor-made to women microenterprises.

Literasi Keuangan, Toleransi Risiko, dan Pengelolaan Keuangan Pelaku Usaha Mikro

Micro-enterprises have a significant role in the country’s economy. However, business owners must face various problems to develop their business. One of the problems is the limited funding for micro-enterprises due to the low financial literacy of business owners. In addition, the business owner’s tolerance for risk is also expected to affect the financial management of micro-enterprises. This study aims to determine the level of financial literacy andtolerance of business owners and the financial management of micro-enterprises. This research method uses a questionnaire distributed to micro-enterprise owners in Central Java Province and Yogyakarta Special Region. The results showed that the level of financial literacy of micro-enterprise owners was in the medium category. Micro-enterprise owners have a neutral attitude towards risk and are not individuals who dare to take risks but do not avoid risk. Financial management carried out by business owners is still in the poor category. Improvement of financial literacy, understanding of risks, and financial management of micro-enterprises still need to be done.

Work–family conflict and microfinance diversion

AbstractResearch SummaryMicrofinance funds are often diverted to non‐business usage, which defeats the purpose of microfinancing. Our study adopts boundary theory along with role commitment to investigate how microfinance recipients' integration of work–family roles affects microfinance diversion. We also examine the impact of family involvement and socially imposed gender role differences in microfinance diversion. We analyze data from an 11‐wave survey in which grants were provided to microenterprise owners in Sri Lanka. Our findings indicate that work–family role integration and lower owner role commitment engender more microfinance diversion. In addition, family involvement weakens the effect of role commitment on microfinance diversion while gender influences microfinance diversion, depending on the nature of the duties within the family role.Managerial SummaryWhy would microfinance recipients divert funds from investing in their own business when such a diversion would make it more difficult for them to escape poverty? Using data from surveys in Sri Lanka, we find that in order to prevent microfinance diversion, it is important for microenterprise owners to draw a clear boundary between their work and family roles, while also being committed to their role as a microenterprise owners. In addition, owners should be cautious about involving family members in their businesses. We also find that patriarchal values for gender roles in the society may impact microfinance diversion. Specifically, compared to men, women entrepreneurs who feel more of a burden from household chores and childcare roles tend to divert more funds.

Custom-made apparel manufacturing micro-enterprise owners’ perspectives on sustainability: how higher education can contribute

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate custom-made apparel manufacturing micro-enterprise (CMME) owners’ perspectives of sustainability within their business practices throughout the entire product development process and determine how educational initiatives can promote a more environmentally conscious product development process. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative case study, using face-to-face interviews and observations of CMMEs at an incubation hub presents evidence of owners’ sustainability perspectives. Findings Although CMME owners disregard sustainability as a pro-environmental approach within the business context, attempts at pro-environmental subconscious behaviour and a deliberate non-environmental consciousness are evident in sourcing and manufacturing during the product development process. Research limitations/implications Because of the case study approach of four CMMEs in an IH, the findings may not be applicable to other small and micro-businesses. Despite this limitation, valuable insights emerged that show the current inaptness of the CMMEs to manage an environmentally sustainable business practice. Social implications To promote sustainable development goal 12, related to the clothing and textile industry, it is postulated that CMMEs should be supported to minimise their use of resources, thereby promoting environmental sustainability. Originality/value The findings of this study direct the development of higher education educational programmes featuring learning content on pro-environmental design and business practices for CMMEs.

Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah Sebagai Sarana Untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Ekonomi Lokal

This study aims to raise micro and small businesses to improve the regional economy. This study understands to understand the owners of micro, small and medium enterprises, their input to the local economy in terms of employment, profits, and their ability to bring rupiah out into the local economy. As such, they qualify as significant providers of a society's economic growth. A key element in the development of a healthy society lies in the strength and diversity of its local economy. The data analysis technique used in this research is a research approach based on the nature of the research problem, the experience of the researcher and the research audience. The key to success in developing these relationships is that institutions such as the Center for Small Micro and Medium Enterprises Development and vocational and technology programs are carried out through mentoring programs and support the efforts made. In the end, the local economy is able to provide consistent economic growth. The output of the research is a journal to patch up the value of Jafung's kum.