Overweight Categories Research Articles

Profile of Body Mass Index and Physical Fitness of Santri of Al Yumna Qur'an Tahfizh Boarding School

Purpose of study. This study aims to determine the description of body mass index and physical fitness of students of the Al Yumna Banyuresmi Garut Tahfizh Islamic Boarding School, Garut. Materials and methods. The method used was a quantitative descriptive survey, with the technique of the 2019 Department of Education of the Republic of the Philippines physical fitness instrument test. The variables in this study were BMI and Physical Fitness. The sampling technique used a random sampling technique of 57 people consisting of 27 men and 30 women, data collection techniques through the Philippine physical fitness test, BMI with anthropometric measurements, strength with push ups and basic plank, flexibility with zipper test and sit and reach , coordination with juggling test, agility using hexagon agility test, speed with 40 meter sprint test, strength with standing long jump, balance with stork balance test and reaction time speed with stick drop test. Results. The data processing method uses descriptive statistics using Microsoft Excel. For male students, there were 2 people (7.14%) in the underweight category, 5 people (18.52%) in the underweight category, 18 people (66.60%) in the normal category, 1 person (3.70%) in the overweight category, 1 person (3.70%) in the overweight category. As for females, there are 4 people (13.33%) with severe underweight, 2 people (6.66%) with mild underweight, 20 people (66.60%) with normal weight, 1 person (3.33%) with mild overweight and 3 people (10 %) with severe overweight. For men, the physical fitness category is very good as many as 17 people (62.96%), the good category is 10 people (37.03%) and for the category of very good, sufficient and less there are none (0%). Whereas for women the good category was 19 people (63.30%), the sufficient category was 11 people (36.50%). Conclusion. With the largest norm value of 5 for men having an average fitness value of 3.98 and 2.7 for women, the average for men and women is 3.34, this shows that the overall physical fitness of Tahfizh Qur'an Al Yumna Islamic Boarding School students is in the good category.

Longitudinal Study on the Effect of Onboard Service on Seafarers’ Health Statuses

Seafaring is considered one of the most stressful professions. Stressors in seafaring lead to typical symptoms of stress, such as insomnia, loss of concentration, anxiety, lower tolerance of frustration, changes in eating habits, psychosomatic symptoms and diseases, and overall reduced productivity, with the possibility of burnout and chronic responsibility syndrome. It has been previously determined that seafarers belong to high-risk occupations in terms of developing metabolic syndrome, and according to their BMIs, almost 50% of all seafarers belong to the overweight and obesity categories. This is the first longitudinal study conducted with the aim of using the BIA method to determine the anthropometrical changes that occur during several weeks of continuous onboard service. This study included an observed group consisting of 63 professional seafarers with 8 to 12 weeks of continuous onboard service and a control group of 36 respondents from unrelated occupations. It was determined that Croatian seafarers fit into the current world trends regarding overweight and obesity among the seafaring population, with the following percentages in the BMI categories: underweight, 0%; normal weight, 42.86%; overweight, 39.68%; and obesity, 17.46%. It was established that the anthropometric statuses of the seafarers significantly changed during several weeks of continuous onboard service. Seafarers who served on board for 11 weeks lost 0.41 kg of muscle mass, whereas their total fat mass increased by 1.93 kg. Changes in anthropometric parameters could indicate deterioration of seafarers' health statuses.

Correlation between hand grip strength and anthropometric measurement among undergraduate medical students

Background: Hand grip strength is a simple procedure of assessing the function of hand and forearm. It can be used as a tool to evaluate nutritional status of individual, neurological disorder and to assess the post-operative status of the patient. The grip strength is affected by different variables such as geographical variation, gender, height, weight, body mass index and handedness of the individual. Objective: This study aims to correlate hand grip strength with gender, height, weight, body mass index and handedness among Nepali population. Methods: The study was analytical cross-sectional study conducted in students of Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences. Convenience sampling was used. The height of the participants was taken by using Stadiometer in centimeter and weight was taken by using weighing machine in kilogram and body mass index was calculated. Hand grip strength was obtained by using Dynamometer measured in kilogram. The data were entered in Microsoft Excel Sheet and analysis was done in SPSS version 16.0. Results: Hand grip strength showed moderate positive correlation with both height and weight both in both dominant and non-dominant hands. Hand grip strength was positively correlated in underweight, normal weight and obese category of body mass index whereas overweight category was negatively correlated. Conclusion: Hand grip strength shows correlation with the gender, height, weight and body mass index.

Abstract P333: Asian-Specific BMI Cutoffs as a Predictor for Mortality Risk

Introduction: Prior studies have found a U-shaped association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality. The WHO has recommended Asian-specific BMI guidelines to better screen for BMI-related diseases among Asians. Little is known about patterns between BMI and mortality rates in Asian subgroups. We used Asian-specific BMI cutpoints to determine whether BMI was associated with mortality among disaggregated Asian subgroups. Methods: A sample of Asians (n=26,831) was obtained from the 1999-2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) linked to the National Death Index. BMI was calculated with self-reported height and weight. Individuals were grouped into 4 BMI classes by Asian-specific BMI cutpoints: underweight (BMI <18.5), normal (BMI >18.5-22.9), overweight (BMI > 23-24.9), and obese (BMI ≥ 25) categories. Using Poisson models, we calculated the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) per 1,000 person years (PY) for All Asian adults and specific sub-groups (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Other Asian) with normal weight as a reference. Results: Our sample was comprised of 20.6% Chinese (n=5517), 22.8% Filipino (n=6111), 19.5% Asian Indian (n=5232), and 37.2% Other Asian (n=9971). Compared to normal BMI, underweight individuals had significantly higher ASMR among all Asians and more specifically among Chinese, Filipinos, and Asian Indians, but not among Other Asians. Compared to normal BMI, risk of mortality was not significantly different among overweight or obese individuals across any Asian subgroup. Conclusion: We found that low BMI was consistently associated with increased mortality among all Asian subgroups. In contrast to what has been described in Non-Hispanic White adults, we found that overweight or obesity was not associated with increased mortality among Asian American subgroups utilizing Asian-specific cutpoints.

Patterns and Determinants of Weight Gain among People Who Use Drugs Undergoing Treatment for Recovery in Lebanon

Substance use disorder compromises the nutritional status and the eating habits of drug users, often leading to malnutrition. Once referred for treatment, hyperphagia and poor lifestyle practices leading to weight gain are observed. This study aimed to examine the patterns and extent of weight change as well as the determinants of weight gain in a sample of drug users who were receiving treatment in Lebanon. A total of 172 male participants undergoing either rehabilitation or opioid substitution treatment (OST) were included. Multivariate regression analysis was applied to assess the effect of different variables on weight gain while adjusting for potentially confounding variables. Approximately two-thirds (65.1%) of the participants gained weight (OST: 54.3%, rehabilitation: 78.2%; p < 0.05). The mean weight gain was 5.9 kg and was mainly reported among participants in the underweight, normal, and overweight pre-treatment categories and accentuated in the rehabilitation group (OST: 2 kg, Rehabilitation: 10.6 kg). Around half of the participants moved from the normal weight category to the overweight and obese categories during treatment. Weight gain was negatively associated with the number of previous treatment attempts (Odds Ratio = 0.86; Confidence Interval: 0.74-0.99), duration of current treatment (Odds Ratio = 0.98; Confidence Interval: 0.96-0.99), and pre-treatment body mass index (BMI) (Odds Ratio = 0.88; Confidence Interval: 0.80-0.96). Investigating other nutrition and lifestyle practices, neither nutrition knowledge, food addiction, physical activity level, nor sleep quality were associated with weight gain. Treatment through drug use was associated with meaningful weight gain that might lead to health risk factors. Developing health promotion programs is crucial to enhance treatment and decrease the risk of relapse.

EFFECT OF BODY MASS INDEX ON PULMONARY FUNCTION OF ELDERLY PEOPLE OF NORTH INDIA

Background: Obesity significantly affects lung function which has been reported among children, adolescents and adult age groups. However, there is limited research on effect of obesity on pulmonary function among elderly age group.Methods:In this study 600 elderly people aged 65 years and above were selected from rural areas of Haryana in whom lung function parameters including force expiratory volume in first second (FEV1),force vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was estimated and categorised into underweight, normal, overweight and obese categories as per BMI classification of Asian Indians. Mean and standard deviations were calculated and association between lung function parameters and body mass index was determined by one way ANOVA test. Results: Mean age of subjects was 68 ± 5.2 years. Among all the three parameters, highest mean values were observed among subjects with normal body mass index, whereas lowest mean FVC and FEV1/FVC values were observed in underweight category and lowest mean FEV1 values in obese individuals. A statistically significant difference in the mean FEV1 and FEV1/FVC values were observed between various body mass index categories. Conclusion: Body mass index has significant impact on lung function of elderly people depicted by reduction in FEV1 and FEV1/FVC values in obese individuals

Prediction of hypertension risk as an occupational health disease in palm oil factory workers at Gandapura District, Bireuen Regency, Aceh, Indonesia

Introduction: Hypertension is a condition where the pressure in the blood vessels increases continuously. Stress, a risk factor for hypertension, can be caused by a person's workload exceeding the normal time limit. A job that exceeds the normal time limit can trigger work fatigue so that can affect aspects of mental, physical and work time. There is a relationship between mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio measurements with blood pressure in working men and women. Workers in palm oil mills are at risk of developing hypertension because of their daily work activities. The prevalence of hypertension in palm oil factory workers is 18.4%, caused by the risk factors of smoking, obesity and waist circumference ratio. The research will be carried out at the palm oil factory, Bireuen Regency. Sampling was carried out by means of simple random sampling on selected subjects using a cross-sectional design. The end result of this study is a formula for predicting the risk of hypertension in palm oil factory workers. The study aims to make predictions of risk factors for hypertension as an occupational health disease in palm oil factory workers. Patients and methods: Workers in palm oil mills are at risk of developing hypertension because of their daily work activities. The research will be carried out at the palm oil factory in Bireuen Regency, Aceh, Indonesia. Sampling was carried out by means of simple random sampling on selected subjects using a cross-sectional design. Results: There is a relationship between BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio measurements with blood pressure in working men and women. Workers in palm oil mills are at risk of developing hypertension because of their daily work activities. Conclusion: Most of the oil palm workers were male, had a university education, were married, the amount of income was according to the minimum wage and below the minimum wage, they did not smoke, were physically active, and all workers were not stressed. . Based on the risk of hypertension, the average age of the respondents was 34.4 years, blood pressure was above normal, Body Mass Index was in the overweight category and waist circumference was above normal limits.

Breastfeeding practices and associations with pregnancy, maternal and infant characteristics in Australia: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundExclusive breastfeeding to six months of age is a major global public health priority. Several characteristics are known to be associated with early cessation of breastfeeding, however, limited evidence exists regarding whether women’s reported reasons for cessation are associated with maternal, pregnancy and infant characteristics. The aims of this study were to: i) describe women’s reported intention to breastfeed and their subsequent breastfeeding practices; ii) describe women’s reported reasons for breastfeeding cessation prior to the infant being five months of age; and iii) examine associations between these factors and maternal, pregnancy and infant characteristics.MethodsTelephone and online surveys were conducted between October 2019 and April 2020 with 536 women who had given birth in the previous eight to 21 weeks at four public maternity services in Australia.ResultsThe majority of women intended to (94%), and did, initiate (95%) breastfeeding. At the time the survey was conducted, 57% of women were exclusively breastfeeding. Women who: had less than University level education, had a pre-pregnancy BMI in the overweight or obese category, and who smoked tobacco at the time of the survey had lower odds of exclusively breastfeeding. The most common self-reported reasons for breastfeeding cessation were breastfeeding challenges (47%) and low milk supply (40%). Women aged 26–35 years and 36 + years had greater odds of reporting breastfeeding cessation due to low milk supply (OR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.11, 7.66; OR = 5.57, 95% CI: 1.70, 18.29) compared to women aged 18–25 years. While women who had completed a TAFE certificate or diploma had lower odds of reporting this as a reason for breastfeeding cessation (OR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.73) compared to women who had University level education. There were no other significant associations found between characteristics and reasons for ceasing breastfeeding.ConclusionsThe most common reasons for breastfeeding cessation may be modifiable through the provision of breastfeeding support in the early postpartum period, with such support being tailored to women’s age and level of education. Such support should aim to increase women's self-efficacy in breastfeeding, and be provided from the antenatal period and throughout the first six months postpartum.

Role of Cinnamon Supplementation on Glycemic Markers, Lipid Profile and Weight Status in Patients with Type II Diabetes

Type II diabetes has been on the rise for the past few decades and the current management plan of diabetes is challenging to individuals in keeping their blood glucose levels within normal limits. There is a constant search of new ways to tackle these challenges. Cinnamon is suggested to have antihyperglycemic and lipid lowering effect and has been proposed to be utilized in type II diabetes. The aim behind this review is to explore the role of cinnamon in improving the glycemic status, lipid profile, and weight status of patients with type II diabetes. PubMed and ScienceDirect databases have been searched for eligible studies conducted until February 2022, the outcomes measured were glycemic markers as primary outcome and lipid profile and weight status as secondary outcomes. A total of ten trials involving 861 patients were included in the study. Five studies have demonstrated reductions in glycemic markers (ranging between −0.56 and −1.9 mmol/L for fasting blood sugar and between −0.21% and −0.93% for glycated hemoglobin) whereas the remaining four did not show any significant reduction. The most improvements in glycemic markers are seen in patients with poorly controlled diabetes and patients with higher body mass index (BMI) values. The majority of the studies did not record improvement in lipid profile. Changes in weight status are only observed in overweight patient category (BMI between 25 and 30). Overall, there is no coherent evidence to decide about antihyperglycemic, lipid lowering, and weight reducing effects of cinnamon in type II diabetes.

School children growth monitoring program in the state of Qatar: Observations from two survey rounds in 2016–17 and 2019–20

AbstractIntroductionGrowth monitoring surveys provide critical anthropometric data to monitor physical growth and various forms of malnutrition among school age children. In the beginning, growth monitoring programs were introduced to identify the extent of undernutrition among children, which were later considered equally useful in the identification of overweight and obesity among school age children. Observing the shifts in weight categories among school age children provides an important insight to design targeted interventions for improving growth and development of children.MethodologyThe study used growth monitoring survey data among 5–19‐year school children of two academic years (2016–17 and 2019–20) in Qatar where 2016–17 survey included 186,986 students, whereas 2019–20 survey included 215,279 students. A total of 7514 unique records of students aged 5–14 years available in both survey rounds were included in the final analysis. This study documented shift in BMI‐z‐scores to ascertain the movement of students among obese, overweight, normal, thinness, and severe thinness categories. Python version 3.9.5 was used for data analysis along with a pairwise comparison between each of BMI‐z‐score shift to evaluate the effects of specific shifts in BMI‐z‐score category.ResultsOverall, the proportion of overweight and obese category of students increased from 44% in 2016–17 to 49.3% in 2019–20 with a decrease in the proportion of students in normal BMI‐z‐score category (from 48.8% to 47.8%) and severe thinness and thinness category (from 7.3% to 3%) between two rounds of growth monitoring survey. Statistically significant shifts in BMI‐z‐score categories were noted for students of different age groups, gender, and nationality.ConclusionsShift from normal BMI‐z‐score to obese and overweight category is a cause of concern and an opportunity to develop appropriate interventions. The significant shift among different categories needs to be investigated further to identify associated reasons to effectively develop interventions.

Percent body fat, but not body mass index, is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents.

The epidemic of overweight and obesity has become a worldwide public health problem. Cardiometabolic diseases may originate in childhood. We investigated the association between percent body fat (PBF) measured by the bioelectrical impedance assay and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in pediatrics. This cross-sectional study involved 3819 subjects (6-17 years old) in Shanghai. We assessed the association between PBF and body mass index (BMI) with multiple CMR factors. We examined the risk for cardiometabolic abnormalities attributable to overweight and obesity based on age- and sex-specific PBF Z-scores and BMI Z-scores, respectively. PBF, but not BMI, was positively associated with multiple CMR factors in males and females except for total cholesterol in females (all p < 0.05). Compared with the non-overweight group based on PBF, overweight and obesesubjects had increasingly higher odds ratio of dyslipidemia (2.90 (1.99-4.23), 4.59 (2.88-7.32) for males and 1.82 (1.20-2.75), 2.46 (1.47-4.11) for females) and elevated blood pressure (BP) (3.26 (2.35-4.51), 4.55 (2.92-7.09) for males and1.59 (1.07-2.34), 3.98 (2.27-6.17) for females). Obesity females showed a higher likelihood for hyperglycemia (2.19 (1.24-3.84)) than non-overweight females. In both sexes, the predictive effect of PBF on dyslipidemia and elevated BP in adolescents was better than that in children. For hyperglycemia, the predictive effect of PBF was better in male adolescents and female children. There was no risk difference for cardiometabolic abnormalities attributable to BMI-based obesity categories. PBF but not BMIwas associated with CMR. Overweight and obesity categories based on PBF had an increased risk for cardiometabolic abnormalities in children and adolescents.

Impact of tumor necrosis factor antagonist combination and anti-integrin therapies on body mass index in inflammatory bowel disease: A cross-sectional study.

The impact of biologic therapies on body mass index (BMI) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is unclear. This study investigates any associations between BMI, type of IBD, and the type of medications taken among patients with IBD with varying weight categories. A cross sectional study was performed in an IBD tertiary care center. Data was obtained from patients with IBD attending outpatient clinics from January 1st, 2021 until November 1st, 2021. Adult patients, older than 18 years, with a diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) were recruited. The primary outcome was the association between BMI and medication used in IBD. The secondary outcome was the association between BMI and disease type and location in patients with IBD. The study included a total of 528 patients of which, 66.5% have CD. Patients with normal weight comprises 55.9% of the participants, while those who are underweight, overweight or obese are 3.4, 28.2, and 12.5%, respectively. None of the underweight patients had UC. Among the normal weight, overweight and obese BMI categories, 34.6% vs. 36.2% vs. 31.8% had UC, respectively. Patients who are on tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (anti-TNF) with an immunomodulator (anti-TNF combination), are more likely to be overweight or obese than patients who are not on anti-TNF combination (OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.739-4.711, p < 0.001). Patients on vedolizumab are twice as likely to be overweight or obese than patients not on vedolizumab (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.086-4.584, p < 0.05). Patients with ileocolonic CD are more likely to be overweight or obese compared to other subtypes of CD (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.14-2.77, p = 0.01). Many patients with IBD are either obese or overweight. Patients with IBD who are on anti-TNF combination therapy or vedolizumab monotherapy are more likely to be obese and overweight. In addition, patients will ileocolonic CD are more likely to be obese or overweight.

Relationship between BMI and risk of impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose in Chinese adults: a prospective study

BackgroundCurrent studies in most Western countries have largely focused on body mass index (BMI) as an important risk factor for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG), which have different pathophysiological bases. In people with obesity, the prevalence of IGT is higher and the prevalence of IFG is lower. The prevalence of IGT in the Asian population is higher than that in the white population, and the obesity rate in China is still increasing. However, few cohort studies explore the relationship between BMI and the incidence of IGT and IFG in China. We aimed to explore the relationship between BMI and the risk of IGT and IFG in Chinese adults and analyze the differences between them.MethodsThe baseline data were obtained from the 2010 China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance, of which 20 surveillance sites were followed up from 2016 to 2017. Finally, in this study, a total of 5,578 studies were grouped into BMI categories of underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5–23.9 kg/m2), overweight (24.0–27.9 kg/m2), and obesity (≥ 28.0 kg/m2). We used the unconditional logistic regression model to analyze the relationship between BMI and the risk of IGT and IFG.ResultsDuring an average follow-up of 6.4 years, 562 developed IGT and 257 developed IFG. After age, gender, urban and rural areas, physical activity, family history of diabetes, hypertension, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and other factors were adjusted, overweight increased the risk of IGT by 35% [odds ratio (OR) 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.70], and obesity increased the risk of IGT by 77% (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.27–1.47). After the factors consistent with the above were adjusted, only obesity increased the risk of IFG by 122% (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.39–3.54).ConclusionsIn China, obesity is an important risk factor for IGT and IFG, and the risk of IGT increases during the overweight stage.

Association of Body Mass Index with the Severity of SARS-COVID-19 Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients

Objective: To determine the association of body mass index with the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia in hospitalized patients.&#x0D; Study Design: Cross-sectional study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, form May to Jun 2021.&#x0D; Methodology: Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia on PCR and chest imaging and admitted to our hospital were included in the study. Body mass index was calculated on the first day of hospital admission, and they were followed up for two weeks during the disease. Increased oxygen demand, duration of admission, CT severity score and use of non-invasive ventilation were compared in patients with normal and increased body mass index.&#x0D; Results: A total of 800 COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital were included in the final analysis. The mean age of the study participants was 41.36±4.55 years. Out of 800 patients, 337(42.1%) had normal BMI, 420(52.5%) were classed in the category of overweight and 43(5.4%) were obese. Furthermore, it was seen that increased demand for oxygen, high CT severity score and longer duration of hospital admission had a statistically significant relationship (p-value&lt;0.05) with high body mass index.&#x0D; Conclusion: More than half of the patients admitted after diagnosis of COVID-19 had higher than normal body mass index. A significant association was found between increased demand for oxygen, high CT severity score, longer hospital admission duration, and high body mass index.Keywords: Body mass index, COVID-19, Outcome.

Impact of Body Mass Index and advanced maternal age on in vitro fertilization outcomes.

To evaluate the impact of body mass index associated with advanced maternal age on pregnancy outcomes. A retrospective and observational study that included 808 in vitro fertilization cycles and evaluated: age, weight, height, number of oocytes and mature oocytes, number of embryos and transferred embryos, fertilization and clinical pregnancy rates. Four categories of body mass index: underweight, adequate weight, overweight and obesity. We classified age into 4 categories: 35-37; 38-40; 41-42 and over 42 years of age. The means and rates were calculated and compared between different ages and body mass index groups. For the fresh group, women who achieved clinical pregnancy had a lower mean age than those who did not become pregnant, being the higher the pregnancy rate the lower the age (p<0.0001). After logistic regression analysis for data associated with clinical pregnancy in the fresh group, the number of transferred embryos remained higher in the overweight category (p=0.0001). Overweight and obese women had a significantly higher rate of mature oocytes when compared with adequate weight (p=0.015). Analysis using the ROC curve indicated an area under the curve of 60% (p=0.002) for the fresh group. The adverse effect of high BMI on clinical pregnancy rates is greater in women under 35 years compared to older women; and age had a higher impact on live birth rate rather than BMI, when the analysis was performed on older women, with the impact of BMI on the probability of having a live birth depending on maternal age.

The effect of weight loss and dietary habits on glycemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder associated with substantial mortality and morbidity rates. This study, conducted across various regions of Saudi Arabia (SA), aimed to assess the impact of weight loss and dietary practices on glycemic control among adult individuals with T2DM. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 600 adult residents diagnosed with T2DM was carried out through an online questionnaire. Exclusions were made for individuals with type 1 diabetes, those in pregnancy, and those under 18 years old. Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, with a significance level set at p &amp;le; 0.05. Results: The study cohort comprised 50.2% males, with 32.2% aged 51 years and older, and 42.0% falling into the overweight category. Our findings revealed statistically significant relationships between adhering to a dietary plan and its impact on blood glucose levels (p = 0.001), as well as between dietary habits and blood glucose control (p = 0.047). Furthermore, significant associations were observed between dietary knowledge and skills and blood glucose control (p = 0.001), body mass index (BMI) and blood glucose control (p = 0.001), and weight changes attributed to the current diet and blood glucose control (p = 0.004). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of dietary adherence, knowledge, and skills in managing T2DM. Notably, our findings emphasize the significant relationships between following a dietary plan, addressing eating problems, acquiring dietary knowledge and skills, managing BMI, and adapting to weight changes within the context of the current diet, all of which play a pivotal role in achieving optimal glycemic control among adults with T2DM in SA.

An epidemiological study on junk food consumption and nutritional status among adolescents attending Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the pattern of junk food consumption. Junk food is defined as readily available, frequently affordable, and lacking in nutritional value. Aims and Objectives: This study is aimed to investigate the pattern of junk food eating and its consequences on the nutritional status of the adolescents. Materials and Methods: This is an institution-based cross-sectional study which was conducted at adolescent clinic from September to November 2022. Data were collected from 178 adolescent a pre-designed, pre-tested semistructured face and content validated data collection form was used for face-to-face interview. Data were coded and entered in MS Excel software and analyzed by Statistical Packages for Social Science. As all participants were adolescent, body mass index (BMI) was calculated the World Health Organization (WHO) Z score for 5–19 years age chart (both male and female). BMI was calculated and put WHO BMI for age chart and Z score was calculated. Descriptive statistics were used and Chi-square test was used for association and P &lt; 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: 82.02% had consumed junk food in last 7 days and 10.96% had taken junk food &gt;3 times in last week. Almost 49.32% of study participants consumed junk food with their family (47.95%) and at home (39.3%). 22.47% adolescents were in overweight category. Female participants, adolescents from nuclear family, and consumption of junk food had significant relationship with nutritional status (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: There is an association of overweight and obesity with junk food consumption. More awareness required about the ill effects of junk food on health.

Pontos de corte de índice de massa corporal e suas relações com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em idosos

Abstract Objective To determine the association between nutritional status according to different cutoff points for body mass index (BMI) and the occurrence of noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCD) in older people. Methods A cross-sectional study of 365 older people was conducted using a questionnaire collecting information on health variables, body weight and height measurements. The association between classification of nutritional status using BMI and occurrence of NCD was estimated by the Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI). Results As measured by the different BMI classification criteria, nutritional status varied: for normal weight (24.9-32.3%), excess weight (57.3-73.2%) and for underweight (1.9-15.3%). According to the Lipschitz classification, underweight was associated with lower occurrence of osteoarticular diseases (OR=0.38; 95%CI: 0.15-0.93) and cardiometabolic diseases (OR=0.42; 95%CI: 0.19- 0.94); while overweight was associated with higher occurrence of cardiometabolic diseases (OR=2.26; 95%CI: 1.30-3.93). According to the World Health Organization criteria, underweight was associated with lower occurrence of cardiometabolic diseases (OR=0.09; 95%CI: 0.01-0.61), overweight with lower occurrence of neuropsychological diseases (OR=0. 47; 95%CI: 0.26-0.87), while obese status was associated with higher occurrence of osteoarticular (OR=1.95; 95%CI: 1.08-3.52) and cardiometabolic (OR=3.02; 95%CI: 1.54-5.93) diseases. According to the Pan American Health Organization criteria, underweight was associated with lower occurrence of cardiometabolic diseases (OR=0.45; 95%CI: 0.22-0.91) and obese status with higher occurrence of osteoarticular (OR=1, 91; 95%CI: 1.16-3.15), cardiometabolic (OR=2.58; 95%CI: 1.36-4.85) and respiratory (OR=1.96; 95%CI: 1.16-3.16) diseases. Conclusion The classification criteria for BMI were negatively (underweight) and positively (excess weight) associated with the occurrence of NCD, exhibiting a stronger association when the overweight classification was differentiated from the obese classification.

Abstract B005: Decídetexto: Assessment of weight change after smoking cessation treatment in Latino smokers

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study is to describe weight change among Latinos participating in a randomized, culturally appropriate mobile smoking cessation intervention. Background: More than 60% of cancer-related deaths in the U.S. are attributed to tobacco use, poor nutrition, and physical inactivity. Weight gain is one of the possible barriers to smoking cessation success. The obesity rate among Latinos (44.8%) is the second-highest rate among all racial and ethnic groups. Furthermore, Latino adults have the highest rate of inactivity and 75% of Latinos do not meet the recommended levels of fruit/vegetable consumption. Therefore, the relationship between smoking cessation and weight gain among Latinos is an important aspect to consider in smoking cessation treatment for these underrepresented communities. Methods: The present study describes the weight change of participants in a culturally-tailored mobile smoking cessation program (Decídetexto) over six months. Participants were randomized to one of two conditions: 1) Decídetexto, or 2) standard care (printed materials, referral to quitline). Baseline and 6-month follow-up assessments were performed. The cessation outcome was cotinine-verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence. Weight and BMI were compared from baseline to 6-month to verify the impact of smoking cessation on weight. These changes were also compared from baseline to 6-month among intervention participants vs standard treatment participants to assess any impact of the intervention on weight. Results: Subjects (n=348) had complete weight information to be included in this analysis. Most participants were in the overweight and obese BMI categories at baseline (n=259, 74.4%). At 6 months, there was no significant change in BMI status among all participants. Weight change among those who quit at 6 months compared to those who did not quit smoking was also not statistically significant (p=.70). Quitters had an overall higher amount of absolute weight gain by one pound compared to non-quitters at 6 months (5.04±5.02 lbs vs 4.31±4.09 lbs, respectively) which was not statistically significant (p=0.33). In both the intervention and control groups, more subjects did gain weight overall (n=60,36.2% vs n=69,37.9%, respectively). More subjects lost weight in the control group compared to the intervention group (n=55,30.22% vs n=48,28.9%, respectively). Approximately one-third of both the intervention and control groups did not change their weight (n=58,34.9%, vs n=58,37.9%). There was no statistically significant difference between groups in any weight change direction (p=0.95). Conclusion: Participants in a culturally-tailored mobile smoking cessation program for Latino smokers did not experience significant changes in weight compared to standard treatment. Importantly, those who quit smoking also did not experience significant changes in weight. This is an outcome that could inform future counseling of participants in smoking cessation programs, as fear of weight gain is a significant barrier to quit success. Citation Format: Katherine K.S. Rieth, Evelyn Arana, Francisco Cartujano-Barrera, Scott McIntosh, Ana Paula Cupertino. Decídetexto: Assessment of weight change after smoking cessation treatment in Latino smokers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B005.

A study on assessment of correlation between obesity and blood groups among school children of Gujarat, India

Background: Obesity is a positive risk factor in development of hypertension, diabetes, gallbladder diseases, coronary heart diseases, and few types of cancers. Body mass index (BMI) is an inexpensive and easy screening method for weight category: Underweight, healthy weight, overweight, and obesity. Only a few studies have been conducted until now which focuses on finding any relationship between BMI and blood group of school going children. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this were as follows: (a) To find out BMI in school children of study center and (b) to find out correlation of BMI with blood groups and other variables of participants. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among 101 children of school going age group 10–15 years at one of the private schools of Ahmedabad, Gujarat. A questionnaire was prepared which included sections of demographic details, blood group, diet history, and family history. Results: About 50% of participants were from of either age 13 or 14. There was almost same proportion of participants of both sexes. About 70% of participants were found to be underweight, while about 15% were overweight. Overweight category of BMI is most commonly seen in children having blood group “A” while no child of “O” blood group was found to be overweight. This association was statistically significant. Conclusion: Almost 70% of participants were underweight, while about 15% were overweight. Overweight was most commonly seen in children having blood group “A.” No child of “O” blood group was found to have overweight.