Overarching Themes Research Articles

Motives for and barriers to the use of public space among teenage girls: a scoping review

ABSTRACT Numerous studies underscore the significant role of the outdoor environment in promoting physical and mental health, but at the same time research has shown that teenage girls are less active compared to boys. This is a multidimensional question that cannot be solved with one answer. This scoping review examined the relationship between the physical environment and the barriers to and the motives for using the public space. In this review, we define the public space as public squares, parks, and green spaces. Systematic searches in four online databases – PsycINFO, Sociological s, Avery, and Scopus – were performed using a selection of environmental, gender, barrier, and motive terms. We included both quantitative and qualitative studies. A total of 9,539 articles were screened, 74 studies were included for full-text reading, and 27 articles were included in the final analysis. The review showed four overarching themes: Identity, leisure activities, social norms, and distance to public space and safety considerations that hinder teenage girls in using the public space. The 27 reviews allow us to conclude that outdoor settings can be seen as a comprehensive resource for enhancing both physical and mental health for teenage girls.

Factors which influence social connection among cancer caregivers: an exploratory, interview study

Background/aimsSocial connectedness is increasingly recognised as influencing health outcomes in cancer caregivers; however, there is little understanding of factors which foster feelings of social connectedness among caregivers when providing care. We sought to examine from the caregivers’ perspective, factors which contribute to perceived social connection when providing care to someone with cancer.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 caregivers of people with cancer. Participants were recruited through social media and were eligible if they were aged 18 + years and had provided care to someone with cancer in the preceding 3 years. Data were analysed thematically using NVivo.ResultsFollowing thematic analysis of interview data, six overarching themes emerged detailing caregivers’ experiences with social support, networks, and connectedness. Themes included: people in caregivers’ social networks and communication frequency, supportive communication with people in social networks, challenges with talking with others and seeking support, receiving instrumental support from social networks, impact of the carer role on friendships and community activities, and factors which fostered perceived connectedness.ConclusionsFor caregivers of people with cancer, our qualitative findings suggest the importance of receiving emotional and instrumental support from social networks to cope with, and alleviate the stress and strain of providing care. Development and empirical testing of strategies and interventions that improve social support seeking and subsequently perceived connectedness among caregivers are recommended to improve health and wellbeing.

Radiographers' emotional reactions to suspected child abuse.

In cases of suspected physical abuse (SPA) in children, a full skeletal survey is performed. Radiographers performing the survey may experience emotional challenges during the examination. The purpose of the study was to explore the emotional aspects of SPA imaging among radiographers and how they respond to potential challenges. Data were collected from 8 paediatric radiographers with responsibility for SPA imaging working in three Danish university hospitals using semi-structured in-depth interviews. Interviews were carried out by an experienced radiographer and a social anthropologist. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis applied. Most radiographers described skeletal surveys as a potential emotional challenge. Four over-arching themes were identified; Interactions with caregivers and child, Fear of making errors, Dealing with the dead, and Coping with challenges. Except 'Dealing with the dead', each theme had several sub-themes. Emotional challenges in SPA imaging among radiographers form a complex pattern with interactions with caregivers and the child unfolding in an intense atmosphere where staff are required to regulate feelings. In the highly demanding context of SPA, potential emotionally challenging experiences require both organisational and individual attention. The results of this study should inspire department managers and paediatric radiographers to establish or maintain space in working patterns for informal collegial debriefing, or more systematic formal debriefing, thereby promoting a culture where emotional impact is recognised and supported.

Consumer opinion on the use of machine learning in healthcare settings: A qualitative systematic review.

Given the increasing number of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) tools in healthcare, we aimed to gain an understanding of consumer perspectives on the use of AI/ML tools for healthcare diagnostics. We conducted a qualitative systematic review, following established standardized methods, of the existing literature indexed in the following databases up to 4 April 2022: OVID MEDLINE, OVID EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science. Fourteen studies were identified as appropriate for inclusion in the meta-synthesis and systematic review. Most studies (n = 12) were conducted in high-income countries, with data extracted from both mixed methods (42.9%) and qualitative (57.1%) studies. The meta-synthesis identified four overarching themes across the included studies: (1) Trust, fear, and uncertainty; (2) Data privacy and ML governance; (3) Impact on healthcare delivery and access; and (4) Consumers want to be engaged. The current evidence demonstrates consumers' understandings of AI/ML for medical diagnosis are complex. Consumers express a complex combination of both hesitancy and support towards AI/ML in healthcare diagnosis. Importantly, their views of the use of AI/ML in medical diagnosis are influenced by the perceived trustworthiness of their healthcare providers who use these AI/ML tools. Consumers recognize the potential for AI/ML tools to improve diagnostic accuracy, efficiency and access, and express a strong interest to be engaged in the development and implementation process of AI/ML into routine healthcare.

Nurses’ professional roles: Supervision and support during meals in caring for adult inpatients with anorexia nervosa – a qualitative study

This study aims to describe how nurses perceive their professional roles in providing meal support for adult inpatients with anorexia nervosa. A qualitative design and reflexive thematic analysis were used, as well as the SRQR (i.e. Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research) reporting guidelines for accuracy and completeness. Personal interviews were conducted with 11 nursing staff in a general psychiatric inpatient ward. The results revealed an overarching theme: performing meal support – fluent shifting between roles, with two themes : acting as a supervisor, monitoring food intake, and getting into the supportive and helping role. Both themes further consisted of three subthemes each. The results show nurses’ ability to shift between roles and adapt to patients’ needs at the same time as maintaining treatment structure during meal support. Moving between differences in approach is important in fostering a therapeutic relationship and facilitating patient recovery. Balancing this is especially vital in nursing and involves meeting challenging responsibilities at the same time as addressing individual patient requirements.

Adapting the Role of Doulas to Enhance Supports for Perinatal People with Substance Use Disorders

ABSTRACT Purpopse There is a gap in the current literature regarding how doula care may be implemented into existing systems in Montana to best address the needs of individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) during the perinatal period. Doulas may be particularly well positioned to reach a diverse range of patients, allowing them to feel supported and advocated for within the medical system. This study aims to illustrate the perspectives and experiences of doulas, individuals who have experienced perinatal SUDs, and maternal and mental health providers. Materials and Methods A qualitative descriptive research methodology was used to conduct qualitative semi-structured interviews with 29 participants. Results Through these interviews, three overarching themes emerged: the necessity of doula workforce development to enhance sustainability when working with individuals with SUDs; reducing financial and structural barriers that prevent clients with SUDs from accessing doula care; and working to promote the acceptability of SUD-focused doulas in the healthcare system. Discussion and Conclusion These findings highlight areas of possible intervention to broaden the use of doulas for perinatal individuals with SUDs.

Conclusion to “Re‐Setting the Public Service of Canada”: Resonances, Sustaining Reform, and Fostering Collaborative Research

AbstractThis article considers the implications of the contributions to the special issue on “Re‐Setting the Public Service of Canada.” It first reflects on the reform directions proposed by contributors, the extent to which they resonate, and identifies overarching themes. It then considers the complexity of furthering and sustaining reform in large public‐sector systems, arguing that monitoring progress and motivating public servants will challenge governments and central agencies, especially during times of turbulence and disruption, and that the responsibility for monitoring progress should be more fully shared with Parliament and external observers. This will require investments to improve external reporting and support more systematic, applied and collaborative research from universities and think tanks with public servants, which would lead to fostering a new culture of public sector oversight and a larger community of applied researchers addressing public service issues.

Senior Registered Nurses' Organisational Communication Satisfaction, Job Satisfaction, Burnout, and Intention to Stay: A Cross‐Sectional Study of Two Healthcare Groups

ABSTRACTAimTo explore organisational communication satisfaction and its impact on senior registered nurses' job satisfaction, burnout, and intention to stay.DesignA cross‐sectional design using surveys. The study was conducted with senior registered nurses across two healthcare groups in Western Australia.ResultsOne hundred seventy‐four usable surveys were returned. The results of this study indicated that those with higher communication satisfaction levels were more likely to have higher levels of job satisfaction. Senior registered nurses who intended to leave their jobs had a higher risk of emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation, which may result in higher rates of burnout compared to those who intended to stay. The open‐ended questions were analysed with four overarching themes being identified: information needs, optimising communication, job satisfaction, retention, and attrition.ConclusionThe findings of this study provide insight into senior registered nurses' perception of communication and the impact that this has on job satisfaction, burnout, and intention to stay. It is recommended that organisations explore strategies to support the senior registered nurse cohort to improve job satisfaction, reduce burnout levels, and improve retention rates.Implications for the Nursing ProfessionSenior registered nurses are considered integral to the delivery of healthcare services and, the provision of positive practice environments. Their success is measured by nurse and patient outcomes. When senior registered nurses intend to leave their roles the practice environment is disrupted resulting in an increase in frontline nurse turnover and negative patient outcomes, which increases the costs of care provision. Therefore, it is vital to support this cohort to improve retention of the senior and experienced workforce and to assist with the creation of positive practice environments that promote clinical nurse retention and successful transition of newly qualified nurses into the profession.Reporting MethodSTROBE.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.

Prologue: early modern actors of translation

ABSTRACT As the prologue to the issue, ‘Early Modern Actors of Translation,' this essay provides an overview of the collected essays and explores their overarching themes and different approaches to issues surrounding translators' agency. The second part of the essay takes up a case study that involves two of the volume's themes: retranslation and the translator as cultural critic, through a focus on classical scholar and translator Anne Dacier (1645–1720) and her use of the Dialogus de oratoribus (Dialogue on Orators). This early work by the Roman historian Tacitus had come to be associated since the Renaissance with socio-cultural critique and the Republican tradition. Rather than translating the Dialogus, Dacier incorporates it into the framework of polemical treatise, Des causes de la corruption du goût. Dacier's treatise is a scathing criticism of a recent modernizing adaptation of Homer's Iliad; at a deeper level, she calls on her contemporaries to set aside the aesthetic norms of the present in order to enter into a different culture. For Dacier, the literary works of the past are a lens not only to view history, but also to cast a critical eye on the present.

Impact of diversity representation in art on pre-health professions students’ sense of belonging: A randomized experimental study

BackgroundFor learners underrepresented in medicine (UIM), a heightened sense of belonging may be critical to creating shared awareness of diversity and fostering an inclusive educational environment. Despite ongoing efforts from academic medical institutions to promote and retain diverse individuals, few studies have investigated the foundational role of pre-health professions education in shaping students’ sense of belonging, and fewer still have leveraged the potential of arts- and humanities-based approaches in doing so. This study aimed to evaluate the perceived impact of race- and gender-diverse visual representations of health professionals on pre-health students’ sense of belonging.MethodsTwenty-eight pre-health professions students at one large undergraduate academic institution were randomized to one of two study groups. Each group participated in a visual arts-based workshop to discuss images depicting either gender- and race-diverse or non-diverse health professionals. All participants completed a pre- and post-workshop survey consisting of select items from the Professional Identity Questionnaire (PIQ), as well as an additional open-ended survey after viewing the images from the other study group. Changes in PIQ item scores were analyzed using chi-square statistics, and free-text survey responses underwent thematic analysis.ResultsAlthough PIQ item score changes were not statistically significant in either group, both showed an overall directional increase that was more pronounced in the study group exposed to diverse images. Qualitative analysis of responses to open-ended survey items were grouped into four overarching themes: “Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) converges with other aspects of intersectional identity,” “sense of belonging drives motivation,” “perceptions of medicine are shaped early in training,” and “cross-group exposure stimulates metacognitive thinking.”ConclusionIntegrating arts and humanities programming into pre-health professions education may help cultivate a sense of belonging among UIM students, providing a robust platform for the critical dialogues essential in advancing inclusivity within healthcare settings.

A qualitative study exploring stakeholders’ perceptions of registry-based randomised controlled trials capacity and capability in Australia

BackgroundTraditional randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions in clinical research. Traditional RCTs however are complex, expensive and have low external validity. Registry-based randomised controlled trials (RRCTs) are an emerging alternative approach that integrates the internal validity of a traditional RCT with the external validity of a clinical registry by recruiting more real-world patients and leveraging an existing registry platform for data collection. As RRCTs are a novel research design, there is limited understanding of the RRCT landscape in Australia. This qualitative study aims to explore the RRCT landscape in Australia including current capacity and capabilities, and to identify challenges and opportunities for conducting RRCTs.MethodsWe conducted 30 semi-structured interviews with 18 clinician researchers, 6 research program managers and 6 research governance officers. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. We analysed the data using thematic analysis.ResultsWe identified four overarching themes: (1) understanding of the RRCT methodology concept and knowledge of Australian clinical registries and RRCT landscape; (2) enablers and barriers in the uptake and conduct of RRCTs; (3) ethics and governance requirements impacting the conduct of RRCTs and (4) recommendations for the promotion, support and implementation of RRCTs. Understanding of and ability to define an RRCT varied considerably amongst participants, as did their appreciation of the role the registry should play in supporting these trials. Lack of ongoing funding to support both registries and RRCTs, along with low awareness and minimal education around this methodology, were identified as the predominant barriers to the uptake of RRCTs in Australia. The simplicity of RRCTs, specifically their pragmatic nature and lower costs, was identified as one of their best attributes. There was consensus that inadequate funding, onerous research governance requirements and poor awareness of this methodology were currently prohibitive in enticing clinicians and researchers to conduct RRCTs. Recommendations to improve the uptake of RRCTs included establishing a sustainable funding model for both registries and RRCTs, harmonising governance requirements across jurisdictions and increasing awareness of RRCTs through education initiatives.ConclusionsRRCTs in Australia are an evolving methodology with slow but steady uptake across a number of clinical disciplines. Whilst RRCTs are increasingly identified as a beneficial alternative methodology to evaluate and improve current standards of care, several barriers to effective RRCT implementation were identified. Creating greater awareness of the benefits of RRCTs across a number of stakeholders to help secure ongoing funding and addressing both registry and RRCT governance challenges are two essential steps in enhancing the uptake of RRCTs in Australia and internationally.

Supporting older people experiencing homelessness and memory problems in hostels: Learning from an ethnographic study.

Older people with memory problems living in temporary hostel accommodation have longer stays and higher care needs than those without memory problems. In this ethnographic study, we aimed to elucidate how staff currently support older hostel residents with memory problems, what contextual factors determine support given and, what facilitates positive and meaningful outcomes for staff and residents. We conducted interviews and participant observations with older people (≥50 years) experiencing memory problems and homelessness (interviews n=17, observations n=13), hostel staff and managers (interviews n=15, observations n=20) from seven residential facilities (six hostels and one care home), and health and social care practitioners (interviews n=17, observations n=7), from September 2021-December 2022 in London, England. We analyzed thematically from a critical realist position. We identified four overarching themes: (1) Compensatory strategies and routines, (2) hostels are not homes, (3) meeting challenging interactions with compassion, and (4) facilitating opportunities for meaningful interactions. Social interactions for people with memory problems were restricted and, although sheltered by living in hostels, this did not equate to safety or provide opportunities for positive interactions. Staff worked hard to connect with older residents with memory problems, in resource and time-poor contexts, often left to provide care beyond their roles in contexts of unmet need. Our ethnographic account has informed co-design of a support intervention for hostel staff working with older people with memory problems, alongside recommendations for policy and practice.

Feedback: “overly nice” or a “roasting culture”? a student partnership approach in exploring a feedback literacy strategy in undergraduate pharmacy and medical education

Research emphasises the need for mutual understanding of feedback purpose, i.e. staff and student feedback literacy. Interprofessional practice is crucial to effective patient care. While undergraduates increasingly learn and are assessed together, less is known of their shared or differing experiences of feedback. This study aimed to explore how students and faculty in medicine and pharmacy perceive an evidence-informed draft feedback strategy.Methods A student partnership approach was taken to this cross-faculty study. Focus groups of faculty from the Schools of Medicine (SOM) and Pharmacy (SOP) were undertaken by a faculty researcher. A SOP student facilitated student focus groups across both schools. Data was thematically analysed using template analysis by staff and students from both schools.Results Three over-arching themes are described: feedback goals, environment and design. Heterogeneous conceptualisations make it difficult for faculty to signpost and students to recognise feedback. Feedback goals and operationalisation contrasted in junior and senior years. Junior students were frustrated by “overly nice”, generic feedback; senior students baulked at a “roasting culture”, more marked for medical students.Conclusion Despite an expanse of research-informed theory, processes in practice are unsupportive of feedback literacy. Even within programmes, context differs and must be considered when embedding a positive whole-programme feedback culture.Clinical Trial number Not applicable.

A Bibliometric Analysis and Scoping Review of the Critical Success Factors for Residential Building Energy Retrofitting

Retrofitting existing residential buildings presents a feasible approach to improving energy efficiency. Therefore, recognising the critical success factors (CSFs) for residential building energy retrofitting (BER) has remained a significant topic in this climate change era. However, given the fragmented nature of past findings, this study reviewed past studies on the CSFs for residential BER. Utilising Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, 138 studies were initially examined, with 33 meeting the inclusion criteria and synthesised according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The review started with a bibliometric analysis, including publication trends, types, geographical focus, etc., and found growing interest in this topic amongst authors in China, Germany, Saudi Arabia, the UK, and Europe. The scoping review results highlight seven overarching themes of CSFs: project-, contract-, stakeholder-, team-, financial-, regulation-, and material/technology-related. Notably, the most emphasised across the studies were stakeholder-, project-, regulation-, and financial-related CSFs. A further review of the included studies revealed that the dominant methods used in past studies were factor analysis, regression analysis, social network analysis (SNA), and structural equation modelling (SEM). This study provides valuable insights for regulatory bodies, construction professionals, project managers, and homeowners seeking to develop customised retrofitting solutions, advancing residential BER research and practice. Further research is suggested to understand how combinations of factors can drive retrofitting success across varied contexts.

Normative versus transformative coaching approaches: Profiling the social justice activism and allyship of Canadian high school sport coaches

In Canada, high school sport is a popular activity used to foster the physical and psychosocial development of student-athletes. Despite the popularity of high school sport, social justice inequities (e.g., racism, ableism) continue to shape student-athletes’ experiences. Given that the mission of School Sport Canada (i.e., the national governing body of school sport) is to facilitate the “total development of student athletes through interscholastic sport”, there is a need to study the way coaches think about and act for social justice. Thus, the purpose of the study was to profile the social justice activism and allyship of Canadian high school coaches. Semi-structured interviews were conducted virtually (i.e., via Zoom) with 28 Canadian high school sport coaches. Interview data were subjected to reflexive thematic analysis, which led to the development of two coach profiles based on the two continua model for life skills teaching (Camiré, 2023). The two coaching profiles – the normative coaching approach (i.e., general disinterest in social justice) and the transformative coaching approach (i.e., proactive social justice activism through a developed critical consciousness) – are contrasted across four overarching themes (a) I’m (Not) Confident, I (Don’t) Understand; (b) (Un)intentionally (Re)acting; (c) You See Excuses, I See Obstacles to be Toppled; and (d) (Dis)engaged and (Non)autonomous Education. Findings have practical implications for centering social justice in coach education, for developing critical praxis related to activism and allyship, and for instigating systemic policy changes that can make the Canadian school sport system safer, more equitable, and more inclusive for all participants.

“The ultimate exposure”: a qualitative exploration of the impact of COVID-19 on adults in treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder with contamination fears

ABSTRACT Objectives Risk of infection and emphasis on hygiene practices during the COVID-19 pandemic had the potential to exacerbate cognitive distortions and decontaminating rituals for people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), especially those with the contamination/cleaning subtype of OCD. Existing literature has been mostly quantitative, involving mixed OCD samples, with minimal specific focus on contamination symptoms. This qualitative study aimed to explore the impact of the pandemic on the symptomatology and treatment of Australian adults undergoing treatment primarily for contamination obsessions and washing and cleaning compulsions. Method Twelve adult clients diagnosed with OCD with contamination obsessions and washing compulsions completed semi-structured interviews. Transcribed interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Participants’ intrapersonal and interpersonal experiences were captured by four overarching themes and 12 subthemes: (1) Evolving Self-Concept, (2) Changing Symptomatology, (3) The Family and Home, and (4) The Pandemic Environment. Interactions with the pandemic environment altered participants’ perception of themselves and their OCD, influencing the frequency and nature of subsequent engagement with the environment. Conclusions Clinical implications include: The importance of de-stigmatising OCD, tailoring psychological support during the pandemic context, and modifying exposure and response prevention to ensure that its principles are upheld in the event of another health crisis.

Expectations and Perspectives About Infant Feeding of Their First Child Among Rural Women.

To explore expectations and perspectives related to infant feeding of their first child among rural women. Qualitative descriptive. Rural women who were first-time mothers (N= 18). We recruited participants from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children clinics and a nurse home-visiting program in a midwestern U.S. state. Using the construct of habitus, we developed an interview guide and used semistructured interviews to explore the expectations and perspectives of participants regarding infant feeding of the first child. We analyzed the transcribed interviews using content analysis techniques to identify overall themes. We identified four overarching themes and associated subthemes that represented participants' expectations and perspectives: I'm Educated but Not So Much on Breastfeeding, This Is How It Is in a Small Town, I Had Expectations, and This Area Lacks Resources for Mothers. Overall, participants had high expectations to breastfeed. However, most discontinued breastfeeding soon after giving birth due to a lack of pragmatic knowledge about how to breastfeed, poor understanding of infant nutritional needs in the first few weeks of life, and a nonsupportive habitus.

The uncounted and unseen challenges of refugee foster families in Kampala, Uganda

Uganda is known for its open-door policies towards refugees, currently hosting over 1.5 million refugees, 60–65% of whom are children. National self-reliance strategies grant refugees who live in urban settings freedom of movement and employment and expect them to be mostly self-sufficient in exchange. Families within the refugee community are fostering unaccompanied refugee children, as this is considered the best solution for them by the Ugandan state and international organisations. We used ethnographic and quantitative methods, including in-depth interviews, questionnaires and participant observation, to assess the living situation of refugee foster families in Kampala. Our sample included 52 foster families who were caring for a total of 289 children. The findings raised four overarching themes: (1) Circumstances and reasoning for fostering unaccompanied children; (2) Formalisation of explicit foster registration; (3) Differences in care and living conditions; and (4) Ambiguous organisational support. Fostering was either direct by family members or friends, or indirect through the intervention of a church or the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees’ (UNHCR) implementing non-governmental organisations (NGOs) but has never followed national processes to formalise fostering or adoption. Based on the self-reliance policies, refugee foster families in Kampala do not receive adequate support or supervision from any institution, and fostered children remain acutely vulnerable, especially since the economic crises related to Covid-19 and the war in Ukraine. We argue that the lack of recognition and financial and emotional support for foster families hinders community-based solutions. These conditions, coupled with the lack of proper supervision and control, encourage less altruistic fostering and more abusive and exploitative treatment of unaccompanied children.

Medical ambivalence and Long Covid: The disconnects, entanglements, and productivities shaping ethnic minority experiences in the UK

Structural violence - related to ‘isms’ like racism, sexism, and ableism – pertains to the ways in which social institutions harm certain groups. Such violence is critical to institutional indifference to the plight of ethnic minority people living with long-term health conditions. With only emergent literature on the lived experiences of ethnic minorities with Long Covid, we sought to investigate their experiences around the interplay of illness and structural vulnerabilities. Thirty-one semi-structured interviews with a range of UK-based participants of varying ethnic minorities, ages and socio-economic situations were undertaken online between June 2022 and June 2023. A constant comparison analysis was used to develop three over-arching themes: (1) Long Covid and social recognition; (2) The violence of medical ambivalence; and (3) Pathways to recognition and support. Findings showed that while professional recognition and support were possible, participants generally faced the spectre and deployment of a particular mode of structural violence, namely ‘medical ambivalence’. The contours of medical ambivalence in the National Health Service (NHS) as an institution had consequences, including inducing or accentuating suffering via practices of care denial. Despite multiple structurally shaped ordeals (like healthcare, community stigma, and sexism), many participants were nevertheless able to gain recognition for their condition (e.g. online, religious communities). Participants with more resources were in the best position to ‘cobble together’ their own approaches to care and support, despite structural headwinds.

Mother–newborn couplet care and the expectations, concerns and educational needs of healthcare professionals: a qualitative study

ObjectivesOur aim was to explore healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) expectations, concerns and educational needs regarding preparing for implementing the concept of couplet care, keeping newborns in need of intensive care together...