Outstanding Corrosion Resistance Research Articles

A novel multicomponent micro-alloyed magnesium for orthopaedic applications: a microstructural, mechanical, degradation and bioactivity study

ABSTRACT The current study focuses on development of magnesium based micro-alloy with the composition of Mg–0.5Zn–0.15Ca–0.1Mn–0.1Sn–0.1Ag–0.2Ce–0.2Sr using casting method. Microstructural examinations conducted using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) unveiled a uniform grain distribution in the alloy with minimal intermetallic content, corroborated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis matching the magnesium peak precisely. Tensile testing indicated that the solution strengthening process boosted the alloy’s required yield strength and stiffness, while enhancing magnesium’s ductility up to 19.07% elongation. Electrochemical tests demonstrated an outstanding corrosion resistance rate of 0.91 mm/year, supported by Nyquist plots indicating passivation behaviour and film formation. The pH variations revealed an initial spike to 8.13 within the first 24 hours, gradually declining thereafter. The bioactivity assessment of the developed alloy showcased the formation of near-stoichiometric apatite layers on the alloy surface, confirming its potential as a suitable orthopaedic implant material.

Microstructure, mechanical behavior, and cavitation erosion-corrosion resistance of the BCC/B2 strengthened FeNiCrMoAl-based multi-principal element alloys

The influence of disordered and ordered body-centered cubic (BCC-β and B2-β′) secondary phases on the mechanical properties and cavitation erosion-corrosion (CE-C) behavior of BCC/B2 strengthened FeNiCrMoAl-based multi-principal element alloy (MPEA) was systematically investigated. An increased β/β′ phases content enhanced the MPEAs’ strengths while maintaining good ductility. However, this increases also led to a higher proportion of loosely bound Al2O3 within the passivation film, resulting in a slight reduction in electrochemical corrosion performance. Remarkably, in a NaCl solution, the increased β/β′ phases significantly improved the MPEAs’ resistance to CE-C, attributed to the outstanding corrosion resistance and mechanical properties which could withstand elastic strain damage and plastic deformation.

Influence of Si-addition on tribological and corrosion properties of Ta-Si-C coatings

Ta-Si-C coatings with Si content varying from 2.7 to 30.8 at.% were synthesized by magnetron co-sputtering. Their microstructure, tribological properties and corrosion performance were investigated. The coatings exhibited two distinct structural forms: a Ta(C, Si) solid solution for the lower silicon contents (2.7 and 5.6 at.% Si) and a Ta(C, Si)/a-C:Si nanocomposite for higher Si content (13.7, 20.8 and 30.8 at.% Si). Notably, the Ta(C, Si) solid solution at 5.6 at.% Si demonstrated the highest hardness of 44±2.7 GPa, resulting from the solid solution strengthening. Furthermore, this solid solution also demonstrated the lowest wear rate (1.21×10-6 mm3N-1m-1), due to its superior hardness and H3/E2 ratio. Additionally, the coating with 5.6 at.% Si displayed the most outstanding corrosion resistance, attributed to its higher crystalline quality and denser structure, which effectively prevented the permeation of corrosive media through the coating to the substrate.

Design and fabrication of multiphase TiVCrZrW films with superior wear resistance and corrosion resistance

High entropy alloys (HEAs) have the potential to overcome the conflict between hardness and toughness by incorporating dual-phase or multiphase structures. Under unbalanced magnetron sputtering, HEA films with large atomic size differences tend to form non-monophasic structures. In this study, based on a phase diagram calculation simulation, a multiphase TiVCrZrW film with deposition temperature-induced phase separation was successfully designed. Interestingly, the TiVCrZrW film deposited at 600 °C exhibited a multiphase structure including a double body-centered cubic (BCC) phase and Laves phase by spinodal decomposition, realizing a balance between hardness and toughness. The tribological experiments showed that the multiphase TiVCrZrW film provided superior wear resistance, with a minimum wear rate of 2.63 × 10−6 mm3/(N·m). The electrochemical experiment demonstrated the outstanding corrosion resistance of the multiphase TiVCrZrW film, and the corrosive solution was effectively inhibited by the ZrO2 and Cr2O3 oxides passive film formed on the surface. According to the results of this study, TiVCrZrW protective films have a wide range of potential applications in various fields of marine engineering.

A high‐entropy (Er0.25Y0.25Ho0.25Yb0.25)2Si2O7 ceramic with good thermal properties and water‐vapor corrosion resistance

AbstractA high‐entropy rare‐earth disilicate (Er0.25Y0.25Ho0.25Yb0.25)2Si2O7 (hereinafter referred to as (EYHY)2Si2O7) ceramic was synthesized by a heat treatment process combined with spark plasma sintering. According to the experimental results, (EYHY)2Si2O7 presents good phase stability and low thermal conductivity ([1.48–2.35] W∙m−1∙K−1) from room temperature to 1200°C. Its coefficient of thermal expansion is (3.89–5.32) × 10−6 K−1 from 200 to 1400°C, similar to SiC‐based materials ([4.5–5.5] × 10−6 K−1). Due to the multiple doping effects, (EYHY)2Si2O7 exhibits outstanding corrosion resistance performance in water‐vapor corrosion tests. Its weight loss is 1.79 mg/cm2 after corrosion at 1600°C for 30 h in the presence of 50% H2O‐50% O2, which is lower than the corresponding four single components Re2Si2O7 (Er2Si2O7, Y2Si2O7, Ho2Si2O7, and Yb2Si2O7) under the same conditions. Therefore, high‐entropy (EYHY)2Si2O7 ceramics are regarded as potential environmental barrier coatings materials for SiC ceramic matrix composites.

Effects of interlayer-modified layered double hydroxides with organic corrosion inhibiting ions on the properties of cement-based materials and reinforcement corrosion in chloride environment

Developing novel, environmentally friendly, and efficient corrosion inhibitors is of great significance for improving the durability of marine concrete against chloride ion erosion. This paper aims to explore the potential of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as nanocontainers, incorporating organic corrosion inhibitors between LDHs layers to synergistically enhance their effectiveness. In this study, Mg/Al-pAB-LDH was synthesized through the interlayer modification of LDHs with an organic corrosion inhibitor, p-aminobenzoic acid (pAB), employing a calcination-rehydration method. Chloride ion (Cl−) adsorption behavior was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed and the effect on mortar properties was investigated. The corrosion resistance of steel bars in the mortar was assessed under chloride salt simulated concrete pore solution (SCPs) and chloride salt wet-dry cycles via electrochemical tests and microscopic characterization of Mg/Al-pAB-LDH. The results demonstrate that Mg/Al-pAB-LDH efficiently captures Cl− and releases corrosion-inhibiting ions pAB, with the adsorption process conforming to pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Mg/Al-pAB-LDH enhances the pore structure of mortar, effectively improving mechanical properties and resistance to chloride ion penetration, with the optimal effect observed at a 4 % addition rate. Mg/Al-pAB-LDH demonstrates outstanding corrosion resistance to steel bars in both SCPs and mortar. In SCPs, it serves as a corrosion inhibitor by adsorbing Cl− and releasing pAB, whereas in mortar, it functions as a corrosion inhibitor by enhancing the physical barrier effect of mortar, adsorbing Cl−, and releasing pAB. This study demonstrates the promising potential of utilizing Mg/Al-pAB-LDH as a novel corrosion inhibitor to mitigate the corrosion of steel bars in marine concrete.

Boron-modified super duplex stainless steels: microstructure, hardness, and industrial applications

In this work was investigated the boron modified super duplex stainless steel processed by spray-forming, to characterize the workpiece using different techniques, among them, optical microscopy, SEM-FEG, X-ray diffraction, Rama spectroscopy and Vickers hardness (VH) and Thermo-Calc software. As result, in this research was verified that in the ferrite phase the Cr element predominates, but in the austenite phase the Fe and Ni elements prevail by the EDS technique. As well as XRD spectra showed different meta-stable phases and (FeCr)2B phase. Besides, the Vickers microhardness measurement was around 460 HV, being much taller than the duplex stainless steel. This alloy can be successfully used in the chemical, oil and gas industries, petrochemical process plants, the pulp and paper industry, pollution control equipment, transportation and for general engineering thanks to their outstanding corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

Improving the interfacial bonding strength of a silane anticorrosion film on copper surfaces using small-molecule corrosion inhibitors

The weak binding ability of silane to copper surfaces restricts its use in copper anticorrosion. In this study, the P–OH groups in etidronic acid (HEDP) were utilized to establish chemical bonds with copper and to react with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (PropS-SH), serving as a bridging mechanism to enhance the anchoring of silane onto copper surfaces. Moreover, the presence of HEDP promoted the condensation of silane, leading to the formation of a denser and thicker film with outstanding corrosion resistance. SEM results indicated that the thickness of the PropS-SH/HEDP film was about 125 nm, and defects at the copper–film interface were repaired. Electrochemical tests demonstrated that the PropS-SH/HEDP film exhibited remarkable corrosion resistance, achieving an anticorrosion efficiency of 99.95 %. Immersion testing showed that the PropS-SH/HEDP film was capable of withstanding immersion in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 10 days, displaying a durability 5 times greater than that of the standalone silane film.

Effect of hot-rolling process on the microstructure, mechanical and corrosion behaviors of dual-phase Co-based entropic alloys

Two compositions from dual-phase Co-based entropic alloys with high corrosion resistance were chosen, and the effect of hot-rolling process on the microstrcture, mechanical property and corrosion resistance was investigated in this work. The processing parameters were designed and optimized by CALPHAD calculations. For the case of hot-rolled alloys, fcc + hcp dual-phase structures were confirmed by different characterization techniques, including XRD, ECCI, and EBSD. After testing various mechanical properties and electrochemical corrosion behaviors at room temperature, the hot-rolled alloys exhibit an outstanding mechanical and corrosion resistance property. The hot-rolling process improves the electrochemical corrosion resistance slightly and promotes hardness as well as strength-ductility greatly. The experimental characterizations provide plentiful information about microstructure, crystallographic orientation, lattice misorientation, grain boundaries, and so on. More details for the strengthening and hardening mechanisms could be obtained from the EBSD analysis. The current work shed lights on the design of new alloy recipe as well as the synthesis of novel grade dual-phase entropic alloys with excellent combination of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance which could be applied in harsh environments.

Design of new β-type Ti alloys with outstanding corrosion and wear resistance for dental application

β-type Ti alloys have drawn extensive attention as potential metallic implants. In this work, the microstructure, corrosion behavior, and wear performance of Ti−17.3Nb−1.8Fe (TNF) and Ti−22Nb−30Zr−4Cr (TNZC) biomedical alloys were experimentally investigated, and CP−Ti and Ti6Al4V alloy were also used for comparisons. TNF and TNZC alloys after solution treatment at 1273K showed a single β phase. It was found that TNF and TNZC alloys revealed better corrosion resistance than CP−Ti and Ti6Al4V alloy in different artificial saliva containing 0.15wt.% NaF with the pH values of 3.9 and 5.7, which could be ascribed to the formation of a double-layer passive film composed of multiple species oxides. Moreover, TNF and TNZC alloys exhibited higher wear resistance compared with CP−Ti and Ti6Al4V alloy, whose wear mechanism was adhesive wear and abrasive wear. The present results shows that TNF and TNZC alloys are nice candidates for dental application.

Numerical study on machining of Al/SiC composite materials

Abstract Metal matrix composites (MMCs) comprising aluminum (Al) matrices reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) particles have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their outstanding specific strength, stiffness, corrosion resistance, and thermal conductivity. However, to achieve the desired geometry and shape of such MMC workpiece, a cutting process is still necessary, which involves a complex phenomenon of mechanical interactions that can result in surface defects and reduced tool life. This study aims to numerically investigate the cutting process of Al/SiC MMC workpieces in a manner that closely resembles reality by developing a finite element model directly from a metallographic image of a composite with a 30% volume fraction of 10 μm SiC grit. The research focuses on the effects of cutting depth, cutter rake, and the interaction between the cutting tool and the SiC particles. The results demonstrate that, depending on the contact point with the SiC particle, there is a variation in the cutting force generated when the cutter tip encounters the SiC particle. This causes the particle to break, rotate, roll over the matrix, and embed deeper into the matrix. Furthermore, based on the analysis of variance applied to the cutting force, the cutting depth exhibits a significant influence, while the cutter rake shows no significant effect on the cutting force.

Highly thermally conductive and anti-corrosive silicone grease enabled using unique hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet/alumina microsphere-based hierarchical structure for heat dissipation in a humid environment

Electronic devices operating in the marine environment often face severe corrosion. In addition, highly integrated and powerful devices generate a notable amount of heat, which may lead to a deterioration in performance and reliability. Therefore, it is essential to develop thermal interface materials (TIMs) with high thermal conductivity and outstanding corrosion resistance for efficient and stable heat dissipation. Herein, a novel hierarchical three-dimensional structure comprising hexagonal boron nitride sheet wrapped alumina microsphere/hexagonal boron nitride flakes (Al2O3@BNNS-BNFs) has been fabricated, which can simultaneously improve the thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance of silicone grease (SG). The dispersibility of BNFs in SG is enhanced by the uniform distribution of Al2O3@BNNSs, while the BNNSs attached to the surface of Al2O3 microspheres improves the compatibility of BNFs and Al2O3 microspheres, thereby effectively enhancing the thermal conductivity of SGs. The thermal conductivity of the Al2O3@BNNS-BNFs/SG can reach up to 1.98 W/(m·K) when the content of Al2O3@BNNS-BNFs is 20 wt%, which is ∼13 times that of ordinary SG. Meanwhile, the Al2O3@BNNS-BNFs/SGs also demonstrate excellent electrical insulation (1.50 × 1013 Ω cm) and corrosion resistance compared to some commercial products. Furthermore, subsequent tests indicate that the Al2O3@BNNS-BNFs/SGs can effectively dissipate heat for electronic devices in various humid environments. These unique properties make the Al2O3@BNNS-BNFs/SGs promising as multifunctional TIMs for thermal management in complex environments, especially in humid or corrosive conditions.

High-entropy TiVNbMoC3Tx MXene hybrid with balanced dielectric-magnetic loss for high-efficient electromagnetic wave absorption with environmental stability

With the advent of the 5G era, there is a growing demand for electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers that offer both efficient absorption and improved environmental stability. Transition metal carbides/carbonitrides (MXene), with their atomic-layered structures and high electrical conductivity, offer substantial potential for crafting efficient electromagnetic functional materials. Yet, enhancing the antioxidant capabilities and addressing the poor loss mechanisms of traditional MXene absorbers remain challenging tasks. In this context, a TiVNbMoC3Tx high-entropy MXene (HE-MXene) and its magnetic hybrids were synthesized for the first time. The unique multicomponent structure of high-entropy MXene reduces grain boundary formation, thereby slowing the progression of oxidation reactions. The incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles induces interface polarization loss or strong magnetic coupling, thereby enhancing EMW attenuation. These magnetic HE-MXene hybrids demonstrated a minimum reflection loss of −57.59 dB at a matching thickness of 1.46 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.72 GHz at a thickness of 1.53 mm. Furthermore, the magnetic hybrids also exhibited outstanding oxidation and electrochemical corrosion resistance. This research provides valuable theoretical insights for the development of electromagnetic composites within high entropy (HE) systems, showcasing significant potential for long-term applications.

Experimental and numerical investigations on cold-formed titanium-clad bimetallic steel angle and channel section stub columns

Titanium-clad bimetallic steel (TCBS) exhibits outstanding corrosion resistance, and can be advantageously applied in corrosive environments. This study investigated an innovative application of TCBS in cold-formed stub columns. During the cold-forming process, TCBS demonstrated no discernible separation at the bonding interface of the Q235 substrate layer and TA1 cladding layer, indicating the maintenance of synergistic deformation between the cladding and substrate layers. The compressive behavior and ultimate resistance of cold-formed TCBS angle and channel section stub columns were investigated using both experimental and numerical methods. These tests included material tensile flat and corner coupon tests, initial local geometric imperfection measurements, and stub column tests. The stub column test comprised four cold-formed TCBS angle section stub columns and three cold-formed TCBS channel section stub columns covering the non-slender and slender cross-sections. The experimental results were utilized to validate the finite-element (FE) model, which was then used in a parametric study to obtain further numerical data at different cross-sections. A comparative analysis of the ultimate resistance from the tests and numerical analyses with the predicted results from design approaches in EN 1993-1-1, AISI S100, and the direct strength method (DSM) was revealed. The evaluation findings generally showed that the EN 1993-1-1 design method forecasts for cold-formed TCBS channel section stub columns were dangerous. The non-slender cross-section classification coefficient, which was inapplicable to cold-formed TCBS channel steel stub columns, was the primary cause of the above unsafe prediction. As for the design approaches in AISI S100 and DSM for cold-formed TCBS angle and channel section stub columns, as well as those in EN 1993-1-1 for cold-formed TCBS angle section stub columns, they were judged safe but conservative. The above prediction error was mainly caused by ignoring the enhancement in strength properties of the TCBS after the cold-forming process. The considerations mentioned above led to the proposal and demonstration of modifying recommendations that offered safe, accurate, and consistent design approaches to ultimate resistance for the cold-formed TCBS angle and channel section stub columns.

Comparative analysis of irradiation-stimulated hardening in the austenite and ferrite phases of F321 stainless steel

F321 stainless steel is renowned for its outstanding mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, making it a crucial structural material in light water reactors and high-temperature gas reactors. With irradiation (IR), F321 stainless steel undergoes microstructural alterations, such as the formation of IR-stimulated defects (e.g., stacking fault tetrahedrons (SFTs), dislocation loops (DLs), and clusters), resulting in IR hardening. This study compares the IR-stimulated hardening in the austenitic and ferritic phases of F321 stainless steel through both experimental methods and numerical simulations. In the austenitic phase, the size and number density of IR defects (DLs and SFTs) were determined, which were proportional to the IR dose. In the ferritic phase, IR-induced DL parameters were quantified, and the effects of IR on spinodal decomposition were analyzed. The interaction processes and mechanisms between dislocations and IR defects in the austenitic phase were evaluated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, leading to the development of a model for IR defect-induced hardening strength. Additionally, an MD data-driven crystal-plasticity-finite-element-model (CPFEM) was established. The nano-indentation hardness of the austenitic and ferritic phases was measured and calculated through both experimental methods and CPFEM simulations. The results show that the nano-indentation hardness of the ferritic phase is reduced compared to the austenitic phase, due to a lower density of IR defects. Understanding these effects provides deeper insights into how IR influences the mechanical and microstructural properties of F321 steel, which is essential for predicting the material's long-term performance and reliability.

Revealing the environmental-assisted degeneration mechanism of an Al-containing dual-phase high entropy alloy in supercritical water

A dual-phase high entropy alloy (DP-HEA) containing 7.82 wt% Al was synthesized to withstand corrosive supercritical water. The long-term corrosion and quasi-static tensile tests reveal superior resistance to such environmental-assisted degeneration. The outstanding corrosion resistance can be attributed to the high aluminum content in B2 phase, which forms a continuous Al2O3 layer for protection, while the FCC phase is selectively corroded. Under external stress, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) initiates from surface oxide and penetrates uncompact mixed Cr/Al-rich oxide in deteriorated FCC regions or corroded phase interface, though network-shaped B2 can inhibit SCC propagation, which supports the brittle film rupture model.

Laser clad CoCrFeNiTixNby hypoeutectic high-entropy alloy coating: Effects of Ti and Nb content on mechanical, wear and corrosion properties

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) exhibit significant potential for advanced wear and corrosion-resistant applications. This study investigates the influence of Ti and Nb doping on the microstructure, phase composition, and properties of CoCrFeNiTixNby HEAs synthesized using high-speed laser cladding (HLC). The results demonstrate that increasing Ti and Nb content transforms the coating structure from a face-centered cubic (FCC) phase to a hybrid structure comprising FCC, body-centered cubic (BCC), and Laves phases, leading to a linear enhancement in surface hardness. The incorporation of Ti and Nb not only promotes the preferred orientation of the FCC phase (111) crystal plane but also significantly enhances tensile strength, though this comes at the expense of reduced plasticity. Specifically, the CoCrFeNiTi0.6Nb0.15 coating attains an ideal balance between strength and ductility, with a tensile strength of 1641.8 MPa and a tensile strain of 15.9 %, achieved through the formation of a eutectic structure. This coating also exhibits superior wear resistance and outstanding corrosion resistance, which are attributed to the stability of the passivation film, reinforced by the (111) crystal plane and high-density dislocations. These findings provide both theoretical and empirical foundations for the design of high-performance HEAs, underscoring their potential in industrial applications requiring robust wear and corrosion resistance.

Multifunctional electromagnetic wave absorbing carbon fiber/Ti3C2TX MXene fabric with ultra-wide absorption band

In order to provide electronics and aerospace equipment with effective immunity to electromagnetic interference and to improve their adaptability to very harsh electromagnetic environments, high-performance electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials are urgently needed for civil and military applications. Unfortunately, their effective absorption bandwidth width is still unsatisfactory (<10 GHz) due to the insufficient regulation of their component mixing and microstructure. By employing nanocage-structured UiO-66 as a doping phase, MXene/ZrO2/tungsten-doped carbon (MXene/ZrO2/W-C) interpenetrating fiber networks were prepared by the electrostatic spinning method. According to the experimental results, the introduction of the dopant phase and the formation of the interpenetrating network significantly improves impedance matching, resulting in a wide absorption bandwidth of 11.12 GHz for the composites, completing the coverage of the X and Ku bands. The radar scattering cross section of MXene/ZrO2/W-C has been simulated using three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation, and as a result of its excellent stealth performance, it is able to generate corresponding electromagnetic responses in radar detection environments that exhibit different far-field emission bands. Further, MXene/ZrO2/W-C exhibits outstanding hydrophobicity, corrosion resistance, and temperature resistance. These characteristics allow it to be used for the preparation of electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing devices for complex environmental applications. It is important to note that the results of this study will be extremely useful in the development of composites based on MXene with ultra-wide absorption bands as well as in the analysis of EMW absorption mechanisms.

Strengthening high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel via constructing multi-scaled heterostructure

High nitrogen austenitic stainless steels (HNASSs) have received widespread attention owing to their outstanding corrosion resistance, excellent weldability and workability. However, these materials usually exhibit insufficient yield strength to satisfy the requirement in service because of their face-centered cubic (fcc) structure. Here, we report a novel material design strategy of constructing both grain-scaled and atomic-scaled heterostructure through applying appropriate thermo-mechanical treatment to improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of HNASS. The optimal comprehensive mechanical properties with a yield strength of 1361 MPa and a uniform elongation of 10.6% are achieved. The results show that the ultrahigh yield strength mainly originates from the lath structure consisting of local chemical order domains (∼490 MPa), and the satisfactory ductility benefits from both deformation twinning and dislocation slip. This work proposes for the first time the strategy to improve mechanical properties of HNASS by introducing the multi-scaled heterostructure, and guides the development of high-performance steels and many other advanced fcc materials.

Sulfide-enhanced carboxymethyl cellulose stabilised nano zero-valent iron for chromium(VI) mitigation in water: Evidence from batch and column studies

The primary source of chromium pollution in water is industrial operations such as electroplating, leather tanning, and textile manufacture, which use chromium for its ability to resist corrosion. Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), the most detrimental variant, presents significant health hazards, such as cancer. It is crucial to effectively manage and decrease chromium levels to protect human and environmental health, especially in industrial regions where its presence in water is a persistent issue. This work examined the removal of Cr(VI) by sulfidated carboxymethyl cellulose stabilised nano zerovalent iron (S-CMC-nZVI). S-CMC-nZVI exhibited outstanding uniformity and corrosion resistance. Batch experiments revealed that several factors influenced the degree to which S-CMC-nZVI particles eradicated Cr(VI). The parameters to be considered included pH, initial Cr(VI) concentration, coexisting ions, and S/Fe molar ratio. When the sulfur to iron molar ratio was increased from 0 to 0.4, Cr(VI) removal efficiency increased from 73.89 % to 99 %. A pseudo-second-order kinetic model described Cr(VI) removal, and the Langmuir isotherm model determined the highest adsorptive capacity (311.02 mg/g). The presence of bicarbonate and nitrate anions have minimal inhibitory effects on removal of Cr(VI). Experiments on polluted groundwater showed that synthesised nanoparticles may remove Cr(VI) over a long time. Column investigations showed that increasing S-CMC-NZVI concentration increased Cr(VI) removal. The Adsorption, reduction and coprecipitation were major processes responsible for Cr(VI) removal. The research demonstrates that S-CMC-nZVI is a promising material for the in-situ remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater.