Output Power Of Photovoltaic Module Research Articles

Thermoelectrical Modeling of Wavelength Effects on Photovoltaic Module Performance—Part I: Model

A better understanding of the factors that affect the performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules will improve the design, optimization, and development of them. Researchers have introduced thermal models to predict module temperatures, and thermoelectrical models to study the interaction of electrical and thermal module characteristics. However, these models have relied on the assumption that the short-circuit current is proportional to the total incident irradiance, neglecting wavelength-specific effects. While it is true that the main input power to the PV module is the incident solar irradiance, various optical properties of module materials vary with wavelength. At each wavelength some energy is reflected, some is absorbed in the PV cells (contributing to electricity production), some is absorbed in other module materials, and some is transmitted through the module. A model capable of predicting this wavelength-specific behavior will generally allow a better assessment of the module performance especially when it is combined with subsystems such as optical filters. In this study, a wavelength-based thermoelectrical model is proposed to predict the PV module temperature and output power. A lab-built PV module is used to validate both the temperature and output power results. The predicted results are shown to agree with the experimental measurements.

Maximum Power Point Tracking of Solarex MSX PV Module System using FLC

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a technique that grid tie inverters, solar battery chargers and similar devices use to get the maximum possible power from one or more solar panels. In this paper the simulation result of the P&O algorithm and the conventional maximum power point tracking technique compared with Intelligent Control (fuzzy logic controller-FLC). In fact the target of this manuscript is study the effect of the environmental conditions like variation of solar intensity and temperature on output power of photovoltaic module. Solarex MSX-83 PV module and MATLAB/SIMULINK software are used for simulation. In this paper, the construction of stand-alone photovoltaic system consists of PV module, boost converter, maximum power point tracker and Pulse Width Modulator.

Singapore Modules - Optimised PV Modules for the Tropics

The sunbelt regions of the globe on either side of the equator represent a vast potential for the generation of photovoltaic (PV) electricity. However, PV modules deployed in tropical regions face a different set of environmental conditions than PV modules deployed in temperate regions where the majority of today's PV markets exist. The tropical climate poses several unique challenges for PV modules. High year-round humidity is the greatest threat to PV module durability, while high ambient temperatures and highly diffuse light conditions can negatively affect PV module output power. Given this situation, SERIS is undertaking a research project to develop “Singapore modules” which are specifically tailored to perform better and last longer in tropical climates. This paper presents an overview of the scope of the project, as well as first key findings and results. The first phase of the project involved a detailed study of the state of the art in today's PV module technologies. Ten different module technologies were chosen for evaluation, representing today's most commonly used PV technologies. These commercial modules were subjected to standard accelerated aging tests, as well as tightened accelerated aging tests to identify strengths and weaknesses of the various technologies. Outdoor performance monitoring of each module type is also on-going. The results obtained during the first phase of the project are being used to guide the development of Singapore modules. First prototype Singapore modules have been fabricated, and a 10 kWp testbedding system has been installed in Singapore.

Modeling the effect of voltage ripple on the power output of photovoltaic modules

This paper proposes a model for the static power loss in photovoltaic (PV) panels due to switching-frequency ripple. Small-signal modeling is used to determine the amplitude of the voltage ripple that is imposed on the PV panel, and a closed-form expression is developed for the output power. The expression is shown to be more accurate than the power loss that was predicted by small-signal modeling alone, resulting in a median error of 0.8%. The model presented allows dc-dc converter designers to more precisely choose the input filter components that are critical during times of low insolation.

단상 인버터를 이용한 새로운 태양광 에너지 변환 시스템 구현

본 논문은 새로운 태양광 에너지 변환 기술에 의한 연계형 단상 인버터 제어기술을 나타내었다. 최대전력 점 추적제어는 두 부스터 컨버터의 MOSFET 스위치 제어 발생회로에 기초하고 단상 인버터는 풀 브리지의 4개 IGBT 스위치에 의해 전류 추종제어 된다.<BR> PV 모듈의 발생전력 제어회로는 PV 모듈의 출력 전압, 전류 검출에 의해 최대전력 점 제어한다.<BR> 결국 PV 모듈 양단은 인버터 입력전압으로 낮은 리플 전압을 유지하고 출력은 증가한다.<BR> 제안한 태양광 인버터 시스템의 효과가 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통하여 입증되었다.

The Optimum Tilt Angles and Orientations of PV Claddings for Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) Applications

The tilt and azimuth angles of a photovoltaic (PV) array affect the amount of incident solar radiation exposed on the array. This paper develops a new mathematical model for calculating the optimum tilt angles and azimuth angles for building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) applications in Hong Kong on yearly, seasonal, and monthly bases. The influence of PV cladding orientation on the power output of PV modules is also investigated. The correlations between the optimum tilt angle and local weather conditions or local environmental conditions are investigated. The results give reasonable solutions for the optimum tilt angles for BIPV applications for both grid-connected and stand-alone systems.

A Study on Simulations of the Power Output and Practical Models for Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems

With the rapid increase in Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems and the popularity of photovoltaic (PV) applications, a simple but accurate model to calculate the power output of PV modules is crucial for evaluating systems. In addition, in the analysis of energy payback, two factors, the power output (maximum power output) model of PV modules and the representative local weather data, affect calculations of the energy savings and the payback time of BIPV systems. Most studies take the efficiency of PV modules as constant when calculating the energy payback time of PV systems, and ignore the influence of solar radiation and temperature on the results of the calculation. This study tries to develop one simple, practical, yet more accurate model for describing the characteristics of the power output of PV modules. It develops a model for describing the I-V characteristics of PV modules according to the equivalent circuits of solar cells, by which an accurate but complicated model of the maximum power output (MPO) can be achieved. Taking this MPO model as a benchmark, two other application models from other studies are evaluated and examined. One simplified application model for describing the maximum power output of PV modules is then derived from the results of the simulation. Once the solar radiation on PV panels and the ambient temperature are known, the power output of BIPV systems or PV systems can be calculated accurately and easily.

Generalized capacity factors for grid-intertie solar photovoltaic systems

We present a simple calculation and graphical procedure for direct determination of the annual capacity factor of no-storage grid-interie photovoltaic systems. This is applicable to the principal solar collector types and to a wide range of climates. This method provides “translation equations” for predicting both instantaneous power output (under any specified test conditions) and long-term average power output of photovoltaic modules from instantaneous measurements. Such a procedure, which we validate for one site only, should enable a designer to make accurate preliminary assessments concerning the suitability of potential sites and solar collector types by simple analytic calculations or, equivalent, by reading poinst off the graphs presented herein.