PV Panel Output Research Articles

An experimental validation of the effect of partial shade on the I-V characteristic of PV panel

Solar panels are gaining importance as the main alternative source of energy in the current conditions of non-renewable energy depletion. Solar panels are increasingly used in large- and small-scale installations. Partial shade is one of the problems that are faced in terrestrial applications of solar photovoltaic. The partial shading reduces the power output of a solar PV panel. This paper presents an experimental study carried out to illustrate the influence of partial shading on the electrical characteristics of a solar PV panel. Three different cases of shading as one cell, one branch, and one horizontal line are studied. Results showed that the power loss occurred as 74.42, 79.54, and 98.97% for a 100% shading rate of one cell, one branch, and one horizontal line, respectively.

Output-Feedback Nonlinear Adaptive Control Strategy of the Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System

This paper addresses the problem of controlling the single-phase grid connected to the photovoltaic system through a full bridge inverter with LCL-filter. The control aims are threefold: (i) imposing the voltage in the output of PV panel to track a reference provided by the MPPT block; (ii) regulating the DC-link voltage to guarantee the power exchange between the source and AC grid; (iii) ensuring a satisfactory power factor correction (PFC). The problem is dealt with using a cascade nonlinear adaptive controller that is developed making use of sliding-mode technique and observers in order to estimate the state variables and grid parameters, by measuring only the grid current, PV voltage, and the DC bus voltage. The control problem addressed by this work involves several difficulties, including the uncertainty of some parameters of the system and the numerous state variables are inaccessible to measurements. The results are confirmed by simulation under MATLAB∖Simulink∖SimPowerSystems, which show that the proposed regulator is robust with respect to climate changes.

A study on association between tilt angle, solar insolation exposure and output of solar PV panel using BIM 3D modelling

Solar PV has been used extensively in the construction industry as non-renewable energy is not environmentally friendly and is costly. Building Information Modelling (BIM) can incorporate the solar energy application to reduce the dependency of non-renewable energy. This study attempted to propose a model of solar analysis using BIM software on existing buildings at Padang Besar, in terms of best orientation and optimum tilt angle. The finding of July 2017 shows that the ideal orientation of solar panel installation for the building is tilted 10° North and 20° West. Analysis indicated that the higher solar irradiance harvested contributed towards higher generation of power. The use of BIM software incorporating fieldwork data proved to be more convenient compared to the conventional physical method in proposing options for solar panel installation. The finding from the solar analysis of the proposed model indicates that solar insolation exposure on the roof increased by 1.45% compared to the existing roof design. Therefore, it can increase the renewable energy potential in an effective way.

Performance Evaluation of PV Panel Under Dusty Condition

The performance of PV panel depends on the incoming sunlight on its surface. The accumulated airborne dust particles on panel surface creates a barrier in the path of sunlight and panel surface, which significantly reduces the amount of solar radiation falling on the panel surface. The present study shows a significant reduction in short circuit current and power output of PV panel due to dust deposition on its surface, whereas the reduction in open circuit voltage is not much prominent. This study has been carried in the field as well as in the laboratory. The reduction in maximum power output of PV panel for both the studies ensures a linear relation with the dust deposition on its surface. In the field study, the reduction in the power output due to 12.86gm of dust deposition on the panel surface was 43.18%, whereas in the laboratory study it was 44.75% due to 11gm of dust depositionArticle History: Received July 10th 2017; Received in revised form Sept 15th 2017x; Accepted 1st Oct 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Tripathi, A.K., Aruna, M. and Murthy, Ch.,S.N. (2017). Performance Evaluation of PV Panel Under Dusty Condition. International Journal of Renewable Energy Develeopment, 6(3), 225-233.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.225-233

Sliding ModeControl of Dc/Dc Switching Converters for Photovoltaic Applications P

Maintaining good voltage regulation at output and having fast dynamic response under sudden load fluctuation are extremely important in distributed generation (DG) as well as uninterrupted power supply (UPS) systems. This paper presents a fixed frequency hysteresis current (FFHC) controller, which is implemented on the basis of sliding mode control (SMC) technique and fixed frequency current controller with a hysteresis band. The controller has the benefit of hysteretic current control having fast dynamic responses and reduces the disadvantages of the variable switching frequency. To overcome elliptical sliding surface was taken. These has been verified and compared with the carrier based pulse width modulated (PWM) voltage controller under the same load fluctuation. The proposed method is then applied to islanded single phase voltage source inverter (VSI) system. The results show that the dynamic response is quite faster than that of widely used PWM-controlled inverter systems. The DC voltage that is required for the inverter input is supposed to be given from the output of PV panel with buck converter. In PV system ,sliding mode control is used to track the maximum power point .Here inverter and buck converter connected to PV array are taken separately.

The Impact of Using Solar Colored Filters to Cover the PV Panel in Its Outcomes

The solar radiation intensity is the primary parameter that affects the PV panel outcomes. However, the solar radiation has a group of wavelengths, and each one of them can influence the solar cell in a different way from other wavelengths. The spectrum wavelengths are related to the energy's frequencies. The present study aimed to find the wavelength/color that causes the highest PV panel outcome and the best electricity conversion. Seven colored filters were added once solo and once again combined but except one. The study results reveal that the PV panel output for the natural spectrum is the highest compared to the other colored light. This is almost certainly due to the loss of light intensity inherent to the tint of the color filters. The blue screen employment resulted in lowest output power compared to the other colored filter. The study results proved that the visible spectrum of the solar radiation affects the solar panel outcomes.

Super Lift DC-DC Luo Converter based VSI Fed Asynchronous Motor of a Standalone PV System

This paper offers the analysis of super lift DC-DC Luo converter under the various irradiation of the PV system for driving asynchronous motor with the help of closed loop PI controller based voltage source inverter. In order to track the maximum output power from the PV panel, the INC Maximum power point tracking algorithm is also implemented along with the Super lift DC-DC Luo Converter. The maximum power point tracking of the PV output for all climatic conditions is a key aspect to maximize the efficiency of the PV panel output for successful PV applications. So this proposed method is designed and analyzed for changing climatic condition to drive variable speed asynchronous motor using pulse width modulated voltage source inverter in closed loop control. The Photo Voltaic output voltage, converter voltage and motor speed has been recorded and analyzed by using MATLAB/Simulink software.

Enhancing the Performance of Photovoltaic Panel by Proper Washing Periods in Kuwait

Dust and impurity accumulation has a significant effect on the efficiency and performance of PV panel output power. It influences the transmittance of solar radiation from the PV panels surface. Scheduling weekly or monthly cleaning periods requires complete knowledge of area’s weather and environmental condition. In this study, an experimental-based investigation is conducted aiming for a proper scheduling cleaning periods by comparing the output power efficiency of two identical PV panels, the first being cleaned daily and the other cleaned monthly. Both are exposed to unstable weather condition with Sarayat season in April and May, winter and summer Shamal of Kuwait for one year. The results indicated a significant degradation of PV panel output power in April, May, October and December. A need for frequent weekly water washing is a necessity to maintain the power efficiency loss of 15.07%, 13.74%, 10.685% and 8.742% respectively, and frequent monthly water washing for the remaining months of the year.

A Novel Approach for Ramp-Rate Control of Solar PV Using Energy Storage to Mitigate Output Fluctuations Caused by Cloud Passing

The variability of solar irradiance with a high ramp-rate, caused by cloud passing, can create fluctuation in the PV output. In a weak distribution grid with a high PV penetration, this can create significant voltage fluctuations. Energy storage devices are used to smooth out the fluctuation using traditional moving average control. However, moving average does not control the ramp-rate directly; rather the ramp-rate depends on previous values of PV output. This paper proposes a strategy where the ramp-rate of PV panel output is used to control the PV inverter ramp-rate to a desired level by deploying energy storage (which can be available for other purposes, such as storing surplus power, countering voltage rise, etc.). During the ramping event, the desired ramp-rate is governed by controlling the energy storage based on an inverse relationship with the PV panel output ramp-rate to improve the fluctuation mitigation performance. In contrast to the moving average method, the proposed strategy is able to control the desired ramp-rate independent of the past history of the PV panel output. A dynamic model of the PV-storage integrated system is developed to verify the proposed strategy in the presence of physical device time lags. The proposed strategy is verified using simulation results based on an Australian distribution system. A laboratory experiment is also conducted to validate the concept of the proposed control strategy.

Implementation of an Embedded Controlled High Efficiency Improved Boost Converter for Solar Installation System

Nowadays solar power generation is considered the best one compared to the conventional power generation system because it is clean and does not emit hard gases to the environment. This paper proposes a new topology for photovoltaic DC to DC converter with high gain and efficiency under wide input voltage range. The topology study of open loop and closed loop systems with high gain step-up conversion and step increase in input voltage are proposed. An improved DC to DC boost converter is modelled and simulated using matlab and it is implemented using embedded controller. This converter provides the constant output voltage irrespective of the PV panel output and load. The simulation and experimental results of this system are presented and compared. The performance of the converter is also compared with the conventional boost converter. This comparison reveals that the proposed converter system has the advantages of high gain and high efficiency with the minimum number of components.