Outgoing Line Research Articles

Soliton solutions of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II equation

We study a general class of line-soliton solutions of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II (KPII) equation by investigating the Wronskian form of its tau-function. We show that, in addition to the previously known line soliton solutions of KPII, this class also contains a large variety of multisoliton solutions, many of which exhibit nontrivial spatial interaction patterns. We also show that, in general, such solutions consist of unequal numbers of incoming and outgoing line solitons. From the asymptotic analysis of the tau function, we explicitly characterize the incoming and outgoing line solitons of this class of solutions. We illustrate these results by discussing several examples.

Cancellation of loudspeaker words in speech recognition

A voice recognition system for use with a communication system having an incoming line carrying an incoming signal from a first end to a second end operably attached to a speaker and the outgoing line carrying an outgoing signal from a microphone near the speaker. A first speech recognition unit (SRU) detects selected incoming words and a second SRU detect outgoing words. A comparator/signal generator compares the outgoing word with the incoming word and outputs the outgoing word when the outgoing word does not match the incoming word. The first SRU may be delayed relative to the second SRU. The SRU's may also search only for selected words in template, or may ignore words which are first detected by the other SRU. A signaler may also provide a signal indicating inclusion of one of the selected words in a known incoming signal with an SRU being responsive to that signal to ignore the included one command word in the template for a selected period of time.

Performance evaluation of an M/1-stage in an ATM switching element

The M/1-stage studied in this paper consists of M incoming lines who share a bus for the transmission of packets to an outgoing line. The capacity of the bus is δ times higher than the speed of the incoming lines. The internal buffering is achieved by a common output buffer at the end of the bus, and by providing the crosspoints with small input buffers. The system is modeled as a finite capacity multi-queueing system with non-renewal input and cyclic non-exhaustive service discipline. The input processes belong to a class of tractable Markovian arrival processes (MAPs) introduced by Lucantoni, Meier-Hellstern and Neuts (1990), allowing the model to include bursty input traffic. Each buffer in the system is studied approximately by means of a finite capacity queue with repeated server vacations and limited service discipline, resulting in several performance measures of the system: the queue length distribution at an arbitrary time instant and at arrival instants for each queue, the loss probability of an arriving cell, the LST of the waiting time of an arriving cell. These results can be used to chose an optimal value for the factor δ, together with an accurate dimensioning of the buffers in the M/1-stage, in order to minimize the chip size and such that the required performances (cell delay, delay jitter, cell loss) are guaranteed.

Analysis of vehicle behavior at a merging section of APM system with different strategies

This paper considers the merging section of an APM (automated people mover), which is an approach to the new traffic system. The behavior of the vehicles at the merging section is modeled, and the situation, when different strategies are adopted, is analyzed using the technique of Markov chain. An APM system is considered, where the vehicles in the system do not always run individually, but sometimes run in the form of a train. This paper attempts to point out the essential dependencies of the vehicle behavior on the control strategy. It is assumed that the vehicles arrive individually. The basic idea of the control strategy is that the individually incoming vehicles are connected at the merging section. Thus the vehicle capacity of the outgoing line from the merging section is equivalently increased. As the result of analysis, the relations among the arriving traffic of the vehicles in two incoming lines, the average waiting time of the vehicles in the individual lines, the average number of connected vehicles in a train, and the density of train operations are derived explicitly. The dependencies of the average waiting time of the vehicle and the outflow traffic density of the train on different control strategies are examined.

Swedish dioxin survey

The National Environmental Protection Board has received funding from the Swedish government for a broad survey to determine sources and environmental levels of highly toxic organic contaminants, especially dioxins. The funding covers administration, sampling and analyses over a two and a half year period. No plans have yet been made for the time after this period. The survey will include analyses of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in air, water, sediment, products, combustion emissions, food and biological samples. A few analyses will also include polybrominated equivalents as well as dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and polychlorinated naphthalenes. Other substances of interest may come to our attention during the project. Biological test methods such as ethoxyresorfin O-deethylase (EROD) and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) induction and the Ah receptor test will complement the chemical analyses. The results of analyses will be made available in a database with a direct out-going telephone line.

Output‐buffer switch architecture for asynchronous transfer mode

AbstractThis paper proposes a new asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switch architecture for the broadband ISDN. The ATOM switch ATM output‐buffer modular switch has a multi‐stage network structure, and is highly modular to facilitate capacity expansion. The ATOM switch element is of the output‐buffer type with a time‐division multiplexed bus and FIFO buffer for each outgoing line. Bit‐slice techniques are used to implement the high‐speed time‐division bus and buffer memories. The output buffer switch has the advantages of no throughput degradation since internal contention is eliminated, and a simple control structure for providing priority and multi‐point connections. This paper also deals with switching delay and buffer overflow probabilities for mixed (bursty and non‐bursty) traffic.

An ATM self‐routeing switch architecture

AbstractThis paper describes a new ATM self‐routeing switch architecture for integrated voice, video and data communications. The proposed switch consists of multi‐stage circulated shift registers and output buffers and uses the difference between incoming and outgoing line numbers as a routeing header. Every cell with a routeing header is easily, routed to its destination line with no contention in the switch. Point‐to‐multipoint connections can also be provided without additional complicated hardware. The routeing algorithm, switching mechanism and applications of the proposed switch are discussed.

D/G/1 Queues with Vacations

Many data switching systems have processors with arrival streams of regularly spaced tasks (e.g., individual bytes) requiring attention (e.g., directing the bytes to the appropriate outgoing line). In many of these systems the processor might also be required to handle other jobs (small maintenance routines or secondary tasks that await service in one or more other queues) as well. From the point of view of the primary queue of tasks, the processor ceases its service and takes a vacation. The performance of such a system is determined in part by the processor service schedule. In this paper, we define and analyze a model for investigating the waiting time probability distribution at the primary queue in terms of the primary task arrival rate, the service time distribution for the primary tasks, the probability distribution of the vacation duration, and the processor's service schedule. In addition, we discuss two characteristics of systems of this type that may have important design implications: (i) the steady-state waiting time probability distribution might be dependent upon the initial state of the system; and (ii) the waiting time might not decrease if the service time of the system decreases.

Analysis of commutation of a current-source inverter feeding an induction motor, using 2-axis variables

Based on a 2-axis model, a closed-form expression is derived for the current during commutation in the outgoing line of a current-source inverter-fed induction motor. The machine parameters and capacitor voltages affect the variation. Using the currents during commutating and noncommutating periods in a one-sixth cycle, the performance of the induction motor is determined. The computed performance is experimentally verified and the equations are found to give satisfactory results.

Plug-in relay

The invention discloses a plug-in relay, which comprises a relay cover and an excitation coil, wherein two outgoing line ends of the excitation coil are cast inside the relay cover with high-temperature insulating materials, a bayonet socket extends out from the outer side of the relay cover, two contact pins are arranged in the bayonet socket, and are both electrically connected with two out-going line ends of the excitation coil through connecting plates, the connecting plates are cast inside the relay cover, the excitation coil of the plug-in relay is externally connected in a plug-in way. By casting the two out-going line ends of the excitation coil on the relay cover with the high-temperature insulating materials and electrically connecting the two contact pins of the bayonet socket with the two outgoing line ends of the excitation coil, not only the structure is simple, but also the connection is convenient and fast, and the waterproof and shockproof reliability is obviously improved.

Q Circles-A Means of Analysis of Resonant Microwave Systems

A new circle diagram is presented for systems having an isolated single resonant mode, in addition to frequency-insensitive structures of arbitrary complexities, and ending in an outgoing wave guide or other transmission line. The diagram is obtained from standing-wave measurements in the outgoing line performed at three or more frequencies near resonance. The diagram permits the mapping, in the complex plane of load impedances or reflection coefficients, of such contour lines as loaded-resonator Q, frequency pulling, and the circuit efficiency when the resonator is electronically excited. The proof of these relations, as given in Part II (to be published in a subsequent issue), rests on field theory and establishes in effect the use of general circuit methods in the realm of microwave applications.