Outcome Of Hip Fracture Patients Research Articles

Twelve-month mortality and functional outcomes in hip fracture patients under 65 years of age

IntroductionThere has been a recent call for improved functional outcome reporting in younger hip fracture patients. Younger hip fracture patients represent a different population with different functional goals to their older counterparts. Therefore, previous research on mortality and functional outcomes in hip fracture patients may not be generalisable to the younger population. The aims of this study were to report 12-month survival and functional outcomes in hip fracture patients aged <65 years and predictors of functional outcome. MethodsHip fracture patients aged <65years (range 17–64) registered by the Victorian Orthopaedic Trauma Outcomes Registry over four years were included and their 12-month survival and functional outcomes (Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale) reported. Ordered multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of higher function. ResultsThere were 507 patients enrolled in the study and of the 447 patients (88%) with 12-month outcomes, 24 (5%) had died. The majority of patients had no comorbidities or pre-injury disability and were injured via road trauma or low falls. 40% of patients sustained additional injuries to their hip fracture. 23% of patients had fully recovered at 12 months and 39% reported ongoing moderate disability. After adjusting for all key variables, odds of better function 12-months post-fracture were reduced for patients with co-morbidities, previous disability or additional injuries, those receiving compensation or injured via low falls. ConclusionsWhile 12-month survival rates were satisfactory in hip fracture patients aged under 65 years, their functional outcomes were poor, with less than one quarter having fully recovered 12 months following injury. This study provides new information about which patients may have difficulty returning to their pre-injury level of function. These patients may require additional or more intensive post-discharge care in order to fulfil their functional goals and continue to contribute productively to society.

Older patients' perception of their own capacity to regain pre-fracture function after hip fracture surgery – an explorative qualitative study

Aims and objectivesTo explore healthy older patients' perceptions of their own capacity to regain pre-fracture function in the acute phase following hip fracture surgery. BackgroundThe incidence of hip fractures is expected to increase. In Sweden, of the patients who sustain a hip fracture, 40 per cent are healthy and lived independently pre fracture. However, a hip fracture often results in declined functional outcomes for 40 per cent of these patients. DesignThe study had an explorative inductive qualitative design. MethodsSemi-structured interviews (n = 30) were conducted two to five days after hip fracture surgery. Data were analysed using manifest inductive content analysis. ResultsAs a description of patients' perception of their own capacity to regain pre-fracture function after a hip fracture, one main category emerged: To end up in a new situation with or without control. Patients expressed that they believed in recovery and thought nothing would be altered. However, since they had to adapt to the ward culture at the acute hospital, they became passive and became insecure about their future life situation. ConclusionThe attitudes of staff at the acute hospital can influence the outcome for hip fracture patients. Patients believe in recovery but do not receive psychological support to regain physical capacity.

Which frailty measure is a good predictor of early post-operative complications in elderly hip fracture patients?

Current pre-operative assessment using, e.g., American Society of Anaesthesiologists score does not accurately predict post-operative outcomes following hip fracture. The multidimensional aspect of frailty syndrome makes it a better predictor of post-operative outcomes in hip fracture patients. We aim to discover which frailty measure is more suitable for prediction of early post-operative outcomes in hip fracture patients. Hundred consecutive hip fracture patients seen by the orthogeriatric service were included. We collected baseline demographic, functional and comorbidity data. In addition to ASA, a single blinded rater measured frailty using two scales (i) modified fried criteria (MFC) and (ii) reported edmonton frail scale (REFS). The MFC adopted a surrogate gait speed measure with two questions: (i) Climbing one flight of stairs and (ii) Ability to walk 1km in the last 2weeks. Immediate post-operative complications during the inpatient stay were taken as the primary outcome measure. Subjects had mean age of 79.1±9.6years. Sixty six percent were female and 87% of Chinese ethnicity. Eighty two percent had surgery, of which 37.8% (n=31) had post-operative complications. Frailty, measured by MFC (OR 4.46, p=0.04) and REFS (OR 6.76, p=0.01) were the only significant predictors of post-operative complications on univariate analyses. In the hierarchical logistic regression model, only REFS (OR 3.42, p=0.04) predicted early post-operative complications. At 6months follow-up, REFS significantly predicted [basic activities of daily living (BADL)] function on the multivariable logistic regression models. (BADL, OR 6.19, p=0.01). Frailty, measured by the REFS is a good predictor of early post-operative outcomes in our pilot study of older adults undergoing hip surgery. It is also able to predict 6months BADL function. We intend to review its role in longer-term post-operative outcomes and validate its potential role in pre-operative assessment of older adults undergoing hip surgery.

Hip fracture programs: are they effective?

This manuscript will evaluate the published evidence on efficacy of organized hip fracture programs to determine if they improve patient outcomes. A detailed literature search was conducted to find manuscripts published in the past 20 years about organized hip fracture care programs. Seventeen programs with published results were identified from this detailed search and these were evaluated and synthesized in the following manuscript.Organized hip fracture programs offer significant benefits to patients, care providers and health systems. The more complex program designs have a more profound effect on improvement in outcomes for hip fracture patients. Most programs have reported reduced length of stay, reduced in-hospital mortality rates, and reduced complications. Some programs have reported reduced costs and reduced readmission rates after implementing an organized hip fracture program.

Rehabilitation Outcomes of Hip Fracture Patients in a Rehabilitation Hospital

Rehabilitation Outcomes of Hip Fracture Patients in a Rehabilitation Hospital

Geriatric orthopedic co-management of older adults with hip fracture: an emerging standard.

Hip fracture, a common complication of fall injuries in older adults, often results in high rate of mortality, increased debility, functional loss, and worse quality of life. The value of geriatric teams and model of care for the hip fracture patients have been examined in a number of studies, and even though most studies have demonstrated potential impact in improving outcomes for the hip fracture patients, they are often observational or quasi-experimental designs that are prone to bias. In this editorial, we review the Lancet article by Prestmo and colleagues, a randomized controlled trial that demonstrated improved outcomes for hip fracture patients managed in a geriatric unit.

High mortality and poor morbidity after hip fracture in patients with previous vertebral fractures.

Although vertebral fracture in patients is a predictor of subsequent hip fracture, no study has assessed the mortality and functional outcome in hip fracture patients with previous vertebral fracture. Between September 2009 and December 2012, we evaluated 246 patients over 50-years-of-age diagnosed with femoral neck or intertrochanteric fractures who underwent surgery. The patients were categorized into two groups and two subgroups. Group Ia comprised 150 patients with previous vertebral fracture at the time of hip fracture. Group Ib comprised 96 patients with no vertebral fracture. Group IIa consisted of 76 patients <80-years-of-age with previous vertebral fracture. Group IIb comprised 69 patients <80-years-of-age without previous vertebral fracture. The mortality rate and functional outcome of osteoporotic hip fracture patients with and without vertebral fractures were compared. The cumulative mortality rate at 6 and 12months post-fracture was 19 and 23% in Group Ia and 6 and 7% in Group Ib, respectively. In subgroup analysis, the cumulative mortality rate at 6 and 12months was 13 and 17% in Group IIa and 3 and 4% in Group IIb, respectively. Shut-in patients at the final follow-up included 51 of 103 (49.5%) patients in Group Ia and 19 of 83 (22.9%) patients in Group Ib. In subgroup analysis, the shut-in patients included 18 of 58 (31.0%) patients in Group IIa and 10 of 62 (16.1%) patients in Group IIb. Previous vertebral fracture was associated with a poor functional outcome and increased mortality in patients with hip fracture.

Non-Weight-Bearing Status Compromises the Functional Level Up to 1 yr After Hip Fracture Surgery

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of weight-bearing (WB) status after hip fracture surgery on 1-yr functional outcome. This was a prospective cohort study, carried out in a public acute hospital trauma service. The 194 patients (36 men and 158 women), with a mean (SD) age of 81.4 (6.1) yrs, were admitted with a hip fracture within 2009 and were followed for 1 yr thereafter. The influence of postoperative WB status on the 1-yr functional outcome was assessed using the Functional Independence Measure (18-126 points), adjusting for other known factors by multiple linear regression. Seventy-five patients (39%) were not allowed WB for a period of 2-4 wks after surgery. Improved functional outcomes were associated positively with prefracture functional level and having a trochanteric fracture during the first year after fracture (P ≤ 0.01). Non-WB status, age, health status, and cognitive impairment of the patient were associated negatively with the 1-yr functional outcome (P ≤ 0.03). Prefracture functional level and non-WB status were the strongest determinants of functional level (β = 0.599 and -0.204, respectively; P < 0.001). WB status after surgery, in addition to prefracture function, cognitive status, health status, age and fracture type, was found to be an independent predictor of the 1-yr functional outcome in hip fracture patients.

Determinants of functional outcome in hip fracture patients: the role of specific neuropsychiatric symptoms

Background: The correlation between single neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional outcome in hip fracture patients is little investigated in the literature, and it is not yet established which neuropsychiatric symptoms are the most important determinants of functional outcome. Aim: To determine which neuropsychiatric symptoms are the most important determinants of functional outcome. Methods: This prospective study was carried out in 204 consecutive patients with primary diagnosis of hip fracture admitted to our Rehabilitation Unit for a course of rehabilitation. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were assessed at admission with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Outcome measures of rehabilitation were: final score, efficiency and effectiveness in motor-Functional Independence Measure (motor-FIM), and discharge destination. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationship between NPI variables and the outcome measures, while backward stepwise regression was used to identify determinants of the outcome measures. Results: Pearson's correlation showed that night-time behavior disturbances were related to all outcome measures, while agitation, depression, elation, apathy, disinhibition and irritability were significantly related to motor-FIM outcomes. At multivariate regression analysis agitation was the only determinant of final motor-FIM score, while irritability was the only determinant of efficiency and effectiveness in motor-FIM score. No neuropsychiatric symptom was a determinant of discharge destination. Conclusions: This study highlights that in hip fracture patients there are relationships between specific neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional outcome. Among the neuropsychiatric symptoms, irritability and agitation are the most important. They are associated to poor functional outcome and are the only determinants of motor-FIM outcome measures.Implications for RehabilitationRelationships between specific neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional outcome have not been clearly described in hip fracture patients.Irritability and agitation have been shown to have the strongest relationship with poor functional outcomes.Appropriate identification, assessment and treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms may be useful to physicians for the management of hip fracture patients.

Depressive symptoms impact functional outcome in hip fracture patients

Depressive symptoms impact functional outcome in hip fracture patients

Orthogeriatric Care Models and Outcomes in Hip Fracture Patients

Hip fractures are common, morbid, and costly health events that threaten independence and function of older patients. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if orthogeriatric collaboration models improve outcomes. Articles in English and Spanish languages were searched in the electronic databases including MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Registry from 1992 to 2012. Studies were included if they described an inpatient multidisciplinary approach to hip fracture management involving an orthopaedic surgeon and a geriatrician. Studies were grouped into 3 following categories: routine geriatric consultation, geriatric ward with orthopaedic consultation, and shared care. After independent review of 1480 citations by 2 authors, 18 studies (9094 patients) were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria. In-hospital mortality, length of stay, and long-term mortality outcomes were collected. A random effects model meta-analysis determined whether orthogeriatric collaboration was associated with improved outcomes. The overall meta-analysis found that orthogeriatric collaboration was associated with a significant reduction of in-hospital mortality [relative risk 0.60; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.43-0.84) and long-term mortality (relative risk 0.83; 95% CI, 0.74-0.94). Length of stay (standardized mean difference -0.25; 95% CI, -0.44 to -0.05) was significantly reduced, particularly in the shared care model (standardized mean difference -0.61; 95% CI, -0.95 to -0.28), but heterogeneity limited this interpretation. Other variables such as time to surgery, delirium, and functional status were measured infrequently. This meta-analysis supports orthogeriatric collaboration to improve mortality after hip repair. Further study is needed to determine the best model of orthogeriatric collaboration and if these partnerships improve functional outcomes.

Hypothermia and Low Body Temperature are Common and Associated with High Mortality in Hip Fracture Patients

Hip fractures remain one of the commonest injuries treated by orthopaedic surgeons. Despite recent initiatives, the fracture engenders a very high mortality. The UK National Hip Fracture Database reports a 30-day mortality of 8%. The pathophysiology that results in such high mortality remains imperfectly understood. The significance of thermal dysregulation in polytrauma is becoming increasingly recognised. Hypothermia is a common feature of polytrauma and is associated with adverse outcomes. No previous studies have explored the prevalence and outcomes of hip fracture patients with hypothermia and/or low body temperature. We sought to evaluate this. We prospectively collected the demographic details and admission tympanic temperature of all patients presenting to our institution with hip fracture. Patient mortality was also recorded. Seven hundred and eighty-one patients were included. The mean age was 80 years. 38% (300) had a temperature below 36.5°C. 4% (30) presented with a tympanic temperature greater than 37.5°C. The 30-day mortality for patients with a normal admission temperature (between 36.5° and 37.5°C) was 5.1%. This value was 15.3% for those whose admission temperature was less than 36.5°C (p<0.0001). Correcting for potential confounders of age and gender, those with an admission temperature of less than 36.5°C had a 2.8 fold increase in the odds of mortality at 30-days compared with those with an admission temperature of between 36.5° and 37.5°C (p<0.0005). Low body temperature is strongly linked to 30-day mortality in hip fracture patients.

Gender differences in functional outcome of elderly hip fracture patients

The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether gender might affect functional outcome of hip fractured patients undergoing in-hospital rehabilitation. This was a retrospective chart review study comprising of 759 consecutive elderly patients suffering traumatic hip fracture. All patients underwent a standard orthogeriatric care of surgical hip repair and post-acute rehabilitation care. Functional outcome (female vs male gender) was assessed by motor and total Functional Independence Measurement (FIM) scores on discharge. Data was analyzed by t-tests χ(2) -test and multiple linear regression analyses. A total of 574 (75.6%) out of all patients were females. There were no differences in admission FIM scores; however, male patients had a higher prevalence of comorbidities. FIM scores on discharge were higher in female patients (motor FIM, P=0.007; motor FIM gain, P=0.001; compared with males). A multiple linear regression analysis showed that female gender was independently associated with higher total FIM at discharge (β coefficient=0.056, P=0.008), higher motor FIM at discharge (β coefficient=0.071, P=0.007) and higher total FIM gain at discharge (β coefficient=0.11, P=0.008). The findings suggest that absolute discharge FIM scores of females are higher, compared with male patients. After adjusting for possible covariates, female gender still emerged as an independent predictor for higher FIM at discharge, suggesting that male gender should be considered as adversely affecting rehabilitation outcome of hip fracture male patients.

'Do Not Attempt Resuscitation' (DNAR) decisions in patients with femoral fractures: modification, clinical management and outcome

increased provision of orthogeriatric expertise for patients with femoral fractures has led to implementation of 'Do Not Attempt Resuscitation' (DNAR) decisions prior to anaesthesia and surgery for fixation of their fractures. Review and modification of the DNAR decision by the medical team is necessary before surgery and is recommended by guidelines from the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (AAGBI) and the General Medical Council. over a 17-month period, DNAR decisions were already present or were implemented for the first time in 22 patients prior to scheduled surgical fixation of their femoral fractures. Data were collected prospectively on each patient's management, including modification of their DNAR decision, and outcome at 30 days and 1 year. two patients died prior to surgery. In eight of the 20 patients who underwent surgical fixation, there was no documentation regarding the status of the DNAR decision in the perioperative period. The 30-day mortality rate for those undergoing surgery was 15% (3/20). At 1 year, eight patients survived with six living in their own homes. despite the favourable outcomes for hip fracture patients with pre-existing DNAR decisions, this audit showed inadequate review and documentation of the DNAR decision in advance of surgery.

Cost-effectiveness of nutritional intervention in elderly subjects after hip fracture. A randomized controlled trial

SummaryHip fracture patients can benefit from nutritional supplementation during their recovery. Up to now, cost-effectiveness evaluation of nutritional intervention in these patients has not been performed. Costs of nutritional intervention are relatively low as compared with medical costs. Cost-effectiveness evaluation shows that nutritional intervention is likely to be cost-effective.IntroductionPrevious research on the effect of nutritional intervention on clinical outcome in hip fracture patients yielded contradictory results. Cost-effectiveness of nutritional intervention in these patients remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate cost-effectiveness of nutritional intervention in elderly subjects after hip fracture from a societal perspective.MethodsOpen-label, multi-centre randomized controlled trial investigating cost-effectiveness of intensive nutritional intervention comprising regular dietetic counseling and oral nutritional supplementation for 3 months postoperatively. Patients allocated to the control group received care as usual. Costs, weight and quality of life were measured at baseline and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated for weight at 3 months and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) at 6 months postoperatively.ResultsOf 152 patients enrolled, 73 were randomized to the intervention group and 79 to the control group. Mean costs of the nutritional intervention was 613 Euro. Total costs and subcategories of costs were not significantly different between both groups. Based on bootstrapping of ICERs, the nutritional intervention was likely to be cost-effective for weight as outcome over the 3-month intervention period, regardless of nutritional status at baseline. With QALYs as outcome, the probability for the nutritional intervention being cost-effective was relatively low, except in subjects aged below 75 years.ConclusionIntensive nutritional intervention in elderly hip fracture patients is likely to be cost-effective for weight but not for QALYs. Future cost-effectiveness studies should incorporate outcome measures appropriate for elderly patients, such as functional limitations and other relevant outcome parameters for elderly.

Is pre-fracture functional status better than cognitive level in predicting short-term outcome of elderly hip fracture patients?

IntroductionThe aim of the study was to determine to what extent severe cognitive impairment impacts short-term rehabilitation outcomes of elderly patients with proximal hip fracture.Material and methodsA total of 337 community-dwelling elderly patients with acute hip fracture were observed during a 12-month period at a major teaching hospital in Serbia. Cognitive status was assessed at admission with the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). Outcome after 4 months was analysed with respect to presence of severe cognitive impairment, defined as an SPMSQ score of < 3. Outcome assessment included presence of postoperative complications, absolute motor Functional Independence Measure (FIM) gain, Activities of Daily Living index (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living score (IADL), and walking ability.ResultsAn SPMSQ score of < 3 was observed in 36 patients (10.7%) with acute hip fracture. Patients with an SPMSQ score of < 3 achieved worse short-term outcomes regarding all observed variables. However, cognitive status was found to be an independent predictor only with respect to mortality at 4 months (odds ratio (OR) = 0.969, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.947-0.992, p = 0.009). In contrast, pre-fracture motor FIM independently predicted mortality (OR = 2.982, 95% CI = 1.271-7.000, p = 0.012), and preserved walking ability at 4 months follow-up (OR = 0.945, 95% CI = 0.912-0.980, p = 0.002). Correspondingly, pre-fracture ADL was an independent predictor of absolute motor FIM gain at 4 months follow-up (OR = 0.175, 95% CI = 0.405-11.426, p = 0.035).ConclusionsFailure to consider functional status prior to fracture might overestimate the impact of cognitive status on functional outcome of hip fracture patients.

Outcome in hip fracture patients related to anemia at admission and allogeneic blood transfusion: an analysis of 1262 surgically treated patients

BackgroundAnemia is more often seen in older patients. As the mean age of hip fracture patients is rising, anemia is common in this population. Allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) and anemia have been pointed out as possible risk factors for poorer outcome in hip fracture patients.MethodsIn the timeframe 2005-2010, 1262 admissions for surgical treatment of a hip fracture in patients aged 65 years and older were recorded. Registration was prospective from 2008 on. Anemic and non-anemic patients (based on hemoglobin level at admission) were compared regarding clinical characteristics, mortality, delirium incidence, LOS, discharge to a nursing home and the 90-day readmission rate. Receiving an ABT, age, gender, ASA classification, type of fracture and anesthesia were used as possible confounders in multivariable regression analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of anemia and the rate of ABT both were 42.5%. Anemic patients were more likely to be older and men and had more often a trochanteric fracture, a higher ASA score and received more often an ABT. In univariate analysis, the 3- and 12-month mortality rate, delirium incidence and discharge to a nursing home rate were significantly worse in preoperatively anemic patients.In multivariable regression analysis, anemia at admission was a significant risk factor for discharge to a nursing home and readmission < 90 days, but not for mortality. Indication for ABT, age and ASA classification were independent risk factors for mortality at all moments, only the mortality rate for the 3-12 month interval was not influenced by ABT. An indication for an ABT was the largest negative contributor to a longer LOS (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.73-2.94) and the second largest for delirium (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.28-2.20).ConclusionsThis study has demonstrated that anemia at admission and postoperative anemia needing an ABT (PANT) were independent risk factors for worse outcome in hip fracture patients. In multivariable regression analysis, anemia as such had no effect on mortality, due to a rescue effect of PANT. In-hospital, 3- and 12-month mortality was negatively affected by PANT, with the main effect in the first 3 months postoperatively.

Effect of in-hospital comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in older people with hip fracture. The protocol of the Trondheim Hip Fracture Trial

BackgroundHip fractures in older people are associated with high morbidity, mortality, disability and reduction in quality of life. Traditionally people with hip fracture are cared for in orthopaedic departments without additional geriatric assessment. However, studies of postoperative rehabilitation indicate improved efficiency of multidisciplinary geriatric rehabilitation as compared to traditional care. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to investigate whether an additional comprehensive geriatric assessment of hip fracture patients in a special orthogeriatric unit during the acute in-hospital phase may improve outcomes as compared to treatment as usual in an orthopaedic unit.Methods/designThe intervention of interest, a comprehensive geriatric assessment is compared with traditional care in an orthopaedic ward. The study includes 401 home-dwelling older persons >70 years of age, previously able to walk 10 meters and now treated for hip fracture at St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. The participants are enrolled and randomised during the stay in the Emergency Department. Primary outcome measure is mobility measured by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) at 4 months after surgery. Secondary outcomes measured at 1, 4 and 12 months postoperatively are place of residence, activities of daily living, balance and gait, falls and fear of falling, quality of life and depressive symptoms, as well as use of health care resources and survival.DiscussionWe believe that the design of the study, the randomisation procedure and outcome measurements will be of sufficient strength and quality to evaluate the impact of comprehensive geriatric assessment on mobility and other relevant outcomes in hip fracture patients.Trials registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00667914

Outcomes of elderly hip fracture patients in the Swiss healthcare system

PROBLEM AND QUESTIONS: The consequences for elderly patients with hip fractures are well known. In Switzerland, the introduction of diagnosis related groups (DRG) will bring additional challenges. New models of care, such as Geriatric Fracture Centres (GFC), may be the key to minimising negative outcomes. This study documents outcomes of hip fracture patients in the Swiss healthcare system, for use as baseline data prior to DRG- and GFC-implementation, and compares them to results reported in the literature, for example by Cooper (1997). This was a prospective cohort quality assurance survey with a one-year follow-up. Outcomes were mortality, living situation, required support and mobility. All patients 65 years of age or older with a proximal femoral fracture were included. Data were analysed by descriptive and interferential statistics. From 272 patients, 70% were community dwelling pre-fracture. Overall, one-year mortality was 22%. Pre-fracture community dwelling patients had better outcomes than nursing home patients with a one-year mortality rate of 12%. A total of 83% of pre-fracture community dwelling patients still lived in the community after one year but more needed help with activities of daily living (ADL) or mobility. Patients with dementia, ADL- and mobility dependency pre-fracture were significantly more at risk for being newly admitted to a nursing home. Our results reflect the clinical reality of the hip fracture population in Switzerland. Results one year after fracture were comparable to study findings in different health care systems. Our findings provide important baseline data prior to the implementation of DRG and GFC.

Clock drawing and rehabilitation outcome in hip fracture patients

Purpose. To assess the relationship between the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) and rehabilitation outcome in hip fracture patients within normal range of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).Methods. This retrospective study was performed in a post-acute geriatric rehabilitation centre. One hundred and forty-two patients with proximal hip fracture admitted from January 2006 to June 2008 whose MMSE scores was within normal range (>23) were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to CDT performance (impaired versus intact). The differences between the two groups in relation to age, gender, education level, living arrangement, pre fracture functional level, fracture type, and outcome measurements [Functional Independent Measure (FIM), motor FIM, Rate of in-hospital Improvement (RI) in FIM and motor FIM, and Length of Stay (LOS)] were assessed.Results. Discharge FIM score and motor FIM scores were significantly lower for the impaired CDT group (89 ± 13.7 vs. 94.9 ± 11.6, p = 0.007; 61.6 ± 11.1 vs. 65.7 ± 9.6, p = 0.022 respectively); LOS was significantly longer (28.2 ± 7.9 vs. 25.3 ± 8.5, p = 0.033) and rates of improvement in FIM and motor FIM were significantly slower (0.62 ± 0.35 vs. 0.77 ± 0.45, p = 0.036; 0.61 ± 0.34 vs. 0.75 ± 0.42, p = 0.033, respectively). Nevertheless, FIM and motor FIM scores changes were similar in both CDT groups. Following adjustment for age, LOS of patients with impaired CDT was significantly longer (p = .027).Conclusions. The CDT may assist the multidisciplinary team in identifying hip fracture patients whose MMSE scores are within the normal range, but yet need a longer training period to extract their rehabilitation potential.