Otitis Externa In Cats Research Articles

Prevalence and clinical findings of feline otitis externa in Midwest Brazil

This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of otitis externa (OE) in cats using cytology, direct otoscopic examination, and parasitological examination through swabs and curettage, and to compare the accuracy between collection methods for parasitological examination. Direct otoscopic evaluation of the external auditory canal (right and left), swabs for cytological examination of the external auditory canal, and collection of cerumen for parasitological examination through swabs and curettage of 137 cats from a veterinary hospital care were conducted between March 2021 and March 2022. The influences of age, sex, habitat, street access, and the presence of fleas on OE were evaluated. Cytological evidence of OE was observed in 25.5 % of cats and was statistically associated with flea and mite parasitism. Otodectes cynotis was found in 13.9 % of the cats. Cocci and Bacilli were the secondary factors in 34.3 % and 22.9 % of cats with OE, respectively. The Malassezia genus was a secundary factor in 57.1 % of the cats with OE. The frequency of OE was high in cats receiving hospital care. O. cynotis was a frequent primary cause of OE in cats. The curette sampling method is a great option for diagnosing O. cynotis infestation due to its ease of use.

Evidence-based veterinary dermatology: a review of published studies of treatments for Otodectes cynotis (ear mite) infestation in cats.

Otodectes cynotis (ear mite) accounts for 50-80% of cases of otitis externa in cats. Various treatment options exist but evidence-based reviews on treatments for this parasite have not been conducted. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the efficacy of treatments for Otodectes cynotis infestation in cats, to provide recommendations for their use and to suggest methodologies for future clinical trials and research. Electronic searches were carried out using the PubMed, CAB Direct and Thomson Reuters Web of Science; relevant topics were hand searched. The review was restricted to peer reviewed articles without limitation of language and publication date; only in vivo studies were included. The data were extracted and tabulated, then compared with regard to study design. With only a few randomized and controlled trials (RCTs) available, it was not possible to perform a meta-analysis of the pooled data. A total of 27 trials published between 1978 and 2015 fulfilled the selection criteria; 17 different pharmacological interventions were identified. There were two blinded RCTs and 25 open uncontrolled trials. There is fair evidence for recommending spot-on 10% imidacloprid +1% moxidectin or selamectin, once or twice 30 days apart, while there is insufficient evidence for or against recommending all other medications due to the quality of study designs in spite of their high efficacies. Future blinded RCTs, using placebo or appropriate active drugs, are required; outcome measurements on both clinical and microbiological and parasitological improvement, and proper follow-up periods are recommended.

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach of Otitis Externa in Cats

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach of Otitis Externa in Cats

Aspergillus otitis in small animals--a retrospective study of 17 cases.

Aspergillus spp. are saprophytic opportunistic fungal organisms and are a common cause of otomycosis in humans. Although there have been case reports of Aspergillus otitis externa in dogs, to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first retrospective case series describing Aspergillus otitis in dogs and cats. To characterize signalment, putative risk factors, treatments and outcomes of a case series of dogs and cats with Aspergillus otitis. Eight dogs and nine cats diagnosed with Aspergillus otitis. A retrospective review of medical records from 1989 to 2014 identified animals diagnosed with Aspergillus otitis based on culture. All dogs weighed greater than 23kg. The most common putative risk factors identified in this study were concurrent diseases, therapy causing immunosuppression or a history of an otic foreign body. Aspergillus otitis was unilateral in all study dogs and most cats. Concurrent otitis media was confirmed in three dogs and one cat, and suspected in two additional cats. Aspergillus fumigatus was the most common isolate overall and was the dominant isolate in cats. Aspergillus niger and A.terreus were more commonly isolated from dogs. Animals received various topical and systemic antifungal medications; however, otic lavage under anaesthesia and/or surgical intervention increased the likelihood of resolution of the fungal infection. Aspergillus otitis is uncommon, typically seen as unilateral otitis externa in cats and larger breed dogs with possible risk factors that include immunosuppression and otic foreign bodies; previous antibiotic usage was common.

EVALUATION OF THE CLINICAL EFFICACY OF THREE MEDICATIONS USED FOR TREATMENT OF EARMITE-INDUCED OTITIS EXTERNA IN CATS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcome of three different medications (ivermectin injection, canaural eardrops and frontline combo) in treatment of ear mite infestation accompanied by otitis externa in cats using a randomized trial. Cases presented to the Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University for investigating signs of ear mite infestation and/or otitis externa were recruited (n=17) and randomly assigned to one of the 3 groups for evaluation of response to treatment over a period of 30 days. Cases that did not respond to treatment within 2 weeks of treatment were changed to one of the other two medication. A simple questionnaire was designed to evaluate owner satisfaction of the medication price, ease of administration, cat tolerance and improvement of signs. Recruited cases were either brought to the clinic for re-evaluation or the owner was contacted by phone to evaluate progress of each case. In the ivermectin-treated group (Group 1; n=7), 75% of cases recovered from ear mite infestation based on signs resolving and disappearance of presenting signs. Only 60% of cases treated with frontline (Group 2) showed an improvement of signs (n=5). All cases treated with Canaural (Group 3) showed complete recovery with complete absence of presenting signs and signs of otitis externa (n=5). Average age of cats in all groups ranged from two to 72 months (mean= 17.33, median=6.5). Statistically there were no significant difference between the three medications (p>0.5), but according to the clinical findings, we can suggest that Canaural is the most suitable when otitis externa is present along with ear mite infestation. Frontline Combo is not as effective as the two other medications used in this study

Proliferative and necrotising otitis in a kitten: first demonstration of T‐cell‐mediated apoptosis

Otitis externa in cats is relatively uncommon. This report describes a case of a rare, visually distinctive, proliferative and necrotising otitis in a three-month-old Persian kitten. The cat had proliferative, erythematous and necrotic tissue covering most of the proximal pinnae and vertical ear canals. On histopathological examination, the most striking feature was the existence of scattered apoptotic-appearing keratinocytes within severely hyperplastic epithelium. For the first time, immunohistochemistry was used to show a closed association between CD3(+) T cells and caspase-3 stained keratinocytes, consistent with a keratinocyte apoptosis by epidermal-infiltrating T cells. Treatment was initiated using topical tacrolimus twice daily and an ear cleanser once daily. A marked improvement was observed after 10 days of treatment and the lesions completely resolved over a period of three weeks. The origin of T cells directed against keratinocytes is currently unknown.

Comparison of two topical remedies in treating otitis externa in cats: A randomized blinded trial

Summary Thirty cats presenting with an otitis externa were treated by the application of a topical ear remedy. The first group received a compound made up of an antibiotic, an antifungal and a strong-action corticoid, dexamethasone, once daily for a week (Group A – Aurizon ® ). The second group received a topical remedy based on an antibiotic, an antifungal and a weak-action corticoid, prednisolone, twice daily for one week (Group B – Surolan ® ). The animals were assigned a clinical and pruritus score and cytological score, at the start of treatment and on Days 3 and 7. An improvement was observed in all the animals. Statistical comparison of the criteria for efficacy between the two groups showed no significant difference relative to quantity of cerumen, auditopodal reflex and pruritus. A significant difference was noted in respect of erythema, favouring treatment A ( p Malassezia . A significant difference was found in the number of cocci, favouring treatment A ( p