Family Of Origin Research Articles

The Impact of Family of Origin on Romantic Relationships: A Psychological Perspective

This review examines the influence of diverse family of origin factors on adult romantic relationships, concentrating on critical elements such as attachment styles, communication patterns, conflict resolution, family cohesion, family structure, and self-differentiation and self-regulation formed by early family experiences. Existing research reveals that early family dynamics significantly affect individuals' behaviours, beliefs, and satisfaction in romantic relationships during adulthood. The paper consolidates empirical findings from multiple studies, accentuating the role of secure and insecure attachment styles in determining romantic relationship satisfaction. It also investigates how family functions, specifically communication patterns, conflict management, and family cohesion, influence relationship outcomes. Additionally, the review highlights the degrees of self-differentiation and self-regulation influence the quality of intimate relationships. Psychological frameworks including attachment theory, family systems theory, and social learning theory offer the primary perspectives for comprehending these influences. The review also recognises critical deficiencies in the literature, including the requirement for more longitudinal studies and cross-cultural social class and gender comparisons. Overall, Individuals who grow up in nurturing, positive family environments with good parent-child interactions tend to have higher quality and more satisfying romantic relationships in adulthood. Studying on the impact of family of origin on romantic relationships can assist society in resolving family emotional conflicts and fostering harmony, it can likewise enrich the theoretical framework of family and emotional-related research in the academic field.

Selected family determinants of the narcissistic style of behavior

Background. Although the narcissistic personality disorder is well-known in psychological literature, the issue of psychosocial determinants of the narcissistic behavioral style is still prone to do the research. So is in case of the study of the specific character of parental attitudes and traumatic experiences in the subjects’ childhood and adolescence.Objectives. The aim of the study was an analysis of the situation in the families of respondents with dominant characteristics of narcissistic personality, with a particular emphasis on the retrospective assessment of parental attitudes.Methodology. The group of 78 students with narcissistic behavioral style were selected for the study. The control group consisted of individuals who did not display this type of behavior. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorder Research SCID II (M.B. First, M. Gibbon, R. L. Spitzer., J.B.W. Williams, L. S. Benjamin, 2014), referring to narcissistic behaviors, was used along with a questionnaire of the authors’ own design which contained demographic details as well as information on the situation in the subject’s family of origin and traumatic experiences, if any, and The Questionnaire for Retrospective Parental Attitudes (KPR-Rocdeveloped by Mieczyslaw Plopa (2008).Results. The research demonstrated that parental attitudes, particularly of mothers who were found to be excessively demanding and inconsistent in interactions with their children, were of special relevance for the formation of the narcissistic personality style, whereas when it comes to fathers, it was primarily a lack of consistent behavior that was significant. It was also observed that the families of origin of individuals with this personality type often used violence and physical punishment, and often struggled with parents’ addictions. Conclusions. The research confirmed the significant influence of family interactions on the formation of narcissistic personality traits.

Novel Clinical Manifestation and Favorable Treatment Outcome of Cochlear Implant in a Chinese Family With Likely Pathogenic Variant of the P2RX2 Gene.

The rapid development and clinical application of sequencing technologies enable the genetic diagnosis of inherited deafness. P2RX2, as the gene responsible for autosomal dominant non-syndromic deafness-41 (DFNA41), has been proven to be essential for life-long normal hearing and for the protection of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Our present study reports a missense variant in the P2RX2 gene (c.178G > T (p.V60L)), for the second time worldwide, in a five-generation kindred living in Henan, China. Despite carrying the same variant, the affected members in this family appear to present with earlier-onset hearing loss and poorer hearing compared to the original DFNA41 families. In addition, this study supplements some content that was not covered in previous reports. We quantitatively evaluated the pain perception ability of some members using the Pain Vision PS-2100 system, and further found an interesting clinical manifestation, that is, hyperalgesia, in heterozygotes for P2RX2 p.V60L. The cochlear implant (CI) was also provided for the proband of profound deafness, resulting in satisfactory clinical outcomes. Finally, we carried out a systematic review of recently published articles on the P2RX2 gene, which is beneficial for better understanding the role of the P2RX2 gene in the auditory system and the pathogenic mechanisms in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL).

They was Patient.

Gender-affirming care is a highly politicized topic in the United States. Trans+ individuals do not control the narratives about their access to care, quality of life, and decision-making. Trans+ people are othered, marginalized, and abused by medical systems. The author of this poem accessed life-changing, gender-affirming care partly due to educational, racial, and geographic privilege. In 2023, 220 (and counting) state legislative bills targeting trans and non-binary people were filed. Many of these bills target transgender youth, but some states have even considered limiting adult care. Gender-expansive people face misinformation, microaggressions, and ridicule due to oppressive political narratives. From the family of origin to Twitter, trans people have to make themselves palatable. Even in the best situations, trans+ people face well-intentioned healthcare providers' intrusions, ignorance, or infantilization. Allies who have not unpacked their transphobia may cause harm, even in seemingly innocuous interactions. Public health can benefit from the irreverence of gender euphoria. This poem is me living a vibrant, queer life in academia and at my family's kitchen table, resisting moral panic one stanza at a time. To view the original version of this poem, see the supplemental material section of this article online.

School Segregation and Native Flight: Evidence from School Catchment Area Borders

Abstract Although extensively theorized, determining the mechanisms that produce ethnic or racial segregation in schools and neighborhoods has proven difficult. We investigate one potential mechanism behind ethnic segregation; native flight from schools. In contexts where school enrollment is determined primarily by geographic proximity to schools, Native or White parents with a preference for schools with low minority concentrations may choose to move away from schools with higher minority concentrations among students, contributing to both residential and school segregation. Using detailed, population-wide, geo-coded register data on families and school catchment areas for elementary schools in Oslo, Norway, we investigate whether native parents move away from schools with higher shares of students with non-Western immigrant backgrounds. We first show that native origin families systematically move away from schools with high shares of students with non-Western immigrant backgrounds. Employing a Geographic Regression Discontinuity design, exploiting the fact that catchment area borders sort neighboring children into different schools, our results indicate that such moves may be causally linked to local school characteristics, not just their neighborhoods. This may contribute to segregation in schools and neighborhoods. However, the results are ambiguous and sensitive to model specifications, and more research is needed to draw firm conclusions.

CHILDHOOD DIFFICULTIES AND LATE-LIFE DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS: THE ROLE OF EDUCATION AND FAMILY COPING

Abstract This study aims to examine how childhood difficulties are associated with late-life psychological well-being. Both adverse experience in origin family, such as family dysfunction and economic hardship, and adulthood economic hardship are known to impede healthy coping and family satisfaction. Thus, using the Cumulative Advantage/Disadvantage Theory, current study further explores how individual’s socio-economic status and family relational aspects in late life mediates the associations between childhood difficulties and depressive symptoms among older Koreans.We use the nationally representative Korean Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS), and select respondents aged 60-79 years old (n = 3,234). A serial mediation model was performed using the Hayes’s PROCESS Macro, bootstrapped 5,000 resamples. The indirect and total effects of childhood difficulties on depressive symptoms in late life were significant. Level of education and coping strategies of family conflict in late life had mediating effects on the relationship between childhood difficulties and older adults’ depressive symptoms. Income in late life, however, hadn’t a mediating effect on the relationship. Family satisfaction in late life had a mediating effect only thorough level of education and coping strategies of family conflict in late life sequentially. Findings suggest that experience of childhood difficulties has an adverse impact on older adults’ psychological well-being through deprivation of education opportunities in childhood and non-constructive coping strategies of family conflict in late life. Tackling inequality in education over one’s life course, as well as helping individuals develop healthy coping strategies, may be considered to mitigate the negative impacts of childhood difficulties on late-life psychological well-being.

Predicting College Students Lack of Longevity Promotion: From Family-of-origin chaos, through Current Unmet Interpersonal Needs, to Life-Diminishing Behavior

Identifying modifiable predictors of life-diminishing behaviors is paramount for health professionals seeking to promote the probability of longevity among young adults who can be at risk for suicide, overdose, and accidental injury and death. Family-of-origin experiences and unmet interpersonal needs are well-known risk factors for suicide; however, they have yet to be tested as predictors of a broad array of life-diminishing behaviors. College student participants (N=522, M=19.6 years) who were majority female (66.7%) and diverse (57.3% White) completed measures of family of-origin chaos, interpersonal needs, and engagement in four types of life-diminishing behaviors as measured via the Life-Attitudes Schedule: Short Form (LAS:SF). The LAS:SF assesses engagement in both potentially life-diminishing as well as potentially longevity-promoting behaviors; the overall construct assessed has been labelled lack of longevity promotion or suicide proneness. As expected, a history of greater family-of-origin chaos and current unmet interpersonal needs were associated with overall LAS:SF scores with medium effect sizes. Furthermore, the interaction between perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness mediated the relationship between family-of-origin chaos and total LAS:SF scores, accounting for 20% of the variance in college students’ lack of longevity promotion. Importantly, the model held for each of the four lack of longevity proneness/suicide proneness domains (Lack of Health/Illness Promotion, Lack of Safety/Risk Promotion, Lack of Future Orientation/ Death or Suicide Promotion, and Lack of Self-Promotion) and across multiple demographic groups. Assessing and addressing interpersonal needs is an emerging intervention target for those seeking to improve at-risk young adults’ well-being while promoting longevity and preventing suicide and accidental death.

포스트모던 시대의 상담 효율화를 위한 단기상담 모듈화 가능성 탐색

This study was conducted to reconstruct brief counseling into a structured module counseling from the perspective of post-modern philosophy. When dealing with newly emerging issues in modern society, the limitations of traditional counseling methods of exploring past experience and original family dynamics were examined, and the core theme of “alienation and isolation” that penetrate four areas of social relationships, family relationships, career & study, and self was extracted from the cases of brief counseling. In addition, the direction of counseling in modern society was divided into five factors of burnout society, attention economy, consumerism, structural &cultural violence, and rights of minorities from the perspective of post-modern philosophy, and the roles of counselors and questions performed at each stage were modularized by focusing on the progress of the present, past, and future sessions of brief counseling. In conclusion, the modern meaning and implementation method of brief counseling were combined with post-modern philosophy to present a highly efficient structured module, which was intended to be helpful to counselors who study and practice counseling.

Risk Factors for Violence in Adult Heterosexual Noncasual Relationships: An Overview of Reviews

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a widespread social, public health, and human rights problem. Empirical investigation of IPV risk factors can promote evidence-based assessment tools and effective prevention and intervention. This overview is a pioneering synthesis of systematic reviews (SRs) of IPV risk factors. Systematic searches for SRs in English reporting a meta-analysis of IPV risk factors in adult heterosexual, non-casual relationships published between January 2011 and June 2021 were conducted in four bibliographic databases: Medline via EBSCO, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, and APA PsycInfo. This search strategy identified 1,027 unique records. Supplementary manual search methods were completed in July 2023. Overall, 17 SRs utilizing a meta-analytic approach to investigate IPV risk factors published between 2012 and 2022 were included in the overview. Risk factors were organized into five key categories: demographic, individual, family of origin, relationship, and social. Overall, 73 unique risk factors relating to perpetrators and 61 relating to victims were identified in the SRs. Just 50 of the 119 coefficients relating to IPV perpetration were reported, by any SR, as statistically significant and of moderate or strong predictive power; and 39 of these 50 factors related to previous IPV. Only 26 of the 147 coefficients relating to IPV victimization were both statistically significant and of moderate or strong predictive power, the majority of which (15) were in the relationship violence grouping of risk factors. The evidence suggests a randomness to IPV. This body of evidence provides some limited direction for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers.

Extinct scorpion family Chaerilobuthidae from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber reinterpreted as subfamily of extant family Pseudochactidae (Chelicerata: Scorpiones)

Abstract The extinct scorpion family Chaerilobuthidae Lourenço and Beigel, 2011, endemic to Burmese amber, was initially established due to its unique pedipalp trichobothrial pattern related to the Type A and Type B patterns of families Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837 and Chaerilidae Pocock, 1893, respectively. The present contribution describes 11 new specimens, representing seven species of Chaerilobuthidae from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber, revealing their morphology using various imaging technologies. A revised diagnosis of Chaerilobuthus Lourenço and Beigel, 2011 is provided based on new morphological characters of the carapace, ocelli, chelicera, pedipalp trichobothria, coxapophyses, and leg tarsi. The other two genera of Chaerilobuthidae, Chaeriloiurus Lourenço, 2020 and Serratochaerilobuthus Lourenço, 2024, are synonymized with Chaerilobuthus based on a reassessment of their morphological characters and morphometric analysis, creating Chaerilobuthus brigittemuellerae (Lourenço and Velten, 2020), comb. nov. and Chaerilobuthus schmidti (Lourenço and Velten, 2024), comb. nov.. The systematic position of Chaerilobuthidae is clarified based on phylogenetic analyses of an updated morphological character matrix for Pseudochactidae Gromov, 1998, an extant family in Asia. Phylogenetic analysis placed Chaerilobuthidae sister to the pseudochactid subfamily Vietbocapinae Lourenço, 2012, justifying its transfer to Pseudochactidae, as Chaerilobuthinae Lourenço and Beigel, 2011, stat. nov.. This discovery confirms that Pseudochactidae date back 100 Mya and contributes to understanding the origin and evolutionary history of this relictual family.

Cash-Holdings of Single Family Office-Owned Firms

Abstract Single-Family Offices (SFOs) have become crucial for transgenerational wealth management of business families. Many SFOs directly invest in firms, yet their role as firm owners remains understudied. This study explores how SFO ownership impacts the cash holdings of their portfolio firms, with a comparative analysis against firms directly owned by business families. Cash holdings are critical for firms as they offer the flexibility to seize entrepreneurial opportunities and increase resilience in times of crisis. However, when cash is held in excess, it can also signal managerial opportunism. Using agency theory as our theoretical framework, we propose that SFOs are less effective as monitors compared to families that have a direct ownership stake in their firm. This reduced oversight shall lead SFO-owned firms to maintain higher cash reserves than family-owned firms. We test our predictions by comparing the cash holdings of a hand-collected sample of 173 SFO-owned firms in the DACH (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) region with the cash holdings of matched family-owned firms. Our study has three main findings. First, it reveals that firms owned SFOs maintain higher cash reserves compared to those owned directly by business families. Second, we show that this effect is more pronounced when the SFO has divested from its original family business. Finally, a post-hoc analysis indicates that the impact of cash holdings on future firm performance is more ambiguous and tends to be more negative in SFO-owned firms than in family-owned firms. Overall, these results suggest potential inefficiencies in cash utilization under SFO ownership. Our study contributes to the small but growing literature on (single) family offices. It also extends the family firm cash holdings literature. Practical implications exist for business-owning families with a family office or seeking to set up one.

On the Family Origins of Human Capital Formation: Evidence from Donor Children

Abstract We introduce a novel strategy to study the intergenerational transmission of human capital skills, net of genetic skill transfers. For this purpose, we use unique Danish data on children conceived through sperm and egg donation in in vitro fertilization treatments to estimate the relationship between child test scores and parental years of schooling. Because the assignment of donors is not selective, these parental schooling estimates allow for a causal nurture interpretation. Once we take account of genes, we find that only the education of mothers matters: the association between father’s education and child test scores (in reading and math) is insignificant and practically zero, whereas the association between mother’s education and child test scores (in reading, not in math) is significant and large, and as large as the association we estimate for mothers of non-donor children.

Tipologii ale agresorilor familiali: variabile teoretice și rezultate empirice

This study aimed to delineate the profile of the domestic abusers according to by examining personality dimensions (impulsivity, aggression-hostility, neuroticism) and related personality variables (rumination, personality disorders, emotional distress, physical aggression and hostility) in men serving custodial sentences for domestic violence offenses and examining possible differences between types of perpetrators and substance use patterns, and the presence or experience of violence in the family of origin. The research sample included 173 men aged 21 to 70 years, (M=38.76; SD=11.217). Cluster analysis of the empirical data identified four distinct subtypes of domestic abusers: non-pathological aggressors, borderline/dysphoric aggressors, antisocial/generally violent aggressors and the antisocial subtype. These findings align with the existing literature, underscoring that family aggressors are not a homogeneous group.

The protective role of siblings in sexual diverse emerging adult well-being

Close sibling relationships can serve as a salient source of support, particularly for individuals navigating stressors associated with emerging adulthood and minoritized identities. Using attachment theory and the temporal intersectional minority stress model as guiding frameworks, mixed-methods data were collected from 939 emerging adult college students to examine the role that siblings play in sexually diverse individual well-being. Sexually diverse emerging adults who perceived close sibling ties did not exhibit a negative effect of prospective anxiety on their self-esteem, but did experience an elevation in positive affect in the face of prospective anxiety, whereas sexually diverse individuals who had poor sibling relationships and heterosexual emerging adults did not show these protective effects. Interactions were not significant for negative affect. Sexually diverse emerging adults shared their lived experiences of how their siblings contribute to their well-being, including themes of affect, sibling interactions, sibling qualities, and coping within the relationship. Most sexually diverse individuals appeared to view a positive effect of siblings on their well-being despite less proximity to the family of origin.

Life Course Associations of Sibling Relationships and Cognitive Functioning in Late Adulthood.

Relying on the linked lives concept within the life course perspective, the current study examined the lifelong associations of sibling relationships and their effects on cognitive functioning in late adulthood. Using data from the sibling cohort of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, we estimated a mediational model, examining the effects of childhood sibling interactions and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), as proxy measures for the parent-child relationship, on cognitive functioning in late adulthood through adult sibling closeness and contact. Respondents' cognitive functioning was assessed using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-modified (TICS-m) when they were in their early 80s, on average. We conducted multilevel structural equation modeling. Positive childhood sibling interactions (e.g., hugging, helping) were associated with increased adult sibling closeness and contact, while higher cumulative ACEs were associated with decreased adult sibling closeness and contact. We found significant indirect associations: a) positive sibling interactions during childhood were associated with more frequent sibling contact across respondents' mid-50s through early 70s, which was in turn associated with higher TICS-m scores in their early 80s; b) higher cumulative ACEs were associated with less frequent sibling contact, which was in turn associated with lower TICS-m scores. The results suggest that childhood experiences within the family of origin may have lasting impacts on adult sibling relationships and the cognitive functioning of older adults. This study highlights the potential cognitive benefits of frequent contact with adult siblings, underscoring the importance of nurturing sibling relationships throughout one's life.

Evaluation of Gastronomy Tourism Potential of Siirt Province: SWOT Analysis Example

Siirt province, which stands out with its Southeastern Anatolian culture and traditions and is an important meeting point of Mesopotamian lands, has a rich gastronomy cuisine and tourism potential. In this study, the gastronomy tourism potential of Siirt region is tried to be determined by SWOT analysis method. It is aimed to determine the deficiencies in gastronomy tourism potential and to show solution suggestions. Within the scope of the study, various books, magazines, brochures, website researches were published with literature review and interviews were held with Siirt Provincial Directorate of Culture and Tourism and Siirt Municipality Directorate of Culture and Social Affairs for more detailed performances on the subject. An interview was held with various responsible managers and chefs providing local food service in Siirt province, and the obtained results are based on the SWOT analysis method and the determination of strong and weak situations and opportunities and threats is started. While the information obtained has a historical and historical background, providing information about local products within the city and using it in the kitchen, the fact that the majority of Turkish, Kurdish, Arab origin families living in the city have a wide variety of food and a rich gastronomy cuisine, the climate and having alternative tourism are strengths and opportunities, the fact that the city has economically retreated from countries and provinces, the lack of sufficient training and seminars to create gastronomy tourism awareness, and the inadequacy of the methods of promotion and advertising of the dishes in the city are also protected as aspects and threats. Within the scope of the research, the evaluation of the current parts of the gastronomy tourism potential of Siirt province and the evaluation of the change in the future plan and strategy can be achieved. The limited number of cases reported in the literature on the subject and the fact that no study has been found on the gastronomy tourism potential of Siirt province, increasing maintenance and contributing to the literature.

Understanding Associations Between Family Rejection, Human–Animal Interaction, and Mental Health Among LGBTQ+ Emerging Adults

Many LGBTQ+ emerging adults experience rejection from their family of origin. Family rejection is a stressor that contributes to worsened mental health for LGBTQ+ emerging adults. Supportive relationships with others can be an important protective factor for LGBTQ+ emerging adults as they cope with family rejection. The bond and interactions LGBTQ+ pet owners have with their pets may provide love, comfort, and support, similar to the relationship they may have with a human attachment figure. This quantitative study aimed to test pet attachment as a moderator of the association between family rejection and mental health in a sample of LGBTQ+ emerging adults. We collected survey data from 201 18–25-year-old LGBTQ+ pet owners living in the state of Virginia. After testing several moderation models using the PROCESS macro in SPSS, we found that pet attachment was not a significant moderator of the relation between family rejection and mental health symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, psychological distress). The findings suggest that pet attachment may not be a protective factor for LGBTQ+ emerging adults who experience family rejection, although these findings should be interpreted in light of the characteristics of our sample and limitations of the study. We recommend that future researchers explore alternative moderators or test these associations among LGBTQ+ individuals in other developmental periods.

Ceterum censemus Carthaginem Nouam esse legendam: Roman Poetry as Cultural History

This paper updates the carmina Latina epigraphica corpus of Carthago Nova (Hispania Citerior). The beginning of the arrival of families of Italic origin around the middle of the first century B.C. seems to be of crucial importance, as it definitely influenced the development of both trade and mining in the region and verse epigraphy. The study of the onomastics of these texts allows us to trace their origins and social positions, as well as to provide key elements of the social and cultural history of Carthago Nova.

Experiences of Migrant Live-in Caregivers in Caring for Patients With Advanced Cancer - A Qualitative Study.

Foreign domestic workers are increasingly hired in Singapore as live-in caregivers for patients with advanced cancer. Language barriers and different cultural backgrounds can make caregiving potentially challenging. This study aims to explore the experiences of migrant live-in caregivers caring for patients with advanced cancer. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore: the challenges and needs of migrant live-in caregivers caring for patients with advanced cancer, what enables their cancer caregiving work, and their motivations. Participants were recruited from inpatient oncology wards of an acute tertiary hospital. Inclusion criteria included: (i) migrant live-in caregiver caring for a patient with stage IV solid organ cancer; (ii) age ≥21 years; (iii) conversant in English, Mandarin or Burmese. Twelve female caregivers participated in the study. Their mean age was 35.4 years, 4 were from Indonesia, 3 from Myanmar and 5 from the Philippines. Four main themes emerged: (1) Wide-ranging work responsibilities that could be challenging, (2) Treating and being treated like family, (3) Having access to multiple sources of support and (4) Motivated by being able to provide for their own family of origin. Migrant live-in caregivers face various challenges in cancer caregiving. Having a good relationship with patients, adequate employer and peer support and being able to provide for their family helped to motivate them. Efforts to support them can include formal training, better delineation of job scope and hours, and resources to address psycho-emotional needs. Further research could focus on knowledge gaps for cancer caregiving, psychosocial and post-bereavement needs.

COPING WITH TRAUMATIC EVENTS AND RESILIENT CHARACTERISTICS IN CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE. IMPACT ON ADULTS

Traumatic developmental disorder (TDD) originates in a subgroup of people who have experienced traumatic events in childhood and adolescence that can lead to changes affecting the biopsychosocial system. In this study, the type of impact of complex trauma originating in the shared environment of the family of origin and the possible repercussions were compared. Two groups were selected: group A, who were diagnosed with substance dependence, and group B, consisting of their siblings, who have not been diagnosed with substance use disorder (SUD). The Traumatic Experiences Questionnaire (TQ), the 14-item Resilience Scale (RS-14), the Davidson Semi-Structured Interview for Resilience, and the PTSD (adapted) were administered. Different psychopathologies and coping styles were evidenced. General personality traits have been shown to be unequal.