Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) is one of the major boreal tree species in Eurasia and has a considerable economic and ecological value. Despite that importance, the development and use of microsatellite markers in this species remain limited. Microsatellite markers are considered to be a valuable tool for estimation of population diversity and structure. Availability of a draft reference assembly of the Siberian larch genome allowed us to identify 1015 microsatellite loci or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) with tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexanucleotide motifs. For 60 of them PCR primers were designed and tested for amplification in L. sibirica and for their within-genus transferability to L. gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr. and L. cajanderi Mayr. Here, we present a set of 14 reliable and polymorphic new nuclear SSR markers that can be used for further population genetic studies, breeding programs, and timber origin identification.