Organomineral Fertilizer Research Articles

Phenological stages of wheat modulate effects of phosphorus fertilization in plant-soil microbial interactions

Abstract Aims Future phosphorus (P) fertilizer availability faces challenges due to limited phosphate rock mines and strict quality regulations regarding Cd contents in phosphate rock. In this study, conventional fertilization was partially substituted with meat bone meal (MBM), sludge (S), and the organo-mineral combination of S plus MBM (SMBM), in a wheat agroecosystem. Methods We investigated the impact of fertilization treatments and crop phenological stages on P availability, crop yield, and soil microbial responses. Analysis included enzyme activities, microbial biomass, and the composition of bacterial and fungal communities using metabarcoding. Additionally, we estimated functional genes related to the P cycle through qPCR. Crop yield and nutrient content in plants and soil were also determined. Results Replacing traditional fertilization with MBM and SMBM maintained crop yield at levels equivalent to conventional fertilization. S and SMBM produced 70% and 40% (respectively) more bioavailable P compared to conventional treatment (Trad). Significant differences between treatments in soil microbial biomass were observed in the flag leaf stage. S increased in 20% total soil microbial biomass compared to Trad. Crop phenology had a stronger impact on bacterial and fungal communities than fertilization treatments. The use of S enhanced microbial biomass and activity. Yield in both MBM and SMBM plots exhibited no statistically significant differences compared to traditional fertilization. Conclusion Organo-mineral fertilization emerges as a sustainable strategy for maintaining crop production while improving soil functionality. Our findings emphasize the primary influence of crop phenology on shaping soil microbial communities and influencing microbial biomass and functionality.

Evaluation of the productivity of maize (ATP) under different sowing dates in the western highlands of Cameroon

This study aims to assess the effects of three sowing dates on the growth and yield of maize. The trial was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Dschang in Bansoa (Penka-Michel) over two growth cycles: 2020 and 2021. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design. Treatments, replicated three times, included a control (T) and three levels of fertilizer input: mineral fertilizer (E), organic fertilizer (F), and organo-mineral fertilizer (EF). The maize variety used was the Acid Tolerable Population (ATP). Sowing occurred sequentially on March 30, April 10, and April 20. Daily rainfall data were collected using a graduated cylinder rain gauge. Observations focused on growth and yield parameters at different sowing dates. The results obtained indicate that maize responded significantly to different sowing dates (p < 0.05). Fertilizer application also positively influenced growth compared to the control. The tallest plants were observed in the F treatment sown during the first date (300 cm). Similarly, the collar diameter followed the same trend, with the F treatment measuring 3.43 cm compared to 2.14 cm for the control, indicating significant differences. Yield results showed the first sowing date > second date > third date. The highest yield was achieved with the EF treatment during the first period (6985 kg/ha), compared to the control during the third period (2009 kg/ha). Within each period, the yield results followed the order: EF > E > F > T. Organic fertilizers alone also produced favorable results compared to the control. Given the current climatic conditions and the results obtained, maize sowing conducted in the first sowing period (March 30) with organo-mineral fertilizer would likely result in optimal grain yield.

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ВИДОВ УДОБРЕНИЙ ПРИ ВЫРАЩИВАНИИ КНЯЖЕНИКИ АРКТИЧЕСКОЙ (RUBUS ARCTICUS L.)

The objective of research is to develop a nutrition system for Arctic brake. The paper presents the results of research on growing Arctic brake (Rubus arcticus L.) on acidic light sod-podzolic soils in the natural and climatic conditions of the Kostroma Region. Two soil fertilization options were used: 1) azophoska 400 kg/ha (N60P60K60 as the main fertilizer + N30P30K30 top dressing); 2) the developed nutrition system, including the main organomineral fertilizer containing humic substances and bacterial spores (Bacillus subtillis, Bacillus mucilaginosus) and 3 top dressings with solutions of the mineral fertilizer Akvarin in May, June and September (10 %, 6 and 3 %, respectively). Local application of organomineral fertilizers at a dose of 500 kg/ha with 3 additional feedings of water-soluble mineral fertilizers of the Akvarin brand containing macro- and microelements has a beneficial effect on increasing the microbiological activity of the soil, ammonifiers by 25.8 %, phosphate-mobilizing bacteria by 39.1 %, its agrochemical indicators, inclu¬ding the content of organic matter by 0.4 %, mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium by 7.6–12.4 mg/kg, the survival rate of R. arcticus plants, the formation of the bush habitus, with the additional formation of partial shoots by 35 pcs/bush, the physiological activity of plants, expressed in an increase in the productivity of photosynthesis by 38 % and a significant increase in the yield of berries to 53.2 g/m2 (by 47.6 %). Expanding the possibility of forming R. arcticus plantations on acidic sod-podzolic soils will increase the occupancy rate of fallow soils and put them into operation. Production of berry products in the Kostroma Region as an ecologically safe region will provide enterprises engaged in the preparation of baby and dietary food with high-quality medicinal raw materials.

Effect of TopDressing on Chlorophyll Content in Barley Leaves and Its Relation to Grain Quality Parameters

The effect of top-dressing at tillage phase by Polydon® Amino Start organomineral fertilizer and KAS-28 liquid mineral fertilizer on the state of the leaf pigment complex of spring barley cv. Novichok, Rodnik Prikamya and Pamyati Rodinoy and its relationship with grain quality parameters was studied under field conditions of the Kirov region of the Russian Federation in 2020–2022. Significant effect of top-dress treatments on pigment content in the flag and second leaves was revealed. The use of top-dressing with KAS-28 enhanced the association of grain quality parameters with the chlorophyll pigment content of the two upper leaves compared to the control variant. The effect of Amino Start was not uniform: some of the connections were somewhat weakened compared to the control, some intensified, and some became statistically significant. The total content of chlorophyll correlated with the content of cellulose and fat in the grain in all treatments. Compared to controls, the use of top-dress treatments altered the effectiveness of using of photoassimilates of both leaves for cellulose and fat synthesis. The obtained data indicate the possibility of predicting the content of the main parameters of spring barley’s grain quality by the content of chlorophyll pigments in flag or second leaves of plants during the flowering phase.

Design of a sustainable biorefinery for the valorization of waste from the baker’s yeast industry through process simulation: A case study for the production of animal feed, fertilizers, and biofuels from vinasse

The present work deals with the biotechnological valorization of the vinasse through a sustainable biorefinery. The aim was to design and analyze, through process simulation, a biorefinery for the valorization of vinasse in products such as organo-mineral fertilizers, supplements for animal feed, and biogas. For this purpose, the SuperPro Designer software was used, and a modified hierarchical decomposition method was applied. One base case and three scenarios were techno-economically assessed, and the net present value was used as a selection criterion. The technological configuration with the best techno-economic criterion was analyzed socially and environmentally. The results suggest that the best configuration of the biorefinery corresponded to scenario 3, with a net present value of USD$73,364,000, a number of direct employees of 38, and a blue water footprint of 16.16 m3/h. These findings highlight the potential of the design of biorefineries to address the valorization of vinasses in Colombia and worldwide.

Fore­casting profitability levels for different soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivation technology options

Objective of the research is to develop adequate models for forecasting the profitability of soybean seed cultivation under various technology options; to identify significant factors affecting financial performance to support effective management decisions. Methods. The use of regression analysis tools enabled the construction of stepwise models of profitability dependence on economic indicators with high coefficients of determination. Results. The dependence of economic efficiency indicators on soybean seed yield under various cultivation technology options has been determined. The research results indicate that the most effective cultivation technology was the one that combined the use of fertilizers at a dose of N15P45K60+N30 kg/ha of active ingredient, presowing seed treatment (mycorrhizal inoculant + fungicide), and foliar feeding with organo-mineral fertilizer during the budding phase, which led to the highest seed yield in the experiment, at 3.74 t/ha. Based on the conducted correlation-regression analysis and the developed mathematical models, the connection between profitability levels and the total cost of the harvest and the cost of soybean seeds was proven, both for seed treatment alone and for seed treatment combined with foliar feeding during the critical growth phases. Conclusions. The correlationregression analysis results showed that the total cost of the harvest and the cost of soybean seeds have the most significant impact on profitability. This is confirmed by the coefficients of determination, indicating that 98.2–99.8% of the total variability in profitability is due to the combined effect of the studied variables. Based on this, models were developed to describe the dependence of profitability levels on the total cost of the harvest and the cost of soybean seeds, both for seed treatment alone (mycorrhizal inoculant + fungicide) and with additional foliar feeding during critical growth and development phases.

Response of tomato to innovative organo-mineral fertilizers

Organo-mineral fertilizers (OMFs) with low organic carbon (Corg) content have been associated with higher mineral fraction nutrient use efficiency. However, the extraction of peat, which is typically used in these OMFs, from endangered ecosystems causes long-time stored Corg to mineralize and to be released back into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide (CO2). This study analyzes the replacement of peat in OMFs with biowaste materials. These materials, considered organic byproducts that microorganisms and other living things can decompose through composting and aerobic or anaerobic digestion, offer a viable opportunity. This study investigated three stabilized biowastes—green compost (GC) from pruning residues, municipal solid waste compost (MSWC), and manure-based vermicompost (VC)—as the organic matrices for granular OMFs. These matrices were impregnated with dissolved ammonium sulfate and urea and used to coat diammonium phosphate granules. Each biowaste OMF contained 7.5% Corg, 20% mineral N, and 10% mineral P2O5 (OMF20 − 10). Fertilizers with high nutrient concentrations have the advantage of requiring low application volumes, facilitating their application in the field. Biowaste OMFs were compared with peat OMFs with the same Corg-N-P2O5 concentration. Peat and MSWC were also used to create OMFs containing 7.5% Corg, 10% mineral N, and 5% mineral P2O5 (OMF10 − 5). A 75-day tunnel trial was conducted under semi-controlled conditions using tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fertilized to an equivalent of 81 mg N kg−1 soil and 18 mg P kg−1 soil. Controls included no fertilization (N0P0) and mineral N and P fertilization (MFNP). The Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) chlorophyll meter and the BBCH (from German Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und CHemische Industrie) scale as well as the number of shoots were measured over time, as berry and total aboveground yield, N and P uptakes, and N and P use efficiencies (NUE and PUE, respectively) were calculated at harvest. All treatments outperformed the control N0P0 in most indicators. Peat20 − 10 did not have more berry yield than other OMF20 − 10; however, the higher number of shoots indicated a higher potential yield in the event of prolonging the experiment. At the end of 75 days, VC20 − 10 and MSWC20 − 10 showed similar PUE to peat, suggesting that those materials can be used as replacements. In the case of OMF10 − 5, MSWC10 − 5 had yield and N and P uptakes like peat OMFs, confirming the potential use of MSWC as peat replacement even at different nutrient concentrations. This research provides reassuring evidence of the effectiveness of biowaste OMFs, offering a positive outlook for sustainable agriculture. However, their use is not recommendable for short growing seasons.

Assessment of the Influence of zaï, Stone Rows, and Organo-mineral Fertiliser on Soil Properties and Groundnut Yields Performances in Sudan Sahelian Zone of Burkina Faso

Groundnut occupies a vital position in oilseed crop production in Burkina Faso, with current production at 630,526 tonnes. However, its production faces threats from drought and low soil fertility. This study aims to determine the influence of zaï, stone rows, ridge tillage, and mineral fertilisation on soil health and on groundnut yields performances in Sudan Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso. Experimental treatments were distributed randomly following a Fisher block design, comprising four treatments and five replications, in the village of Sandogo. Data on soil properties, plant growth, and yields were analysed using variance analysis in R software. The results indicate significant influences of the treatments on carbon content, nitrogen content, phosphorus content, pH values, soil moisture content, soil carbon dioxide release, and soil macrofauna. Moreover, notable effects were observed on the number of nodules, drier nodule weight, number of leaves and branches, pod load, pod and straw yields, and the weight of 100-pods. The highest carbon content (0.857; 0.861%), nitrogen content (0.081%; 0.087%), phosphorus content (7.488; 7.735 mg.kg-1), pH values (6.43; 6.54), and soil moisture content (24.80; 25.27%) were recorded in the homogeneous group of zaï and zaï associated to stone rows. The highest carbon dioxide release (2863.33 ppm) was recorded in plots treated with stone rows. Ants were the most widely encountered macrofauna, whereas no earthworms were recorded. The highest performance in terms of the number of nodules (84.76; 87.88), dry nodule weight (0.0893; 0.0886 g/plant), number of leaves (40; 40), number of branches (6; 6), pod load (25; 25), weight of 100-pods (112.90; 111.98 g), straw yields (1673.28; 1664.87 kg.ha-1), and pod yields (2122.32; 2161.96 kg.ha-1) were achieved with zaï and zaï combined with stone rows. Zaï and zaï combined with stone rows can therefore be used as effective alternatives to improve groundnut production in the Sudan Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso in a context of climate change, while protecting the environment.

Prospects for Enhanced Growth and Yield of Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) Using Organomineral Fertilizers for Reclamation of Disturbed Forest Lands in European Part of Russia

This article presents the results of research on the use of a new granular organomineral fertilizer for growing plants of half-highbush cultivars of the lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.). The purpose of the research is studying the effect of a new granular organomineral fertilizer on the agrobiological characteristics of V. angustifolium plants on a peatland in the conditions of the north of the European part of Russia. The developed composition of organomineral fertilizer (NPK 8:8:8, Fe 0.5%, Zn 0.2%, Cu 0.4%) differs from existing fertilizers in a more balanced ratio of micro- and macroelements and the content of vermicompost containing spore forms of bacteria Bacillus subtilis H-13, B. mucilaginosus, and Azotobacter chroococcum. The use of a new organomineral fertilizer on high-moor peat (pH 2.9) contributed to the highest yield of V. angustifolium fruits (190.2 g/bush), which is 1.2 times more than other mineral fertilizers (NPK, etc.). The best morphophysiological indicators of V. angustifolium plants (leaf area, total and working surface of the roots, root weight) when using the developed organomineral fertilizer were noted in September. An increase of 1.2–1.3 times in the collection of dry matter and sugars in fruits was revealed, compared with other fertilizer options, while the vitamin C content practically did not change. New organomineral fertilizer contributes to the optimal supply of the necessary micro- and macroelements throughout the growing season and increases the productivity of V. angustifolium plants when growing depleted peat deposits in the natural and climatic conditions of the European part of Russia.

Performance of Struvite and Organomineral Fertilizers Compared to Traditional Source of Phosphorus in Maize Cultivation on Tropical Soils

Performance of Struvite and Organomineral Fertilizers Compared to Traditional Source of Phosphorus in Maize Cultivation on Tropical Soils

Response of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfaria occidentalis) to Varying Rates of Organo-mineral Fertilizer in Obio Akpa, Akwa Ibom State

Response of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfaria occidentalis) to Varying Rates of Organo-mineral Fertilizer in Obio Akpa, Akwa Ibom State

CORN FOR GRAIN IN CONTINUOUS GROWING UNDER DIFFERENT FERTILIZER SYSTEMS AND WEATHER CONDITIONS

On the experimental field of the Poltava State Agricultural Experimental Station named after M. I. Vavilov of the The Institute of Pig Breeding and Agro-Industrial Production of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, during 1984-2023, on typical chernozem in conditions of unstable moisture of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe, were conducted researches to study the continuous growing of corn for grain and its productivity. Precipitation is the leading factor in providing corn with available moisture in this region. Different hydrothermal conditions, especially the amount of moisture during the agricultural year and the vegetation, led to sharp fluctuations in grain yield over the years, which occurred in a wide range. The analysis of the average values ​​of corn productivity for each 10 consecutive years of conducting these studies made it possible to establish that during the first decade of observations, the dynamics of this indicator in subsequent periods took place in the paradigm of its growth, albeit at a different level. Maize grain yield and its correlation with different weather conditions and fertilization systems, regardless of the replacement of maize hybrids, ranged from direct to inverse and from low to high. Long-term application of different doses and ratios of organic and mineral fertilizers contributed to changes in both quantitative and qualitative indicators of humus in the soil. It was determined that the content of total carbon in the fertilized areas was higher by 3,0 and 3,3 relative percent compared to the unfertilized ones. Special attention was paid to the ratio between humic and fulvic acids, which directly depends on the fertilization system. The different effect of this agrotechnical measure on the amount of humus accumulation in the soil is shown. Thus, in areas without fertilizers (control), its accumulation occurs at the level of an average indicator and a weak effect of organic acids on the mineral part of the soil, while under the organo-mineral fertilization system, this process takes place intensively, and the mineral part remains almost unchanged.

Особенности компонентного состава эфирного масла перспективных сортов мяты перечной и пути повышения его выхода

Medicinal preparations (pharmaceutical products) based on essential oils are used in the treatment of many diseases. Pepper mint Mentha piperita is one of the most important essential oil crop. Menthol obtained from peppermint oil is included in the preparations Validol, Corvalol, Valokordin, Pectusin, and Menovazine. The demand of the Russian pharmaceutical industry for mint raw materials at the ex-pense of its own production is not fully satisfied. It can be increased by development new high-yielding varieties of mint and developing modern methods of their cultivation. For this purpose, new high-yielding varieties Aisberg and Aromatnaya, differing in essential oil content and component composition, were developed in the conditions of the North Caucasus branch of the All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. The variety Aisberg has a high content of oil (4.98%) and menthol in it, while the variety Aromatnaya has a low content of essential oil (1.95%) and a high content of menthone and minor components, which allows these oils to be used in different industries – pharmaceutical, perfumery, cosmetic, and food. The application of natural retardant Hardy on the studied moint varieties promoted the increase of essential oil content in raw material by 22–27% and the increase of biologically active components in essential oil: menthol in the variety Aisberg, menthone in the variety Aromatnaya. To ensure a high yield of mint oil per hectare, the complex application of EcoFus (an organomineral fertilizer) and Siliplant (a silicon-containing microfertilizer) is appropriate at the beginning of plant growth and Hardy (retardant) – in the phase of budding. This method increased the yield of the studied mint varieties by 12–13%, the content of essential oil by 26–29%, and oil yield per a hectare by 41–45%.

Эколого-агрохимическая оценка устойчивости серой лесной почвы к воздействию загрязнения и урожайность картофеля при применении удобрений

The article presents studies in potato agrocenoses and an assessment of the gray forest soil of the Ryazan region using various levels of mineral and organomineral nutrition. It was found that to achieve an average level of stability, the buffering value of agro-gray soil should not be lower, according to the adsorption isotherm at a concentration point of 10 mM/l, 2 l/kg for zinc, copper, cadmium and lead. Exceeding the PBSgm value of 2-4 l/kg means a transition to a high level of stability. In the experiment on potato yield, the maximum yield was obtained on the variant with the action of an organomineral fertilizer system – 283.7 c/ha, which is 114.5 c/ha more than on the control variant (without fertilizers). We note the high yield obtained according to the variant with the action of the organomineral fertilizer system (248.2 c/ha, + 79.0 c/ha), which indicates the high efficiency of nutrition in the potato agrocenosis. Keywords: SOIL, POTATOES, NON-CHERNOZEM ZONE, POTATOES, YIELD, FERTILIZER

Перспективы переработки угля с низкой степенью метаморфизма

Introduction. The relevance and significance of this work is due to the fact that the soils of Kazakhstan are about 48% salt marshes. The reasons for their occurrence are different: harsh climatic conditions, the drying Aral Sea, the Baikonur cosmodrome, numerous test sites, etc. With an increased content of water-soluble salts in the root layer of soils, most cultivated plants develop poorly and yield a reduced yield. To solve the above problem, the technology of processing brown coal from the Kiyakty deposit and its substandard part for the production of drugs-growth stimulants for agricultural plants, high-calorie fuel briquettes and coal-alkali reagents is proposed. Materials and methods. Development of technology for the production of a humic preparation from brown coal deposits in Kazakhstan. It is known that these coals are amorphous polymers containing bitumen, humic acids, residual organic substances and moisture. Laboratory experiments were carried out by the method of biotesting according to B.P. Strogonov in glasses with a capacity of 0.5 liters in accordance with the requirements of GOST (GOST 10250–80, GOST 12038–84). The methodology for conducting research on the manufacture of briquettes, carbon-alkali reagents based on the humic acid hypothesis and various local binding materials with the involvement of certified CeLSIM laboratories is substantiated. The most optimal binder is a liquid bardic concentrate. Results. As a result of the application of new methods of pre-sowing treatment of rice seeds with a 2.5 % aqueous solution of the preparation from coal, its yield increased by 9.5–12.1 quintals per 1 ha, or by 33.8–41 % compared with the control. Discussion. The works of a number of foreign and domestic researchers on this topic have proved the possibility of using humic substances from brown coals to obtain organo-mineral fertilizers, and a comparative study of the chemical composition has been conducted. However, according to our technology, it is clear that we do not get fertilizer, but plant growth stimulants. It should be noted that the technology developed by the authors makes it possible to obtain a humic preparation, the use of which on low-yielding soils of Kazakhstan ensures a stable increase in the yield of cereals and legumes. Conclusion. The developed technology for the production of humic preparations for various purposes can be used to increase crop yields on degraded soils, for the bio recultivation of man-made formations, the manufacture of a substrate for greenhouse farms, the production of fuel briquettes and coal-alkali reagents, as well as during the operation of other brown coal deposits of the Republic of Kazakhstan with a high content of humic acids in their composition. Suggestions for practical applications and directions for future research. The territory of Kazakhstan is considered to be arid zones of dry steppe soils without rains. In these conditions, agricultural technicians resort to plants of halophyte varieties, therefore, the prospects for using this technology are very large, for example, to suppress dust formation on the surface of tailings ponds with the cultivation of green mass of wild plant varieties. Preparations from brown coals can be used to purify water and wines, leach precious metals, etc.

Contribution of Using Filter Cake and Vinasse as a Source of Nutrients for Sustainable Agriculture—A Review

The use of filter cake and vinasse in agriculture began in the 1970s and intensified in the 1990s. Currently, the Ukraine war and the high value of fertilizers have created opportunities for fertilization programs in agricultural systems with sustainable goals. This review presents updated data (1988–2024) and a discussion on the potential agricultural use of filter cake and vinasse and indicates the current progress of research on this subject in addition to future prospects. Filter cake stands out due to the formulation of organomineral fertilizers with direct application of composted or fresh forms, favoring the agronomic efficiency of phosphorus. The use of vinasse in fertigation is feasible and replaces potassium mineral fertilizers and other nutrients following an organic matrix. Future perspectives point to the agricultural use of filter cake and vinasse on a sustainable basis from different approaches. The aim is to potentiate their benefits in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. It is noteworthy that filter cake or vinasse, when combined with growth-promoting bacteria in irrigated crops, can nullify the negative effects of climate change due to increased productivity and, at the same time, meet the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. This contributes to facing global challenges related to food security by recycling nutrients for agriculture and generating clean bioenergy from sugarcane biomass.

Оценка химического состава сапропелей различных месторождений

Complex chemical composition and wide mining opportunities determine the use of sapropels and sapropel-based products in various sectors of national economy. The fullest potential of sapropel is revealed in agriculture, where it is used as fertilizer, a component of soils, raw materials for humic preparations production etc. The aim was to study the sapropels’ suitability for the production of humic fertilizers. Using validated methods we analyze chemical composition of sapropel sediments from 4 freshwater lakes located within the latitudinal section of 53–56° N in the temperate climate. Microbiological parameters of all studied samples are within the normal range. Dry matter content in the range of 46.1–51.3% corresponds to the normative indicators. The mass fraction of organic matter varies in the range of 31.8–39.9% DM. This allows classifying all samples as organo-clay, and determines the possibility of their use for soils of light granulometric composition. The relatively high content of humic (18.3–22.9% DM) and fulvic acids (3.7–6.4% DM) makes it possible to use the studied sapropel samples for the manufacture of humic preparations (especially, a sapropel sample of the lake Chervonoe, Belarus). Low P and K content (0.24–0.36% DM and 0.32–0.42% DM, respectively) can negatively affect the efficiency of fertilizers from these sapropel species; this can be avoided by mixing sapropel with manure or enrichment with mineral fertilizers. Indicators of heavy metal (Cu, Mn, Zn, Co, Pb and Cd) content in all studied samples meet the safety requirements. Samples from deeper layers of the Rusaki Lake (Altai Territory) and the Beloe Lake (Novosibirsk Region) refer to the 1st class of suitability, the rest (according to a number of indicators) – to the 2nd class. The content of trace elements in the studied sapropels is within the established norms and makes it possible to use them for replenishing the deficit of trace elements in soils. In general, all the studied samples can be used as environmentally friendly organomineral fertilizers, as well as production of humic preparations to increase in the biological and energy capacity of agrocenoses and to reproduce the soil fertility.

Performance of Cowpea as a function of residues of organomineral fertilizers applied in corn crop

Organomineral fertilizers can be an excellent alternative through exploitation of the residues left by application in previous crops. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of cowpea fertilized with residual organomineral fertilizers from the first corn crop in southern Maranhense. The experimental design was randomized blocks, arranged in a split-plot design, with three replications. Two cowpea cultivars (BRS Tucumaque and BRS Nova era) were sown in the plots. The residues of three phosphate fertilizers were sown in the subplot (two of which were organomineral fertilizers and one phosphate fertilizer (single superphosphate). At cowpea harvest, five plants were collected per plot for the following variables: number of nodes on the main stem at maturity, number of legumes per plant, number of grains per legume and weight of one thousand grains, and yield in kg ha-1. The cowpea cultivars are influenced by the cropping system (with and without U. ruziensis and organomineral sources). However, in soils with high phosphorus contents, the absence of U. ruziensis and fertilization or the use of organomineral or super simple fertilization promoted higher grain yields. The cultivar BRS Tucumaque had the highest grain yield. Organomineral and mineral fertilizer residues showed effective alternatives for increasing phosphorus availability in areas with Urochloa ruziziensis.

OBTAINING HUMATE-, NITROGEN AND MOLYBDENUM-CONTAINING LIQUID ORGANOMINERAL FERTILIZERS

The presence of humic substances (HS) and microelements in liquid organomineral fertilizers (LOMF) makes it possible to balance the mineral nutrition of plants and thereby increase the agricultural crops yield. The use of such fertilizers significantly increases the efficiency and reduces the costs of using mineral fertilizers. The aim of this work is to study the patterns of new types LOMF obtaining process, including macro- and microelements and physiologically active humic substances, and its composition and properties. Methods. Chemical analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, infrared spectroscopy. Results and discussion. The processes of synthesis of LOMF through the interaction of sodium humate and ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate were studied. Analysis of obtained results showed the same nature of the composition dependence and properties of the obtained LOMF on time. It was found that increasing the time from 10 to 120 min leads to an increase in the yield of humic acids (HAdaf) to 40.08%, the N content to 4.62% and Mo to 0.17%, the amount of COOH to 1.80 mg-eq/g and OHphen. groups – up to 0.71 mg-eq/g. It has been shown that with an increase in S:L ratio from 0.3:100 to 0.7:100, the HAdaf decreases to 36.97%, and the N and Mo contents increase, respectively, to 6.0 and 0.37%. Conclusion. The regularities of the time influence and S:L ratios on the composition and properties of LOMF samples have been established. It has been shown that an increase in time and S:L ratio contributes to an increase in the content of N and Mo, the carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups. The changes in these parameters have different effects on the HAdaf. The presence of HS, N, Mo, COOH and OHphen groups in the resulting products allows them to be used in agriculture and for restoring soil fertility.

Dataset: Cowpea Cultivars with Residual Organomineral Fertilizers from Crop Corn Cultivation

Cowpea is a critical dietary staple, especially in tropical and subtropical regions, due to its high protein content, essential amino acids, and other nutrients. This study aimed to assess the impact of residual organomineral fertilizers from a preceding corn crop on cowpea cultivars in southern Maranhão, Brazil. Two cowpea cultivars, BRS Tucumaque and BRS Nova Era, were evaluated using a randomized block design with three replications. This study incorporated two organomineral fertilizers derived from cattle manure and natural phosphates a simple superphosphate at a dose of 50 kg ha-1, and a control without phosphorus fertilization. The key agronomic traits measured included the number of nodes, pod per plant, grains per pod, thousand-grain weight, and yield per hectare. This research underscores the potential of organomineral fertilizers to enhance cowpea yield while minimizing environmental impact, offering a viable alternative to conventional fertilization methods. These findings advocate broader adoption of organomineral fertilizers in cowpea cultivation, potentially increasing yield and reducing costs. The database derived from this research is composed of 48 samples. Four types of fertilization were considered: control, simple superphosphate and two organomineral fertilizers; two planting systems with and without U. ruziensis straw; and two cultivars.