Organizational Information Systems Research Articles

A Methodological Study of Human-Computer Interaction: A Review

Abstract: The concept of human-computer interaction has emerged as a result of advancements in computer technology. As emerging technologies in the fields of mobile and cloud computing, as well as the internet of things (IoT), become more and more ingrained in our daily lives, they have started to pose a serious challenge for professionals in human-computer interaction (HCI). These technologies call for greater dedication from HCI experts in terms of systems interface design. A comprehensive study of human-computer interaction (HCI) has been presented in the current study. The design process of human-computer interaction and the current state-of-art of the same is explained in brief along with the applications of HCI. Based on the results of the review, the study recommended combining human-centred design with agile interface design methodologies. It also encouraged future research using a qualitative or quantitative approach to further explore HCI interface design methodologies, with a focus on cloud-based, AR, VR technologies and other organizational information systems.

A Two-Stage SEM–Artificial Neural Network Analysis of Integrating Ethical and Quality Requirements in Accounting Digital Technologies

Digital technologies affect all areas and activities of society. Accounting is no exception to this trend, as organizational information system accounting increasingly integrates digital technologies. The paper aims to study the integration of ethical requirements with the quality requirements in implementing digital technologies based on artificial intelligence, blockchain, the internet of things, and cloud computing in financial and managerial accounting. This empirical study of 396 accountants from Romanian organizations involves investigating the influence of ethical and quality requirements of digital technologies on the perception of users’ satisfaction in financial and managerial accounting. Empirical research encompasses a quantitative approach using structural equation modeling and artificial neural network analysis in a two-stage procedure. Some of the existing ethical issues can be addressed by implementing new digital technologies but implementing these emerging technologies can generate other ethical and quality issues that accounting and IT professionals must address in a combined effort. The research results show that the ethical requirements that influence the perception of financial and managerial accounting are security and trust. Among the quality requirements, the most critical influence in the perception of accountants is reliability.

Data Workers in Organizations: What They Do, How They Do, and Why They Do It!

Over the last decade, data workers have increasingly made their way not only into technology and born-digital firms but also in incumbent firms in long-standing industries. Organizational scientists, management scholars, and information systems researchers have started paying attention to data workers as an emerging occupational group, who tend to embody expertise in collecting, organizing, analyzing, and generating insights from data that may help in explaining as well as predicting various phenomena that are of interest to business managers or policy makers. Scholars have started examining data workers at the field level, inter-organizational level, as well as intra-organizational level. Building on this emerging literature, this symposium sets out to explore what data workers do, how they do, and why they do it, in the context of economic forecasting, medical science, as well as banking and financial services. Disenchantment with Big Data Analytics: When Knowledge Mediators Fail Presenter: Elina I. Mäkinen; Tampere U. Experts and Machines: How Central Bank Economists Produce Inferences via Simulation Model Presenter: Pauli Pakarinen; Stanford U. Custodians of Rationality: Data Scientists’ Role in Organizational Decision-Making Presenter: Mayur Prataprai Joshi; Alliance Manchester Business School, U. of Manchester Legitimating Illegitimate Practices: How Data Analysts Compromised Standards to Scale Expertise Presenter: Ryan Stice-Lusvardi; Stanford U.

From information systems resources to effective use: Moderating effect of network embeddedness

This research examines how organizations can achieve effective information systems (IS) use by aligning internal IS resources with embeddedness in the IS outsourcing network. Leveraging the empirical opportunity of large-scale organization-wide meaningful use attestation of electronic health records, we conducted a longitudinal analysis of US hospitals from 2013 to 2017. We found that an organization’s network embeddedness amplifies the positive relationship between IS resources and effective IS use. We also identify different impacts depending on network embeddedness types and organization sizes. We found positive moderating effects of structural and positional embeddedness. However, junctional embeddedness has no direct or moderating effect on IS use. In addition, the moderating effects manifest differently for different-sized organizations – i.e., structural embeddedness has a stronger positive moderating effect for large organizations, while positional embeddedness’ positive moderating effect is stronger for small organizations. We also found heterogeneous direct effects of structural and positional embeddedness on organizational IS use. Solely depending on structural embeddedness will result in lower IS use, which is more prominent for small organizations. Positional embeddedness has a negative direct effect on small organizations’ IS use but positively relates to large organizations’ IS use. This research highlights the role of network embeddedness in facilitating IS use and offers a nuanced understanding of its impacts. Our findings also provide practical implications for organizational IS use through strategic IS outsourcing.

해양공간계획 및 관리에 관한 법의 한계와 개선방안

In order to comprehensively manage the marine space, Korea enacted the Act on ‘Marine Spatial Planning(MSP) and Management’ in 2018. However it has been doubtable that the Act has some inadequacies to effectively deal with sea use conflict due to the lack of institutional frame-work of marine governance and integrated marine spatial information system. Accordingly, this paper aimed to analyze the factor of inadequacies of the current system and to propose improvement of the Act. By conducting this study, the paper analyzed the domestic law and the emerging international MSP discourse by understanding of each state’s legal and institutional framework. As a result We found that MSP has some key values that not only standardize huge volume of marine spatial information and give decision-makers to optical marine using scenario based on scientific results but utilize these information on approval. Furthermore each state introduces different system to achieve these values but has a similar pattern that the state established inter-ministerial executive organization to manage MSP and Integrated Marine Information System to comprehensively deal with datas. Among the cases United States, United Kingdom, China was selected as an example due to its well-ordered MSP system supported by ministries. Finally, the study came to the conclusion that Korea’s MSP needs an integrated marine information system and exclusive organization to manage MSP. To introduce above system, the study suggested that the exclusive organization is needed to be empowered the ‘Deemed Authorization or Permission’. This paper will provide a solid legal basis of an effective enforcement of MSP. By preventing uncertainty of zoning, this resolution will contribute to enhancing the public acceptance of MSP and defusing future conflicts in competing uses of marine space.

The GameStop saga: Reddit communities and the emerging conflict between new and old media

This paper focuses on the (continuing) GameStop (GME) saga, where users of the subreddit Wallstreetbets (and later r/GME) subreddit challenged the flow of financial information from legacy media outlets in understanding financial manipulations and possibilities involved in the GME stock price. An extraordinary surge in value was attributed to activity on Wallstreetbets subreddit where users had been touting the stock for almost a year. While initially portrayed by traditional media as an almost humorous attempt to strike back at Wall Street, legacy reporting soon turned negative. Financial outlet news and information used top down, expert driven communication strategies to claim the surge was ephemeral and the product of crowd sourcing manipulation techniques. They soon stopped reporting altogether. The subreddit communities evolved, using bottom-up communication strategies to challenge “old” media narratives while using open source analysis and platform functionalities to maintain and expand an organized information and support system that functioned outside of traditional media boundaries. Different approaches to gatekeeping (expert driven vs. moderator/user driven) and analysis and dissemination (legacy/historically valid vs. open source) led to very different, often time conflicting, development of information, perspectives and calls to action. These differences, and the way they are treated in the larger society highlight how the Internet has reanimated the Lippman-Dewey debate over information and decision making from the early part of the twentieth century. While Lippman might claim Reddit sites are an illusion, Dewey might recognize possibilities for different type(s) of distributed activities crucial to a vibrant participatory democracy.

Current Evidence About the Role of Animals in the Transmission of Sars-Cov-2: Implications for Public Health

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 is the denomination of the new betacoronavirus, which was discovered and isolated for the first time in Wuhan, China, at the end of December 2019, and it is the causal agent of the sanitary emergency of the COVID-19 pandemic. Experimental studies have shown susceptibility to infection in pets (dogs and cats). Objective: To present the current information available on SARS-CoV-2 in animals under the care of humans that have been officially reported in the sanitary registries of the World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS) of the World Organization for Animal Health. Materials and methods: We conducted a narrative review using Medline/ PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, and official documents of the World Organisation for Animal Health. The search terms used were as follows: “coronavirus”, “SARS coronavirus 2019”, “SARS-CoV”, “SARS-CoV-2 in dog and/or cat” “pets SARS-CoV-2”. Results: The studies reviewed in this manuscript highlight those positive cases in cats and dogs for SARS-CoV-2 have been associated with an exposure to positive COVID-19 people. In the available evidence, 55.17 % of the total cases of animals that were positive for SARS-CoV-2 were associated with people with COVID-19 who had the disease at home, possibly due to maintaining a longer exposure to the humans. Conclusion: Regarding the zoonotic aspects, it is important to clarify that although several animal species have been infected by SARSCoV- 2, none of them has been scientifically proven to represent a risk of direct transmission between positive animals and other humans or to play an epidemiological role in the disease.

Current Evidence About the Role of Animals in the Transmission of Sars-Cov-2: Implications for Public Health

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 is the denomination of the new betacoronavirus, which was discovered and isolated for the first time in Wuhan, China, at the end of December 2019, and it is the causal agent of the sanitary emergency of the COVID-19 pandemic. Experimental studies have shown susceptibility to infection in pets (dogs and cats). Objective: To present the current information available on SARS-CoV-2 in animals under the care of humans that have been officially reported in the sanitary registries of the World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS) of the World Organization for Animal Health. Materials and methods: We conducted a narrative review using Medline/ PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, and official documents of the World Organisation for Animal Health. The search terms used were as follows: “coronavirus”, “SARS coronavirus 2019”, “SARS-CoV”, “SARS-CoV-2 in dog and/or cat” “pets SARS-CoV-2”. Results: The studies reviewed in this manuscript highlight those positive cases in cats and dogs for SARS-CoV-2 have been associated with an exposure to positive COVID-19 people. In the available evidence, 55.17 % of the total cases of animals that were positive for SARS-CoV-2 were associated with people with COVID-19 who had the disease at home, possibly due to maintaining a longer exposure to the humans. Conclusion: Regarding the zoonotic aspects, it is important to clarify that although several animal species have been infected by SARSCoV- 2, none of them has been scientifically proven to represent a risk of direct transmission between positive animals and other humans or to play an epidemiological role in the disease.

Information systems as a nexus of information technology systems: A new view of information systems practice

The close relationship between the concepts of information systems and information technology creates issues for researchers. Usefully distinguishing between the concepts is problematic. We investigate the use of the systems concept in practice, finding a pragmatic distinction between an information system (IS) and an information technology system (IT system). In a practice view, an IS incorporates an emphasis on both a technical and a social subsystem, while an IT system predominantly emphasizes the technical elements. This distinction becomes useful in practice because contemporary IS practitioners are often involved in acquiring and integrating IT systems into an organizational IS. This involvement leads to a viewpoint on the organizational IS (including the social subsystem) as a nexus of multiple IT systems. This nexus creates issues in practice for not only integrating IT systems into the organizational IS, but also integrating multiple IT systems with each other in the context of the organizational IS. These issues lead to research opportunities such as the need for new methodologies for IT system acquisitions and new theories that accommodate the social integration of IT systems and IS.

Citizen behaviors, enterprise social media and firm performance

PurposeThe goal of this study is twofold: first, it seeks to investigate how enterprise social media (ESM) usage contributes to firm performance, especially through operational performance metrics; second, to identify the ESM users’ behaviors that help to improve firm performance.Design/methodology/approachAn interpretive case study of a medium-sized manufacturing company in the food industry. After developing a theoretical framework, an exploratory research was undertaken about the use of an ESM. Qualitative methods were adopted for data collection and analytic induction for data analysis, using structural and descriptive coding. A series of semi-structured interviews with senior managers and middle-managers were conducted. Operations performance metrics were also assessed through documentary analysis before and after the implementation of the ESM.FindingsThe study integrates concepts and theories from across three main fields of research, namely organizational behaviors, management and information systems. It complements the extant research on ESM by providing a new theoretical framework that connects ESM use with firm performance. Empirical findings suggest that ESM contributes to firm performance through social capital development fostered by organizational citizenship behaviors. The emergence of leadership development has been also observed.Research limitations/implicationsThe exploratory nature of the study combined with the fact that it has been conducted within a single organization greatly limits the generalization of the findings.Practical implicationsManagers can use the findings of this study as a support of a successful ESM implementation. Besides, it provides references for practitioners aiming to use and evaluate ESM and their corresponding citizenship behaviors within a manufacturing milieu.Originality/valueThe paper is the first to bring a multi-disciplinary perspective of the contribution of ESM usage on firm performance-based in a social capital enacted by organizational citizenship behaviors. These understandings add new insights to the literature and establish new theoretical connections between organizational citizenship behaviors, ESM use and social capital that also allowed to emerge leadership development.

Substantiation for the selection criteria for a medical asset management information system in military medical organizations

The modern information systems market offers a large number of software products for the management of medical assets. Therefore, the substantiation for the criteria for selecting information systems is relevant area of decision-making policy for the management of the medical-military organisation. The purpose of the study was to substantiate the criteria. The materials of the study include the works of Russian scientists in the sphere of organizing civil and military healthcare, managing medical property resources, the methodology of sociological research, and other scientific, methodological, and reference literature on the topic of the study, as well as questionnaires completed by experts. Structural-functional, system and problem analysis, statistical methods of analysis, methods of sociological research, methods of comparison and description, and logical analysis were used during the research. The sociological study was carried out on the basis of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the pharmaceutical profile departments and consisted of two stages: the formation of an initial list of criteria based on the results of content analysis and problem analysis; expert assessment according to the Delphi method in several stages (rounds). As a result of the study, the criteria for selecting an information system for managing medical assets in military medical organizations are substantiated. At the same time, a simple in implementation and subsequent statistical processing method with reliable results that can be used for making a decision on the selection of an information system, taking into account the specifics of each military medical organization, has been substantiated and applied.

Implementation of PSAP Number 13 at Arifin Achmad Hospital Riau Province

To realize a good governance system, it is necessary to make changes in the field of financial accounting, as well as apply a standard, guidelines, and principles as a reference for every government organization in preparing financial reports. Therefore, the Minister of Finance issued Regulation of the Minister of Finance (PMK) Number 217/PMK.05/2015 concerning the statement of accrual-based Government Accounting Standards (PSAP), namely PSAP No. 13 concerning the presentation of the financial statements of the Public Service Agency (BLU). This BLU / BLUD financial report provides information about the economic resources and obligations of the BLU / BLUD at the reporting date and the flow of economic resources during the current period. Users need this information to evaluate the economic capability of BLU / BLUD in future activities. For that we need a test of the factors that can affect the implementation of PSAP No. 13 of them. This study will examine the effect of Organizational Commitment, Human Resources and Information Systems on the Implementation of PSAP No. 13. This research will be conducted at RSUD Arifin Achmad, Riau Province. The research approach uses quantitative with primary data sources. The test uses multiple regression testing with SPSS 23. The results of statistical tests show that Organizational Commitment and Human Resources (HR) have no significant effect on the implementation of PSAP No. 13, while the Information System has a significant effect on the implementation of PSAP No. 13.

An approach for metadata extraction and transformation for various data sources using R programming language

The metadata system is the key system for sharing and transforming data between various information systems (ISs), and each database system has its own structure for storing and retrieving metadata information. Metadata information must be extracted for data transformation. Furthermore, these procedures were required to communicate with each type of database system and retrieve the stored metadata; these processes required much information and effort. To overcome the challenge of accessing and extracting metadata from any type of data source, a unifomed method must be developed and integrated into any organization's information systems. The semi-structured data extraction method (SeDEM) is a developed method that includes three main operations: logical structure operation, unique key operation, and relationships operation. Finally, the accurate information obtained using the SeDEM addressed data quality issues concerning the integrity and completeness of the data transformation.

Влияние уровня лояльности пациентов на экономические показатели деятельности медицинской организации при оказании платных медицинских услуг

I n t r o d u c t i o n . In modern conditions of the paid medical services market, the vector of competition development is shifting from the concept of classical marketing to relationship marketing, and in these circumstances the issues of forming, retaining and managing patient loyalty come to the fore. The authors propose to consider a fundamentally different approach to measuring patient loyalty by a medical organization. In their opinion, the most effective method for studying the level of loyalty in combination with economic indicators is the consumer loyalty index (English Net Promoter Score, NPS), developed and first introduced in 2003 by Fred Reichheld. T h e p u r p o s e o f t h e r e s e a r c h is to study the impact of patient loyalty on improving the economic efficiency of a medical organization providing paid medical services. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . A study was planned and conducted using the NPS methodology to study patient loyalty. The survey of patients was carried out through SMS messages in automatic mode using a service integrated into the medical information system (MIS) of a medical organization. Previously, patients provided consent to the processing and transfer of their personal data. The results of the survey and data on the actual payment for paid medical services for each respondent were integrated into a consolidated database for further statistical processing. R e s u l t s . The study involved 39320 patients of the dental clinic. The results obtained during the study period coincided with the calculations of Fred Reichheld and confirmed the relevance of the application of this methodology in the current conditions of the paid medical services market. It has been established that the loyalty of patients to a medical organization affects the increase in economic indicators, and achieving a sustainable growth rate of a medical organization and predictable positive financial indicators is impossible without creating a base of loyal repeat patients. In addition, increasing the level of loyalty of repeat patients has a positive effect on NPS, which is directly related to an increase in the average cost of medical appointment and net sales. C o n c l u s i o n . Thus, the level of patient loyalty has a direct impact on the main economic indicators of the medical organization activity.

Optimal Maturity Level Development for Government Goods/Services Procurement Organizations (UKBPJ) in Indonesia

The establishment of the Goods/Services Procurement Unit (UKPBJ) is part of the program to increase the Procurement of Goods/Services as an indicator of an efficient and corruption-free Government procurement system. The changes are expected to be implemented in the form of a permanent and structural organization based on the Capability Maturity Model (CMM) theory. The purpose of this study is to build a conceptual model of change management to increase the UKPBJ Maturity Level. This research uses a combination research method approach (mixed methods research) and the analysis of the data used in this study is Logical Framework Analysis (LFA). To manage organizational change, a recommended conceptual model of organizational change is needed, namely the Strategic Model Change Management. Where external and internal influences of the organization are input into changes driven by leadership, culture, and human resources factors. Through the UKPBJ Strategic Model Change Management, change strategies can be managed to increase UKPBJ maturity. Variables that influence the success of UKPBJ organizational maturity include organizational variables, human resources, business processes and information systems. Keywords: public sector, change management, logical framework analysis (LFA), organizational improvement, good government

Estimation of regional farmland irrigation water requirements and water balance in Northeast China.

Agricultural water use has long accounted for more than 70% of water consumption in Northeast China. Estimating farmland irrigation water requirements and water balance is essential to ensure safe agricultural water and promote rational development and utilization of regional water resources. In this study, based on the modified Penman-Monteith equation recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, the net crop irrigation water requirements for four main crops in Northeast China were calculated, and the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics were also analyzed. Additionally, regional farmland irrigation water requirements were estimated, water balance in a typical year was determined, and the dominant factors affecting farmland irrigation water requirements in different regions were analyzed. From 1986 to 2020, the net irrigation water requirements for four main crops all showed the temporal trend of no significant increase and the spatial distribution characteristic of being high in the west and low in the east. The farmland irrigation water requirement decreased, and the monthly average farmland irrigation water requirement peaked in July during 2010-2019. Compared with 2010, in 2019, the irrigation water requirement per cultivated land grid cell in 20 cities increased and that in 16 cities decreased. Most cities were facing varying degrees of water shortage. Precipitation had the greatest direct effect on the farmland irrigation water requirement in different regions. These results quantify the farmland irrigation water requirement and water balance in Northeast China, and provide a reference for water resources and related environmental governance.

Letter from the Editor

As an academic field, ‘information science’ has repeatedly been characterized as complex and interdisciplinary. When investigating “the properties and behavior of information, the forces governing the flow of information, and the means of processing information,” information science scholars converse with external disciplines (Borko, 1968, p. 3). They borrow theory, adopt frameworks, and apply methodologies from what have been termed ‘content’ or ‘conventional’ disciplines, e.g., mathematics, linguistics, computer science, philosophy, strategic management, psychology, communications, library science (Bates, 1999). Simultaneously, information science practitioners contribute their own insights regarding the organization, representation, form, management, and use of information and information systems in the conventional disciplines. By attending to all the conventional disciplines, information science behaves as a ‘meta-discipline’ (Bates, 1999). This issue aligns with this notion of information science as a ‘meta-discipline’ that is both parallel and perpendicular to conventional disciplines.

The Use of Data Storage in the Economy and Management of the Agribusiness

The use of electronic data exchange technologies between own and external information systems in agricultural organizations is considered; examples of the use of data storages, approaches to their design using domestic analytical platforms are given. The integration of data storages of agricultural organizations with the Central Information and Analytical System “Systems of State Information Support in the Sphere of Agriculture” (CIAS SGO SH) of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia is proposed.

Process Aware Host-based Intrusion Detection Model

Nowadays, many organizations use Process Aware Information Systems (PAISs) to automate their business process. As any other information systems, security plays a major role in PAIS to provide a secure state and maintain the system in it. In order to provide security in a PAIS, a Process Aware Host-based Intrusion Detection (PAHID) model is proposed in this paper. The model detects host-based intrusions in a PAIS using process mining techniques.The proposed model uses both anomaly detection and misuse detection techniques for more efficiency, and organizational perspective of process mining is considered (rather than control-flow perspective) to detect more attack types. The model is automated and can deal with large logs and is suitable for flexible application domains. The PAHID model is implemented by the use of ProM framework and Java programming. It is evaluated by using a simulated log based on a real-world organization information system. Results demonstrate that the model provides high accuracy and low false positive rate.

INFORMATION SYSTEM STRATEGIC PLANNING USING FRAMEWORK WARD AND PEPPARD IN PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY

Competition throughout the business world is currently very tight and also the development of information technology is very fast by requiring companies to have new innovations and creations and to use all technology which can certainly maintain the market and consumers they have, then each industry must formulate strategic plans so that policies taken to be effective and efficient, not only strategic planning in the general field, but strategic planning in the field of information systems also greatly influences the sustainability of a company's success. Information systems are an important part of the company to support company performance. Of course, pharmaceutical companies must always try to improve their ability to compete by utilizing existing technology. To achieve this goal, company has strategically designed information systems that can help improve company performance. To make a good Information System strategic plan, an information system strategic plan is needed that can help optimize the strategic role of the company's organizational information system and increase the value of competitive ability and create competitive advantage. This research was conducted to make strategic planning of information systems to increase company sales and describe the Ward and Peppard methodology.