Organizational Units Research Articles

Digitisasi arsip dan doktrin religius pada komunitas Kristen Mormon

Introduction. This research examines two questions: first, what is the relationship between archive digitalization and religious doctrines within the Mormon Christian Community? Second, how do these implications affect the interpretation of archival spirituality? The Mormon Christian Community has developed archival institutions as one of the early organizational units and established the world's largest digital genealogical archive site. This site is open and accessible to anyone. However, studies on the connection between archive digitalization and Mormon religious doctrines are still relatively scarce. Data Collection Methods. The research used a qualitative method based on archival research and was conducted in Indonesia from July to October 2022. Data Analysis. The researchers used technical data analysis techniques such as selection, reduction, categorization, and conceptualization. Results and Discussion. The familysearch.org site is a digital genealogical archive portal developed by the Mormon Christian Community. This portal evidences that archival spirituality within this community encompasses the comprehensive management of archives legitimized and oriented toward religious doctrines. Conclusion. Archive digitalization is a part of sacred practices. In this context, archival spirituality occurs as archive management receives legitimacy and orientation from religious doctrines. Therefore, religious communities can advance archive digitalization by employing religious doctrines as a basis.

Overlapping modernity and tradition: rethinking the danwei as a basic urban unit in modern China

ABSTRACT The danwei was the basic unit of social organization and urban form in China during the period of the planned economy, and this role, which encompasses various dimensions such as administration, production, and welfare, is a unique feature of China's modernization process. This study attempts to explain how the danwei actively influenced the development of socialist China from both modern and traditional perspectives. From a modern perspective, the danwei relates to the modern concept of urban planning, and its efficient spatial organization brings a new way of life in the industrial age. From a traditional perspective, the enclosed nature, social control, and patriarchal management style of the danwei maintained the characteristics of ancient society rooted in traditional culture, making it accepted by the public and facilitating the process of industrialization in a short period. This article aims to show that the danwei, as a pragmatic method blending modernity with tradition, played an indispensable role in China's transition from an agricultural to a modern society and continues to influence social life and urban form in contemporary China.

Topography and buildings of an early Islamic Andalusi city: evidence for Madīnat Ilbīra from excavations and ground penetrating radar

ABSTRACT Madīnat Ilbīra was the capital of one of the territorial organization units of the Umayyad state. The city was founded in the second half of the ninth century, and then abandoned in the eleventh century as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Córdoba and the transfer of the centre of the region to Granada. Its remains were located only in the nineteenth century. Modern excavations and non-invasive geophysical prospections carried out in this century allow the reconstruction of the spatial system of the city in the era of its greatest prosperity, the location of the citadel and the main mosque, and the reconstruction of the city’s buildings.

The Development Strategy of The Civil Apparatus of Pemalang Regency Through the Bureaucratic Evaluation Information System (Serabi)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of the SERABI (Bureaucratic Reform Evaluation System Application) in monitoring and evaluating the state civil apparatus in Pemalang Regency, and to identify any obstacles encountered in its use. Theoretical reference: The study is grounded in the theory of e-government and its role in enhancing public administration through technological innovations, specifically in the context of bureaucratic reform and public service delivery. Method: The research employed a qualitative method with a descriptive approach to assess the implementation of the SERABI application. Data were collected through direct observation, interviews, and document analysis related to the usage of the SERABI system by various Organizational Units (OPDs) within the Pemalang Regency Government. Results and Conclusion: The study found that the implementation of the SERABI application in Pemalang Regency has generally been successful, with most OPDs completing self-assessments and inputting the required data into the system. However, there were discrepancies in the evaluation scores for three OPDs, which received a grade of D, indicating room for improvement. The results suggest that while the SERABI application has been effective in promoting compliance and facilitating bureaucratic reform, certain challenges remain, particularly in ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the evaluations. Implications of research: The findings imply that while e-government applications like SERABI can significantly improve the efficiency and transparency of bureaucratic processes, continuous monitoring, training, and support are necessary to address implementation challenges and improve system accuracy. Policymakers and administrators can use these insights to refine their strategies for deploying similar e-government solutions. Originality/value: This study provides valuable insights into the practical application of an e-government innovation in a regional setting. By focusing on the SERABI application, it highlights the specific challenges and successes associated with using technology to drive bureaucratic reform, offering a model for other regions looking to implement similar initiatives.

Strategic Management of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises - Is There Space for Functional Strategies?

Based on strategic management principles, it is reasonable to assume that lower-level units within the organizational structure, such as business and functional levels, will be carrying out the strategies. However, such organizational units should be considered not only as decision implementers, but also as strategists and program developers for the areas of activity in which they operate. Managers at the functional level solve problems related to setting goals and objectives in areas such as marketing, resource allocation, finance, production, and accounting. There is a lack of research on functional strategies, emphasizing the need for additional studies and publications. The goal of this paper is to outline significant elements of functional strategies, with a particular emphasis on their distinctiveness in comparison to other strategic aspects of management in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Additionally, the paper aims to explore the feasibility of implementing such strategies within these enterprises. The study seeks to accomplish its objectives through the utilization of theoretical deduction, in conjunction with the analysis of data derived from a concise survey of SMEs and pertinent practical illustrations. From a scientific perspective, the study's findings are predominantly positive rather than normative-regulatory in nature.

Nurturing perseverance: The influence of workplace spirituality

Orientation: The turbulent external environment has caused employees to resign at an alarming rate. Employers are also struggling with issues such as low productivity and low work engagement. In response to these challenges, it is necessary to consider what motivates employees to work hard consistently without giving up when faced with adversity and setbacks.Research purpose: The purpose of the study was to establish whether workplace spirituality at an individual, work unit and organisational level enhances perseverance.Motivation for the study: Contemporary employees are challenged personally and in the work context. Remaining motivated and invested in their work despite these challenges requires a higher form of inspiration, which suggests the importance of workplace spirituality.Research approach/design and method: The research adopted both a deductive and an inductive research approach, and a descriptive cross-sectional research design was used. Data were collected utilising a survey strategy, and the final sample consisted of 385 respondents.Main findings: The study’s findings show that individual spirituality influences perseverance. Individual spirituality fully mediates the influence of organisational spirituality and work unit spirituality on perseverance.Practical/managerial implications: To ensure that employees work hard consistently despite challenges and hardships, workplace spirituality should be considered at the individual, work unit and organisational levels. Emphasis also needs to be placed on supporting the spiritual development and growth of spiritual employees, as individual spirituality seems to promote perseverance.Contribution/value-add: The study contributes to theory development and knowledge creation of workplace spirituality and perseverance constructs.

Evolving Client–Vendor Relationship: As Manifested Through an Artificial Intelligence Research Unit of an Indian IT Organization

The Indian information technology (IT) sector is traditionally known for delivering IT and business process management (BPM) services to clients across the globe. To ensure the longevity of this client and service provider relationship, Indian IT organizations have made significant client-specific investments and actively engaged them in offshore development activities. One of the outcomes from such investments can be seen in terms of the very high maturity standards that Indian IT organizations currently exhibit in the context of IT–BPM service delivery. In recent times, these organizations are also undertaking offshore projects around emerging technologies. Such projects, especially those related to artificial intelligence (AI), are largely centred around the automation of client-focused BPM services. Given their relative nascency, such projects are primarily led by the AI research units that are rapidly diffusing across Indian IT organizations. In this study, we rely on a four-month-long ethnography to explore a client and vendor (or service-provider) relationship as manifested through one such AI research unit of an Indian IT organization situated in Bengaluru, India. Our objective from this study is to understand how these new offshore AI projects affect the longevity of the relationship between clients and the Indian IT service providers. Given the nature of emerging technology workflows, our findings indicate a tilt more towards meeting client-side expectations than that of vendors in these projects. We portend that this can potentially disrupt the longevity of the client–vendor relationship in the Indian IT services sector, and, therefore, both the clients and vendors must attend to the peculiarities of offshore emerging technology projects to mitigate such disruptions.

SSCM: a secured approach to supply chain management with control management using blowfish optimization

ABSTRACT This study examines the importance of enterprise information systems that link several corporate organisations to share information about diverse products under high security settings. The primary goal of the proposed strategy is to create a direct link between product demand and production to minimise the impact of rising costs. The research motive to make a connection cannot be resolved without suitable data that shows both quantity and quality in each organisation unit. The suggested method is designed to deliver accurate data to authorised end users while preventing any data exposure to unauthorised users. Security cryptographic keys are utilised to create a data control method, and the blowfish algorithm is integrated with the projected system model to segregate data blocks for enterprise systems. Four scenarios are considered where the results show that by using the integrated model, it is feasible to increase the number of authorisation units to 88%, compared to the 75% attained with the current approach.

Examining the Implications of Knowledge Boundaries for a Large-Scale Agile Transformation Initiative of a Manufacturing Company

To stay competitive in today’s environment, characterized by changing customer requirements, digitalization, new technologies, etc., companies must deliver fast and continuous innovation. Manufacturing companies have therefore started to launch large-scale agile transformation initiatives. A specificity of manufacturing companies is their need for deeply specialized organizational units. Knowledge boundaries resulting from knowledge specialization tend to impact transformation initiatives. Therefore, this work examines the implications of knowledge boundaries between organizational units for a large-scale agile transformation initiative of a manufacturing company. The findings show that these knowledge boundaries imply a need for knowledge integration based on flexibility and dynamism as key aspects. A conceptual model that illustrates these aspects during the initial phase of implementation of these transformation initiatives is presented.

Defining the transition from new to normal: a qualitative investigation of the clinical change process.

Understanding how and when a new evidence-based clinical intervention becomes standard practice is crucial to ensure that healthcare is delivered in alignment with the most up-to-date knowledge. However, rigorous methods are needed to determine when a new clinical practice becomes normalized to the standard of care. To address this gap, this study qualitatively explores how, when, and why a clinical practice change becomes normalized within healthcare organizations. We used purposive sampling to recruit clinical leaders who worked in implementation science across diverse health contexts. Enrolled participants completed semi-structured interviews. Qualitative data analysis was guided by a modified version of the Normalization Process Theory (NPT) framework to identify salient themes. Identified normalization strategies were mapped to the Expert Recommendations for Implementation Change (ERIC) project. A total of 17 individuals were interviewed. Participants described four key signals for identifying when a novel clinical practice becomes the new normal: 1) integration into existing workflows; 2) scaling across the entire organizational unit; 3) staff buy-in and ownership; and 4) sustainment without ongoing monitoring. Participants identified salient strategies to normalize new clinical interventions: 1) taking a patient approach; 2) gaining staff buy-in and ownership; and 3) conducting ongoing measurement of progress towards normalization. The results offer valuable insight into the indicators that signify when a novel clinical practice becomes normalized, and the strategies employed to facilitate this transition. These findings can inform future research to develop instruments that implementation leaders can use to systematically measure the clinical change process.

THE ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE IMPLICATIONS IN ENHANCING THE INTEGRITY OF ADMINISTRATIVE LEADERSHIP

This research aims to explore the nature of the impact of organizational justice on the integrity of administrative leadership, for a sample of employees at the College of Management and Economics at the University of Al-Qadisiyah, through distributing a questionnaire totaling 60, of which 50 were valid for analysis and 10 were invalid, with a response rate of 83%. Organizational justice was expressed as an independent variable through three dimensions: distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice, based on the scale developed by Niehoff & Moorman (1993), while the integrity of leadership was expressed as a dependent variable through five dimensions: courage, humility, fairness, rationality, and humanity, based on the scale by Wang & Hackett (2015). Several measurement tools were used in the practical aspect, relying on SPSS statistical analysis software to calculate means, standard deviations, linear regression analysis, and correlation, in addition to using the T-test. The research concluded with a number of findings, the most important of which indicated that the level of organizational justice enjoyed by the officials in the researched organization was at moderate levels according to the opinions of the research sample. The research also provided a set of recommendations, the most important of which emphasized the necessity of enhancing all dimensions of organizational justice, including distributive, procedural, and interactional, in organizations due to their significant role in creating sound administrative leadership that fosters a positive and constructive work environment, ensuring the existence of an integrated organizational unit.

A qualitative exploration of challenges and factors in research data management across Indonesian research institutes

This research investigates the challenges and factors that influence the implementation of research data management (RDM) in Indonesian research institutes. This study conducted in-depth interviews with six data managers from five Indonesian research institutions using a qualitative research approach. The interview data were analyzed using NVivo software, and the TOPE framework guided the identification of factors and challenges in (RDM) implementation. Critical aspects in RDM implementation are applications, hardware, culture, organizational units, institutional policies, leadership support, awareness, knowledge, education, skills, funder regulations, and government policies. Challenges in RDM implementation encompass access control, data quality, ease of use, building trust, availability of responsible staff, user understanding, researchers’ resistance, awareness, and inter-institutional relations. Research on data management, especially in developing countries like Indonesia, is limited. This study contributes by providing a high-level overview of research institutions in Indonesia, enhancing their understanding of the challenges and critical aspects involved in establishing effective RDM within their institutions.

A Comparison of Two Transport Monitor Systems With Regard to Efficiency and Staff Satisfaction in the Perioperative Setting.

Medical research aims to improve patient safety and efficiency in the perioperative setting. One critical aspect of patient safety is the intrahospital transfer of patients. Also, reliable monitoring of vital signs is crucial to support the medical staff. This study was conducted to assesstwo monitoring systems in terms of the handover time andstaff satisfaction. To assess several aspects, two monitoring systems were compared: an organizational unit-related monitoring system that needs to be changed and brought back to the initial organizational unit after the patient transfer and a patient-specific monitoring system that accompanies the patient during the whole perioperative process. In total, 243 patients were included, and 375 transfers were examined to analyze economic factors, including differences in handover times and user-friendliness. To this end, 30 employees of the Heidelberg University Hospital were asked about their satisfaction with the two monitoring systems based on a systematic questionnaire. It could be shown that, especially during transfers from the operating theater to the intensive care unit or the recovery room, the time from arrival to fully centralized monitoring and the total handover time were significantly shorter with the patient-specific monitoring system (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the staff was more satisfied with the patient-specific monitor system in terms of flexibility, cleanabilityand usability. The increased employee satisfaction and significant time benefits during intrahospital transports may increase patient safety and efficiency of patient care, reduce employee workload, and reduce costs in the overall context of patient care.

Coordinated wound responses in a regenerative animal-algal holobiont

Animal regeneration involves coordinated responses across cell types throughout the animal body. In endosymbiotic animals, whether and how symbionts react to host injury and how cellular responses are integrated across species remain unexplored. Here, we study the acoel Convolutriloba longifissura, which hosts symbiotic Tetraselmis sp. green algae and can regenerate entire bodies from tissue fragments. We show that animal injury causes a decline in the photosynthetic efficiency of the symbiotic algae, alongside two distinct, sequential waves of transcriptional responses in acoel and algal cells. The initial algal response is characterized by the upregulation of a cohort of photosynthesis-related genes, though photosynthesis is not necessary for regeneration. A conserved animal transcription factor, runt, is induced after injury and required for acoel regeneration. Knockdown of Cl-runt dampens transcriptional responses in both species and further reduces algal photosynthetic efficiency post-injury. Our results suggest that the holobiont functions as an integrated unit of biological organization by coordinating molecular networks across species through the runt-dependent animal regeneration program.

Pengaruh Akuntabilitas Dan Transparansi Terhadap Pengelolaan Dana Desa

This study aims to determine the effect of accountability and transparency on the management of village funds. The type of research used in this study is quantitative research. The population in this study were employees from villages in Parakansalak sub-district, namely Sukakersa village, Sukatani village, and Parakansalak village, totaling 63 people. the sample in this study were village government administrators and administrators of village institutions and organizational units related to the management of village funds totaling 62 people. In this study sampling with saturated sampling technique. The data collection technique used is primary data. The analysis technique used validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing. the results showed that the research data were normally distributed, based on the normality test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test, no deviations were found. this indicates that the available data have met the requirements for using multiple linear regression models. the results showed that the accountability variable had a significant effect on the management of village funds and the transparency variable had a significant effect on the management of village funds. meanwhile, simultaneously accountability and transparency had a significant effect on the management of village funds.

Two Level Security for Key Access Using Cloud Computing

In this work, the author constructs a key access management scheme that seamlessly transitions any hierarchical-like access policy to the digital medium. The proposed scheme allows any public cloud system to be used as a private cloud. We consider the data owner an entity consisting of several organization units. We provide a secure method for each user of this entity to access the public cloud from both inside and outside the company’s network. The idea of the key access control scheme, which is based on Shamir’s secret sharing algorithm and polynomial interpolation method, is suitable especially for hierarchical organizational structures. It offers a secure, flexible, and hierarchical key access mechanism for organizations utilizing mission-critical data.

Managing internationalisation versus managing diversity? Global imperatives and national trajectories in German and Polish universities

ABSTRACT In institutions of higher education, both internationality and diversity are highly valued. Yet the relationship between these two values often remains undefined. On the one hand, the ‘internationalisation imperative’ and the ‘diversity imperative’ can be regarded as two sides of the same coin. On the other hand, they are perceived as two different tasks and are associated with different groups, interests, and organisational units. To better understand their nexus, this article presents a comparative analysis of German and Polish universities. It identifies the administrative units and actors responsible for managing internationalisation and diversity. Mixed methods were used, including surveys in university administrations, publicly available data from universities’ websites, and qualitative interviews with practitioners in both fields. The results illustrate how the traditional ‘International Offices’ and the more recently established ‘Diversity Offices’ are equipped and related to each other. Regarding internationalisation, German and Polish universities have comparable national trajectories as both institutionalise this task at the administrative level and within university leadership. At the same time, there is a gap between the two countries in terms of how they deal with the diversity imperative. Finally, the article raises the practical question of whether the respective units need to reconceptualise their relationship in the future.

Workplace Climate for Sexual and Gender Minorities in Athletic Training.

Sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) are individuals with sexual orientations, gender identities, or expressions (or a combination of these) that differ from cultural norms. Sexual and gender minorities often face workplace discrimination and report decreased physical and emotional well-being from discrimination. To explore the workplace climate of SGM athletic trainers (ATs). Sequential mixed-methods study. Web-based survey and interviews. Criterion sampling of SGM ATs (117 survey participants and 12 interview participants). We modified the LGBTQ Inclusion Assessment and the Organizational Self-Assessment for the survey and developed a semistructured interview script (scale-level content validity index = 0.94). We used means ± SDs, frequencies (%), and the consensual qualitative research tradition to characterize participant responses. Trustworthiness was established through reflexivity (researchers checking bias throughout the research process), member-checking, multianalyst triangulation, and internal and external auditing. Participants indicated their workplace was inclusive (24 [20.5%]), somewhat inclusive (29 [24.8%]), or not inclusive (14 [12.0%]) or did not indicate at all (50 [42.7%]). Respondents most often noted they were unsure of which stage of change their organizations and organizational units were in addressing lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, pansexual, intersex, asexual, 2-spirit, and all within the community of queer and transspectrum identities (LGBTQPIA+) concerns in the workplace as well as specific actions taken for inclusion. Two domains emerged from the interview data: safety and inclusion. The safety domain represented aspects of the workplace climate that made participants feel safe and includes organizational initiatives (12/12), patient-centered policies (7/12), local and federal regulations (7/12), and signaling (12/12). The inclusion domain represented how participants felt a sense of belonging to the organization through their own experience (12/12), through the experiences of their patients (9/12), and through an infrastructure designed for inclusion (12/12). Participants expressed both affirmative and negative feelings of safety and inclusion throughout their responses. Organizations must take both structural and cultural actions to address the concerns of exclusion and lack of safety.

Центр патологии сетчатки в рамках новой модели организационной структуры по профилю «Офтальмология» при диабетической ретинопатии.

Relevance. The most serious consequences of the global epidemic of diabetes are its systemic vascular complications, one of which is diabetic retinopathy as the most common cause of visual function loss among diabetic patients and the leading cause of blindness and visual impairment among the working population. However, with a well-organized screening system and early detection of this complication, more than 80% of cases of blindness and visual impairment can be prevented or treated. One of such approaches is the establishment of a specialized ophthalmological Center, which will elevate medical care for patients with diabetes complications to a qualitatively new level. Purpose of the study is to evaluate the functional role of the created retinal pathology centre within the framework of the new information and technological model of medical care in the profile «ophthalmology» for diabetic retinopathy in the Tomsk region. Materials and methods. The data of the federal statistical observation form No. 12 were used as materials. Statistical analysis methods: analytical; descriptive statistical method. The critical level of significance was set at p &lt;0.05 (95%). Data processing was carried out using electronic spreadsheets «MSOffice Excel 2010» and the application package «Statistica» for Windows 10.0. Results. In the Tomsk region, a project is being implemented to introduce a unified organizational model of telemedicine service for monitoring diabetic retinopathy based on artificial intelligence technology, including a regional expert Center for retinal pathology as the main organizational and methodological unit, operating in close collaboration with healthcare institutions in the Tomsk region. Тhe Center’s task is early detection of diabetic retinopathy with further organizational and methodological support for identified cases. The activities of the Center are regulated by regional legal documentation aimed at regulating its work and adapting a new patient routing scheme for patients with diabetic retinopathy. The expected results of the project will reduce the predicted visual disability due to diabetic retinopathy in the Tomsk region to 80%, which will have a positive impact on the main performance indicators of the ophthalmological service in the region. Findings. The model allows for the integration of the Center for Retinal Pathology, prevention rooms of medical organizations, including remote municipal entities of the Tomsk region, equipped with ophthalmological fundus cameras for digital retinal photography, the ability to exchange data between networked medical organizations and the Center for Retinal Pathology. All these organizational changes will have a positive impact on reducing the overall prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the region.

Buffering and phenological mismatch: A change of perspective.

The potential for climate change to disrupt phenology-mediated interactions in interaction networks has attracted considerable attention in recent decades. Frequently, studies emphasize the fragility of ephemeral seasonal interactions, and the risks posed by phenological asynchrony. Here, we argue that the fitness consequences of asynchrony in phenological interactions may often be more buffered than is typically acknowledged. We identify three main forms that buffering may take: (i) mechanisms that reduce asynchrony between consumer and resource; (ii) mechanisms that reduce the costs of being asynchronous; and (iii) mechanisms that dampen interannual variance in performance across higher organizational units. Using synchrony between the hatching of winter moth caterpillars and the leafing of their host-plants as a case study, we identify a wide variety of buffers that reduce the detrimental consequences of phenological asynchrony on caterpillar individuals, populations, and meta-populations. We follow this by drawing on examples across a breadth of taxa, and demonstrate that these buffering mechanisms may be quite general. We conclude by identifying key gaps in our knowledge of the fitness and demographic consequences of buffering, in the context of phenological mismatch. Buffering has the potential to substantially alter our understanding of the biotic impacts of future climate change-a greater recognition of the contribution of these mechanisms may reveal that many trophic interactions are surprisingly resilient, and also serve to shift research emphasis to those systems with fewer buffers and towards identifying the limits of those buffers.