Organizational Responses Research Articles

Observational study of organisational responses of 17 US hospitals over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic

Observational study of organisational responses of 17 US hospitals over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic

Local Government Organizational Response for Realizing the Maritime-Oriented Development Sustainability in Riau Island

The rural coastal development in the Riau Islands still shows stagnation for achieving its arrangement. To maximize the sustainable development benefits on rural coastal with maritime recognition in the Riau Islands, it is crucial to align the rural government responses with the specific needs and challenges faced by each rural area. This approach can help minimize the tendency for such initiatives to fail. Through the use of qualitative descriptive research design, researchers emphasize the technicality of primary data collection with key in-depth interviews from the rural community, local businesses and also empower academics which expertise relevantly. Gradually and systematically, information was collected and managed to produce a valid and reliable conclusion. The research results illustrate that each rural characteristic shows a different picture of citizen trust conditions. However, there is a major node of citizen trust vulnerability which includes aspects concerning, the plan for allocating needs and using rural development budgets that are misperceptions both shown by the citizen and the rural government itself. Thus strengthening the social learning process through the support of relevant in-depth inquiry from the sociology disciplines and anthropology concerning rural development will complement the efforts which fostering the sustainable citizens trust towards their rural government.

Organizational Responses to Product Cycles

Organizational Responses to Product Cycles

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People With Cognitive Impairment Residing in Aged Care Facilities: An Integrative Review.

This review explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with cognitive impairment living in aged care facilities. It also considered policy and organizational responses to COVID-19, and makes recommendations to ameliorate the impact of the pandemic on residents with cognitive impairment in aged care facilities. ProQuest, PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central were searched April-May 2022 for peer reviewed articles, and an integrative review of reviews was conducted. Nineteen reviews were identified which referred to people with cognitive impairment living in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) during COVID-19. Negative impacts were highlighted, including COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality, social isolation, and cognitive, mental health and physical decline. Few research articles and policy responses consider people with cognitive impairment in residential aged care. Reviews highlighted that social engagement of residents should be better enabled to reduce the impact of COVID-19. However, residents with cognitive impairment may have inequitable access to communications technology for the purposes of assessment, health care and social engagement, and require more support (along with their families) to access this technology. Greater investment in the residential aged care sector (eg, for workforce and training) is required to address the significant impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with cognitive impairment.

Organisational response to COVID-19 crisis through socially impactful business actions: a case study

Organisational response to COVID-19 crisis through socially impactful business actions: a case study

The 1918 Influenza Pandemic in Popular Media and the Roles of Public Libraries in Supporting Health Information Access, Health Literacy, and Health Justice during Pandemics: Learning from the Past to Prepare for the Future

Events unfolding around the COVID-19 pandemic have historical parallels, particularly relating to health disparities and health injustice; limited health information literacy; failure of the US federal government to launch an organized response and clearly inform the public; and widespread misinformation and disinformation, along with their health-damaging and life-threatening impacts. These themes have been prominent during earlier pandemics, including smallpox outbreaks and the 1918 influenza pandemic. In this article, we discuss these themes and findings from our exploratory investigation into how the 1918 influenza pandemic was portrayed in women’s magazines, how extensive misinformation and disinformation circulated (especially patent medicine advertisements), and how libraries strove to overcome numerous challenges (similar to today’s) to continue to meet the public’s needs and help them navigate the flood of misinformation and disinformation. In conclusion, we discuss important lessons learned from previous pandemics that can help libraries to serve the public optimally during future pandemics.

Self-Assessment Versus Self-Improvement Motives: How Does Social Reference Group Selection Influence Organizational Responses to Performance Feedback? British Journal of Management

Self-Assessment Versus Self-Improvement Motives: How Does Social Reference Group Selection Influence Organizational Responses to Performance Feedback? British Journal of Management

ChatGPT for design, manufacturing, and education

The manufacturing industry involves innumerable complex tasks that require significant knowledge and experience to execute. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, particularly with the emergence of powerful large language models such as ChatGPT, new opportunities have risen to provide knowledge through conversation. With its seemingly endless knowledge base and highly organized response style, ChatGPT is expected to revolutionize every aspect of the industry. However, the extent of ChatGPT's capabilities and how they could contribute to the industry's future revolution remains unclear. In light of this, this paper performed a systematic testing of ChatGPT to uncover its advantages and limitations. Based on the testing results, the authors provided some prospects and critical research questions of ChatGPT from a manufacturing perspective. Furthermore, the authors recommended a technology development roadmap to successfully integrate ChatGPT into the manufacturing industry.

The Predatory Rhetorics of Urban Development

AbstractIn this article, we reflect on the pernicious nature of rhetoric aimed at soliciting Black community support for predatory urban development schemes. Highlighting recent examples of Urban One Casino + Resort’s development campaign in Richmond, Virginia, and the messaging leveraged by political leaders on behalf of SoFi stadium and the Intuit Dome in Inglewood, California, we find that discursive moves made by public and private stakeholders reflect what we call the “predatory rhetorics of urban development.” We argue that these rhetorics intend to enlist divested Black communities as supporters of development projects that concentrate wealth and power in the hands of economic and political elites. They do so by playing on Black desires for social and economic inclusion into American middle-class community life. Four common threads of predatory rhetoric appear across both contexts. They are 1) seizing the real needs and concerns of stigmatized places, 2) relying on representational politics to mitigate issues of trust, 3) the neoliberal framing of American internal colonization as a problem that requires extractive private development solutions and, finally, 4) dissimulating intra-community class interests to consolidate “Black needs.” We reflect on the outcomes supported by these rhetorics across both development projects and raise several points of further consideration as we hope for more organized responses to such rhetorics in the future.

Nível tecnológico na relação entre capacidade de absorção e capacidade de resposta em empresas de manufatura

Abstract Purpose: This research analyzed the influence of the acquisition, assimilation, and exploitation of knowledge on the organizational response capacity, given the moderation of the technological level in Mexican manufacturing companies. Originality/value: A conceptual contribution of response capacity as an understanding of organizational agility is fundamentally necessary for organizations facing changing conditions to use new knowledge to achieve the objectives of the organization, employees, and shareholders. An empirical contribution from the absorptive capacity to make companies respond with innovations to environmental changes and help them develop their absorptive capacity so the opportunities and restrictions in their technological level within a company can be seen. Design/methodology/approach: The quantitative study was conducted through a survey with a sample of 102 manufacturing companies that promoted some innovation activity in the State of Mexico, Mexico. The data were analyzed using a hierarchical regression model. Findings: The results showed that the technological level only moderated the relationship between the assimilation of knowledge and organizational response capacity. Also, this study contributed empirically by showing that companies have the same opportunity to improve their absorptive capacity and respond to changes in the environment regardless of their technological level.

Organizational Responses to Product Cycles

Organizational Responses to Product Cycles

Inequality in Post Earthquake Reconstruction: An Ethnographic Account of a Peri-urban Locality in the Northern Part of Kathmandu

Scholars have carried out studies on different dimensions of the 2015 earthquakes. However, inequality in reconstruction has not been understood sufficiently in the context of Nepal. Taking this issue into consideration, this paper explores the issues of inequality in the reconstruction of private houses of different classes and caste/ethnic groups during the recovery from the earthquake. Based on this context study focuses on the behavioral and organizational response approach to disaster to handle the reconstruction process. This research was conducted in Dharmasthali of Kathmandu district in April 2016. The study adopted an ethnographic approach based on both primary and secondary sources. Data was collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, key informant interviews, and informal discussions with earthquake victims, and representatives of government officials and different community-based organizations. Immediately after the earthquake, victims built temporary shelters either on their own or with support from state and non-state actors. The temporary shelters built by the people revealed the unequal capacity of the victims for reconstruction and also existing social inequality. The study shows that the poorer sections of the community bear the significant impact of disasters like earthquakes. Those with access to resources can construct their homes easily, but the poor face significant challenges in reconstruction. The study concludes that during disasters there is a need for government assistance to be generous and rules to be sufficiently flexible to enable the poorer victims to reconstruct their homes and lives.

Study on the possibilities of objectization of the organization's response to altitude variations

Currently, mainly due to the lack of subjects willing to be researched in extreme conditions, but also the lack of working conditions, specialized knowledge, information, publications in the field are quite few, most of them being from American literature, the USA. being one of the countries with a tradition in mountaineering, nature offering enough possibilities for practicing this sport. For this reason, I tried to contribute to the completion of current knowledge in this field. Due to the increase in the number of people going to altitude, it is necessary that the specialists who can offer advice or treatment be as well trained as possible, preventing the occurrence of seasickness as much as possible altitude: acute mountain sickness - AMR, high-altitude pulmonary edema - EPMA and high-altitude cerebral edema - ECMA, which are caused by reduced blood oxygen levels. Prevention can be done with specific drugs (Dexamethasone, Ibuprofen) and by descending to a lower altitude. These diseases are very rare below 2.500 m, and from 3.000 m up, they occur in 75% of those who are not acclimatized, they can appear even after 24 - 48 hours, the descent having an important role in their involution, the return can last between 2 - 5 days.

A Systematic Review of Organizational Response to the COVID-19 in the Hospitality Industry

Pandemic COVID-19 has placed an unforeseen and unparalleled challenge to organizations worldwide. In an attempt to mitigate its consequences, the organizations have resorted to specific measures and adopted new mechanisms for their survival. This research encompasses a review of available literature on the “organizational responses to the COVID-19” focusing hospitality sector. It also assesses the impact of responsive measures on hospitality employees. Lastly, it addresses the new agendas for future research. Through a detailed assessment of data collected from 50 articles, the study explores the structural and functional changes introduced by the organizations to combat the challenges posed by outbreak of Pandemic COVID-19 and reviews the association between workplace response, including employees in the hospitality sector.

Granted Utility, a Proposal for the Rhetoric of Nonprofit Wrongdoing

This article explores the discourse of nonprofit wrongdoing through a thematic analysis of over 450 texts, including media coverage and organizational responses, surrounding four cases of nonprofit wrongdoing. These cases include theft, mismanagement of funds, lying about 9/11, and administering unintentional yet lethal doses of medication. The findings extend prior work on organizational rhetoric and propose the notion of granted utility – an assumed foundational view of the usefulness and underlying benefit of nonprofit organizations – as key for understanding nonprofit rhetoric. The findings suggest that recognizing granted utility allows organizations to focus on answering responsibility-focused questions of organizational legitimacy while maintaining utility-focused messages that reinforce granted utility when wrongdoing occurs.

Show-and-tell or hide-and-seek? Examining organizational cybersecurity incident notifications

PurposeThe growing frequency of cybersecurity incidents commonly requires organizations to notify customers of ongoing events. However, the content contained within these notifications varies widely, including differences in the level of detail, apportioning of blame, compensation and corrective action. This study seeks to identify patterns contained within cybersecurity incident notifications by constructing a typology of organizational responses.Design/methodology/approachBased on a detailed review of 1,073 global cybersecurity incidents occurring during 2020, the authors obtained and qualitatively analyzed 451 customer notifications.FindingsThe results reveal three distinct organizational response types associated with the level of detail contained within the notification (full transparency, guarded and opacity), as well as three response types associated with the benefitting party (customer interest, balanced interest and company interest).Originality/valueThis work extends past classifications of cybersecurity incident notifications and provides a template of possible notification approaches that could be adopted by organizations.

A constructive crisis: complex system adaptability during the COVID-19 pandemic

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the response by a multi-campus private higher education provider to a major crisis. This study examined what elements of complex adaptive systems (CAS) were activated and/or developed within the organization during the onset of the COVID-19 global pandemic, through a retrospective analysis of organizational responses.Design/methodology/approachA retrospective qualitative approach has been used. The theory of CAS has been used as the theoretical lens to explore the organizational context, responses and behaviours during the first year of the COVID-19 crisis. A series of semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 senior leaders across the major functions of the organization spread over multiple campuses.FindingsFindings point to coverage of the main CAS characteristics in the organizational responses to the pandemic, however, in varying degrees. There was strong evidence for the application of guiding principles, for self-organizing, for micro-diversity coupled with independent actors and new generative relationships, all brought about by the chaos the pandemic generated. This study concludes that the global pandemic presented this organization with the impetus for rapid and agile responses to what ultimately has become a constructive crisis, paving the way for key elements of CAS theory to be enacted. This study recommend embedding the conscious creation of an adaptive space within ongoing strategic organizational transformation initiatives.Originality/valueThere is scant literature on CAS as applied to crises from organizations in the higher education sector and notably from outside of the health/medical fields. As a result, this study offers a novel and original approach to applying CAS theory during a major crisis. In addition to the findings above, this study also found an emergent characteristic, that of agility, which could be further tested as a potential theoretical addition to CAS theory.

Response of Anti-trafficking Organisations on the Impact of the La Strada International Risk Assessment and the Challenge of Maintaining Health of Professionals in Ukraine and Neighbouring Countries

This short practitioners' contribution offers a reflection by antitrafficking organisations in Ukraine and Moldova on the local impact of the rapid assessment of risks and gaps in the anti-trafficking response to prevent human trafficking of refugees from Ukraine (contribution by Hoff & De Volder in this issue) and on the challenge and importance of maintaining mental health of professionals in conflict-affected areas (contribution by Rullmann in this issue).

Risk Communication in Early Containment of COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: Implementation of the World Health Organization Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan (WHO-SPRP).

Background: Health systems must have functional and efficient preparedness and response plans to manage pandemics. Moreover, it is essential to adjust to changing circumstances and the dynamic character of pandemics. The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan (SPRP), emphasizing 144 measures across 10 pillars, helping governments prepare and respond to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to determine how the Iranian health system, based on the WHO-SPRP, addresses strategic preparedness and response plan in the COVID-19 pandemic at the national level. Methods: The WHO-SPRP was adopted and translated into Persian by 2 bilingual natives. The chief of the health office requested that authorized officers complete the SPRP. Then, a meeting was held by officers of related units involved in COVID-19 management to address the SPRP at regional and national levels. Results: Our findings suggest that up to August 2020, effective risk communication and community engagement were not fully established. Our response plan lacked evidence-based information and educational messaging to consistently shape public opinion and impression of a respiratory pandemic. Conclusion: The Iranian health care system and services were almost able to address the SPRP and perform the major indicators that the WHO had proposed. However, special attention should be paid to risk communication and community engagement to empower informed decision-making by individuals and communities.

Cortical reintegration after facial allotransplantation.

Neural plasticity of the brain or its ability to reorganize following injury has likely coincided with the successful clinical correction of severe deformity by facial transplantation since 2005. In this study, we present the cortical reintegration outcomes following syngeneic hemifacial vascularized composite allograft (VCA) in a small animal model. Specifically, changes in the topographic organization and unit response properties of the rodent whisker-barrel somatosensory system were assessed following hemifacial VCA. Clear differences emerged in the barrel-cortex system when comparing naïve and hemiface transplanted animals. Neurons in the somatosensory cortex of transplanted rats had decreased sensitivity albeit increased directional sensitivity compared with naïve rats and evoked responses in transplanted animals were more temporally dispersed. In addition, receptive fields were often topographically mismatched with the indication that the mismatched topography reorganized within adjacent barrel (same row-arc bias following hemifacial transplant). These results suggest subcortical changes in the thalamus and/or brainstem play a role in hemifacial transplantation cortical plasticity and demonstrate the discrete and robust data that can be derived from this clinically relevant small animal VCA model for use in optimizing postsurgical outcomes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Robust rodent hemifacial transplant model was used to record functional changes in somatosensory cortex after transplantation. Neurons in the somatosensory cortex of face transplant recipients had decreased sensitivity to stimulation of whiskers with increased directional sensitivity vs. naive rats. Transplant recipient cortical unit response was more dispersed in temporary vs. naive rats. Despite histological similarities to naive cortices, transplant recipient cortices had a mix of topographically appropriate and inappropriate whiskered at barrel cortex relationships.