The study addressed here explores the evolution and importance of Organizational and Occupational Psychology over time, highlighting the lack of clarity in initial conceptions of human beings in organizations and the concept of work. Currently, Organizational Psychology aims to understand the worker and promote human dignity in work relationships, representing a significant transformation in perspective over the years. Noted, in the face of rapid changes in the work context, the role of Organizational and Occupational Psychology has expanded beyond simple personnel assessment and selection. The approach has evolved, incorporating aspects such as interests, motivations, employee satisfaction, and the development of systems and teams focused on safety, health, comfort, and productivity. Currently, organizational psychologists play crucial roles in practices related to mental health at work, training planning, and staff development, in addition to addressing labor issues such as stress reduction, absenteeism, retirement, and the inclusion of individuals with disabilities in appropriate positions. The role of psychologists in organizations is summarized as being facilitators and consciousness raisers for various groups in the institution, considering the health and subjectivity of individuals, business dynamics, and integration into the broader context of the organization. The activities performed by organizational psychologists, grounded in psychological techniques and instruments, have the potential to promote not only the company’s development but also the individual growth of workers and a positive impact on society. In summary, the text provides a comprehensive view of the evolution and role of Organizational and Occupational Psychology, highlighting adaptation to changes in the work environment and the increasing complexity of labor relations. By exploring the perspectives of Organizational Psychology in Administration, we understand how this discipline plays a crucial role in the effective management of organizations, positively influencing not only the individual aspects of employees but also the overall functioning and sustainability of companies.