Organizational Activities Research Articles

Идеология: операционализация понятия и построение аналитической модели (часть I)

The article is devoted to the issue of operationalization of the ideology concepts as a variable in empirical researches. The range of issues in modern studies of ideology at the level of empirical observations is quite diverse: from the ideological attitudes of political activists and organizations, to psychological and genetic factors influencing individual choice in favor of any ideology. However, according to the authors, this kind of researches lack methodological coherence, since the set of indicators for interpreting ideology is often determined arbitrarily. There is a need to develop an operational concept of ideology, reflecting its key functions at different levels of existence in society: theoretical in the form of doctrines, political programs level in the activities of political leaders and organizations, as well as at the level of everyday views of individuals. Thus, the authors strive to identify the place of ideology in the system of political ideas and ideas about politics, to highlight the structural elements of ideology and their relationships in the context of various types of social practice for the subsequent development of an analytical model that allows analyzing ideological constructs both at the level of theory and at the level of individuals’ perceptions.

ANALYSIS OF ORGANIZING THE DELIVERY OF HUMANITARIAN AID IN CRISIS SITUATIONS

The article is devoted to analyzing humanitarian logistics in Ukraine, which has developed significantly since 2014 and increased, in particular, during the full-scale invasion of 2022. Humanitarian logistics have become critical to supporting both the military and civilians affected by the conflict. The authors research the impact of various aspects of humanitarian aid, including economic factors such as reduced exports and a drop in the gross domestic product (GDP), on the volume and efficiency of humanitarian aid delivery. In particular, the impact of the closure of large metallurgical enterprises on the country’s economy is analyzed. The activities of such charitable organizations as “Come Back Alive” and “Volunteering and Help Center” were reviewed, which carry out mass transportation of humanitarian goods and provide support to both military and civilian persons. These organizations play a key role in providing the population with necessary resources, such as medicine, food, hygiene products, clothing, etc. They also actively collaborate with international partners and volunteer groups to coordinate aid and improve logistics processes. Data on the amount of support provided by category (hygiene, medicine, food, etc.) are also considered. The article provides an analysis of the logistics routes used for the delivery of goods, taking into account various factors such as the safety of the routes, the efficiency of the transportation process, and the speed of delivery. The importance of flexibility and adaptability of logistics systems in the conditions of continued martial law is highlighted. The research emphasizes the importance of cluster analysis and clustering methodologies for effective decision-making in the field of humanitarian logistics. The article also includes references to legislative acts and portals that regulate and support humanitarian aid in Ukraine. These resources provide a legal basis for the activities of charities and provide important information for donors and volunteers. They contribute to the transparency and accountability of the aid delivery process, which is critical for maintaining trust on the part of the international community and the population of Ukraine.

Editorial: Labour Market and Unemployment

Labour is a key factor of production, enabling the production of goods and services. Throughout history, the labour market situation has influenced economic growth and development, and hence investment, productivity, income, consumption and society's standard of living. The articles contained in the next volume of the journal Studia Historiae Oeconomicae analyze the above problem using selected examples dating back to the 18th century. The presented SHO volume consists of eight articles that provide authentic knowledge on such labour market shaping factors as wages, ideology and politics, as well as on the activities of labor unions and charitable organizations under different political and socio-economic systems. The study of labour and the labour market has a heavy burden for both cognitive and practical reasons, since knowledge of the causes, mechanisms and dynamics of change in this sphere can help optimize economic policies regarding the labour market as well as become a source of inspiration for readers and perhaps further research in this area.

Practical issues of emollient use in winter for patients with atopic dermatitis: expert resolution

In September 2024, a meeting of the Expert Council took place, featuring leading specialists in the fields of allergology, pediatrics, and dermatology. The working group discussed the issue of seasonal exacerbations of atopic dermatitis (AD), as well as the main triggering factors and their role. Experts reviewed the criteria that a modern emollient used for the care of patients with atopic dermatitis should meet; they discussed the role of moisturizers in preventing seasonal exacerbations of atopic dermatitis based on previously conducted studies. Suggestions were made for further informational and organizational activities aimed at expanding the knowledge of patients and doctors about seasonal environmental factors significant for patients with AD, their impact on the condition of the epidermal barrier, their role in the development of seasonal exacerbations, and the possibilities for prevention using modern emollients.

Analytical methods for monitoring the provision of commercial medical organizations with fixed assets

Subject. This article considers analytical possibilities for monitoring the effectiveness of commercial medical organizations according to their medical equipment. Objectives. The article aims to identify and substantiate the recommended values of the share of fixed assets in the total amount of property (assets) as an indicator of sufficiency for the effective operation of commercial medical organizations. Methods. For the study, we used deduction, analysis, synthesis, analogy, comparison, extrapolation, abstraction, as well as analytical calculations of the influence of factors. Results. It was not possible to establish an unambiguous criterion for assessing the risks of insufficient equipment as a factor in the inefficiency of the organization's activities. The indicators of municipal medical organizations have significant variability, which is explained by the purchase of equipment by some clinics at the expense of national projects. Conclusions and Relevance. In the context of the unstable situation in the Russian economy, the financing of medical institutions is uneven. Commercial medical organizations, such as newly opened ones, have a sufficient set of high-tech equipment and its share in assets is large. This, to some extent, reflects the specialization of medical companies and their age. In this regard, the risks of inefficiency, since companies with up-to-date equipment are in a winning competitive position, increase in diversified organizations. The results of the study of the structure of the balance sheet of medical organizations and the share of fixed assets may be useful for the development of methods for controlling the risks of inefficiency.

Enhancing Software Security: A Research-Driven Automation Framework

With the ever-growing dependency on software in critical systems such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and defense, among many others, the need for robust security in software has never been greater. Breaches of security, in which an undetected vulnerability was often the culprit, lead to severe financial loss, loss of reputation, and even legal action for organizations and end-users. While technology has considerably improved, conventional security practices have repeatedly have failed to address the rapid growth of complexity and dynamic nature in modern software systems. The paper presents a critical requirement for an organized and active approach toward software security for its lifetime. We propose an automation framework driven by research that responds to these challenges by fitting into the tight cooperation of security testing tools in order to automate the detection and mitigation of vulnerabilities: it engenders a continuous improvement culture of security. This framework will be tailored to support Agile development and DevOps workflows, seamlessly embedding security in the rapid, iterative cycles of development. This framework will allow an organization to measure and improve quantitatively its security practices over time by harnessing actionable metrics and insight.

Identifying criteria for prioritizing process transformation projects

Purpose – Considering that diverse processes and peculiarities are found across organizations, defining which processes are best suited for prioritization in improvement or transformation projects is vital. The aim of this study was to identify in the literature possible criteria to be considered when making decisions regarding the prioritization of processes to be included in the transformation activities of organizations. Design/methodology/approach – The present research, classified as qualitative and applied, has adopted the literature review process with the aim of identifying and analyzing articles drawn from the Web of Science, Scopus and Scielo databases relating to process prioritization criteria in transformation projects. Findings – A total of 24 criteria for decision-making when prioritizing processes in improvement and transformation projects were identified. The criteria were classified into 5 categories (strategy, financial, quality, impact on customers, and efficiency), and a generic hierarchical structure based on the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) for multi-criteria decision-making is proposed. Originality/Value – Although no universal criteria were identified in the literature that could be adopted by any given organization, significant relevance was noted in terms of the strategic aspects of organizations. The generic structure proposed, establishing criteria and macro-criteria, can be adapted by specialists or AHP practitioners, depending on the type of organization or application environment. Keywords: Prioritization; Multicriteria; Process; Improvement; Transformation.

Dilemmas of U.S. Decarbonization

This article investigates controversial relations between energy security and energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables that are observed in petroleum producing countries, since energy transition jeopardizes the long-term future of the oil and gas sector because it entails a gradual reduction in hydrocarbon production. This problem represents a serious challenge for all petroleum-producing countries, but this challenge is particularly serious in the United States, which recovered its former status of energy superpower due to the shale revolution. Simultaneously, it intends to become a global leader of energy transition under the presidency of Joe Biden. In general, the policy of oil companies’ decarbonization is influenced by a number of factors: government climate policy, activities of international organizations, attitudes of financial institutions, shareholders, investors, NGOs and consumers. While European oil companies feel quite a stable and consistent pressure from all these factors that force them to pursue a fairly radical decarbonization policy, the situation in the US is not that straightforward. On the one hand, government climate policy has recently sharply fluctuated, from Barak Obama to Donald Trump to Joe Biden, sending controversial messages to oil corporations. While currently decarbonization policy is a priority of Joe Biden’s administration, if Donald Trump wins the 2024 elections, the future of energy transition in the US might be challenged because he has always strongly focused on strengthening US energy security. On the other hand, the leading US oil companies through their lobbying efforts exert a significant influence on the government climate policy, seeking to ensure a long-term future of hydrocarbons and trying to find a balance between energy security and energy transition that would benefit them. They realize that it would be feasible for them to become leaders of the energy transition by adapting it to their strategic needs.

Challenges in Migrations: Combating Trafficking in Human Beings in Serbia

The state laws of the Republic of Serbia recognize trafficking in human beings as a form of organized criminal activity, and different acts treat the prevention, repression and punishment of trafficking in human beings as well as the protection of the witnesses and the injured persons, before, in the course of and after the criminal prosecution. The Council of the Government of the Republic of Serbia for the fight against human trafficking was first constituted in December 2005, as an expert, advisory body of the Government. The Constitution of the Republic of Serbia from 2006 deals with the issue of human trafficking in the provision of Article 26: “It is expressly forbidden that no one can be held in slavery or in a position similar to slavery, that is, every form of human trafficking and forced labor under which it is considered sexual or economic exploitation of persons in a disadvantaged position”. The Criminal Code sanctioned: Human Trafficking (Art. 388); Trafficking in children for adoption (Art. 389); Establishment of slavery and transportation of persons in slavery (Art. 390). People smuggling is criminalized as a separate criminal offense under Unauthorized Crossing of the State Border and People Smuggling (Art. 350). The aims of this work are to indicate all relevant regulations that are applied against human trafficking in Serbia as well as to show the cooperation of Serbia as a candidate country and EU accession with other countries in the fight against human trafficking and the cooperation of state authorities and non-governmental organizations in preventing human trafficking in Serbia and abroad. At last, the cases of migrants and human trafficking described in the media are presented and what kind of attention these criminological phenomenons are causing in Serbia.

Military Regimes In The Sahel As Recruitment Sergeants For Rebel Governance

The recent cases of the de-democratisation of Sahelian states, such as Mali and Burkina Faso, driven by the emergence of military regimes, have been presented as responses to severe security crises occasioned by the activities of transnational violent extremist organisations. Nevertheless, the existence of such regimes has not corresponded with drastic improvements in security outcomes, as evidenced by the rapidly escalating incidents of violence and human insecurity that have particularly rocked Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger. In this paper, using a multiple case study design, we outline the argument that the proliferation of these regimes hastens the ascent of these states to “state failure-hood” as they legitimise “rebel governance” exemplified by violent extremist organisations such as the Sahelian franchises of transnational terrorist organisations such as the Islamic State and Al Qaeda through the “securitisation of peace” through the use of techniques that further affect already poor “state-civil society” relations. We clarify our arguments using qualitative data drawn from the triangulation of secondary data sources and analyses using thematic content analysis.

Analysis of the impact of human resources employees’ perceptions on the process of digital transformation

PurposeEmployees’ perceptions of digital transformation (DT) affect digital technology adoption and utilization. These attitudes, such as digital preparation or acceptance of digitization, are linked to personal and organisational resources. The goal is to assess employees’ impressions of (1) DT in general and (2) the organization’s DT efforts, focusing on how these efforts affect their field of activity and (3) their DT expectations.Design/methodology/approachUsing the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use Technology (UTAUT), a model was built and examined from three perspectives: demographic characteristics, employee views of DT and organisational activities in DT. We used semi-structured interviews with ten international HR employees to validate the model.FindingsBecause the IT company we studied has several digital technologies, global HR departments, and varied organisational contexts, we started with “purposive sampling”. The principal findings offer the model an extensive understanding of how demographic characteristics, employees’ views of digital transformation (DT), and organisational DT activities affect digital technology uptake and use expectations.Originality/valueThis research may help companies plan for HR department digital technology installation and use. The approach can enable further research on digital technology uptake in businesses and practical ways to meet employee expectations.

PARTICIPATION OF SENIORS IN CULTURE IN VIEW OF EMPIRICAL RESEARCH

The article presents the results of research on seniors' participation in culture, which are part of cross-sectional research on the style and quality of life of people aged 60+, conducted in 2024. The article discusses the results regarding individual participation in culture and participation in organized cultural activities at the local level. It discusses the level of activity of seniors, institutional and non-institutional actors organizing the cultural life of seniors, the roles played by older people in cultural events and their expectations.

Pemilihan Wisudawan Terbaik Menggunakan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan dengan Metode Profile Matching

The selection of the best graduate is an important process in the graduation ceremony to recognize students who have demonstrated outstanding academic and non-academic achievements during their studies. However, this process often faces challenges, particularly regarding the subjectivity and complexity of assessment. Therefore, a Decision Support System (DSS) is needed to assist in determining the best graduate objectively and transparently. The criteria used include academic achievements (GPA), involvement in organizational activities, non-academic achievements, attendance, and social contributions. Each criterion is weighted according to its level of importance. With the implementation of this DSS, it is hoped that the selection of the best graduate can be conducted more effectively, efficiently, and fairly. Testing results show that this system can provide accurate results that meet stakeholder expectations.

Barriers and facilitators for the use of telehealth by healthcare providers in India-A systematic review.

It is widely assumed that telehealth tools like mHealth (mobile health), telemedicine, and tele-education can supplement the efficiency of Healthcare Providers (HCPs). We conducted a systematic review of evidence on the barriers and facilitators associated with the use of telehealth by HCPs in India. A systematic literature search following a pre-registered protocol (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KQ3U9 [PROTOCOL DOI]) was conducted on PubMed. The search strategy, inclusion, and exclusion criteria were based on the World Health Organization's action framework on Human Resources for Health (HRH) and Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in India with a specific focus on telehealth tools. Eligible articles published in English from 1st January 2001 to 17th February 2022 were included. One hundred and six studies were included in the review. Of these, 53 studies (50%) involved mHealth interventions, 25 (23.6%) involved telemedicine interventions whereas the remaining 28 (26.4%) involved the use of tele-education interventions by HCPs in India. In each category, most of the studies followed a quantitative study design and were mostly published in the last 5 years. The study sites were more commonly present in states in south India. The facilitators and barriers related to each type of intervention were analyzed under the following sub-headings- 1) Human resource related, 2) Application related 3) Technical, and 4) Others. The interventions were most commonly used for improving the management of mental health, non-communicable diseases, and maternal and child health. The use of telehealth has not been uniformly studied in India. The facilitators and barriers to telehealth use need to be kept in mind while designing the intervention. Future studies should focus on looking at region-specific, intervention-specific, and health cadre-specific barriers and facilitators for the use of telehealth.

The influence and configuration effect of content characteristics on customer input in the context of short video platforms

PurposeThis study focuses on the influence of content characteristics on customer input on short video platforms (CISVP) and the mediating role of groundedness, fun and customer inspiration as well as the asymmetric relationships among these variables.Design/methodology/approachThis study used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the research model. Then, fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was conducted to test the asymmetric relationships.FindingsSEM shows that content originality and relevance have a direct positive effect on CISVP. Groundedness and customer inspiration partially mediate the relationship between content relevance and CISVP, and customer inspiration also partially mediate the relationship between content originality and CISVP. However, the mediating effect of fun is not significant. FsQCA reveals three configurations for high levels of CISVP. Some fsQCA results align with the SEM results but also offer additional interesting findings.Originality/valueThis study makes an important contribution to the literature on interactive marketing, short video marketing and content marketing. It also contributes to the theory of groundedness, customer inspiration and fun. Furthermore, this study has implications for individual influencers, organizational actors and platforms to encourage more CISVP.

The Impact of Pressure on Risk Evaluation in Decision-Making: A Case Study of Three Major Accidents

Decision-making is critical in organizational and managerial activities, and stress is an important factor influencing decision-making. This study examines how stress affects risk assessment and decision-making by analyzing three major accident cases (the Fukuchiyama Line derailment, the NASA Challenger STS-51L accident, and Boeing 737 Max 8 design problems). In the Fukuchiyama Line accident, the driver ignored the risk of speeding the train for fear of company penalties. In the Challenger accident, NASA ignored the risk of a leaking O-ring due to political, media, and internal cultural pressures. In the Boeing 737 Max 8 accident, Boeing ignored potential risks in the design of the MCAS system and a single sensor in an effort to catch up with competitor Airbus. This study points out that pressure can lead decision makers to ignore risks with disastrous consequences and suggests that the quality of decision making can be improved by information gathering, seeking expert advice and taking known issues seriously.

Cadets’ Self-Government as a Factor of Future Officers’ Organizational Culture Formation

The article deals with substantiation of the role of cadets’ self-government in the formation of future officers’ organizational culture at a higher military educational institution. The organizational culture is defined as a complex of norms, values, and beliefs and consider it to be an important component of the officers’ professional culture and, at the same time, a factor of the future officers’ personal development during their professional training and independent professional activity as well. The main characteristics of the future officers’ organizational culture, three components in the structure of future officers’ organizational culture (culture of self-organization, culture of subordinate personnel organization, culture of interpersonal interaction organization) have been defined. Based on the identified components in the structure of future officers’ organizational culture, we have identified the criteria for its formation (cognitive, activity, personal), which are specified in a set of relevant indicators. The pedagogical conditions of future officers’ organizational culture formation with the use of cadets’ self-government in higher military educational institutions have been determined: ensuring the gradual involving of cadets in different forms of extra-our educational activities; involving cadets in organizational activities in the framework of the program "Young Leader School", which provides the formation of professionally oriented personal background in the organizational culture formation. The study concluded that organizational culture is an essential component of the professionalism of a future officer, which largely determined the success of the professional tasks implementation; cadets’ self-government has a significant potential in the context of forming the organizational culture of future officers, and its capabilities should be actively used to form the organizational culture of cadets.

Основные направления совершенствования диабетологической помощи в условиях поликлиники (по результатам социологического исследования).

A sociological assessment of satisfaction with outpatient care for patients with diabetes mellitus in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania was carried out. The results of the study make it possible to identify the main problems faced by patients at the primary health care level and identify possible ways to level them. The purpose of the study: to assess the satisfaction of patients with diabetes mellitus with the quality of medical care provided in outpatient settings. Materials and methods. The questionnaires of 450 patients with diabetes mellitus, urban (66%) and rural (34%) residents were analyzed. Of these, 45% are men and 55% are women aged 39–59 years (39.0%), 60–79 years (36.0%), over 80 years (6.0%). The questionnaire included 12 questions on various aspects of the clinic’s activities. Data processing and analysis were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0.1 software and analytical complex. Results. A study of the satisfaction of patients with diabetes mellitus with outpatient medical care has revealed a number of organizational and medical problems. The regularity of visits to the endocrinologist by patients is one of their main conditions for the effectiveness of therapeutic and preventive measures and dispensary supervision. A fairly high percentage (72%) visit the clinic from 2 to 5 times a year. It is alarming that 28% of patients visit an endocrinologist only once a year, which is a sign of low adherence to treatment on the part of patients. Rural residents visit an endocrinologist less often than urban residents. Young people are more often dissatisfied with the time that the doctor spends at the reception and more often face rude treatment from the medical staff. The comorbidity of diabetes mellitus requires the provision of high-quality medical care in accordance with the expectations of patients, which is provided with logistical equipment and staffing Conclusion. The results obtained are an indicator of the quality of medical care and indicate the presence of problem areas in the activities of medical organizations providing outpatient care to patients with diabetes mellitus. Special attention should be paid to the organization of dispensary follow-up in order to reduce the risks of developing complications of the disease. It is necessary to increase the availability of primary health care by making appropriate management decisions at the level of regional health authorities.

Особенности организации оказания медицинской помощи в частных медицинских организациях дерматологического профиля.

The population’s need for dermatological care requires the creation of a new level of organization of medical care based on medical information systems capable of improving the activities of private medical organizations and improving the quality of services provided in the dermatological profile. Purpose of the study is to reveal the features and directions of the formation of high–quality dermatological care in private medical organizations. Materials and methods. In the process of achieving this goal, statistical data, legislation, and the medical information system were studied. Methods of observation, generalization, comparison, grouping, and data analysis were used. Subject. An algorithm for organizing dermatological medical care, focused on improving quality through the introduction of a narrowly specialized medical information system. Results. The basic algorithms for the implementation of a medical information system for a private clinic of a dermatological profile based on the construction of a scheme of medical and social characteristics of dermatological diseases and focused on nosological forms of the most common etiologies are proposed. A distinctive feature of the organization of the provision of medical services by private dermatological clinics is the quality, which allows not only to provide a highly effective service to the population, but also to gain a competitive advantage in the market. In the process of development and implementation, the basic principles of an information system focused on achieving the set goals were determined. The version of the medical information system implemented in practice, based on the research materials, made it possible to integrate. Conclusion. The specific features of the implementation of a narrowly specialized medical information system in private medical organizations are determined. Directions of improvement have been formed within the framework of the state implementation of a common electronic database of patients through EGISZ.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МЕТОДИКИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ РИСКАМИ

The increase in the rate of system-wide impact of negative risks on the activities of organizations in the global economy obliges top management to form an industry-oriented approach to risk management. This study is devoted to the adaptation of a conservative approach to risk classification, the analysis of world experience in the use of tools to combat the impact of risks on the activities of enterprises, as well as the formation of a primary approach to the im-plementation of a comprehensive method-ology-risk management, taking into account the Russian specifics of doing business.