Participation In Organizations Research Articles

Ethnic minority women's empowerment in agriculture in the central region of Viet Nam.

Gender inequality and women's empowerment are two closely related issues. While the gender inequality index has been assessed by different studies, that of women's empowerment remained limited. In the present work, we attempted to evaluate the women's empowerment index by comparing it with the male partner's empowerment index in the same household. We used the Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI) as a framework for reference. A questionnaire was designed to interview 300 people including both men and women in the same ethnic minority household in central Vietnam. The difference in the empowerment level between men and women was assessed through five-component empowerment indicators: agricultural participation, resource ownership, financial control, social organizations participation, and time usage. The results showed that up to 70% of women were disempowered compared to only 15% of men. The binary logistic model revealed the age at first marriage, the level of children's education, education level, distance to the nearest urban area, and the number of children were associated with women's empowerment; whereas age, income, and the level of gender awareness did not show any correlation.

International Terrorism Using Toxic Chemicals as an Element of Hybrid Warfare

Modern terrorism is a complex system that consists of a complex of complementary processes – ideological, criminal, military, political, religious and nationalistic. Chemical terrorism is one of the elements of hybrid warfare – a new technology in the fight for the reorganization of the world at the present stage. The purpose of this article is to consider one of the elements of hybrid wars – chemical terrorism. Sources and informational basis of the research, methodology. In this work, the sources published by the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) were used. The publications available through the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, eLibrary, etc. were also studied. Research method – system analysis. The probability of the use of chemical warfare agents and toxic chemicals by terrorists of various ideological orientations as part of a hybrid war strategy has been studied. The discussion of the results. Hybrid military conflicts of a non-classical nature involve the participation of international terrorist organizations in hostilities. The Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction (CWC) does not explicitly prohibit non-state actors from obtaining and using chemical weapons. This situation is very convenient for the states that have signed the CWC and use terrorist organizations as part of the strategy of indirect action. In such cases the information and psychological operations are aimed at the collapse and fragmentation of countries, undermining their ability to resist, discrediting their leaders, and causing a split in the ranks of the allies. This was most clearly shown in the incidents with the use of toxic chemicals in Syria. Conclusion. Working groups under the auspices of the UN and the OPCW, sent to Syria to investigate incidents with the use of sarin, proved unable to conduct objective investigations. They usually ended up on the side of the sponsors of chemical terrorist attacks, despite the evidence of falsification. This, in turn, can lead to serious military conflicts, for which the role of casus belli will be played by false news from the global media. The only mechanism that made it possible to stop such provocations in Syria was a public warning from the Russian side about the place and time of the planned false flag attack. At the same time, such a selective position of the UN and the OPCW can at any moment lead to the loss of the control over chemical weapons in certain regions of the world.

Specificity of Motivation of the Main Forms of Social Participation of the Population

Relevance. In accordance with the postmodern approach, the main driving force of social change and development are the most active segments of the population, social actors. The level of activity of the population can be measured by the number of practices of its social participation, which can be divided into the following forms: formal participation in organizations, informal assistance and helping behavior. To stimulate social activity, it is necessary to study the motivation for social participation of the most active segments of the population.The purpose is reveal the essence of the motivation of social participation of the population.Objectives: measure and analyze the severity of the main practices of social participation based on the results of an empirical study; determine the determining motives for different forms of social participation.Methodology. The empirical basis of the study was a survey of residents of the city of Cherepovets, Vologda Oblast, conducted in April 2022. Results. Practices of social participation are unevenly represented in its various forms. Practices of formal participation are underdeveloped. Involved in these practices, as a rule, they are motivated for themselves, selfdevelopment, gaining new experience, knowledge, personal success, career. The practices of informal participation are more widely developed, which are most concentrated in the improvement of the urban environment, charity, and volunteer activities. The motives for changing the environment, altruistic help to people and motives for personal development are combined. The most developed practices of helping behavior, where the main motive is altruism, the desire to help others.Conclusions. The motivation for social participation has a complex multicomponent structure. The dominant motive of participation, as a rule, goes in conjunction with two or three motives from different types of motivation. The motivation of different forms of social participation differs significantly.

Participation in international organizations: An analysis of the experience of business and workers in Mercosur (1995-2019)

O artigo analisa a participação de atores sociais no Subgrupo de Trabalho nº 10 sobre Assuntos Laborais, Emprego e Seguridade Social do Mercosul (SGT 10), no período de 1995 a 2019, em duas etapas: na primeira delas, procurou-se analisar o conjunto de atores sociais dos quatro Estados-Partes fundadores do Mercosul; na segunda, a abordagem concentrou-se em quatro atores sociais dos dois principais Estados-Partes do Mercosul (Argentina e Brasil). Esses atores representam trabalhadores e empresários. A pesquisa utilizou análise documental e de conteúdo e estatística descritiva. No artigo, foi possível constatar que: (i) houve redução da participação dos atores sociais no SGT 10 no período analisado; e (ii) a agenda do SGT 10 mostrou-se permeável aos interesses dos quatro atores sociais selecionados quando se analisam as decisões aprovadas dentro desse subgrupo.

К вопросу об эффективности содержания страховых медицинских организаций в системе здравоохранения Российской Федерации.

The problems of domestic healthcare are associated with a number of factors that are influenced by the indicators of the economic state of the country, while the main problem is insufficient funding, largely related to the participation of insurance medical organizations in healthcare. A comparison of the cost of maintaining the CFR and the Pension Fund of Russia over a long period of time clearly shows that the effectiveness of the healthcare system with the participation of the CFR is significantly less than the effectiveness of the Pension Fund.

Providing a model for financing the treatment costs during biological crises using the fiscal space development approach

BackgroundExpanding fiscal space for health can be defined as providing additional budgetary resources for health, which is highly important during biological crises. This study aimed to provide a model for financing the treatment costs during biological crises using the development of the fiscal space approach.MethodsThis study employed a descriptive mixed-method design, consisting of three stages. In the first stage, a systematic review of relevant literature was conducted using multiple databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. A total of 45 studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. In the second stage, a panel of 14 experts identified five primary and 32 secondary strategies using an open questionnaire. Any additional strategies not identified during the literature review were added if a consensus was reached by experts. In the final stage, the Best Worst Method (BWM) was used to prioritize the identified strategies and sub-strategies based on their feasibility, effectiveness, quick yield, and fairness.ResultsFive strategies and fifty sub-strategies were identified. The most important strategies were the increase in health sector-specific resources (0.3889), increase in efficiency of health expenditures (0.2778), structural reforms (0.1111), health sector-specific grants and foreign aid (0.1667), and conducive macroeconomic conditions (0.05556). The most important sub-strategies were establishing and increasing earmarked taxes for the health sector (0.0140), expanding Universal Health Coverage (UHC) plans (0.0103), attracting the participation of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and charitable organizations in the health sector (0.0096), integrating basic social insurance funds (0.0934), and tax exemptions for economic activists in the health sector (0.009303) during the crisis.ConclusionThis study identified five main strategies and 50 sub-strategies for financing the treatment costs during biological crises. The most important strategies were increasing health sector-specific resources, improving efficiency of health expenditures, and implementing structural reforms. To finance health expenditures, harmful and luxury goods taxes can be increased and allocated to the health sector during crises. UHC plans should be improved and expanded, and the capacity of NGOs and charitable organizations should be better utilized during crises.

Medical charity: participation of non-profit organizations in the field of medical scientific research

The article examines the practice of medical charity as a virtuous activity in the field of medical care. The main attention is paid to non-profit organizations that, in accordance with the legislation, have the status of non-governmental organizations or non-governmental organizations. An overview of the main activities of NGOs with an emphasis on participation in the organization and financing of medical research is presented.

Analysis and Reflection on Drafting Units of Medical Device Industry Standards in China

Standard drafting is an important part in the process of standard formulation and revision. By analyzing the status of the medical device industry standards drafting, thoughts and suggestions were proposed to further promote all relevant parties to actively participate in the standard drafting, effectively improve the quality of the standards, strengthen the technical support and promote the high-quality development of the industry. The statistical data of the participation of social organizations in the drafting and as the first unit drafting medical devices standards from 2017 to 2021 was researched, and the problems in the drafting of standards at this stage were analyzed. Based on the research and analyses, some thoughts and suggestions were proposed to strengthen the management of standard drafting units and promote the participation of all relevant parties in standard drafting. It is necessary to expand and enhance social participation in standard drafting further by innovating incentives, refining and strengthening normative requirements, and creating a positive social atmosphere.

Insights into abusive workplace behavior.

Insights into abusive workplace behavior.

Explaining factors affecting the participation of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in disaster management: A systematic review.

Numerous disasters have occurred over the recent years. Moreover, there has been a considerable rise in the number of victims, injured people, and damages caused by disasters worldwide. Governments cannot meet needs alone due to the complicated nature of crises and accidents. Therefore, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and communities must assist the states during disasters. The present study aimed to derive the factors affecting the participation of NGOs in disaster management using a systematic review in 2022. This systematic review was done using ISI, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, ProQuest, and Cochran Library based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews (PRISMA) standard from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2021. The articles were selected based on the search keywords (population, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO)). After studying the titles, abstracts, and full texts of the articles, the factors affecting the participation of NGOs in disaster management were derived. The final assessment was done on 13 articles. Cooperation and coordination with other organizations, education, communication between NGOs, social empowerment, access to adequate references, and flexibility were the criteria with the highest frequency. As multiple NGOs take part in responding to disasters and performing relief operations, establishing a unified command and supervision system for effective coordination and collaborations among NGOs and other stakeholders is highly suggested. Further research is needed to develop a -measurement tool for assessing the effectiveness of NGOs' activities during disasters.

The Cooperation Path and Development Dilemma of Social Organizations Participating in Community Elderly Care Services: A Case Study of Y Social Organizations in Zhejiang Province

Based on the current national conditions of aging in China, this paper takes the study of Y social organization as the research object, explores the mode and path of Y social organization's correct participation in community elderly care service. It summarizes the value of Y organization's participation in community elderly care service, and the problems and difficulties faced in the development process, so as to further propose the optimization path and means. This research plays a positive role in the future development and improvement of Y organization and in the development of other social organizations.

Notification of Participants of the General Meeting: Legal Significance and Consequences

The Russian legislation contains provisions concerning the procedure for holding a general meeting of participants of a corporate organization that pay special attention to the procedure for notifying about the upcoming meeting. The paper examines the issue of notifying the participants of the civil law community about the meeting as a legally significant action affecting the legal qualification and consequences of the decisions taken by the corporation. The balance of interests of minority and majority participants is analyzed when they are notified, taking into account the agenda. The paper differentiates the cases of invalidation of decisions on disputed and void grounds when the procedure for notifying participants of the meeting is violated. The author proposes the ways of verifying the will of a corporate organization when making an appropriate decision, identifies cases of making corporate decisions necessary for the company, as well as the convalidation of decisions taken with a deviation from the established notification procedure. The paper defines legal approaches and constructions of proper notification taking into account the challenges of modernity, including the process of digital transformation of the economy and sanctions economic pressure on domestic business. Also, the paper examines approaches applied in jurisprudence that have developed over the past decade and identifies trends in the transformation of these approaches with due regard to the balance of interests of participants in corporate relations.

How Benchmarks Affect Participation in Accountable Care Organizations: Prospects for Voluntary Payment Models

How Benchmarks Affect Participation in Accountable Care Organizations: Prospects for Voluntary Payment Models

How India defines organizational citizenship behaviour: an inductive study from an employee perspective

PurposeOrganizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) holds importance for employees and employers. Although it is culturally relativistic, its definition is West-dominated. Conceptual investigations in non-Western cultures yield different dimensions of OCB. Existing OCB models lack contemporariness and reciprocity. Their perspective may be biased towards management. Practice based on such theory gives poor outcomes. To address these gaps, the authors reconceptualized OCB in the Indian context from an employee perspective.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a qualitative study to build an employee-centric, inductive OCB model. The authors briefed respondents about the meaning of OCB and sought descriptions of instances of OCB performed or witnessed by them. The authors collected 478 descriptions from 49 private sector employees in India. The thematic analysis developed ten themes, each an OCB component, organized into four super-themes, denoting interpersonal, individual, organizational and community orientations.FindingsFive OCB components are new emic additions by the model: Building social relationships, emotionally mature behaviour, learning and knowledge creation, housekeeping and event management, and higher order citizenship. Organizational governance participation is absent from the model. Housekeeping and relationship building are the most appearing OCBs, while voice is the least. Findings are discussed in relation to temporal and cultural background, respondent characteristics and perspective.Practical implicationsOrganizations can better support employee OCBs by acknowledging OCBs unique to India, investigating low proportions of voice and civic virtue in the Indian model and informing people policies with this new knowledge.Originality/valueThis is the first attempt to build an inductive model of OCB in India from the employee perspective, making significant contributions to organizational theory and practice.

An exploratory study on how mechanical engineering undergraduates perceive participation in professional disciplinary engineering student organizations that influence their engineering identity

Involvement in professional disciplinary engineering student organizations (PDESOs) positively influences engineering students’ college experience. While extensive research about engineering student societies and organizations has demonstrated various benefits for students, few studies explore professional disciplinary engineering student societies and organizations that provide unique opportunities tailored around specific engineering disciplines. To better understand how participation in PDESOs influences engineering undergraduates, we conducted an exploratory study, interviewing thirteen mechanical engineering undergraduates with six months to three years of experience with PDESOs. The overarching conceptual framework is derived from a combination of motivated identity construction theory and engineering identity, allowing us to see how participation in these organizations contributes to students’ engineering identity and professional development. Participants indicated that involvement in PDESOs provided unique professional development opportunities that enhanced their self-esteem and efficacy and provided a welcoming environment where they experienced a sense of belonging. These results demonstrate that participation in PDESOs contributes to professional development, interpersonal skills, and community engagement, preparing them for the engineering workforce, which contributes to a strengthened engineering identity.

Investigating the Challenges of Medical tourism Development in Affiliated Centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS)

Background: This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the challenges of health tourism development in affiliated centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS).
 Methods: This was a qualitative, descriptive, and applied study. The statistical population included all the stakeholders of health tourism at IUMS. The information was obtained through purposeful sampling until data saturation was reached. 20 experts in health tourism at the IUMS were interviewed. Experts confirmed the validity of form and content and coding was done (1), and the final result was presented.
 Results: 4 general categories were identified as the challenges of health tourism development in IUMS. They included political, social and economic conditions (communication at the global level and economic development), structural and internal organizational conditions (bureaucratic and administrative, supervisory and communication processes), participation (bureaucratic processes, effective communication between government departments and drafting of strategies and operational plans), and promotion (developing a strategic and coherent plan in the development of marketing and services at the global level and advertising).
 Conclusion: While identifying the driving factors and obstacles, It is necessary to develop medical tourism, pay attention to the political, social and economic, structural and intra-organizational conditions, attract participation and improve the existing situation and design services, which are among the challenges of medical tourism development at the Iran University of Medical Sciences.

A socio-economic examination of participation in socially innovative energy projects

This paper aims to examine the role of citizen investment in scaling up renewable generation through participating or investing in social innovation in energy. It presents an explorative study demonstrating results of large-scale surveys of the general public across twelve countries (11 European plus the USA), representing the views of over 10,000 individuals. These surveys focus on three types of innovative energy business models, namely: energy cooperatives, crowdfunding and peer-to-peer platforms. In particular, we study the socioeconomic, demographic and attitudinal attributes of self-reported early participants in similar energy organizations, and also separately among those who express an unwillingness to participate in the above business models. The findings suggest that factors such as age, education, gender, risk preferences, previous general investment experience and trust in the carbon saving claims of organizations are important in explaining both self-reported previous and future participation in energy initiatives.

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION OF PRE-TRIAL INVESTIGATION BODIES IN THE FIGHT AGAINST ORGANIZED CRIME IN THE FIELD OF TAXATION

The article deals with the issues of international cooperation between law enforcement agencies of states and international organizations in combating organized crime in the field of taxation. The forms and directions of the interaction of pre-trial investigation bodies with law enforcement agencies of other countries in countering organized crime in the field of taxation are analyzed. The study studied international treaties, the legislation of states (Ukraine, Germany, Poland, Italy), scientific achievements of scientists, statistical data on registered criminal offences and the results of their pre-trial investigation, and materials of criminal proceedings. According to the results of the study, the interaction of investigative units with other law enforcement agencies and their units in Ukraine, as well as law enforcement agencies of other states, is proposed to be considered in two senses. One of them – is a guide, the principle of organization, which should guide the investigation process. The second – as a structural element of the methodology for investigating certain types of crimes, which should contain information about the experience of interaction of the investigator with other departments of law enforcement agencies, government agencies and public organizations, and, if necessary, with law enforcement agencies from other countries of the world (international cooperation). The levels of international cooperation in combating crimes in the field of taxation committed by organized criminal groups are determined: bilateral (allows to take into account the peculiarities of law enforcement activities of each party to a greater extent, to agree on issues that are not equally regulated by the national legislation of each of them); regional (based on the principle of territoriality and allows taking into account the interests of the states of a particular region); universal (cooperation is carried out on the basis of Ukraine’s participation in world international organizations). Forms of international cooperation in the field of combating crime are international legal assistance (conducting investigators and other legal proceedings, etc.), extradition of a person suspected of committing a crime (extradition institute), taking over of criminal proceedings; transfer of convicts to deprivation of liberty for further execution of punishment; international search; information exchange. Proposals have been formulated to improve the interaction of investigative units with law enforcement agencies of other states in combating organized crime in the field of taxation based on the provisions of the Second Additional Protocol to the European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters of 2001 on the possibility of direct communication between the competent authorities of Ukraine and the competent ones.

A criterial model for assessing the quality of the digital educational environment using cloud services

Globalization of all spheres of activity of educational systems determines the need to create simple and accessible tools for monitoring and evaluating the quality of objects and resources. In particular, due to the need to intensify the processes of digital transformation of education, it is important to assess the quality of digital educational environments (DEE). The aim of the work is to substantiate the approach and describe the procedure for monitoring of DEE of educational institutions based on the available cloud services, providing convenient collection, accumulation, and processing of statistical and monitoring indicators.The projective criterial model of the system of assessment and monitoring of the quality of DEE, which is based on the results of self-assessment of the educational organization and external expert evaluation, was adopted. The main feature of the model is the participation of organizations and external experts in the process of designing criterion rubrics, conducting and analyzing the results of monitoring. Yandex Forms service is used for self-assessment of DEE and expert evaluation of the educational organization website which allows converting of the collected data into spreadsheets. By combining the data and their statistical processing it is possible to obtain indicators for different slices and ratings, to conduct a summary clustering of the DEE of the studied organizations by three levels: low, average, and high.The proposed model was implemented in the assessment of DEE practices of supplementary education for children. To determine the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the DLE and the official sites of additional education organizations we created questionnaires in Yandex Forms filled in by the representatives of the studied organizations. Pilot testing showed that the collection, processing, and delivery of monitoring data to users was technologically simple and easy.The projective criterial model for assessing the quality of the DEE of supplementary education organizations can be used for many other studies related to criterion-based assessment activities.

The Past and Future of Gender Research in Marketing: Paradigms, Stances, and Value-Based Commitments

This systematic literature review enhances paradigmatic/metaphysic analyses by examining how value-based commitments, intellectual personae, and stances impact the diversity, relevance, and consideration of ethics in gender research published by the top-tier marketing journals in the past 30 years. Theoretical contributions (1) explain how commitments to research values and practices constitute personae and particular stances toward research, (2) attribute value commitments to quantitative/positivist as well as qualitative/neohumanist research, and (3) implicate stances that favor particular theories and procedures and in turn enable the hierarchical development of gender research and its marginalization in the field. Recommendations elaborate the analytic, reflexive, and administrative training and research activities that will foster and reward more relevant, accurate, and ethical research on gender in the marketing academy and in industry. This work is of interest to persons dealing with gender identities, communities, and social issues, those working for greater gender representation and participation in firms and civic organizations, and those concerned with leveraging better marketing research for a better world.