Organization Of Islamic Conference Research Articles

The Role of The Islamic Conference Organization and Expectations of The Future Role

The Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) is the foundation of Muslims in various dimensions of life. This research aims to identify the role of OIC globally. This research uses qualitative methods with a descriptive approach and a literature study. Research reference data was obtained from journals and reference books related to the role of the OIC. The study's results found ten dimensions of the OIC's role globally: politics, tourism, Islamic diplomacy, conflict resolution, humanity, cooperation for development, human rights, Islamic finance, world peace, and the development of science and technology. The OIC, as an association of countries with an Islamic background, needs to increase its role globally as a solution to various dimensions of problems experienced by OIC members. The implication is that in the future, we need to play an optimal role in population, poverty alleviation, finance, Islamic microfinance, halal economy, humanity and human resources.

Successes and failures of conflict governance: Lessons from Aceh, Indonesia and Moro, Philippines

The purpose of this study is to analyze ethnic conflict management in Aceh (Indonesia) and Moro (Philippines) conflicts. The Aceh conflict was considered resolved after the signing of the Helsinki agreement, which was mediated by the Crisis Management Initiative (CMI), an international NGO based in Finland, on 15 August 2005 between Indonesian government and the Free Aceh Movement (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka, GAM). Meanwhile, the Moro (Philippines) conflict is still ongoing despite the TRIPOLI agreement signed and mediated by the OIC (Organization of Islamic Conference) between the Philippine government and the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) on 23 December 1976 and also with the MILF in 2001. This research method uses a qualitative approach. Primary data was obtained through interviews with figures who were considered competent in the Aceh conflict and the Moro conflict. The results of this study show that CMI in Aceh has succeeded in changing the situation of ethnic conflict into a situation that can reduce and reduce escalation and direct conflict actors towards conflict resolution. Peacemaking, peacekeeping and peace building have been played well by CMI involving the international community such as ASEAN and the European Union to manage the conflict. Meanwhile, in Moro the OIC failed to bring the conflict actors to solve their problems. The Philippine government lacks a robust vision, framework, and the necessary political will to effectively address the Moro conflict, which is of concern to the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC).

Yugo Wars: A Case Study on the Peacekeeping Efforts in Bosna-Hercegovina

This article is an examination of the history of ex-Yugoslavia, more specifically the region of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and its immediate neighbors. A brief history of imperialism, religious influence, and the impact of the World Wars within BiH will lead to a discussion on nationalist-separatism and Balkan independence movements. The article focuses on the drive behind, and the outcome of, the 1992 war within BiH that stemmed from BiH’s desire to be independent from Yugoslavia. The primary perspectives within the article are that of the Bosniaks, Croats, and Serbs. Outside actors such as Serbia, Russia, the United States, Pakistan, the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC), Muslim terrorist organizations, the United Nations (UN), and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) will also be discussed to capture the various stakes and goals of the war. This will transition into a detailed breakdown of various UN and NATO missions, as well as their impact on the citizens and factions within BiH. The missions analyzed within this article will be the Dayton Peace Accords, the United Nations Mission in BiH (UNMIBH), the Stabilization Force (SFOR), the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR), Implementation Force (IFOR), and the European Union Force (EUFOR). Transparency in BiH between parties to the conflict, the success or failure of peace enforcement, and the provision of effective rehabilitation assistance by the international community will be put into question. The article’s conclusion will analyze the value of peacekeeping within BiH as well as address the lasting social/emotional impact on the BiH community.

Analyzing the Dynamics of Islamic Stock Market Indices in Several Muslim Countries

Purpose: Analyzing stock price is very necessary to identify the overall price of the stock index, which the market players have various options and references to invest their money in the profitable securities portfolio. Based on the reason, the aim of this study is to examine the Islamic stock price movement in several Muslim countries joined in the Islamic Conference Organization (IOC). Theoretical Framework: This study refers to the theoretical framework that the integrated capital market can help everyone in analyzing the quality and quantity of the Islamic stock price movement, including its challenges and opportunity in the context of investment risk management. Design/Methodology/Approach: This research uses a descriptive-analytical method and comparative approach to examine the tends of Islamic stock price movement in six Muslim countries from the period January 2010 to December 2019, namely JII-Indonesia, DJIMY-Malaysia, DJTR-Turkey, DJIMKW-Kuwait, TDWL-Saudi Arabia, and QEAR-Qatar, which are analyzed quantitatively, statistically, and deductively. Findings: The results of the research show that the co-integrated of Islamic Stock Index are JII-Indonesia with DJIMY-Malaysia, JII-Indonesia and DJIMKW-Kuwait, DJIMY-Malaysia with DJIMKW-Kuwait, DJTR-Turkey with DJIMKW-Kuwait, QEAR-Qatar with DJIMKW-Kuwait. The Islamic stock index pairs confirmed through the VAR and VECM tests are only DJIMY-Malaysia with QEAR-Qatar, DJIMY-Malaysia with DJIMKW-Kuwait, and TDWL-Saudi Arabia with QEAR-Qatar. Research, Practical & Social Implications: This study becomes one example of the practical analysis of Islamic Stock Market movements that can be used to the stock market players in taking the consideration and decision for the investment in capital market. Originality/Value: This result of this study is originally limited in the Islamic stock index in six Muslim countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Kuwait. However, this can be explored more comprehensively in the same or various research objective by the other researchers.

Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) and its Journalistic Efforts

The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) is the second largest inter-governmental organization after the United Nations, with a membership of 57 states, covering four continents. The OIC is the collective voice of the Muslim world to ensure and safeguard their interest in economic socio and political areas. The OIC has Institutions, which implement its programs, established in 1969 with its headquarters in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The OIC aims to represent the Muslim world to protect and safeguard the vital interests of Muslims in the spirit of promoting international peace, security, and harmony as well as inter-faith dialogue among various people of the world. According to its charter, the OIC aims to preserve Islamic social and economic values; promote solidarity amongst member states; increase cooperation in social, economic, cultural, scientific, and political areas; uphold international peace and security; and advance education. The priority areas of the OIC-2025 Program of Action include issues of Peace and Security, Palestine and Al-Quds, Poverty Alleviation, Counter-terrorism, Investment and Finance, Food Security, Science and Technology, Climate Change and Sustainability, Moderation, Culture and Interfaith Harmony, Empowerment of Women in whole Islamic countries all around the world. From this research, we learned that who are the member countries of the Organization of Islamic Conference and what is their purpose? In this study, we found out which countries have made the OIC, what is the purpose of their agreement and unity, and what topics did they discuss and find solutions for the problems. The Islamic Summit includes Kings, Heads of State, and the Governments of Member States, and is the OIC's supreme authority. It convenes once every three years to deliberate, take policy decisions, guide on issues pertaining to the realization of objectives and consider other issues of concern to the Member States and the Ummah.

Pengaruh Identitas Politik Terhadap Regionalisme Timur Tengah: Integrasi Atau Disintegrasi?

The study of political identitiy in Middle East is an uniqe one due to the challenge that offered by both sub and supra identities. Sub-state identity indicates nationalism—loyal to its boundaries—and irredentism. Supra-state identity, Pan-Arabism and Pan-Islamism, that limit the loyalty to its state. Since Arab World and Islam World emerged in Middle East, this region became more integrated. This article will examine how political identities shape the region towards the integration. The theory of constructivism will play a significant role to analyize the impact of Middle East identites to conduct their foreign policy. The result of this study shows that Middle East countries’ foreign policies are mainly influenced by their identities as Arab nation and Islam nation. Both of these identities were created through historical interaction with the involvement of the external actors. Those identities shaped regionalism in Middle East through Arab League and Islamic Conference. However, it seems that the identities are collapsing since the institutions no longer functioned recently. Keywords: Political Identity, Regionalism, Middle East, Arab League, Islamic Conference Organization

Bisnis Nener dalam Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (Studi Kasus CV. Simpatik Buleleng Bali)

milkfish business to find out local and export business at the CV. Simpatik Buleleng pond company, this research methods, types of research used is field research, collected data by researchers include primary and secondary data, while the source obtained by observation, interview, and documentation, then teh data is analyzed descriptively throuh, display, reduction, verification and prescriptive, so that it produces the result that is 1. Companies set prices unilaterally, islam provides freedom in specify prices by Wahbah Zuhaili, Ibnu Araby, Imam Malik, dan Ibnu Taimiyah. 2. Nener sample calculation, becomes an agreement between siler and buyer. 3. The Fuqoha’ allow shigat fi’liyah (actions) clarity of sale and purchase transaction contracts, as well as exchanging goods using money this is allowed by Ibnu Qosim in the kitab athul qorib. 4. The high price of nener is allowed to use a Musawama sale and purchase contract (bargaining) 5. Ordering nener in larvae tuber not yet old enough to be harvested is a prohibition on buying and selling (gharar) by Imam Nawawi and Imam Al-Qorafi while according to Syafi’iyyah, Abu Yusuf Muhammad (Hanafiyah) and one narration of madhab Ahmad states that it is invalid, malikiyah and one narration of hanabilah that it is forbidden to buy and sell food that has not been received by hand. 6. Late payment of nener’s money, according to the argument of ijma’ by Ibnu Qoudamah rahimahullah stating that the sale and purchase is valid in accordance with the compensation given. 7.Nener’s death is the responsibility of the seller who should be the responsibility of the buyer, in this case it is contrary to the opinion of al-qadhi and scholars who belong to his group namely goods that have been determined to be the responsibility of the buyer. 8. Payment via ATM is allowed because the ijab & qobul consent can be fulfilled properly determined by the fiqh commission at the islamic conference organization number 107 on 17-23 sya’ban in 1410 H.

The Role of Pakistan in the Organization of Islamic Conference

The rise of Western naval power in the world was the consequence ofthe earlier Iberian discovery of peoples, societies and cultures beyond theseas known to the Europeans of the early fifteenth century. It was indeedthese forays and adventures that gradually led to the imposition ofWestern colonial and imperial rule over what were previouslyindependent societies and cultures in Asia and Africa. The Muslimsocieties, along with Buddhist, Hindu, Eastern Christian and traditionalAfrican peoples, were all brought under one European imperial roof,and their societies exposed to the transforming powers of Westernindustrial might.It was of course this rise of the West and the decline of the East that ledto the parcelling out of Muslim lands and to the alteration in the directionand flow of cultural and intellectual exchanges between the Muslims ofthe Indian subcontinent and their brethren elsewhere in Dam1 Islam.With such a division of the Muslim lands, each Muslim people livingunder a given colonial power tried to maintain its Islamic identityagainst whatever odds there were in that colonial system. Pakistaniswere part of this global phenomenon and the creation of their country in1947 dramatized the Muslim feeling of loss of unity and the urgent needto recover the universal feeling of Islamic solidarity which colonial ruleseemingly derailed from the tracks of human history.In this paper I intend to examine and analyze the role of Pakistan inthe Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC). Working on theunderstanding that Pakistan at the time of the formation of the OIC in1969, was the most populous Islamic state in the world and that its verycreation was occasioned by the Islamic sentiments of the Muslim ...

PERMISSIBILITY OF SURROGACY IN ISLAMIC LAW

The issue on Surrogacy has been a much debatable one from the Shariah perspective since mid-1980s and is still being discussed. Shariah shows the Islamic way of life, where medicine plays an integral part. The Prophet Muhammad founded a medical tradition in relation to human beings in their totality in which the spiritual, the psychological, and the physical were considered from social milieu as well. Marriage being half of the religion, as described by the Prophet, children are also considered as great and blessed gift of Allah. On the other hand, Literal meaning of the word ‘surrogate’ is ‘substitute’ or ‘replacement’. A ‘surrogate mother’ is therefore a substitute or tentative mother who is willing to bear child for another woman. The idea and process of surrogate motherhood, where a woman acts as an incubator for another couple for payment or otherwise, is vehemently rejected and condemned by most of the modern Muslim scholars. This issue was first addressed at the seventh session of the Muslim World League’s Islamic Fiqh Council meeting in 1404 AH/1985 CE, wherein the following year, the Council permitted fertilisation of the zygote only among married couples but with certain conditions. The Council however retracted its earlier views on permitting surrogacy among co-wives of the same husband.1 Similarly, the Fiqh Council of the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) in 1986 concluded that surrogacy could be permissible only between married couples and under certain conditions. Many Muslim scholars consider it a form of unlawful sexual intercourse (zina). Others quote a large number of verses and traditions to show that such an act runs counter to the intention of the Lawgiver, and it also opposes the laws of nature determined by the Almighty. View of Islamic jurists (Fatwas) seems to be absolute regarding traditional surrogacy that it is strictly forbidden but when it comes to gestational surrogacy, (the embryo is actually created by using the ova and sperm of the commissioning couple), there is no absolute prohibition or permission under Shari’ah (Islamic Law). The paper argues that none of the arguments given by the modern scholars against the legal validity of surrogate motherhood are sound. The implication of the texts they quote is not what is intended by these scholars. In fact, there is nothing in the texts or even the writings of the jurists that opposes this process. There may also be arguments in Islamic legal literature that would encourage such a process. The paper also argues that surrogate motherhood may be declared valid with certain conditions. This paper attempts to build a self-contained argument vis-a-vis infertility and surrogacy from Sunni-Islamic perspectives, taking into account socio-cultural and psychological aspects of this issue. Conversely this paper contends that surrogacy and the process thereof does not fall under the definition of zinā, since the evidences given by these Islamic scholars–against the illegitimacy of child and surrogate parenthood–have no foundations in this juncture to declare the practice of surrogacy as adultery and the resulting baby as an illegitimate. This research paper discusses the validity of gestational surrogacy under shari’ah and recommends some measures to establish limits to avoid social disorders & anomalies in surrogate parenting that outweigh any of its expected benefits to the human society.

Fragmentasi Pemberontak Dan Durasi Perang Sipil: Thailand Selatan Pasca Dimediasi Organisasi Kerjasama Islam

Southern Thailand violent conflict, a civil war faced by Thailand Government against Pattani groups, has been lasted since 2004 without significant reconciliation.International organization, i.e., Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) has participated as the third actor striving for resolution. However, the conflict has been trapped in stagnancy. This study examines how three involving actors contributes to civil war duration. Third parties’ incapabilities, rebel fragmentation, and state’s power are the main reason why such a civil conflict could not reach a mutual agreement. Such conclusion is deduced based on qualitative data through two frameworks: Hourglass model and bargaining theory.

Modern Relations Between Central Asian Countries and Turkey

In the article considered trade and economic relations between the countries of Central Asia and Turkey at the present stage. It should be noted that Turkey is expanding its presence not only in Kazakhstan, but also in Central Asia. Turkish business operates in various sectors of Kazakhstan’s economy. Bilateral relations have positive dynamics and a strategic perspective. The Turkish presence in the region begins to grow rapidly. Ankara rendered assistance to Central Asian countries in joining the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), the Islamic Conference Organization and joining the Security and Cooperation Organizations in Europe (OSCE), partially taking upon itself even the execution of relevant documents. Turkey invests in the economy of the post-Soviet republics, Turkish entrepreneurs contribute to these processes. Turkey, located at the intersection of the most important, but at the same time problematic regions of the world, Europe and Asia, is implementing an unusually active and ambitious foreign policy. Turkish diplomacy seeks to nullify problems with its closest neighbors in the region, solving them through multilateral dialogue. Among the priorities of the «soft power» of Turkey in Central Asia one can single out the implementation of joint projects in the field of education and culture. Since 1991, the Turkish  state, private entrepreneurs and non-governmental organizations have opened many educational institutionsin Central Asian countries, Turkish leaders have begun to implement the «Big Student Project».

Rising Powers and International Organisations: The Case of China’s Counter-terrorism Strategy at the United Nations

This article illustrates China’s counter-terrorism strategy at the United Nations (UN), analyses its cornerstones and underscores changing patterns. On this basis, it also seeks to make some broader observations about how rising powers behave in international organisations and to highlight their attitudes towards the liberal international order. It considers Chinese positions in the debates in the General Assembly (1972–2018), its Sixth Committee and the Security Council (since the early 1990s) and identifies four pillars of China’s counter-terrorism strategy. These include norm entrepreneurship, diplomatic measures, promotion of international cooperation and domestic measures to fulfil obligations emanating from UN resolutions, conventions and declarations. It shows how China has shaped the discourse on terrorism at the UN and how its counter-terror narratives and advocacy have been and are being shaped by the discourse among states and competing blocs like the Organization of Islamic Conference over this period. It concludes with the observation that, despite changes in its strategy in recent years, the defining principles of China’s counter-terrorism strategy, such as respect for state sovereignty and non-interference in internal affairs, have not eroded. Changes like accepting that the UN must play a ‘central coordination role’ in international counter-terrorism should be regarded as a further extension of China’s zeal to maintain the international order because the UN is a defining pillar of the present international order.

Indonesia’s Monetary Integration with OIC Member Countries: New Evidence

The purpose of this paper is to assess the co-movement of currency symmetry between Indonesia and the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) members. The contemporary progress of economic relations between Indonesia and the OIC members might push them towards monetary integration. By employing the Optimum Currency Area (OCA)-index, this study finds that Indonesia has a strong monetary integration with the OIC members. Indonesia is found to be within the top 10 prime converged countries in the OIC. This finding is clearly contradictory to previous studies that mostly identified little integration between Indonesia and other countries. The panel fixed-effect least squares regression model estimates that the similarity in inflation is the only significant criterion in explaining the closer integration of Indonesia with the OIC. This study provides a new policy implication for Indonesia to integrate more widely within the canopy of the OIC: as long as price stability can be maintained, the potential for integration will be greater.

Peacebuilding Model of Third-Party Mediation in the Philippines: Comparing Malaysia and the OIC

Many nation-states have increasingly found themselves in a situation where they are unable to sort out their domestic conflicts without third party mediation. This is particularly true for a country like the Government of the Philippines (GPH) who has been fighting violent protracted internal conflicts for many decades against Bangsamoro revolutionary groups. Therefore, with respect to the above, the purpose of this article is to compare peacebuilding models of third party mediation to the Bangsamoro conflicts with particular focus between Malaysia and the Organization of Islamic Conference, presently Cooperation (OIC). Its approach is primarily an eclectic, by concentrating on the strengths and weaknesses of the peacebuilding models of the third party mediation as employed by both Malaysia and OIC. The article is divided into two major parts. The first part discussed both Malaysia and OIC’s diplomatic approaches in dealing with the Bangsamoro conflict, while the second part explained inclusivity versus exclusivity of both Malaysia and the OIC respectively. The study found that Malaysia’s model is more durable and successful when compared to OIC’s. In fact, Malaysia’s quiet diplomacy and less confrontational approach with greater inclusivity were more effective compared to elitist and confrontational approach of the OIC’s mediation to the Bangsamoro conflicts. Indeed, the Government of the Philippines and Moro Islamic Liberation Front (GPH-MILF) peace process is one of the most inclusive peace processes in the world. It may have some who were left out in the peace process, but they were all consulted by both Manila and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) as opposed to OIC mediated Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Moro National Liberation Front (GRP-MNLF) peace negotiations. Therefore, it is pertinent to conclude that there is nothing that resembles the inclusivity of the GPH-MILF peace process that characterized the exclusivity of the GRP-MNLF peace process.

The Press and Nigeria’s Foreign Policy: A Content Analysis of Selected Issues (1985 – 1995)<br />  

Objectives of this study include but not limited to ascertaining the extent to which the press contributed to the formulation and implementation of some foreign policies during the period under study, scrutinizing the nature of publications on the foreign policies by Nigerian press during the period under review and bringing to light, the relationship between media ownership structure and press performance in foreign policy issues. This study examines the extent (using directionality, frequency and content categories) to which the press contributed to foreign policy issues during the period under review, with regards to the selected foreign policy initiatives. The study is based on historical, content analysis and case study design. The study examined six privately-owned newspapers and magazines and also two government-owned newspapers. The population of the study was drawn from newspapers published in Nigeria between 1985 and 1995. Namely, The Daily Star (now defunct) Daily Times, The Guardian, National Concord (now defunct) However, a total of 300 editions of three newspapers and two magazines published within the period of the study (African Guardian & African Concord) were content analyzed. From the research questions, findings indicate that the press played a significant role in the three foreign policy issues. In the three issues examined, the press had a total of 21 publications, it is clear that the press through news stories and commentaries enlightened the people and contributed immensely to the implementation or otherwise of the loan policy under Babangida’s regime. ). Invariably, the press forced the government to drop the idea of Nigeria joining the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) for that period.

Islamsko bankarstvo i modeli financiranja u poslovanju islamske banke

Islamsko bankarstvo danas je široko rasprostranjen pojam kako u islamskim zemljama, tako i na Zapadu. Ono označava bankarsku formu i financije koje klijentima nastoje osigurati usluge bez kamata. Zagovornici islamskog bankarstva tvrde da je glavni cilj „riba”, koja je zabranjena po islamskim zakonima. Ovakav stav prema kamati udružio je nekoliko islamskih škola radi pronalaska načina i sredstava za razvitak alternativnoga bankarskog sustava, koji bi bio u skladu s pravilima islamskih zakona, a posebno s pravilima koji se odnose na zabranu kamate. Od sredine 1970-ih broj islamskih banaka je u porastu. Islamske banke nisu osnovane samo u zemljama u kojima je islam najzastupljenija religija, kao što je Egipat, Jordan, Sudan, Bahrein, Kuvajt, Ujedinjeni Arapski Emirati, Tunis, Mauritanija i Malezija, već i u zemljama kao što su Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo, Njemačka i Filipini, gdje je islam manjinska religija. Međunarodna islamska banka, Islamska razvojna banka, čiji su dioničari članovi Organizacije islamske konferencije, djeluju kao sponzori islamskog bankarstva i financija širom islamskog svijeta.

The Virtues and Limits of Hospitality: Granting Refugee Status in Islam

The Virtues and Limits of Hospitality: Granting Refugee Status in Islam Khaleel Mohammed In pre‐Islamic Arabia, hospitality and providing haven for refugees were characteristics muruwwa, a term that denotes chivalry and manly honor. With the rise of Islam, the Qur'an deemed these practices as religious virtues, to the extent that they even surpass aspects of ritual worship. Sura 2:177 states, “Piety is not that you turn your faces towards the East or West; rather, piety is that you… give of your wealth, despite your love for it, to your relatives, the orphans, the poor, and the wayfarer…” It was in Islamic legal discourse (fiqh) that the duties of hospitality and the rules of seeking and granting asylum became regulated and covered under the general rubric of Siyar (international law). Some scholars note that the Islamic material is actually the foundation of modern international refugee law and the legal protocols upon which the office of United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees operates. Since World War II, problems in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East have seen the displacement of many Muslims to the extent that today most of the world's estimated 22.5 million refugees are Muslim. In 1969, fifty‐seven countries formed the Organization of Islamic Conference (later renamed Organization of Islamic Cooperation[OIC]), which is now the second largest global organization after the United Nations, to address, inter alia, the issue of human rights and refugees in Muslim‐majority lands. The OIC has designed several resolutions on the topic that are similar to those of the United Nations via treaties and summits such as the Universal Islamic Declaration on Human Rights (1981), The Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam (1990), and the Arab Convention on Regulating the Status of Refugees in Arab Countries (1994). President Trump's executive orders to severely curtail the entry of Muslims to the United States as well as the growing hostility in Europe to displaced Muslims have brought a new urgency to the refugee issue. Religion‐based scholars and activists have been in the vanguard of those pontificating on the subject. Muslim presenters generally draw upon the Qur'an, Hadith (oral traditions), and Islamic legal discourse in their arguments. I contend that many of these presentations are largely based upon advocacy research, in which people proffer only that which supports their position. Such apologists portray the “Islamic” way as the ideal one, with its refugee protocols as comparable to, or more liberal than those of the United Nations. I aim to show that there are limits within the general Islamic worldview and that these limits are particularly applicable to the acceptance of refugees in the United States. Hospitality The Qur'an uses the story of Abraham's treatment of his guests at Mamre—as does the Hebrew Bible—to show virtue of hospitality: Has the story of Abraham's honored guests reached you? They entered upon him and said, “Peace!”He answered “Peace! (you are) strangers.” He went to his family and returned with a fatted calf, placed it near to them and said, “Will you not eat?” (Sura 54:21‐7; compare with Genesis 18:1‐7) The narrative serves to build a certain image of Abraham—emphasizing that the people were strangers, thus making him the archetype of the generous servant of God and an example for all who claim to follow the path of ethical monotheism. The oral traditions of Islam also abound with hortatory stories of hospitality, all of which supposedly are done for God's sake and not for any worldly gain. Muslim ibn Hajjaj (d.875), the famous Hadith scholar, reported in his compilation of traditions, commonly known as Sahih Muslim, that the Prophet said: He who believes In God and the Last day should show respect to the guest as is his due. The (companions) asked, “Messenger of God, what is this due?” He replied, “It is for a day and a night. Hospitality extends for three days, and what is beyond that is as charity for him; and he who believes in God and the last day should say something good or keep quiet.” (Ibn Hajjaj , 766) The very next Hadith...

Pengaruh Korupsi dan Pendapatan Nasional terhadap Pembangunan Ekonomi di Negara-negara Islam

Economic development was an attempt by the state to improve the welfare of people in the entire region. Some effort of this development are the expansion of the economic base with diversification of agriculture, the development of production of extractive (mining, forestry) development of secondary industry (manufacturing and construction) and the activities of the tertiary sector (services) as well as the creation of productive employment in the fields of widespread activity.There are some fundamental issues in economic development, some of which are problems of corruption and economic growth as an increased ability to produce goods and services in various fields. This study aimed to analyze the effects of corruption and the national income to economic development in the Islamic countries. The study was conducted in Islamic countries who are members of the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) to take a sample of 52 countries members of the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) which was analyzed by quantitative approach using a multiple linear regression analysis. From the analysis, discussion and hypothesis testing using corruption and national income variables as independent variables, and economic development as the dependent variable, the results of studies showed that the corruption variables have positive and significant influence amounted to 42.1% of the economic development. National income variable has a positive and significant effect of 0.5% on economic development. Variable corruption and national income together (simultaneously) has a positive and significant influence amounted to 33.0% of the variable economic development.

Resolving Disputes among Islamic Countries within the Framework of Organization of Islamic Conference

Organization of Islamic Conference is the only International governmental agency that has all Muslim countries as its members. Hence, this organization represents both the member states and Islam at the international level. The organization operates based on the charter approved by members come in 1972. It is a NGO and international mechanisms for Islamic countries to achieve Islamic solidarity. Original and divine sources of Islam encompass all Islamic principles and values. International relations inspired by the original Islamic sources has been developed and implemented among Muslim countries with the efforts of Muslim scholars and jurists. Some of the most recognized principles are equality, justice, respect, fulfillment of the covenant, cooperation, development, peace and security, respect for the right of self-determination, as well as preventing aggression, corruption, tyranny, and ultimately jihad. Statute of the Organization of Islamic Conference reflects and embodies the values and principles of Islam. The introduction to the Statute emphasizes on member states’ commitment to preserve Islamic, spiritual, religious, social and economic values and principles; foreign targets of Muslim countries should be evidently the very embodiment of these principles. This research aims to examine the organization’s capacity to enter legal disputes among member countries of this major political organization in the Muslim world. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n4p682

Investigating stock market efficiency: A look at OIC member countries

The tremendous growth of emerging and developing markets bring forth new arenas of research. One such area is the efficiency of stock markets. In light of the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) several studies have been undertaken over the past two decade, with much focus being on developed markets and certain developing countries. However, a dearth in literature is seen for this niche on Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) member countries. Following the recent global crisis, attention on emerging and developing markets have increased tremendously, questioning whether these countries’ market are apt in withstanding influxes of capital without crashing. The OIC despite its global presence and potential has often been criticized about its stock markets, which are marred by underdevelopment and illiquidity. This paper focuses on analysing the weak-form efficiency of OIC member stock markets to determine their efficiency rankings during different business cycles. Our results are indicative of improving efficiency over the past decade.