Higher Education Organizations Research Articles

Педагогическая технология как средство формирования образовательной самостоятельности обучающихся образовательных организаций высшего образования ФСИН России

Введение: статья посвящена рассмотрению проблемы повышения роли самостоятельной внеаудиторной работы обучающихся образовательных организаций высшего образования ФСИН России и формирования отношения к ней как значимому компоненту образовательного процесса. Цель: описание и научное обоснование педагогической технологии, направленной на формирование образовательной самостоятельности будущих сотрудников уголовно-исполнительной ситемы. Методы: теоретические методы (изучение и анализ психолого-педагогической литературы по теме исследования, педагогическое моделирование) и эмпирические методы (опрос, анализ результатов деятельности). Результаты: в ходе изучения вопроса был сформирован категориальный аппарат исследования, ключевым понятием при этом выступил теоретический конструкт «образовательная самостоятельность». Обращение к педагогическому моделированию позволило описать образовательную дистанционную технологию, основанную на интерактивном педагогическом взаимодействии на базе модульной объектно-ориентированной динамической обучающей среды (Moodle). В данной технологии акцент делается на развитии познавательной мотивации обучающихся, в качестве источника которого выступает профессионально ориентированная учебная дилемма. Учебная дилемма выполняет функцию информационно-смысловой единицы, охватывающей содержание определенной темы и соответствующей ей компетенции, заложенной в структуре учебной дисциплины. Проведенное эмпирическое исследование показало, что применение этой образовательной технологии реально мобилизует познавательную активность обучающихся и вызывает у них большой интерес к учебе и будущей профессии за пределами тем, предназначенных для аудиторного изучения. Выводы: установлено, что продуктивность самостоятельной внеаудиторной работы определяется такой организацией внешнего управления со стороны преподавателя, которая соотносится с внутренними потребностями обучающихся и позволяет актуализировать широкий спектр познавательных мотивов: непосредственно побуждающих, интеллектуально-побуждающих, перспективно побуждающих. Описанная образовательная технология, отвечая этим условиям, может быть предложена для использования в массовой практике. Ключевые слова: образовательная самостоятельность; образовательный процесс; педагогическая технология; познавательные мотивы; учебная дилемма; электронная образовательная среда.

Pedagogical Technology as a Means to Develop Educational Self-Sufficiency in Students of Higher Education Organizations of FSIN Russia

Introduction: the paper addresses the issue of enhancing the role of individual extramural studies for students of higher education institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia and searches for ways to form students’ attitude towardindividual extramural studiesas a significant component of the educational process. Aim: description and scientific substantiation of a pedagogical technology aimed to develop educational self-sufficiency in future staff of the penal system. Methods: theoretical methods (studying and analyzing psychological and pedagogical literature on the subject, pedagogical simulation) and empirical methods (survey, performance results analysis). Results: in the course of our research we formed a set of definitions and terms, the key one among which is “educational self-sufficiency”. Pedagogical simulation helped us describe distance educational technology based on interactive pedagogical communication using Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment (Moodle). This technology focuses on the development of cognitive motivation in students, and the motivation source is found in a professionally oriented educational dilemma. An educational dilemma serves as an informational and conceptual unit that covers the content of a certain topic and the corresponding competence laid down in the structure of an academic discipline. The empirical research we conducted has shown that the use of this educational technology actually mobilizes students’ cognitive activity and fuels their interest in learning and future profession beyond the topics intended for classroom-based studies. Conclusions: we have found out that the performance efficiency of individual extramural studies depends on how the teacher organizes external supervision. It should correlate with the inner needs of students and bring to the fore a wide range of cognitive motives: motivating directly, motivating intellectually, motivating prospectively. Being in line with these conditions, the educational technology we describe can be used on a large-scale basis. Keywords: educational self-sufficiency; educational process; pedagogical technology; cognitive motives; educational dilemma; electronic educational environment.

Edukasi adaptasi kebiasaan baru anak usia sekolah dasar di Desa Sukalaksana: Strategi pencegahan COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced society to adapt to new biases to stop the spread of the virus. The purpose of this service is to provide education and support the implementation of Adaptation of New Beliefs (AKB) in the Early Childhood Education Program at Sukalaksana Elementary School, Garut. The implementation methodology includes case studies, interviews, AKB education, and follow-up on IMR implementation for three days after counseling. During lectures, material is delivered using brochures and video material that discusses COVID-19 and the stages of its implementation. In addition, each learning shift is divided into small groups to emphasize compliance with health protocols. Evaluation findings suggest that children's understanding of COVID-19 and IMR practices should be improved. After completing the training, they started practicing AKB techniques such as cleaning their teeth with soap and using masks. This program emphasizes the importance of collaboration between higher education organizations and government.

Perceptions Versus Reality:First Year/Early Career Faculty Expectations and Experiences through the Lens of Negentropy

ABSTRACT The first year of faculty members’ time at an institution of higher education is spent learning their role and institutional culture. Quite often new faculty members need more support, guidance, and mentoring than they receive. But how can we help new faculty to create new energy (act negentropically) toward the institutional advancement? This qualitative phenomenological, exploratory case study of eight first-year and early career faculty (FYECF) provides insight into the lived experiences of this population and expands the utilization of the concept of negentropy into higher education organizations and socialization of FYECF. Through the data analysis, six major themes emerged: (1) Ambiguity, (2) Performance Expectations, (3) Collaboration, (4) Entrepreneurial/Innovation, (5) Finding a Voice, (6) Sharing Knowledge. While these themes may be anticipated in a study such as this one, it is the overlay of negentropic actions that makes this contribution unique. Implications for policy and practice are discussed for promoting a negentropic university environment.

CVRriculum Program Faculty Development Workshop: Outcomes and Suggestions for Improving the Way We Guide Instructors to Embed Virtual Reality Into Course Curriculum.

Experiential education and student engagement are a main source of student attraction and retention in post secondary milieus. To remain innovative, it is imperative that universities look beyond the internet and traditional multimedia mediums and incorporate novel ways and cutting-edge technologies that can drastically change the way students and educators experience learning. The application of technology as an approach to experiential education is becoming more popular and has extensively impacted universities and other higher education organizations around the world. One approach to support this change in education delivery is to use immersive technologies such as virtual reality (VR). Our team has conducted a pilot study that focuses on embedding VR as a medium to teach empathy within higher education milieus. We began the study by conducting a pilot faculty development workshop to provide an understanding of VR and ways it can be embedded as a pedagogical approach to support curriculum design. Five faculty members from a local university were recruited to participate. Outcomes suggest that embedding VR into the curriculum is a feasible approach that provides an engaging learning environment that is effective for teaching an array of interpersonal skills. The workshop laid the foundation for future faculty training programs guiding the use of VR, prompting a dialog regarding plans for future workshops across a pan-university context.

УТРАТА СВОЕЙ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СУЩНОСТИ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ АСПИРАНТУРОЙ КАК ОДИН ИЗ ФАКТОРОВ, ОПРЕДЕЛЯЮЩИХ НЕГАТИВНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В ЧИСЛЕННОСТИ КАДРОВ ВЫСШЕЙ ШКОЛЫ

The issue of staffing the Russian higher education system in modern society is becoming increasingly relevant. Against the background of reforms and a reduction in the number of universities and their branches, there are trends in reducing the number of personnel in higher education organizations. In the conditions of the formation of an innovative economy, the need for highly qualified personnel with an innovative orientation increases many times. The work of postgraduate studies should be aimed at training such personnel, but, unfortunately, in the modern system of higher education there is no well-established system of motivation for mastering this stage of education, which in the future will negatively affect not only the innovative development of the country, but also the functioning of higher education organizations in general. In the course of the study, it was found that the total number of personnel in higher education organizations decreased in dynamics by 20.7%. Mainly, high reductions occurred in the category of teaching staff. Teachers and researchers who have dropped out of the system now for various reasons are unlikely to return to the education system in the long-term future, having mastered new niches for earning money. There are certainly many reasons for staff attrition, but among them there are aging personnel and low motivation of young people to work at a university after completing postgraduate studies. Graduate school, in turn, due to the formalization of the learning process, loses its social function as a forge of personnel for higher education.

International implementation standards autonomy of higher education institutions

The article analyzes the main international regulations aimed at implementing the autonomy of higher education institutions. It is noted that the planned creation of a single European higher education area and increase the prestige of the European higher education system in the world will be fully implemented. It is emphasized that the final result is planned to be achieved by solving the following tasks: adoption of the system of scientific degrees; organization of higher education in two cycles; establishment of a single system of credit units; increasing mobility, autonomy and ensuring academic freedom for students and teachers; development of European cooperation in the field of quality assurance of education; preservation of cultural and linguistic diversity, originality of national higher education systems and autonomy of higher education institutions. The main principles of functioning of universities are singled out, which include: university autonomy, which performs the function of understanding reality in order to spread culture through teaching and research; university independence from economic, political and ideological power; a significant link between research and teaching; achieving compliance with the needs of society and the economy; freedom of research, teaching, learning; fulfillment of the mission subject to compliance with the requirements of mutual will: universities and authorities; rejection of intolerance and at the same time maintaining dialogue, the formation of universities as a meeting place for teachers who are able to transfer their knowledge, as well as students who are motivated to learn them; preservation and transmission of the values of European humanism; realization of the main tasks in the context of achieving general knowledge beyond geographical and political borders, mutual knowledge and interaction of cultures.

Research of humanization transformations of the higher education system of Ukraine at the end of the 20th - early 21st centuries (1985-2012)

The article analyzes the theoretical and practical foundations of humanization and humanization of domestic higher education in the late twentieth - early twenty-first century. Based on a comprehensive historical and pedagogical analysis, the research identifies and characterizes the essence of humanization transformations of higher education in Ukraine. The research hypothesis is based on the thesis that special value-oriented pedagogical conditions in the process of professional training are a prerequisite for the acquisition of values and sense experience of future specialists in foreign philology, which creates important prerequisites for the formation of axiological competencies. The proposed study is aimed at determining the level of formation of values and sense experience among future specialists in foreign philology at the initial and final stages of the experiment. The paper analyzes the key concepts, the essence of humanization and humanitarianization and its established features. The main periods are singled out: the first (1985-1990) - directive humanization and humanitarianization of higher education in Ukraine; the second (1990-1995) - humanization and humanitarianization in the process of higher education reform; the third (1995-2004) - normative-legal institutionalization of the process of humanization and humanitarianization of higher education; fourth (2005-2012) - international integration of higher education in Ukraine in the process of humanization and humanitarianization with their inherent trends. The article has comprehensively researched tendencies, ways, innovative technologies of humanization and humanitarianization of higher education of Ukraine, the possibilities of the improvement taking into account the European educational standards, accumulated positive experience, national traditions and modern tendencies in the organization of higher education in the conditions of Ukraine’s integration into the European educational space. The course of scientific research has proved that the axiological approach to humanization and humanitarianization of the process of training future specialists in higher education is to focus the learning process on personal growth of the student, ensuring his/her comprehensive, cultural, socio-moral and professional development. The teaching of professional and methodological disciplines does not act as a transfer of information, but as activation and stimulation of the process of independent search for one’s own value position in relation to the world, formation of worldview, development of youth perception, ensuring students’ understanding of human values and harmony of human relations. The results of the study have confirmed the effectiveness of the author’s approach to the formation of the humanistic orientation of future professionals in the higher education system of Ukraine during the study period. The research on the humanization and humanitarianization of higher education in Ukraine in the late twentieth - early twenty-first centuries made it possible to involve in scientific circulation a wide range of materials that are representative in nature and reproduce certain aspects of the studied problem, and therefore need to be generalized. Various principles, methods and techniques of modern methodology used in the process of the research have allowed avoiding subjective and biased assessments, ensuring the scientific validity of the results obtained during the research, confirming a sufficiently representative character of the identified sources.

Uma moeda, duas faces: Representações sociais da liberdade de cátedra no ensino superior do Brasil

Neste artigo, analisamos como professores(as) universitários representam socialmente a Liberdade de Cátedra na atividade docente. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, realizamos vinte entrevistas com professores(as) de cursos de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas na educação superior pública e privada no Brasil, respectivamente com nomes fictícios de UNIPUB e CENU. Tomamos como base de análise a Teoria das Representações Sociais e as quatro dimensões da Liberdade de Cátedra, a saber: ensinar, aprender, pesquisar e divulgar. Nossos achados demonstram pontos de convergência e divergência entre as duas instituições. Ambas centram a liberdade no professor, mas divergem quanto à presença de outros indivíduos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem e, portanto, na representação da Liberdade de Cátedra. Ademais, dimensões como pesquisar e divulgar demonstraram diferenças acentuadas, enquanto na CENU a pesquisa é uma atividade voltada para a composição da aula e a divulgação é uma atividade distante, na UNIPUB há caráter científico e crítico. Em linhas gerais, a liberdade é representada e guiada por diretrizes passíveis de gerar conflitos na CENU, enquanto na UNIPUB, há uma livre atuação que, por vezes, é utilizada de forma inadequada.

Scrum Adoption Challenges in Higher Education in Indonesia: Case Study of Board of Information System, Universitas Islam Indonesia

The level of success in project development information systems or software in many countries is still low. A study of 110 information system projects in Indonesia found that most information system projects are problematics, and 18% were canceled. Even though it has been around for a while, Scrum as an approach is relatively new in Indonesia’s software development. Many efforts to adopt agile in various organizations are not running well. This research aims to identify the challenges in agile adoption in a higher education organization in Indonesia using the Scrum Adoption Challenges Detection Model (SACDM) theory. The study found that even though Scrum is performing well, there are still some works needed. Especially in improving the experiences and transforming the organizational culture and structure to make the scrum adoption more effective.

Promoting entrepreneurial intentions for academic scientists: combining the social cognition theory and theory of planned behaviour in broadly-defined academic entrepreneurship

PurposeDrawing on the social cognition theory, the purpose of this research is to explore how selected individual and organizational determinants, namely individual academic output (AO) and previous commercialization experience, organizational scientific reputation and entrepreneurial support policies (ESPs) influence their broadly-defined academic entrepreneurial intentions, involving spin-off intention (SOI), patenting and licensing intention (PLI), contract research and consulting intention (CCI) through theory of planned behaviour (TPB) modelling.Design/methodology/approachThe current research constructs the framework by combining reciprocal determinism in the social cognition theory with TPB. To testify the hypotheses, partial least squares structural equational modelling (PLS–SEM) technique with 272 observations from Chinese universities was utilized.FindingsThe findings show that academic-related determinants, namely individual AO and organizational reputation (OR), are more likely to influence academic scientists' SOI through TPB modelling, while entrepreneurial-related determinants in terms of individual previous commercialization experience (PCE) and ESPs in higher education organizations are more influential for promoting behavioural intention to all kinds of academic entrepreneurship activities through TPB modelling. The more formal academic entrepreneurship involvement (engaging in creating spin-offs) is better explained through TPB modelling, especially the continuous mediating effects of subjective norms and entrepreneurial attitude and perceived behavioural control are more effective on spin-off activities. In addition, subjective norms are more influential in mediating relationships between individual or organizational antecedents and academic entrepreneurial intentions in the Chinese context.Originality/valueCombining the social cognition theory and TPB, this study first investigated how individual intentions to engage in broadly-defined academic entrepreneurial activities are promoted through TPB modelling. The results, relating to the divergence of different determinants shaping different academic entrepreneurial intentions through various paths in TPB modelling, will provide insight into university managers and policymakers to improve academic entrepreneurship engagement in the Chinese context.

Formalising organisational responsibility for refugees in German higher education: the case of first contact positions

ABSTRACT This article addresses the formalisation of support structures for refugee students at German higher education organisations. After the refugee influx in 2015 and 2016, early support for refugees was characterised by often voluntary, informal, spontaneous activities by pioneers. Subsequently, the situation changed as higher education organisations adjusted to the new challenge and restructured their way of dealing with study-interested refugees. Based on 18 interviews with heads of international offices and with the holders of so-called first contact positions for refugees at eight German higher education organisations, we investigate – drawing on organisation sociology – these organisational responses to (prospective) refugee students. In a second step, we focus on the first contact positions as the smallest organisational units in this field of action and describe their tasks, their placement in the hierarchy, and the procedures for staffing. Our analysis shows that in response to the growing number of refugee applicants and the availability of external funding, support structures for refugees were formalised by creating and/or expanding existing organisational structures, including the establishment of first contacts as specific boundary positions and of new internal and external communication channels.

Professional objectives of higher education: Imbalances and adaptation

This article analyzes the systemic issues of personnel education in higher education, reveals their causes and consequences. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of university graduates are one of the conditions for the state economic development. The goals and objectives of higher education should meet the needs of the state, industries, regions, and business. The lack of strong signals from consumers of educational services creates an imbalance between the higher education system and the market requirements and results in the conservatism of higher education. In this context, the purpose of this article is to develop a conceptual model for assessing the contribution of higher education to the national economy as one of the drivers of its transformation. The need to optimize the professional structure of education, with reference to the potential and prospects of the national economy, is emphasized. Research methods involve analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, system and logical methods. The study result is a model that takes into account a number of indicators of employer satisfaction in university graduates, as well as indicators of regional and industrial security of specific professionals with higher education. An effective motivation for employers to take a more active part in the organization of higher education is the system of educational loans. The state’s management of the credit sphere creates opportunities for consumers of educational services to direct financial flows primarily to education in priority specialties. The effectiveness of this tool requires ensuring its accessibility to employers and differentiating interest rates.

Лікар-просвітянин Кость Солуха

The article tells about the activity of the well-known public and educational figure Kostya Solukha in the field of health care of Podillya and the organization of higher education in Podillya.

Направленность воспитания социально-профессио- нальной ответственности будущих инженеров на сохранение устойчивости развития мира

The dialectical understanding of the world allows us to fix the aggravation of contradictions in the modern world. One side of them is due to the human higher needs (cognitive need, the need for self-realization, the need for social recognition) and creative engineering activities. Another shows the threat of losing control over the negative consequences of human intervention into the natural processes of the development of the world. To challenge the contradiction is possible by increasing social and professional responsibility of engineers for their activities and their consequences. The purpose of the article is to study the phenomenon of social and professional responsibility of engineers, to define it and model the development of the corresponding quality in future engineers. The study was carried out in the context of the idea of ensuring the security of the world and preserving the sustainability of its development, which led to the choice of a set of methodological approaches to its implementation: acmeological, axiological, and praxeological ones. Within the framework of this methodology, the features of the professional activity of an engineer in the modern digital world have been identified; the content of the concept of social and professional responsibility of an engineer in the digital world is determined, its definition is given; a model of social and professional responsibility of an engineer in the digital world has been developed. The specific features of the system of this quality development in future engineers during their training in master's degree were characterized; a sequence of schematic models of the upbringing of a responsible engineer has been developed, which can become an indicative basis of the upbringing process in the organization of higher education.

A survey of cloud security challenges in higher educational institutions

Cloud computing provides a broad variety of advantages for higher education institutions, including new possibilities to integrate into the teaching process. Cloud services, on the other hand, are susceptible to a range of security threats. The supply of a safe cloud infrastructure is one of the major difficulties that educational institutions confront when embracing cloud computing technology. The authors of this article examine certain cloud advantages in the education sector, as well as the limits of common cloud services and the security issues that institutions confront when using cloud technology. The survey was performed at a range of educational institutions to learn about stakeholders' perspectives on cloud security vulnerabilities and solutions. Finally, this paper offers general guidelines for avoiding security concerns while using cloud computing in higher education organizations.

How to teach students to independent, creative thinking through practical activities

This article is about ways of teaching students to self - study, creative thinking through organizing practical lesson with innovative technologies at higher educational organization. This article describes the problem of increasing the self - activate of the assimilation of knowledge independent thinking by organizing self - education in higher educational institutions.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ В СФЕРЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

The article considers the need to digitalize the sphere of education, the basis for the use of digital tools, its role and the advantages of using in the organization of the educational process in modern conditions of global digitalization. The necessity of mastering digital competencies by both teach-ers and trainees according to the corresponding training program is considered. The dynamics of the provision of e-learning facilities for students in higher education organizations, the dynamics of gradua-tion in the areas of training «Informatics and Computing», «Information Security» in 2017–2019 were analyzed.

Supporting students in higher education in transforming their thesis into a scientific article

According to our experience from education in health and welfare, there are increased expectations in academia for students to publish their work as scientific international articles. Reasons and motivation for transforming the thesis to a scientific article vary; however, it is essential to understand that the work includes substantial revision to meet the requirements of a scientific article. We have long experience of teaching in higher education and have supported students from various educational programs in health and welfare to publish their theses as articles in scientific journals. This demands time, engagement and competence from both supervisors and students, demands that to our knowledge rarely are acknowledged in higher education organisations. A coherent guide on how to support students aiming for publication would have been helpful, and this article is anchored in our experiences and reflections on this matter. This article highlights eight preparatory reflective questions and presents a guide for supervisors in supporting actions for the transformation of a thesis to an article.

Отечественное кинообразование: проблемы и перспективы

The subject of the study is education in the field of culture and art, its purpose is to assess public policy in the field of art education. The article analyzes the reasons for the appearance in the film industry of specialists with a low level of training. The study was based on the regulatory legal acts of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, data from Federal State Statistics Service, portals of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia: ‘Monitoring the employment of graduates’ and ‘How to enter the UNIVERSITY correctly’. During the study, a hypothesis was formulated on the trend of an increase in the training of specialists in creative specialties in non-core educational organizations. The hypothesis was tested on the basis of a regressive analysis of the distribution of admission quotas to higher education organizations, regardless of their departmental affiliation, and the construction of a linear regression. The article applies methods based on the establishment of an internal relationship of phenomena, their mathematical description. According to the analysis, the assessment of the quality of education in the field of culture and art should be determined not only by conducting online exams and testing graduates, and by questioning employers about the quality of their professional training. The author suggests measures aimed at changing the existing methodology for distributing admission quotas for creative specialties to educational organizations of higher education of the Ministry of Culture of Russia and other universities for which creative specialties are not specialized, and tightening requirements for material, technical and personnel support of a full-fledged educational process.