Government Organizations Research Articles

Economic and social impacts of armed conflicts: Assessing the effects of military operations on development

The paper highlights the impact of military conflicts on society's socio-economic development. A review of scientific publications on the subject is carried out. The impact of the Russia-Ukraine military conflict on the socio-economic development of Ukraine is considered based on regression analysis. The main consequences of military operations in Ukraine are outlined. The approaches of the leading international organisations to accounting and auditing the consequences of conflicts and wars are determined. Examples are given, and the main aspects of accounting for losses caused by military conflict in different countries are compared. The study aims to comprehensively analyse and assess the impact of military conflicts on economic development and social aspects of society. Regression analysis methods were used to determine the relationship between military conflicts and economic indicators such as GDP, inflation, unemployment, public debt, defence spending, scientific data analysis, synthesis and comparison, and geospatial and comparative analysis, which helped to assess the direct and indirect effects of conflicts on economic development and the social sphere in Ukraine. The article analyses the social consequences of the military conflict in Ukraine in 2014–2024. An empirical analysis of economic losses from military conflicts is carried out. The need for an integrated approach to assessing and overcoming the consequences of wars and conflicts and coordination between government organisations, local communities and international partners to achieve sustainable development and restore the country's socio-economic situation is established.

Involving citizens in monitoring the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework

AbstractThe Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) and its monitoring framework aims to reverse the decline of nature. The GBF tasks governments to report progress towards 23 targets and four goals but also “invites Parties and relevant organizations to support community-based monitoring and information systems and citizen science” to improve information for decision-making and build support for conservation efforts throughout society. We assessed how Indigenous Peoples, local communities and citizen scientists and professional scientists can help monitor the GBF. Of the 365 indicators of the GBF monitoring framework, 110 (30%) can involve Indigenous Peoples, local communities and citizen scientists in community-based monitoring programmes, 185 (51%) could benefit from citizen involvement in data collection and 180 (49%) require scientists and governmental statistical organizations. A smaller proportion of indicators for GBF targets are amenable to citizen monitoring than for the previous Aichi targets or other multilateral environment agreements—largely because 196 GBF indicators are analytically complex (54%) and 175 require legislative overview (48%). Greater involvement of citizens in the GBF would increase societal engagement in international agreements, harness knowledge from those living close to nature to fill data gaps and enhance local to national decision-making based on improved information, leading to better conservation actions.

The Enactment of Sustainable Development Goals at a Local Scale Leads to Various Implications

The hallmark of global sustainable development efforts is the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) initiative, so the SDGs were proposed after this. Early initiatives highlighted the need for a more comprehensive and globally applicable set of goals, thus laying the groundwork for the SDGs. Among them are sustainability, ecological environment protection and so on. This article explores the local implementation and impact of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The main questions are how to effectively implement SDGs policies in different social cultures, and the role of local government and community organizations is carefully analyzed. These are also areas where SDGs can be effectively promoted at the local level through muti-stakeholder collaboration, inclusive policies and innovative approaches. And there are three field examples to prove its effectiveness. For example, sustainable transport and energy management in Barcelona, participatory planning in Kerala and community conservation in Kenya. The significance of the study highlights the key role of local action in achieving the global Sustainable Development Goals, and provides concrete cases for analysis.

The Participation of Street Food Sellers in Formulating the Policy of Revitalizing the Tegal’s Town Square Area as the Effort to Improve the Opened Green Zone

This research determined the participation of street food sellers in formulating and issuing the policy and determined the hindering factors of revitalization policy in the town square area of Tegal as the effort to improve the opened green zone. This descriptive qualitative research describes a variable in the form of spoken data from the informants and the observed behaviors of the informants. The researchers collected the data by interviewing the civil service police officers, the public work service and spatial planning, the cooperation of SME and trading, the housing and residential department, and the association of street food sellers; documenting; and studying the works of literature. The results found many regional government organizations participated in the formulation of revitalization policy. Then, they took the responsibility directly to the major of Tegal as the policy- maker of revitalizing the town square area of Tegal. The revitalization ran successfully. The government socialized the policy systematically and involved various actors including the street food sellers. However, from the eight socialization stage meetings for the street food sellers, only three socialization stages involved and coordinated with the street food sellers. The three meetings shared the divisions and relocation sites of the sellers, instruction, and empowerment. The revitalization of the green town square area also encountered some hindrances, such as limited socialization, lack of street seller confidence, and less representative relocated sites.

ASSESSING YOUTH INVOLVEMENT IN AGRICULTURE IN YOLA-NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ADAMAWA STATE

The study examined youth involvement in agriculture in Yola-North Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Data were collected from 230 farmers using a well-structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that the most (52.61%) of respondents were male, with an average age of 21 years. Most respondents (55.22%) were single with an average household size of 4 persons. Educationally, 2.61% had primary education, 7.39% had secondary education, 52.61% had diploma, and 37.39% had HND/Degree, indicating that all the respondents were educated. Additionally, most respondents earned between N40,000 and N200,000 annually. Factors influencing youth participation in agriculture revealed that age and sex were positive and significant at 1% level (P<0.01), while educational level was negative but significant at 10% level (P<0.1). Constraints identified included lack of government assistance, insufficient capital, poor road access, inadequate feed supply, poor extension services, and poor marketing prices. Sex (male) and age were positively associated with youth participation in agriculture, whereas the lack of government support was a significant barrier preventing youth from engaging in agricultural activities. The study recommends that inputs such as agrochemicals and credit should be made available on time and at subsidized rates by both governmental and non-governmental organizations to make agriculture more appealing to youths. Furthermore, the government or relevant institutions should strictly monitor and supervise any development or empowerment initiatives to prevent mismanagement by involved dignitaries.

The Impact of Administrative Decisions on Commercial Freedom in Saudi Arabia: A Legal Study

This legal study examines the impact of administrative decisions on commercial freedom in Saudi Arabia, exploring the intricate relationship between regulatory frameworks and business operations. The research analyzes the historical context of commercial freedom in the kingdom, tracing its evolution from traditional practices to the current legal landscape. It delves into the constitutional provisions and relevant legislation that shape administrative decision-making processes affecting commercial activities. Through case studies, the study illustrates practical implications of administrative decisions on various aspects of business operations, including visa regulations, residence permits, zoning laws, and regulatory compliance. The research identifies key challenges to commercial freedom, such as regulatory barriers and administrative obstacles, while also highlighting opportunities for enhancement, including improved transparency and modernized regulations. The study emphasizes the crucial roles of key stakeholders - government, private enterprises, and civil society organizations - in shaping commercial freedom. It proposes recommendations for reform, focusing on legislative changes, institutional improvements, and fostering an entrepreneurial culture. While acknowledging Saudi Arabia's progress in developing its commercial legislation and regulatory system, the research identifies areas for improvement. It concludes that the kingdom's efforts to balance regulatory oversight with business needs, coupled with its economic diversification goals, suggest a positive trajectory for commercial freedom. However, success depends on continued reform, stakeholder engagement, and adaptation to global economic trends while respecting local cultural and religious values. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, business leaders, and researchers interested in understanding and enhancing commercial freedom in Saudi Arabia.

Bridging the gap: financing health promotion and disease prevention in Indonesia

BackgroundSpending on preventive care in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Indonesia, is much lower than spending on curative care. There has been a pressing need to develop a clear pathway to increase spending on preventive care. This study aimed to assess the current financing landscape for health promotion and disease prevention in Indonesia and, subsequently, to develop a framework and recommendations for future health promotion financing in the country.MethodsWe adopted a mixed-method approach to gather information from all relevant stakeholders from December 2022 to June 2023. For the qualitative approach, we conducted (a) in-depth interviews (IDIs) and (b) focus group discussions (FGDs) with government officials at national and district levels, academics, professional organizations, healthcare workers in primary healthcare centres (PHCs), community health volunteers, non governmental organizations and private companies. For the quantitative approach, we applied a national online survey to healthcare workers involved in health promotion in PHCs. IDIs and FGDs were conducted with purposefully selected resource persons at the national level, five selected districts across Indonesia, and within 15 primary health offices and their communities. All qualitative data were recorded, transcribed, coded, interpreted, and then triangulated with national survey findings to develop the financing framework.ResultsWe identified gaps between the theory and practice of health promotion and disease prevention. These included the limited scope of health promotion initiatives, lack of direction and coordination between ministries, agencies and government levels, limited availability and capacity of health promoters, various yet uncoordinated funding resources and inflexibility in using the funds. To bridge the gap, the framework we developed suggests strengthening the legal and regulatory basis, strategically prioritizing financing arrangements, promoting evidence-based health promotion activities, developing the capacity of health promoters, enhancing the health financing information system and improving monitoring and evaluation.ConclusionsIdentified gaps and challenges in health promotion and disease prevention initiatives inform the development of our framework for future health promotion financing. This framework assists the national government in organizing national health promotion financing strategies and potentially serves as a valuable model for other LMICs.

Impact of leadership skills on the success of large and medium construction projects management in Yemen

Large and medium construction projects in Yemen often face budget and timeline overruns. While technical aspects are heavily focused on, the importance of leadership skills in project teams is often overlooked. This study aims to identify the impact of leadership skills on the success of these projects. A questionnaire was distributed to engineers working in both governmental and non-governmental institutions and organizations, with projects costing above $100,000. Out of the 385 questionnaires distributed, 340 responses were collected, and 246 valid responses were used for analysis. The findings indicate a strong correlation between leadership skills and project success, highlighting the significant role of effective leadership in guiding construction projects. Specific skills such as team management, problem-solving, prioritization, planning, decision making, conflict management, communication, and fostering team spirit are crucial in Yemen’s construction sector. Recommendations include the development of leadership skills programs, emphasis on collaborative team management, integration of experiential learning in education, continuous professional development, and research initiatives. These insights aim to enhance the resilience and success of construction projects in Yemen and provide valuable guidance to project managers, policymakers, and stakeholders in the sector.

Distribution of Sheep Fattening Practices and Marketing Systems in the Sagnarigu Municipality in Northern Ghana

The study was conducted in the Sagnarigu Municipality in Northern Ghana to assess sheep fattening practices and marketing systems. Eighty respondents were selected and questionnaires administrated to them. Data was summarized and analysed using SPSS version 20. Majority of the fatteners were within the ages 21-30 years. Sheep fatteners were not equally distributed across the different age groups. Most of the farmers had at least primary education while majority (30.0%) of them had tertiary education. The sheep fattening enterprise in the area was male and Muslim dominant activity. Majority of respondents were engaged in specialized skill work as their main occupation with self-financing as the main source of income for the sheep fattening business. Majority had at most 5 years fattening experience. Semi-intensive system of management was mainly practiced. Farmers use wide range of feed stuff alternatively and supplied from multiple sources. Mature animals (≥ 6 months) sourced from farmers’ own flock were mostly used in fattening. Generating cash was the primary motivation for fattening sheep, with a convenient market for the fattened sheep. Customers of fattened sheep were mainly butchers. mostly at local markets (50%). Price determination for the fattened sheep was bargaining. The major constraints of sheep fatteners were diseases and mortality and lack of capital/financial. It was concluded that sheep fattening practices and marketing system was a business in the Sagnarigu municipality, nevertheless, it was not well organized and developed. To create a lucrative sheep fattening industry, government and non-governmental organizations should promote sheep fattening by providing financial and training support for the fatteners and the teaming youth in Ghana to venture into the business. This could contribute to enhancing livelihood of rural resource poor farmers, unemployment and poverty reduction as well as women empowerment in the country.

Role of Social Media Platforms in Dissemination of Knowledge, Ideas, and Innovation among Employees within Governmental Organizations- A Sociological Study in Southern Punjab

This study aims to assess how social media platforms contribute to the information, ideas, and innovations that are shared among employees of government organizations. The following will be the research's main purposes; (A) To evaluate the degree to which social media platforms increases knowledge and ideas between employees in organizations (B) To access how social media platforms encourage ideas generation procedure between employees within organizations. (C) To scrutinize how social media platforms encourage innovation procedure between employees within organizations. 210 employees in total will be chosen as sample from various South Punjab government organizations. At the first stage, three divisions of South Punjab will be chosen purposefully. At the second stage, two districts will be selected from each division. In the third stage, five government organizations will be selected using a simple random sample method. At the fourth stage, seven (7) employees will be chosen from each district's government departments, to complete a total of two hundred and ten employees’ sample, so that the conclusion derived from the sample may be general to the full population. Data will be collected using a digital survey questionnaire (created and distributed using Google Forms). After gathering the data, the investigator will utilize the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software to perform various statistical analyses. The data demonstrates that 52.9% of government office personnel utilized social media to a great extent and 47.1% who used it to some extent. According to collected data it was determined that 61.0% of the respondents used social media. primarily for learning purposes. The bi-variate investigation hypothesis outcomes demonstrates that there is helpful connection among the utilization of social media platforms by employees and openness and Flexibility during interactions. There is a helpful association among official communication and information sharing and employees are motivated and connected. There is the positive Association between social media sites help to overcome communication obstacles and organization work together and share knowledge. Results show that there is a positive correlation between time spent on social media and employees are allowed to express their innovative ideas. Results show that there is a positive link among the use of social media for sharing updates and announcements and employees engage in work-related conversations and discussions. Results show that there is an optimistic link among time spend on social media and opportunities to employees for sharing ideas and expertise.

Regulatory and legal regulation of the process of formation of administrative authorities and management in Subcarpathian Rus (Transcarpathia) in 1919–1926

It is indicated that the proper functioning of local executive power, the creation of an optimal system of local executive power bodies should ensure effective influence on the development of each region, especially the cross-border region. It is generally accepted that local bodies of executive power implement the functions of the state, which are close to the population. In Ukraine, a new people-centered model of activity of public administration subjects is being formed. The article examines the process of formation of administrative authorities and management in Subcarpathian Rus (Transcarpathia) during the first half of the 20s of the 20th century. It was established that the process of forming the structure of state administration in Subcarpathia began already at the beginning of 1919, and in the summer of the same year, several projects of the organization of government in the region were already developed in Prague. On the basis of the General Statute, the model of relations within the local government between the Directory, the administrator and the military leadership during 1919-1920 was analyzed. The formation of abstract departments at the Civil Administration, which was headed by an administrator, is briefly described. The importance of the changes introduced by the government decree No. 356/1920 «On amending the General Statute of Subcarpathian Rus» was revealed, according to which the functions and powers were radically redistributed in favor of the bodies that represented the central government in the region. The theory of the creation of two branches of administrative management in relation to the competence of the Civil Administration of Subcarpathian Rus is presented: autonomous institutions and institutions of the state. The description of the gubernatorial council as an advisory body under the governor is provided. It was noted that the new General Statute, in terms of the norms governing the activities of the vice-governor and the gubernatorial council, went beyond the Constitution of the Czechoslovak Republic. It is proved that the administrative reorganization in Czechoslovakia in 1925 and especially in 1927 only distanced Subcarpathian Rus from real autonomy, since the process of further centralization and unification of power and administration took place throughout the territory of the republic. Appropriate conclusions have been drawn regarding the retention and gradual incorporation (integration) of the region into the all-Czechoslovak legal system.

The Analysis of Stunting Implementation Policy in Tegal Regency

Tegal is a regency with the highest stunting prevalence in toddlers in Central Java with a percentage of 22.3% in 2022. Currently, the regency has become the prioritized locus of stunting intervention in Indonesia. Tegal regency government issued the Regent Rule of Tegal Number 4 in the Year 2023 about the Communication Strategy of Behavioral Changes in Lowering Stunting Prevalence in 2023 - 2026 as the prevention and effort of decreasing the stunting rate. This research revealed the implementation of stunting prevention policy in Tegal by applying the exploratory implementation model of George Edward III, Marilee S. Grindle, and Mazmanian & Sabatier based on the triangular perspective of policy analysis. This descriptive qualitative research describes a variable orally from the respondents and the doers by observing them. The researchers collected the data by interviewing, documenting, and promoting the literature study. The researchers also interviewed the Health Agency of Tegal and Public Health Care of Kedungbanteng district. The results showed that the applied policy met the regulation in terms of local government and local apparatus organization, OPD, with collaboration and effort to realize inter-sectoral cooperation from regency to village levels. The concrete step in preventing stunting includes the provision of nutritionist teams at Kedungbanteg Public Health Care and the establishment of a police center to prevent stunting prevalence. The results were - gaining the top 99 awards of Public Service Innovation in 2023 by the Ministry of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform. However, the researchers found hindrances in distributing stunting prevention at most pubic health care units in Tegal. They had not applied the concrete steps and had to improve the human resources by joining training for the cadres so they could use the measuring tool of stunting for toddlers.

Trustworthy AI for semiconductor manufacturing

Trustworthy AI for semiconductor manufacturing Marcel van Gerven, a Professor of Artificial Cognitive Systems at Radboud University, discusses how his team’s research on AI models, algorithms, and demonstrators could serve as a blueprint for the semiconductor manufacturing industry. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a key enabling technology that, when used responsibly, can bring about significant positive societal impact. One of the initiatives to foster this positive impact is the Dutch ROBUST ‘Trustworthy AI-based Systems for Sustainable Growth’ program. This ten-year Long Term Program (LTP) is a human- centered research program in AI that brings together knowledge institutes, industry, governmental organizations, and societal partners to develop AI-based methods and tools designed to create social impact and promote sustainable growth (Figure 1).

Translating restrictive law into practice: An ethnographic exploration of the systemic processing of legally restricted health care access for asylum seekers in Germany

BackgroundAccess to health services for asylum seekers is legally restricted in Germany. The law is subject to interpretation, therefore the chance of receiving care is not equally distributed among asylum seekers. What services are provided to whom is ultimately decided by health professionals and government employees. The respective prioritization processes and criteria are not transparent. We sought to understand how legal restrictions are translated into daily practices and how this affects the health system. We aimed to outline the complex process of cost coverage for health services for asylum seekers and provide insights into common decision-making criteria.MethodsWe conducted an ethnographic exploration of routines in two outpatient clinics in two federal states over the course of three months, doing participant and non-participant observation. Additionally, we interviewed 21 professionals of health care and government organizations, and documented 110 applications for cost coverage of medical services and their outcome. In addition to qualitative data analysis and documentation, we apply a system-theoretical perspective to our findings.ResultsTo perform legal restrictions a cross-sectoral prioritization process of medical services has been implemented, involving health care and government institutions. This changes professional practices, responsibilities and (power) relations. Involved actors find themselves at the intersection of several, oftentimes conflicting priorities, since “doing it right” might be seen differently from a legal, medical, economic, or political perspective. The system-theoretical analysis reveals that while actors have to bring different rationales into workable arrangements this part of the medical system transforms, giving rise to a sub-system that incorporates migration political rationales.ConclusionsHealth care restrictions for asylum seekers are implemented through an organizational linking of care provision and government administration, resulting in a bureaucratization of practice. Power structures at this intersection of health and migration policy, that are uncommon in other parts of the health system are thereby normalized. Outpatient clinics provide low-threshold access to health services, but paradoxically they may unintentionally stabilize health inequities, if prioritization criteria and power dynamics are not made transparent. Health professionals should openly reflect on conflicting rationales. Training, research and professional associations need to empower them to stay true to professional ethical principles and international conventions.

Intergenerational Language Transmission of Frisian and Low Saxon in the Netherlands

An important mechanism for language maintenance is transmission from parents to their children. This mechanism is stronger for the regional language Frisian than it is for Low Saxon in the northern Netherlands. In this study, we assessed many variables potentially associated with parental language transmission for these regional languages. We analyzed questionnaire responses from around 25,000 Frisian and Low Saxon speakers participating in the Lifelines cohort study. Transmission was strongly associated with whether their children's other parent speaks the same language, and with the frequency of language use in different social contexts. Other important factors included language attitudes and the degree of urbanization of the respondent's neighborhood. Taken together, these findings suggest that language maintenance for Frisian and Low Saxon could potentially be bolstered by adequately stimulating positive language attitudes and the use of the language in different social contexts by both the government and smaller societal organizations.

Assessing the Survey Dataset on Employment Status of Students before Graduates in Malaysian Public Higher Learning Institutions in Selangor

Employment status of student in Malaysian Public Higher Learning Institution play significant role in identified the marketability of university student in the industry. However, there are also a group of university students who began their employment before graduating from university. The increase of tuition fee charge, insufficient financial support, experience, and networking are the factor contributed towards the employment of student before graduation in Malaysian Public Higher Learning Institution, particularly in Selangor. Therefore, the purpose of this study to examine the employment status of student before graduates in various sector at Malaysian Public Higher Learning Institution in Selangor. The quantitative research approach has been adopted in exploring the topic of this study by using the survey dataset approaches. Almost 2,489 university students have participated in this study. The findings show 593 university students actively have occupations during their study either undergraduate or postgraduate student. Through the findings, the university student has actively sought the job opportunities before graduation in university for their livelihood especially after the post-pandemic Covid19 who affected all group of community particularly in Malaysia. The finding of this study will contribute to the government and private organizations to strategizing the action plan by providing the flexible time for the working student in adapting their study and career.

Reconstructing AI Ethics Principles: Rawlsian Ethics of Artificial Intelligence

The popularisation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies has sparked discussion about their ethical implications. This development has forced governmental organisations, NGOs, and private companies to react and draft ethics guidelines for future development of ethical AI systems. Whereas many ethics guidelines address values familiar to ethicists, they seem to lack in ethical justifications. Furthermore, most tend to neglect the impact of AI on democracy, governance, and public deliberation. Existing research suggest, however, that AI can threaten key elements of western democracies that are ethically relevant. In this paper, Rawls’s theory of justice is applied to draft a set of guidelines for organisations and policy-makers to guide AI development towards a more ethical direction. The goal is to contribute to the broadening of the discussion on AI ethics by exploring the possibility of constructing AI ethics guidelines that are philosophically justified and take a broader perspective of societal justice. The paper discusses how Rawls’s theory of justice as fairness and its key concepts relate to the ongoing developments in AI ethics and gives a proposition of how principles that offer a foundation for operationalising AI ethics in practice could look like if aligned with Rawls’s theory of justice as fairness.

Barriers and enablers to salt intake reduction in Australian adults with high blood pressure.

High dietary salt intake is a known risk factor for hypertension. However, Australians continue to consume excessive amounts of salt. The purpose of this study was to identify barriers, enablers and strategies to reduce salt in a sample of Australian adults with hypertension. This was a qualitative study. Participants were asked a set of open-ended questions during focus groups conducted between October 2020 and April 2021. Sessions were recorded and transcribed. Using an inductive approach, the transcript data from the focus groups were thematically analysed. This involved checking accuracy, becoming familiar with the data, coding responses based on questions, identifying themes through common patterns and validating themes by grouping similar questions that represented the data and study aim effectively. Thirty-one adults (55 % females) with high blood pressure participated in the focus group discussions. Participants demonstrated good knowledge of high blood pressure risk factors but lacked an understanding of recommended salt intake levels and sources of hidden salt. Challenges in reducing salt intake included the limited availability of low-salt commercial foods. Participants suggested improved food labelling and the use of technology-based interventions to promote healthier choices. Findings highlight the need for behavioural interventions, policy reforms and collaborations between the government, food industries and health organisations to address high salt intake in the population.

Analysis of the Implementation of the Merit System in the Mataram City Government from a Gender Perspective

Human resources (apparatus) are the basis of the bureaucratic reform movement. Human resources are one aspect of achieving the goals of government organizations, namely providing optimal public services. Therefore, it is necessary to implement a merit system to obtain human resources, in this case specifically the best State Civil Apparatus (ASN) who do not consider male or female gender, including in the process of filling pratama high leadership positions (JPT) in scope of the Mataram City Government. This research aims to describe the implementation of the merit system in the Mataram City government from a gender aspect. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods consisting of in-depth interviews and document review. Data analysis uses qualitative data analysis techniques. The validity of the data was tested using triangulation techniques. Research provides an illustration that the Mataram City government has basically implemented a merit system in ASN management. When filling out the JPT, preparation, implementation and evaluation stages have been carried out in accordance with the provisions. Basically, the number of female ASNs in the city of Mataram is more than male. Likewise, the educational level of female ASN is better than that of men. However, if we look at it in terms of rank and class, the number of men is increasing, this will make the opportunity for men to occupy top positions in the bureaucracy greater. The Mataram city government consistently provides opportunities for women at the rate of 10 percent and hopes that in the future this will be further increased.

Feminist Perspective of Community Development Practices in Nepal

Feminist perspective of community development encompasses the gender sensitive development practices to ensure the equitable share of benefits and progress to all community members regardless of gender disparity. This research paper aims to examine the current status of gender inequality and the application of feminist principles into community development initiatives in Nepal as a pathway for achieving gender equality. This paper has prepared in a descriptive research design which is based on the secondary information collected from different scholarly published sources such as journal article, edited books, publication of government and other organization along with online database through official websites of respective organizations, Google scholar, NepJOL and so on. The findings reveal that incorporating feminist principles in community development practices can result in positive outcomes such as increased participation of women and leadership in decision-making processes and improved access to resources and services. It concludes that incorporating feminist principles into community development initiatives can play pivotal role in achieving gender equality, reduced gender-based violence and promoting inclusive and sustainable development in Nepal. Therefore, the study suggests that it is essential to implement targeted capacity-building programs to empower women with essential skills and knowledge, ensuring their active participation and leadership in community development initiatives to promote gender equality and inclusive progress in Nepal.