Organization Of Calculations Research Articles

Organization of Calculations and Work with Memory in the Educational Programming Language SYNHRO

The article is devoted to a number of decisions made in the project of the educational programming language Synchro, which is being developed at the Laboratory of Information Systems of the A.P. Ershov IIS SB RAS, designed to familiarize with the basic phenomena of the interaction of processes and control of calculations over shared memory. The focus is on the functional programming paradigm. The language is aimed at schoolchildren of primary and secondary grades, as well as junior students and non-professionals. During training, the experience of operating with toy robots moving on a checkered board is used. The article is of interest to everyone who is interested in the problems of modern computer science, programming and information technology, especially the problems of parallel computing on supercomputers and distributed systems, and in general the use of multiprocessor systems.

On the definition of the concept of “payment system” in the context of changes of the current legislation of Ukraine

Problem setting. Increasing the value of cashless payments and strengthening the role of heterogeneous payment systems in recent years, especially in the conditions of quarantine restrictions related to the coronavirus disease of COVID19, has become a clear and unconditional trend in the field of economic relations. Profound changes in the organization of calculations caused by the rapid development of information and telecommunication technologies, as well as the processes of globalization, lead to the need for new scientific research on the problems of legal regulation of payment systems, since, unfortunately, theoretical achievements in this area lose their relevance due to the high dynamics of the changing economic and socio-political conditions. Against this background, recent changes in the current legislation of Ukraine require their detailed analysis and awareness, and therefore the revision of certain fundamental views, including the definition of the concept of “payment system.” Analysis of resent researches and publications. The study of payment systems as an immanent component of the economic sphere has its own history and specifics. They were studied both from the position of economic theory, and became the subject of scientific searches of representatives of legal science. Some issues of essence, organization and functioning of modern payment systems have been the subject of scientific interest as domestic, and foreign economists, including Woodford M., Gerasimova S., Grytsenko A.A., Gross D., Demkivskyi A.V., Issing O., Koval I.M., Lukyanov V.S., Movchan O.A., Olifirenko M.M., Senyshchiv P.M. Their theoretical achievements are the foundation of understanding the peculiarities of legal regulation of heterogeneous calculation relations in modern economy. Lay the foundations for creating a holistic theory of settlement legal relations, and also contribute to the formation of the concept of payment law. Target of research is to update the issue of the essence and concept of the «payment system,» as well as to highlight the peculiarities of the transformation of the defining features of such an object of legal regulation in the conditions of systemic changes in the special legislation of Ukraine. Article’s main body. The article considers the problem of defining the concept of “payment system” in the conditions of radical change of the special legislation of Ukraine on the organization of settlement relations. It emphasizes the lack of a generally accepted scientific approach in the question of determining the concept and essence of the payment system, emphasizes the presence of a broad discussion on such a problem. Attention is drawn to the shift of emphasis in determining the essence of the payment system from the transfer of funds to the provision of payment services. The author’s definition of the payment system as a legal form of payment services provision is proposed. Conclusions and prospects for the development. There is a wide discussion in scientific circles about the definition of the “payment system” until now has not finally solved such a problem. Attempts to overcome disagreements in determining the essence of the concept of “payment system” in the general sense did not lead to the unification of existing scientific approaches. At the same time, such theoretical searches provided an opportunity to evaluate the phenomenon from the perspective of ideas about its essence, content and form.

Object-Attribute Approach for Semantic Analysis of Natural Language

he article describes the methodology of semantic analysis of natural language (NL) and semantic search in it, which includes: the general stages of analysis of NL, the format of the semantic network for presenting the meaning of the text, words polysemy analysis, semantic and syntactic agreement of words, etc. The method is based on the object-attribute principle of organization of calculations and data structures, belonging to the dataflow class.

Software for productivity calculation of polypropylene filtering element in dependence from its application

The object of research is the process of FVNM manufacturing. One of the most problematic places in the production of filter materials is the lack of recommendations for determining the structure of these elements, depending on the field of application. In the course of research, the main application areas of the elements, which are made of «foamed» polypropylene, were analyzed. As a result of the analysis it is revealed that the main functions that these elements perform are mainly drainage or filtering. A one-component model of suspension flow through a porous medium is considered, granulometric analysis of the purified liquid is carried out and the percentage state of the filtrate is obtained depending on the particle size. This result allows to see that the distribution of the filtrate as a function of time can be divided into groups: almost 30 % – 1–5 μm; almost 60 % – 10–50 μm. It is found that, depending on the field of application and the purpose of the filter element, it can have a different number of layers and a different structure of these layers. Using the results of granulometric analysis, it can be concluded that 70 % of the filter elements have a three-layer structure. The construction of a multilayer filter element by changing the air pressure on the equipment to form FVNM is experimentally proved. The technique for organization of calculations of the amount of filtering material of a certain structure is obtained depending on: – filtration process that involves determining the input data of a liquid or gas that will be filtered; – formulas for calculating the luminous efficiency of the filter and the filtration performance. This technique is practical in nature and can be applied in production. This technique has improved the interaction with customers by 40 %, due to a faster calculation of the required amount of filter material and the formation of the final cost of the order. Thanks to the obtained calculations, a prototype of a software tool has been developed that allows selecting the structure and dimensions of the filter element depending on the application and media. After the testing phase, this software will be used as one of the modules of the process automation system for production of polypropylene mechanical cartridges with subsequent introduction at the enterprises that manufacture filter elements.

Hybrid computer system programming technology with adaptation and scaling of calculations

The paper considers the programming technology for hybrid computer systems, which contain reconfigurable and microprocessor computational nodes. The base of the programming technology for hybrid computer systems is the high-level programming language COLAMO with extensions, which allow descriptions of various types of parallel calculations such as structural, structural-procedural, multi-procedural and procedural forms of organization of calculations in a unified parallel-pipeline form. The suggested parallel-pipeline form allows modifications of forms of organization of calculations. Such modifications are performed automatically by the COLAMO language preprocessor, which takes into account current configuration of the hybrid computer system. Owing to the suggested technology, the program can be automatically adapted to the changed architecture or configuration of the hybrid computer system without any modifications of the source code made by the developer. Specially for this the source parallel program, developed in the programming language COLAMO, is transformed by the pre-processor into the canonical form. Then the pre-processor estimates the available computational resource, detects effective parameters of implementation of the program on the available resource and, if necessary, reduces the program performance to adapt it to the current configuration of the hybrid computer system. The technology provides two-way scaling: for increasing of the available computational resource (induction), and for reducing of the available computational resource (reduction), which provides resource independence of programming during implementation of the program, i.e. the developer is not “bound” to the available hardware resource of the computer system.

Сушка электромагнитным излучением: численное решение задачи для прямоугольной области

On the basis of the system of equations Century A. Lykov developed a spatial two-dimensional mathematical model of electromagnetic drying. The model takes into account non-linear heat and mass transfer surface material with an air stream, and the presence of internal and surface sources of heat generated due to absorption of the energy of electromagnetic waves with different penetration depth. In the framework of the alternating direction method developed original numerical scheme for solution of initial-boundary value problem for the fields of temperature and moisture content in the area of a rectangular form. The results of approximate ratio between grid coordinates and time, which ensures the stability of the numerical procedure and can be taken as a starting at the organization of calculations. To illustrate the capabilities of the algorithm is studied edge effects due to the drying of the material with the characteristics of the clay. It is shown that in the field of an electromagnetic wave of constant intensity drying speed in the corner zones of the sample is much higher than the average in his section rate, which leads to an unacceptably low quality of drying. The results allow to optimize the functioning of technical devices that use the drying process of the electromagnetic waves.

Parallel organization of calculations in solving linear equations by projection-iteration methods

Parallel organization of calculations in solving linear equations by projection-iteration methods

Organization of calculations in solving large systems of linear algebraic equations by the method of reflection

In the numerical investigation of different scientific and practical problems it is often necessary to find the solution of systems of high order linear algebraic equations as an intermediate or final step. The solution of such systems on modern electronic computers is impossible without the utilization of second degree storage and requires a considerable expenditure of time. A means for accelerating the calculational process is to process the information in parallel.

The Safety and Process Computers in Phenix Nuclear Power Plant

This paper describes the use of computers in the PHENIX fast breeder power plant and the philosophy which induced: 1) The design of two safety computers specially for fuel element plugging detection in order to initiate reactor scram. The organization of calculations, the redundancy of sensors and computers are detailed. 2) The design of two computers for plant data processing, to develop adequate computer operation procedures and man-machine communications, to classify the data processes. Application of CRT for alarm and plant data displays appears to be of great help for man-machine dialogue.