Organizational Collaboration Research Articles

The impact of GitHub on students' learning and engagement in a software engineering course

AbstractGitHub, a widely used software development platform, facilitates organization of projects and collaboration. Its popularity extends to students who use it to host code and create open repositories for class projects. However, despite its potential benefits, the use of GitHub in education has often been unplanned and lacked structure. Consequently, the effectiveness of GitHub in improving student learning and project development skills remains unclear. This study explores the impact of using GitHub as a tool in a software engineering course on students' skill sets and perspectives. We present the results of an experiment conducted with 319 undergraduate students to assess whether using GitHub improves their engagement in teamwork and subsequently enhances learning. The study conducted pre‐ and postsurveys to capture students' perspectives and experiences. Additionally, we analyzed the number of commits, pull requests (PRs), and issues from group repositories to assess learning outcomes. Our findings revealed that most students had limited knowledge of collaborative development and teamwork before using GitHub in the course. However, after using GitHub, they demonstrated effective use of teamwork skills and collaborative development, resulting in significant improvements in their overall learning.

Did the organization of primary care practices during the COVID-19 pandemic influence quality and safety? – an international survey

BackgroundChanges in demographics with an older population, the illness panorama with increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases, and the shift from hospital care to home-based care place demand on primary health care, which requires multiprofessional collaboration and team-based organization of work. The COVID-19 pandemic affected health care in various ways, such as heightened infection control measures, changing work practices, and increased workload.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the association between primary care practices’ organization, and quality and safety changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignData were collected from 38 countries in a large online survey, the PRICOV-19 study. For this paper, the participating practices were categorized as “Only GPs”, comprising practices with solely general practitioners (GPs) and/or GP trainees, without any other health care professionals (n = 1,544), and “Multiprofessional,” comprising practices with at least one GP or GP trainee and one or more other health professionals (n = 3,936).ResultsBoth categories of practices improved in infection control routines when compared before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A larger proportion of the multiprofessional practices changed their routines to protect vulnerable patients. Telephone triage was used in more “Multiprofessional” practices, whereas “Only GPs” were more likely to perform video consultations as an alternative to physical visits. Both types of practices reported that the time to review new guidelines and scientific literature decreased during the pandemic. However, both had more meetings to discuss directives than before the pandemic.ConclusionsMultiprofessional teams were keener to introduce changes to the care organization to protect vulnerable patients. However, practices with only GPs were found to be more aligned with video consultations, perhaps reflecting the close patient-doctor relationship. In contrast, telephone triage was used more in multiprofessional teams.

Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Mycobacterium spp. in the United Arab Emirates: a retrospective analysis of 12 years of national antimicrobial resistance surveillance data.

The Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO) region accounts for almost 8% of all global Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) cases, with TB incidence rates ranging from 1 per 100,000 per year in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to 204 per 100,000 in Djibouti. The national surveillance data from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region on the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance trends of TB, including MDR-TB remains scarce. A retrospective 12-year analysis of N = 8,086 non-duplicate diagnostic Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTB complex) isolates from the UAE was conducted. Data were generated through routine patient care during the 2010-2021 years, collected by trained personnel and reported by participating surveillance sites to the UAE National Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Surveillance program. Data analysis was conducted with WHONET, a windows-based microbiology laboratory database management software developed by the World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance, Boston, United States (https://whonet.org/). A total of 8,086 MTB-complex isolates were analyzed. MTB-complex was primarily isolated from respiratory samples (sputum 80.1%, broncho-alveolar lavage 4.6%, pleural fluid 4.1%). Inpatients accounted for 63.2%, including 1.3% from ICU. Nationality was known for 84.3% of patients, including 3.8% Emiratis. Of UAE non-nationals, 80.5% were from 110 countries, most of which were Asian countries. India accounted for 20.8%, Pakistan 13.6%, Philippines 12.7%, and Bangladesh 7.8%. Rifampicin-resistant MTB-complex isolates (RR-TB) were found in 2.8% of the isolates, resistance to isoniazid, streptomycin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, was 8.9, 6.9, 3.4 and 0.4%, respectively. A slightly increasing trend of resistance among MTB-complex was observed for rifampicin from 2.5% (2010) to 2.8% (2021). Infections due to MTB-complex are relatively uncommon in the United Arab Emirates compared to other countries in the MENA region. Most TB patients in the UAE are of Asian origin, mainly from countries with a high prevalence of TB. Resistance to first line anti-tuberculous drugs is generally low, however increasing trends for MDR-TB mainly rifampicin linked resistance is a major concern. MDR-TB was not associated with a higher mortality, admission to ICU, or increased length of hospitalization as compared to non-MDR-TB.

Pharmacist-community-based organization collaboration to address health-related social needs

BackgroundCommunity-based organizations (CBOs) help address community issues, including health-related social needs (HRSNs). Community pharmacies are positioned to collaborate with CBOs to help their patients identify and address HRSNs to optimize medication use. ObjectivesTo develop and evaluate 2 models of community pharmacy-CBO collaboration to address HRSNs facing patients taking medications. MethodsTwo different pharmacy-CBO models were studied. The CBO-initiated model had 2 CBOs assess and refer clients to a community pharmacy to address HRSN-related medication concerns. In the pharmacy-initiated model, pharmacists screened patients for HRSNs, addressed those related to medication costs and referred patients to a CBO for other HRSNs. Documented HRSNs were extracted and analyzed. Participating pharmacy and CBO staff were interviewed. The interview recordings were transcribed and coded, using rapid qualitative analyses. ResultsThe CBO-initiated model screened 23 clients with 17 receiving a comprehensive medication review. In the pharmacy-initiated model, 39 patients were screened for HRSNs with 6 patients having medication costs issues addressed at the pharmacy and 23 patients being referred to the CBO. The most common HRSNs were high stress levels (43%), lack of confidence filling out forms (36%), feeling overwhelmed (34%), and inability to get food (27%). Patient-related themes from interviews were patient willingness to participate in the service, obstacles patients faced in obtaining medication therapy, and establishing patient trust. Pharmacy-related and CBO-related themes included fitting new activities into workflow, importance of time management and good communication, and establishing relationships between pharmacy and CBO personnel. ConclusionBoth pharmacy-CBO models effectively identified clients in need of medication management services or patients with HRSNs affecting medication optimization. Limited trust between the patient and the party to which they were referred was an obstacle to successful referral. Developing pharmacy and CBO personal relationships is a vital key in planning and coordinating these pharmacy-CBO collaboration models.

Cross-Organisational Collaboration Management of Digital Innovation in the Public Sector - The Case of the Estonian Employment Register

Abstract Cross-organisational collaboration management has been an important topic in academic literature, representing the nexus of modern governance arrangements. Organisational boundaries are becoming increasingly blurry with continuous digitalisation through new interaction patterns, resulting in the proliferation of cross- organisational collaborations across sectors and within the public sector. This study contributes to the existing literature by analysing cross-organisational collaboration management within the public sector through the case of the Estonian Employment Register. The author conducted semi-structured interviews with engaged stakeholders and coded the data with a concept-driven and data-driven coding scheme for the analysis. The interviews were analysed for occurrences and co-occurrences. The case highlights the role of system context (pre-established connections, decentralisation, digital infrastructure), process challenges (differences in perspectives, organisation-centric approach, power imbalances) and management interventions (contingent leadership, shifting roles, trilateral connections) for cross-organisational collaborations. The findings demonstrate the importance of pre-existing informal connections in shaping the available alternatives for instruments. Digitally capable agencies can capitalise on opportunities for digital innovation through their technological capability and reputation. The key challenges remain with expanding the cognitive framework beyond the established interaction arenas to adapt to perspectives beyond the initial networks. The ability to maximise the potential of digital innovation is also contingent on designing compatible human interaction processes to manage machine interactions.

Research on the coupling test and organizational collaboration relationship between emergency plans and emergency responses—Based on the social network analysis method

Emergency plan is the action guide of emergency response, and the high coupling level and smooth organizational collaboration between emergency plan and emergency response are the necessary conditions for successful response to emergencies. Based on the case of “4–18″ fire accident in Beijing Changfeng Hospital, use social network analysis to quantify and visualize the coupling level and organizational collaboration relationship between emergency plan and emergency response from the overall network and individual central network. The results of the study found that in the overall network, the emergency plan and emergency response organization collaborative relationship network, has a high level of coupling and organizational collaboration. In the individual central network, the network of emergency plan and emergency response organization collaborative relationship has a low level of coupling and organizational collaboration. The results of this study reveal a noteworthy finding that the function of media organizations is unusually prominent in the network of emergency response organization collaboration, while it is not found in the network of emergency plan organization collaboration. As global risks continue to evolve, the results of the study provide valuable insights for other countries and regions seeking to establish emergency plan networks and emergency response networks with high levels of coupling and organizational collaboration, which are essential for enhancing global disaster prevention, mitigation, and response capabilities.

Patient safety incidents in Irish general practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: an exploratory practice level analysis

BackgroundPatient safety is defined as the prevention of harm to patients and aims to prevent errors. This analysis explores factors associated with the reported occurrence of patient safety incidents (PSIs) in general practices in Ireland at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThe PRICOV-19 was a cross-sectional study to record the (re)organisation of care provided in general practice and changes implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic in 38 countries. Primary outcomes include three potential scenarios of PSIs: delayed care due to practice factors, delayed care due to patient factors, and delayed care due to triage. Exploratory variables included demographic and organisational characteristics, triage, collaboration, and strategies to safeguard staff members’ well-being.ResultsOf the 172 participating Irish general practices, 71% (n = 122) recorded at least one potential PSI. The most frequent incident was delayed care due to patient factors (65%), followed by practice (33%) and triage (30%). Multivariate analysis showed that delayed care due to patient factors was associated with changes in the process of repeat prescriptions (OR 6.7 [CI 95% 2.5 to 19.6]). Delayed care due to practice factors was associated with suburbs/small towns (OR 4.2 [1.1 to 19.8]) and structural changes to the reception (OR 3.5 [1.2 to 11.4]). While delayed care due to patient factors was associated with having a practice population of 6000–7999 patients (OR 4.7 [1.1 to 27.6]) and delayed care due to practice factors was associated with having a practice population of 2000–3999 patients (OR 4.2 [1.2 to 17.1]). No linear associations were observed with higher or lower patient numbers for any factor. Delayed care due to triage was not associated with any exploratory variables.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic resulted in dramatic changes in the delivery of care through general practices in Ireland. Few factors were associated with the reported occurrence of PSIs, and these did not show consistent patterns. Sustained improvements were made in relation to repeat prescriptions. The lack of consistent patterns, potentially confirms that the autonomous decisions made in general practice in response to the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic could have benefitted patient safety (See Graphical abstract).Graphical

Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among internally displaced persons: unveiling the impact of the war of Tigray

IntroductionDue to the war in Tigray, 2.1 million people (31% of the total population) were internally displaced. Epidemiological evidence shows that the burden of mental health is higher in war/conflict and post-conflict areas of the world compared to non-conflict places, especially for those who have experienced targeted ethnic violence as a result of civil and political unrest. Post-traumatic stress disorder is one of the common psychiatric disorders experienced during war. Thus, this study aimed to assess the level and aggravating factors of PTSD during the war in Tigray.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 2132 IDP family heads in Tigray from August 6–30, 2021. Study participants were recruited using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. The PCL-C checklist, derived from DSM-IV criteria, was used to assess the magnitude of post-traumatic stress disorder. The entered data were exported to the SPSS version 26 statistical package for analysis. Summary statistics were computed, and logistic regression analysis was used to investigate factors associated with developing PTSD.ResultsA total of 2071 IDPs were surveyed with a response rate of 99.7%. The survey revealed that the level of PTSD among community-hosted IDPs was 57.7%; 95% CI 55.5%-59.8%. Older age (> 50) (AOR 3.1, 95% CI 1.497–6.421), primary and secondary school attendance (AOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.344–3.279; and 1.697, 95% CI 1.067–2.7) respectively, internally displaced persons with a family size of > 6 members (AOR 1.821, 95% CI 1.124–2.95), disability due to the war (AOR 1.702, 95% CI 1.077–2.69), and loss of contact with family members (AOR 1.472, 95% CI 1.032–2.099) were significantly associated with PTSD.ConclusionThe overall level of PTSD among cIDPs was found to be high (57.7%). Almost every other IDP developed this serious mental health syndrome. Immediate psycho-social health intervention is needed by local and international organizations in collaboration with governmental and non-governmental institutions based on the study's findings.

Advancing collaborative social outcomes through place-based solutions—aligning policy and funding systems

Abstract More collaborative and human-centered approaches to tackle social problems of entrenched disadvantage have been introduced in many countries, including Australia, but with mixed results. Traditional programs that reinforce existing political and bureaucratic processes have been seen as blockers to collaborative modes of policymaking, governance, and delivery. Drawing on collaborative governance perspectives, this paper reports new research undertaken in conjunction with a not-for-profit organization (Collaboration for Impact) involved in supporting place-based collaborative community change efforts. Research findings, based on stakeholder perspectives, highlight not only the potential benefits of a more collaborative model (i.e., placed-based and community driven) but also the significant unresolved challenges for “backbone” coordination bodies, which have recently been established to achieve more “joined-up” policy, funding, and service delivery arrangements. The paper concludes by proposing a practice-driven focus on policy and funding systems, together with implications for policy learning and program design.

Improving collaborative innovation performance in megaprojects: a system dynamic approach

PurposeThe development and evolution of stakeholder collaborative innovation in megaprojects is impacted by various influencing factors. The effect of influencing factors on collaborative innovation performance (CIP) in megaprojects is not a simplistic linear relationship but an iterative and non-linear relationship that requires a dynamic perspective to analyze. Therefore, this paper adopts the system dynamic (SD) approach to investigate the dynamic and interactive relationships between the CIP and the influencing factors.Design/methodology/approachThe study first develops a research framework with the system boundary of “CIP system – organizational collaboration subsystem – knowledge collaboration subsystem – strategic collaboration subsystem”. Then, the causal relationship model, the stock-flow model, and the mathematical equations were determined based on the literature review and the expert interviews. Finally, five performance improvement scenarios were designed according to the practice context of CIP in megaprojects, and simulations were performed using the Vensim PLE software to investigate the CIP from a dynamic perspective.FindingsThe findings reveal that the effect of different influencing factors on CIP grows non-linearly, with the cumulative effect becoming more pronounced as time advances. The incentive mechanism has the most significant effect, and the combined effect of multiple influencing factors has a highly significant facilitating effect on improving CIP. Strategic collaboration, organizational collaboration and knowledge collaboration are mutually conditional and reinforcing with each other, which ultimately promotes the improvement of CIP.Originality/valueThis study uncovers the inherent pattern and the interactive dynamic mechanism of factors for improving CIP in the context of megaprojects. It enriches the theoretical research in the area of collaborative innovation in megaprojects and provides practical management strategies for improving CIP.

Examining organizational collaboration and resource flows of disaster response system based on a time-dynamic perspective

Increasing the efficiency of organizational collaboration and resource flows is key to improving the emergency response performance. Given that previous studies did not consider the interactions and dynamic characteristics of emergency response organizations and resources, this study divided the emergency response into four stages and analyzed the relationship between organizational collaboration and resource flows by combining the network attributes of emergency response goals at each stage. The 2022 Luding earthquake was selected as a case study, and a multisource mixed data method was used to identify 381 organizations and 2496 organizational relationships. Using the social network analysis, the dynamic evolution characteristics of the emergency response networks (ERNs) and organization-resource two-mode networks were analyzed. The results showed that the ERNs generally exhibited the following trends: a more compact structure, balanced distribution, evolution from decentralization to centralization, and homogenous organizational collaboration. A correlation existed between changes in the organizational status and ERN attributes, with government organizations always at the core and non-profit organizations gradually rising. The evolution of the resources was closely related to the network attributes and organizational relationships. We identified the strengths of China's current emergency management system, such as enhanced performance, improved information infrastructure, and emphasis on the engagement of the military and social organizations. We recommend the following for future practice: enhancing the information technology system, establishing a mechanism for the participation of social forces, and strengthening the management of emergency stockpiles. These will help improve the disaster emergency management performance and reduce casualties and losses.

Drifting towards multidimensional collaborative innovation: the co-evolution of collaboration networks and policy in China’s nuclear power industry

Purpose Nuclear power is a stable and reliable energy source that can improve energy structure while reducing carbon emissions, which is of great significance for environmental protection and combating climate change. As a unique industry, it is facing rare development opportunities in China and has broad market prospects. However, the characteristics of technical difficulty, loose organizational structure and uneven regional distribution limit the expansion of the nuclear power industry. This paper aims to a better understanding of the accumulation process for innovation capability from the perspective of network evolution and provides policy guidance for the market development of the nuclear power industry (NPI). Design/methodology/approach Methodologically, social network analysis is used to explore the co-evolution of multidimensional collaboration networks. First, the development and policy evolution of the NPI is introduced to divide the evolution periods. Then, the authors identify and analyze the core organizations, technologies and regions that promote nuclear power patent collaboration. Furthermore, three levels of collaboration networks based on organizations, technologies and regions are constructed to analyze the coevolution of patent networks in China’s NPI. Findings The results show that nuclear power enterprises always play the foremost role in the organizational collaboration network (OCN), and the dominance of foreign enterprises is replaced by Chinese state-owned enterprises in the third period. The technology hotspot has shifted from nuclear power plant construction to the control system. The regional collaboration network was initially formed in the coastal areas and gradually moved inland, with Guangdong and Beijing becoming the two cores of the network. The scale of three collaboration networks is still expanding but the speed has slowed down. Originality/value In response to the pain points of the NPI, this research focuses on multidimensional collaborative innovation, investigates the dynamic evolution process of collaborative innovation networks in China’s NPI and links policy evolution with network evolution creatively. The ultimate result not only helps nuclear power enterprises integrate innovative resources in complex environments but also promotes industrial upgrading and market development.

Collaboration risk, vulnerability, and resource sharing in disaster management networks

AbstractLocal governments have the authority to implement emergency management and are the primary responders in emergencies. They are strategically positioned to lead the charge in disaster response. Similar to other wicked problems, disasters require comprehensive and complicated responses. Local emergency management networks facilitate the exchange of information and resources between local entities and their collaborating partners. Successful collaboration across local governments is imperative in unexpected and urgent incidents. This paper applies the institutional collective action (ICA) framework to investigate the effects of relational risk and vulnerability on the formation of networks. The relational risk perceived by each collaborative organisation and the vulnerability of the community are crucial factors in the establishment and maintenance of collaborative networks. In addition, the need for resource exchange also affects the formation of networks. Logistic regression estimates the effect of collaboration risk and vulnerability on network formation using data from the 2015 Seoul EM survey. The findings confirm that the perceived collaboration risk negatively influences the establishment of collaborative ties in networks, while the perceived vulnerability level positively affects the arrangement of collaborative networks. In addition, the respondent's need for resource exchange increases when building networks. These results imply that relieving the relational risk levels is important for facilitating inter‐organisational collaboration. Furthermore, the actors’ assessments of the vulnerability of the community influence their willingness to join networks to relieve external uncertainty and susceptibility. Lastly, organisations’ give‐and‐take relationships on information sharing and physical resource transmission have the potential to stimulate the establishment of collaborative networks.Points for practitioners Sustainable interconnectedness among functionally and horizontally fragmented organisations is crucial for dealing with disasters efficiently, but it does not come solely from emergency management planning itself. Understanding the risk mechanism embedded in an interdependent relationship should increase the potential benefits of a successful response. The degree of vulnerability in a community affects the level of risk perception when collaborating with other organisations. Beyond the internal capacity or assessment of their organisation, how they view their community in general influences their decision‐making differently when it comes to forging inter‐relational collaboration. Resource sharing in a timely manner is crucial during disasters. Each organisation has different negotiating powers and needs to consider building interdependent relationships.

Building a resilient future: collaborative sustainability regulation

Abstract The challenge of sustainability lies in achieving a balance between satisfying present needs and protecting resources for future generations with an emphasis on its three pillars—environmental, social and governance. This study explored sustainable development encompassing environmental, social and governance aspects along with sustainability reporting through various sustainability frameworks. A systematic review of literature for the period 2010–23 on major worldwide sustainability frameworks was conducted, by offering insights into enhancing reporting mechanisms for a sustainable future. Secondary data related to sustainability reports were obtained from the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board and International Integrated Reporting Council, which helped in examining sector and year variations across countries. The results reflected that mandatory sustainability disclosures help to meet the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and global sustainability frameworks help to set standards, disseminate information and promote transparency. Collaboration of investment, company action and sustainability organizations can lead to a sustainable global economy. The adoption of sustainability reporting can help organizations by fostering a proper understanding of sustainability practices, improving transparency and identifying potential business opportunities in sectors with lower sustainability. The paper provided insights into sustainability reporting published across various countries in both advanced as well as emerging and developing economies. The analysis showed which sectors and time periods have had the most sustainability reports and which areas needed to be targeted for action to advance sustainable development.

Gender Dynamics in STEM Fields: Women's Experiences in Different Cultural Contexts

Purpose: The general aim of this study was to explore gender dynamics in STEM fields particularly, women’s experiences in different cultural contexts. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the gender dynamics in STEM fields. Through a comparative analysis across diverse cultural settings, significant variations in women's experiences in STEM were revealed, with some societies demonstrating greater gender equity and support for women. However, persistent disparities and challenges related to cultural norms and gender roles were observed in others. The research underscored the intersectional nature of gender dynamics in STEM, emphasizing the interconnectedness of gender with other dimensions of identity such as race and ethnicity. Additionally, cultural stereotypes and societal expectations were identified as significant barriers to women's participation and advancement in STEM fields. The findings underscored the importance of context-specific approaches to promoting gender equity in STEM and highlighted the need for challenging stereotypes and fostering inclusive environments for women in STEM fields globally. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social Cognitive Career theory (SCCT), intersectionality theory and Cultural-Historical Activity theory (CHAT) may be used to anchor future studies on gender dynamics in STEM fields. The study provided valuable recommendations with significant implications for theory, practice, and policy. It contributed to theoretical advancements by highlighting the intersectional nature of gender dynamics in STEM, offering practical recommendations for stakeholders in education and workforce development, and suggesting policy interventions aimed at promoting gender equity in STEM fields. The study emphasized the importance of organizational change, global collaboration, and continuous evaluation and improvement in advancing gender equity in STEM. By implementing these recommendations, stakeholders could work towards creating more equitable and inclusive environments where women could thrive and contribute meaningfully to STEM fields worldwide.

Multi-agent modelling and analysis of the knowledge learning of a human-machine hybrid intelligent organization with human-machine trust

Machine learning (ML) technologies have changed the paradigm of knowledge discovery in organizations and transformed traditional organizational learning to human-machine hybrid intelligent organizational learning. However, the general distrust among humans towards knowledge derived from machine learning has hindered effective knowledge exchange between humans and machines, thereby compromising the efficiency of human-machine hybrid intelligent organizational learning. To explore this issue, we used multi-agent simulation to construct a knowledge learning model of a human-machine hybrid intelligent organization with human-machine trust. The simulation showed that whether human-machine trust has a positive effect on knowledge level depends on the initial input and the magnitude of the effect depends on the human learning propensity (exploration and exploitation). When humans reconfigure machine learning excessively, whether human-machine trust has a positive effect on the knowledge level depends on human learning propensity (exploration and exploitation). Maintaining appropriate human-machine trust in turbulent environments assists humans in integrating diverse knowledge to meet changing knowledge needs. Our study extends the human-machine hybrid intelligence organizational learning model by modeling human-machine trust. It will assist managers in effectively designing the most economical level of human-machine trust, thereby enhancing the efficiency of human-machine collaboration in human-machine hybrid intelligent organization.

Manajemen Efektif Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan untuk Menciptakan Pembelajaran yang Berkualitas

Management of educators and education personnel is a key aspect of personnel management in educational institutions, with strategies for managing teacher and educator staff being the main focus for achieving quality learning. Professional development is also crucial in improving the competence and quality of trainers, while evaluation of their activities is necessary to monitor and improve performance. This study uses the literature method, with data collected through library data, reading, and managing research materials. The findings of this study show that effective human resource management strategies involve careful planning, thorough training and development, and regular performance evaluation. The implementation of education policies that focus on quality learning requires cross-departmental cooperation and active participation from various stakeholders. Environmental and organizational factors, including management, regulation, human resources, infrastructure, relationships, collaboration and changes in the external environment, also influence the effectiveness of HRM in educational institutions. By understanding the importance of educator and education personnel management and implementing effective HRM strategies, educational institutions can create a quality and competitive learning environment. This will positively impact the quality of education provided to students and help achieve broader educational goals.

Sequential Mediation Effects of Organizational Support and Collaboration on Missed Nursing Care.

It is necessary to find ways to mediate the relationship between role overload and missed nursing care in settings where nursing staffing is inadequate. This study aimed to identify the single and multiple sequential mediation effects of organizational support, nurse-physician collaboration, and nurse-nurse collaboration on the relationship between role overload and missed nursing care. Data were collected from 237 registered Korean nurses working in general wards in October 2022. The measures used were the modified role overload scale, nurse-physician collaboration scale, nurse-nurse collaboration scale, a short version of the Perceived Organizational Support Scale, and the modified Missed Nursing Care Scale. Data were analyzed using PROCESS macro in SPSS. A hypothesis test was performed using Model 81, proposed by Hayes, which includes serial multiple mediators. Organizational support, nurse-physician collaboration, and nurse-nurse collaboration showed a mediation effect on missed nursing care. Organizational support, nurse-physician collaboration, and nurse-nurse collaboration showed significant multiple sequential mediation effects on the relationship between role overload and missed nursing care. When the indirect effect sizes of nurse-physician collaboration were compared with those of nurse-nurse collaboration in both single and multiple sequential mediation paths, the indirect effect of nurse-physician collaboration was greater than that of nurse-nurse collaboration on the relationship between role overload and missed nursing care. As an alternative strategy to reduce missed nursing care in situations with insufficient nursing staffing, organizational support should precede nurse-physician and nurse-nurse collaboration. In particular, improving nurse-physician collaboration shows promise in mitigating missed nursing care.

Meeting Effectiveness and Inclusiveness: Large-scale Measurement, Identification of Key Features, and Prediction in Real-world Remote Meetings

Workplace meetings are vital to organizational collaboration, yet relatively little progress has been made toward measuring meeting effectiveness and inclusiveness at scale. The recent rise in remote and hybrid meetings represents an opportunity to do so via computer-mediated communication (CMC) systems. Here, we share the results of an effective and inclusive meetings survey embedded within a CMC system in a diverse set of companies and organizations. We correlate the survey results with objective metrics available from the CMC system to identify the generalizable attributes that characterize perceived effectiveness and inclusiveness in meetings. Additionally, we explore a predictive model of meeting effectiveness and inclusiveness based solely on objective meeting attributes. Lastly, we show challenges and discuss solutions around the subjective measurement of meeting experiences. To our knowledge, this is the largest data-driven study conducted after the pandemic peak to measure, understand, and predict effectiveness and inclusiveness in real-world meetings at an organizational scale.

A critical cartography: mapping chapters, networks, and relationships through regional organization

ABSTRACT The Association for Critical Heritage Studies (ACHS) was created, in part, to address underrepresentation in the study and management of heritage. However, achieving genuinely inclusive representation within global heritage conversations remains elusive, exacerbated by entrenched power dynamics and the dominance of Western epistemologies. Here, we discuss ACHS’s efforts to foster a more democratic, inclusive discourse through its organizational structure and international collaborations. As we argue here, although significant strides towards diversifying heritage discourse are evidenced by the creation of chapters and networks aimed at amplifying underrepresented voices, challenges persist in ensuring equitable participation. We discuss the importance of strategic regionalization and language inclusivity in advancing a platform that reflects the diversity of global heritage perspectives.