Organic Hybrid Research Articles

All Inorganic CsPbBr3 Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Preferential Crystallization of Buried Interface Regulated by CsCl

Compared to organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs), all inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells have higher stability but lower efficiency. Owing to the low solid solubility of CsBr in methyl alcohol, an incomplete first-step reaction with PbBr2 reaction takes place at room temperature. As a result, a large amount of CsPb2Br5 is generated in the final CsPbBr3 film, which deteriorates the performance of CsPbBr3 PSCs. Along these lines, in this work, CsCl was added to increase the reaction between CsBr and PbBr2 in the first step and high-quality CsPbBr3 films were prepared without CsPb2Br5. Our analysis demonstrated that at the optimal CsCl concentration of 6% in CsBr solution, the CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 7.33%. The best device retained 98.57% of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) after storing it for 30 days under ambient air condition.

Retraction Note: Novel magnetic organic–inorganic hybrids based on aromatic polyamides and ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles with biological activity

Retraction Note: Novel magnetic organic–inorganic hybrids based on aromatic polyamides and ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles with biological activity

UV-curable hydrophobic wood coatings based on sol–gel derived organic–inorganic hybrid systems

UV-curable hydrophobic wood coatings based on sol–gel derived organic–inorganic hybrid systems

A Multicriteria Decision-Making Model for the Selection of Conventional/Hybrid Coagulants in Water Treatment.

Coagulation process is a well-known process that has been used in water treatment for many years. Coagulation process shows the treatment efficiency in terms of turbidity and suspended solids removal. However, despite all these good results, coagulant selection is not an easy task because a coagulant can effectively remove suspended solids but at the same time increase conductivity or coagulants can significantly increase chemical sludge production. The final selection of coagulants depends on the importance attributed to the parameter desired to be removed. In this study, the use of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) is proposed to help select organic coagulants and hybrid coagulants, which have emerged as an alternative to inorganic coagulants in recent years due to the disadvantages of chemical coagulants and whose use and variety are increasing. Therefore, starting from the parameters determined by the coagulation process results, these techniques will allow weighting these parameters according to the judgments of drinking water treatment plant professionals and determining priorities among coagulants. The agreement between the obtained results and the literature shows that the AHP method is a useful tool for selecting coagulants. According to the results of the AHP matrix created with 4 criteria and 9 alternatives, it has been observed that hybrid coagulants with similar performances to inorganic coagulants have not yet been adopted by drinking water treatment professionals. This may have been due to the higher price of hybrid coagulants and the fact that they are not yet widely used in the drinking water industry.

Author Correction: Diffusion-mediated synthesis of high-quality organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite nanocrystals

Author Correction: Diffusion-mediated synthesis of high-quality organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite nanocrystals

Crystal growth, structural phase transitions and optical gap evolution of FAPb(Br1-xClx)3 hybrid perovskites (FA: formamidinium ion, CH(NH2)2+)

Chemically tuned organic–inorganic hybrid halide perovskites based on bromide and chloride anions CH(NH2)2Pb(Br1−xClx)3 (CH(NH2)2+: formamidinium ion, FA) have been crystallized and investigated by neutron powder diffraction (NPD), single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV–vis spectroscopy. FAPbBr3 and FAPbCl3 experience successive phase transitions upon cooling, lowering the symmetry from cubic to orthorhombic phases; however, these transitions are not observed for the mixed halide phases, probably due to compositional disorder. The band-gap engineering brought about by the chemical doping of FAPb (Br1-xClx)3 perovskites (x = 0.0, 0.33, 0.5, 0.66 and 1.0) can be controllably tuned: the gap progressively increases with the concentration of Cl− ions from 2.17 to 2.91 eV at room temperature, presenting a nonlinear behavior. This study provides an improved understanding of the structural and optical properties of these appealing hybrid perovskites.

Protein Based Hybrid Materials of Metal Phosphate Nanoflowers and Gels for Water Remediation: Perspectives and Prospects.

Water pollution is a critical environmental issue affecting ecosystems and human health worldwide. Contaminants such as heavy metals, dyes, antibiotics, and microplastics enter water bodies from the disposals of industrial, agricultural, and domestic waste. The development of new and advanced technologies for addressing water remediation has turned out to be a dire need. Protein-inorganic hybrid materials have emerged as innovative solutions for water remediation, leveraging the unique properties of both the proteins and the inorganic components. These hybrid materials connect the biocompatibility and specificity of proteins with that of the structural stability and catalytic capability of the inorganic frameworks. In recent times, protein inorganic hybrids are gaining importance in water remediation due to their ease of synthesis and chemical modification, stability, biocompatibility and biodegradability. This article brings out the recent advancements in the development of two major kinds of protein inorganic hybrid materials, viz., metal phosphate nanoflowers and gels in the context of water purification. The effect of major factors, like, morphology, porosity, pore size and nature, surface area, and the nature of the composite were systematically compared and analyzed to make it beneficial for future researchers in the development of such hybrid materials for water remediation in a sustainable.

Pressure-induced tunable emission colors and irreversible bandgap narrowing in organic–inorganic manganese bromide hybrids

The zero-dimensional (C24H20P)2MnBr4 exhibits remarkable high-pressure-induced emission tuning that shifts from green to red and an irreversible bandgap narrowing of 1.09 eV.

Ionothermal synthesis of a stable three-dimensional [Cu4I4] cluster scintillator with near-unity quantum efficiency and weak thermal quenching

A new 3-D organic–inorganic hybrid copper iodine cluster single crystal of (Cu4I4(C6H14N2)2) was ionothermal synthesized, exhibiting outstanding luminescent and scintillation properties.

Synchronous dual additives to boost multiphase interface stability of high-voltage Li-rich Mn-based batteries

The FEC-TMSPa dual additives can regulate the solvation structure of the electrolyte and construct robust organic–inorganic hybrid CEI/SEI to ensure the long cycle stability of high-voltage lithium metal batteries.

Crystal structure, thermal behavior, electric and dielectric properties of a novel organic–inorganic hybrid compound based on iron (III) chloride

Crystal structure, thermal behavior, electric and dielectric properties of a novel organic–inorganic hybrid compound based on iron (III) chloride

Fast photocatalytic Cr(VI) removal by an organic hybrid silver antimony sulfide coupled with PEDOT

Fast photocatalytic Cr(VI) removal by an organic hybrid silver antimony sulfide coupled with PEDOT

Construction of S-scheme heterojunction based on an organic hybrid silver tin selenide with strong affinity to Cr(VI) for efficient photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction

Construction of S-scheme heterojunction based on an organic hybrid silver tin selenide with strong affinity to Cr(VI) for efficient photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction

Lamellar metal oxide and organic hybrid sensor for room temperature alcohol gas detection

Lamellar metal oxide and organic hybrid sensor for room temperature alcohol gas detection

High-Performance InP Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes with a NiOx Nanoparticle-Embedded Hybrid Emissive Layer.

Quantum-dot (QD) light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are garnering significant attention owing to their superb optoelectrical properties, but the overinjection of electrons compared to holes into the emissive layer (EML) is still a critical obstacle to be resolved. Current approaches, such as inserting a charge-balancing interlayer and mixing p-type organic additives into the EML, face issues of process complexity and poor miscibility. In this work, we demonstrate efficient InP QLEDs by simply embedding NiOx nanoparticles (NPs) into the EML which forms a homogeneous QD-metal oxide hybrid EML. Precisely changing the NiOx NPs concentration enables an effective modulation of the valence state of the hybrid EML, while controlling the exciton quenching phenomena stemming from the metal oxide additives. Moreover, the inorganic hybrid EML exhibits superior electrical stability compared to that of typical organic additives. In detail, it possesses an upshifted valence state by approximately 0.2 eV, leading the QLEDs to a 3.7-fold increase in luminance, 1.7-fold improvement in external quantum efficiency, and 3-fold extension in operational half-lifetime, simultaneously. Comprehensive analyses on the optoelectrical and morphological characteristics confirm that the hybrid EML is suitable for realizing efficient and stable InP QLEDs via a simple fabrication method. Therefore, we expect that this approach would provide valuable insights into the development of high-performance and low-cost QLEDs.

Barrier Energy Engineering Enables Efficient Carrier Transport of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Small Organic Molecules Hybrid Thermoelectrics.

Understanding the inherent charge carrier transport mechanism within carbon nanotube-organic hybrid thermoelectric (TE) materials is crucial for enhancing their TE performance. Although various carbon nanotube-organic hybrid TE materials have been developed, the influence of the barrier energy on the TE transport mechanism within these hybrids remains elusive. Our study focuses on the engineering of barrier energy between single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and small organic molecules (SOMs) by modulating the mesomeric effects of terminal functional groups on T-shaped SOMs. The minimization of barrier energy in an SWCNTs-BTBIN hybrid to 0.04 eV resulted in a semiconducting-dominant transport character, facilitating the energy filtering of SWCNTs-BTBIN. Consequently, SWCNTs-BTBIN achieved a higher Seebeck coefficient (65 μV K-1) than other hybrids (39-54 μV K-1) having steeper barrier energies (0.30 and 0.19 eV), enabling the highest power factor (798 μW m-1 K-2) and ZT value up to 0.035 at room temperature among SWCNTs-BTBI hybrid series. A TE module consisting of SWCNTs-BTBIN incorporating five-leg TE elements produced an output power exceeding 0.82 μW, suggesting that integrating barrier energy engineering with analyses of TE transport mechanisms can significantly advance the design of high-performance nanocarbon-based organic hybrid TEs.

High-Performing Direct X-Ray Detection Made of One-Dimensional Perovskite-Like (TMHD)SbBr5 Single Crystal With Anisotropic Response.

3D and 2D organic hybrid perovskites, as well as double perovskites, have demonstrated their suitability for direct X-ray detection. However, the sensitivity and stability of 3D perovskite X-ray detectors are currently being hindered by the existing constraints on ion movement. Therefore, there is an immediate need to develop X-ray detectors that are both highly sensitive and stable while also being environmentally friendly. The novel low-dimensional perovskites demonstrate exceptional inherent stability and effectively mitigate ion migration, thereby showcasing their remarkable photoelectric performance. Inspired by this, a solution crystallization method is employed to synthesize novel single crystals (SCs) of one dimensional (1D) (TMHD)SbBr5. The dimensions of the chained (TMHD)SbBr5 SC are 13×1.3×1.2 mm3 in size. The device based on a perovskite chain (TMHD)SbBr5 exhibits unique anisotropic X-ray detection performance with a sensitivity of 62.8 and 30.5 µC Gyair -1cm-2 in the parallel and perpendicular orientations, respectively. It can lead to the directional movement of ions, resulting in large carrier mobility under the action of electric fields, and effectively increase the sensitivity to X-ray detection.

New Concept on the Generation and Regulation of Circularly Polarized Luminescence.

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) has attracted tremendous attention because of its significant application prospect across multiple fields of three-dimensional display, data storage, and information encryption. Chirality and luminescence are two necessary prerequisites for the generation of CPL. However, controlling these two factors simultaneously in a rational manner remains a challenge. Herein, we highlight the recent advances on the rational generation and regulation of CPL through the new concept, named matching rules, mainly including fluorescence-selective absorption, circularly polarized fluorescence energy transfer, and chiral communication between excited state and ground state. An important commonality among these strategies is that they need a good overlap of the corresponding spectra between the luminescent part (fluorescence, phosphorescence, or CPL) and the chiral part (organic, inorganic, or organic-inorganic hybrid materials), which can be contactless and separate. Different from most previous studies, no covalent or noncovalent interactions between the two parts are required, which makes them more facile and convenient. Finally, we summarize the main advantages of these strategies and the current challenges. We expect this concept to offer insightful and novel understanding and inspiration on CPL generation and regulation.

The Study on the Freeze–Thaw Deterioration of Soil Sites Modified with the ZDS-2 Organosilicon Reinforcement Agent

Due to the large temperature fluctuations between day and night during the transition from winter to spring, soil sites in seasonally frozen soil areas go through repeated freeze–thaw cycles. During these cycles, the water in the soil undergoes phase transformation and migration, which changes the physical and mechanical properties of the soil and directly affects the stability and durability of the soil site. In order to explore the feasibility of using the ZDS-2 organosilicon reinforcement agent for the anti-freeze-and-thaw protection of soil sites, Qingtai site soil and the ZDS-2 organosilicon reinforcement agent were used as raw materials. The optimal ratio of modified soil samples with different freeze–thaw cycles was obtained by laboratory tests. The strengthening mechanism of the ZDS-2 organosilicon reinforcement agent under freeze–thaw cycles was revealed by a microscopic test. The test results showed that the ZDS-2 organosilicon reinforcement agent can inhibit the volume expansion of soil samples caused by the freeze–thaw cycle. After nine freeze–thaw cycles, the shear strength of the soil samples, to which 15% ZDS-2 organosilicon reinforcement agent was added, increased by 53.4% on average compared with plain soil. The highly cross-linked organic–inorganic hybrid network structure formed between the siloxane group in the ZDS-2 organosilicon reinforcement agent and the soil particles can fill the pores and form a protective layer. The experimental results provided a basis and reference for the research of freeze–thaw-resistant materials for soil sites in seasonally frozen soil areas.

Excellent catalytic performance over reduced graphene-boosted novel nanoparticles for oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil

Abstract Three new inorganic–organic hybrid nanocomposites (In–WO3@rGO, Mo–WO3@rGO, and Mn–WO4@rGO) were synthesized by hydrothermal method and applied for recoverable and efficacious ODS process of real oil. The physicochemical analysis of novel nanocatalysts was conducted by various techniques, i.e., powder X-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. XRD and SEM analyses depicted that the nanoparticles (In–WO3, Mn–WO4, and Mo–WO3) were well embellished on the exterior of reduced GO with an amazing morphology, having a crystallite size of less than 40 nm. The catalytic activity of nanocomposites was scrutinized for real fuel (diesel and kerosene) and model fuel (DBT) using the radical initiator mechanism of the ODS pathway. Excellent efficiency can be obtained under optimized conditions using 0.1 g catalyst, 1 mL oxidant (H2O2), and100 ppm DBT at 40°C with a time duration of 180 min. Various factors such as time, DBT concentration, catalyst amount, oxidant amount, and temperature that affect catalytic activity directly or indirectly were also studied. A pseudo-first-order kinetics model was followed, and due to spontaneous reaction, a negative value of ΔG was observed with an activation energy of 6.54 kJ/mol for Mo–WO3@rGO, which is lower than that of the other two hybrids. The synthesized nanohybrids showed remarkable durability and recovery up to five times for the ODS process without significant change in proficiency.