Effect Of Organic Fertilizers Research Articles

Effects of Different Organic Fertilizers on Yield and Yield-Related Characteristics in Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Cultivation Under the Ecological Conditions of Tokat, Türkiye

This research was carried out during the 2022 and 2023 growing seasons on Agricultural Research and Application Fields of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University. The study aimed to investigate the effects of different organic fertilizers and application rates on the yield and yield-related characteristics of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). The experiment was designed using a split plot arrangement in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The main plots were assigned to five organic fertilizer types: Leonardite, Vermicompost, Solid Humus, Chicken Manure and Sheep Manure, while the subplots included in the same way in all fertilizer forms four fertilizer doses (0, 150, 300 and 600 kg/da). The study utilized “Çameli” variety, the only registered Nigella sativa L. variety in Turkiye. Key parameters examined over both years included plant height (cm), number of branches per plant (number), number of capsules per plant (number), number of grains per capsule (number), thousand seed weight (g), seed yield (kg/da). The results; revealed that the average plant height ranged from 39.76 to 54.33 cm, the number of branchers per plant, ranged from 6.22 to 6.35, the number of capsules per plant ranged from 13.43 to 14.88, the number of seed per capsule ranged from 98.56 to 104.00, thousand seed weight varied between 2.50 and 3.11 g, seed yield ranged from 135.26 to 135.41 kg/da. Statistically significant differences (p<0.01) were observed for all examined characteristics. Based on the two-year results the application of chicken manure at 300 kg/da was identified as the most effective treatment, significantly enhancing plant height, capsule number and thousand seed weight. This finding reveals that the use of organic fertilizer in black cumin cultivation is an important alternative for farmers who want to both increase yield and prefer a natural production method.

Impact of Organic Materials (Tea Waste and Farm Manure) on Yield, Protein Content, Fiber Fractions, and Mineral Composition of Tea Plants in an Organic System

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the effects of organic materials and fertilizers on tea plant yield and quality in an organic tea garden in Türkiye. The objective was to identify sustainable alternatives to synthetic fertilizers that could enhance tea production while maintaining or improving nutritional quality. A two-year field study (2019–2020) was conducted in an organic tea garden in Pazar, Rize, Türkiye, to assess the impacts of various organic materials on tea plant yield and quality. A Randomized Complete Block Design with split-split plots was employed, with three organic materials (Control, Farm Manure, Tea Waste) as main plots, five organic fertilizers (Control, Organoferm, Neobioplus, Bionur, Orbitosol) as subplots, and three harvest times as sub-sub plots. The study analyzed fresh and dry yield, protein content, cell wall components (Acid Detergent Fiber [ADF] and Neutral Detergent Fiber [NDF] representing indigestible fiber fractions, and Acid Digestible Protein [ADP] indicating protein availability), and macroelements (Phosphorus [P], Potassium [K], Calcium [Ca], and Magnesium [Mg]). Tea waste significantly enhanced protein content, yield, and phosphorus levels, while farm manure increased fresh and dry yields, as well as potassium and magnesium concentrations. Organoferm fertilizer improved most quality parameters except for calcium and magnesium. Results indicated that organic amendments, particularly farm manure, tea waste and Organoferm fertilizer, can be effective in improving tea plant yield and nutritional quality, offering a sustainable alternative to synthetic fertilizers.

Impact of Combined Vermicompost and Inorganic Fertilizers on Bread Wheat Yield, Yield Component and Soil Properties in Sinana District, Bale Highlands, Ethiopia

A field experiment was made to evaluate the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of wheat and soil chemical properties. The study was conducted for two consecutive cropping seasons (2023-2024) on farmers’ fields in the Sinana district of Oromia National Regional State. Therefore, this study has attempted to evaluate the effect of the integrated use of vermicompost and inorganic fertilizer on bread wheat production and soil fertility improvement in the study area. Fertilizer source organic Sources of nutrients both included (vermicompost) and inorganic fertilizer (urea and NPS) were used in the integrated form. These treatments consist of: T1 = Control (no input) T2 = Recommend NP, T3 =25% RVC + 75% N + Rec P, T4 =100% RVC + rec P, T5 =50% RVC + 50% N + rec P and T6 =75% RVC + 25% N + Rec P. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Soil sampling and agronomic data on wheat grain yield and yield components were collected. Accordingly, the highest mean grain yield (5403.67kgha-1) was recorded from the plot of T2 (Recommended rate from inorganic) flowed by (5186.00 kgha-1) was recorded from T3 (25% RVC + 75% N + Rec P) while the lowest grain yield (2637.67 kgha-1) was recorded from control plot. The partial budget analysis was performed for alternative uses of integrated organic and inorganic fertilizer applications for bread wheat production. The results showed that the application of integrated vermicompost with recommended rates of inorganic NP significantly increased the yield and yield components. It can be concluded that the application of integrated vermicompost and recommended rate of inorganic NP fertilizers (25 % Equivalent N from + 75 % N + Rec P is desirable) based on environmental sustainability for future productivity. This experiment has to be repeated over seasons and locations to make conclusive recommendations for the study area.

Meta-analysis on the Effects of Organic Fertilizer Application on Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agricultural Soils

To explore the direct and indirect effects of organic fertilizer application on greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural soils, a total of 1228 groups of data from 129 published studies were selected. Meta-analysis was used to analyze the effects of organic fertilizer on global greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural soils and their influencing factors. Meanwhile, a structural equation model （SEM） was further constructed to quantify and determine the causal relationships between the factors. The results showed that, overall, compared with those under no fertilization, organic fertilizer substitution increased CO2 emissions by 70.73% （lnR： 0.53, 95%CI： 0.45-0.62）, CH4 emissions by 52.58% （lnR： 0.42, 95%CI： 0.26-0.59）, and N2O emissions by 208.14% （lnR： 1.13, 95%CI： 1.04-1.21）, respectively. Compared with those under the application of inorganic fertilizers, the substitution of organic fertilizers increased CO2 emissions by 19.24% （lnR： 0.18, 95%CI： 0.13-0.22）, CH4 emissions by 27.72% （lnR： 0.24, 95%CI： 0.15-0.34）, and N2O emissions by -3.66% （lnR：-0.04, 95%CI：-0.11- 0.04）. Under the application of organic fertilizer, the dryland system had the greatest impact on both CO2 and N2O emissions, and the rice system had the most significant effect on CH4 emission effects. The average CO2 growth rate was highest in silty soils, and sandy soils had a greater effect on the average growth rates of N2O and CH4. The average growth rate of CO2 and N2O was extremely large under straw substitution compared to that under commercial organic fertilizer and biogas. The substitution of farmyard manure had significant CH4 emissions from soil promotion. Greenhouse gas emissions were significantly increased under the nitrogen fertilizer and organic fertilizer treatments. The SEM showed that mean annual temperature （MAT） was the most important environmental determinant of CO2 and N2O emissions, in which soil CO2 emissions were significantly positively correlated with MAT （P < 0.01） and soil N2O emissions were negatively correlated with MAT. The main environmental determinants of CH4 emissions in dryland, grassland, and rice systems were annual precipitation （MAP） and mean annual temperature （MAT）, respectively, which were both significantly and positively correlated with each other （P < 0.05）. This research can provide a scientific basis for optimizing fertilizer management and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from farmland.

Sulphur distribution and fractionation in calcareous soils: Impact of long-term organic and inorganic inputs in rice-based systems

This study examines the long-term effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil sulphur (S) dynamics and fractionation in rice-based cropping systems on calcareous soils, addressing critical gaps in understanding S distribution and availability. The findings reveal that prolonged fertilization significantly influences S content across various soil depths, with the most pronounced increases in available S occurring at 30-45 cm, particularly in plots treated with compost. Compost amendments were especially effective in enhancing S availability, promoting greater S accumulation compared to inorganic fertilizers alone. The fractionation analysis highlighted that fertilization strategies and cropping systems affected different S fractions, with organically bound sulphur being the dominant form. Total S content increased substantially with the application of both organic and inorganic fertilizers, with compost at 5 t ha-1 showing the greatest impact. The study also demonstrated that S concentrations increased with soil depth, influenced primarily by organic inputs such as compost. These results emphasize the crucial role of organic inputs, particularly compost, in improving S availability and its distribution within the soil profile, which is essential for optimizing nutrient management in rice-based cropping systems. The research underscores the importance of adopting long-term fertilization strategies that combine organic and inorganic inputs to enhance soil health, sustain crop productivity, and ensure the efficient cycling of essential nutrients like sulphur. By providing insights into the interplay between fertilization practices and sulphur dynamics, the study offers valuable guidance for sustainable agricultural management in rice based systems, particularly in calcareous soils, where the use of compost can significantly boost available S levels and improve overall soil fertility.

Effect of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Nitrogen Fertilizer on Major Grain Yield in China

To comprehensively assess the changing pattern of organic fertilizer substitution with nitrogen fertilizer on the yield of major grains in China, with 102 literature as the research object, through Meta-analysis we quantitatively explored the impacts of soil physicochemical properties, climatic conditions, and different nitrogen fertilizer replacement rates and supplemental application amounts. The results showed that the replacement of nitrogen fertilizer by organic fertilizer could increase crop yields compared with those from the application of nitrogen fertilizer alone, and soil quick-acting potassium content, pH, and annual average temperature had the most significant effects on the yields of the three major grains. When the nitrogen fertilizer replacement rate and the amount of supplemental nitrogen fertilizer applied were 31.06% and 241.78 kg·hm-2, 26.52% and 173.31 kg·hm-2, and 39.23% and 149.17 kg·hm-2, the optimum yield increase ratios of 3.31%, 3.32%, and 1.08% were achieved for maize, wheat, and rice, respectively. Thus, the results of this study can provide a reference basis for rational fertilizer application in future crop production and help promote green agriculture.

Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk Organik Cair Termodifikasi Silika dan Varietas Terhadap Produktivitas Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)

Shallot plants (Allium ascalonicum L.) have short roots and soft leaves, potentially susceptible to environmental stress and pest attacks. Fulfillment of nutrients and variety selection as an alternative in increasing shallot production. The research aims to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) modified silica (Si) and varieties on the productivity of shallot plants. The research was carried out at the Universitas Darussalam Gontor experimental field from November 2023 to January 2024. The research used a split-plot design with 2 factors. First factor: POC modified Si, P1 = POC 5 ml + Si 5 g.l-1, P2 = POC 10 ml + Si 5 g.l-1, P3 = without fertilizer (control). Second factor: variety, V1 = Bima Brebes, V2 = Thailand. Observation parameters were plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, tuber diameter, wet and dry weight of tubers per plot (1 m-2), and wet and dry weight of the entire plant per plot (1 m-2). The observation data were analyzed using ANOVA and then tested further with 5% BNT. POC 5 ml + Silica 5 g.l-1 treatment increased the number of leaves, tillers, and wet and dry weight of shallot bulbs. The Bima Brebes variety has better plant height and diameter than the Thailand variety which is significantly different, while the number of tillers for the Thailand variety is greater. The Bima Brebes variety fertilized with POC 5 ml + Silica 5 g.l-1 increased the entire shallot plant's wet and dry weight (total bulbs and leaves).

Studies on the Effect of Organic Nutrient Sources and Chemical Fertilizers on Sustainable Productivity of Chilli (Capsicum annun L.)

The present study was carried out the effect of organic nutrient sources and chemical fertilizers on sustainable productivity of chilli (Capsicum annun L.) during the rabi season of the year, 2022-2023. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 12 treatment and three replications. Among the various levels of organic nutrient and NPK used in the experiment, treatment T12 50% FYM + 50% Vermicompost resulted highest values on plant height (27.59, 57.70, 78.68 and 113.16), Days to first flower initiation (31.55), Days to 50% flowering (56.08), Number of fruit plant-1 (63.74), fruit length (cm) and fruit width (cm) (7.17 & 2.52), Weight of fruit (3.80g), Fruit yield (g) plant-1 (242.27), Fruit yield (kg) plot-1 (1453.62) and fruit yield (t ha-1) (2.75) under Satna agro-climatic condition when compared with control and the other treatments.

Optimalisasi Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Merah (Peran Komposisi Media Tanam dan Konsentrasi Pupuk Organik)

Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) are horticultural products that are highly sought after because they are often used for various purposes. However, the high demand for this product is not matched by its production levels. The excessive use of chemical products can reduce the nutrient content in the soil, making it difficult to achieve maximum production yields. The solution that can be implemented to solve the problem is to add organic materials to the cultivation process. This research investigated the combined effect of media composition and liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) on the growth and yield of shallots. This research is located at the Integrated Agricultural System Area in Curug District, Serang City, Banten, from May to August 2024. This experimental research uses a Randomized Block Design with two factors and three replications, resulting in 36 experimental units where each experimental unit contains two plants, totaling 72 plants. The first factor is the composition of the planting media soil: husk charcoal: cow manure fertilizer, which consists of 4 ratios: (1:1:1), (2:1:1), (1:2:1), and (1:1:2). The second factor is the concentration of GDM LOF, which consists of 3 levels: 6 mL/L, 8 mL/L, and 10 mL/L. The research results show that the treatment of planting media composition significantly affects plant height and number of leaves, with the best treatment being the planting media composition of soil: husk charcoal: cow manure fertilizer (1:2:1). Meanwhile, the treatment of GDM LOF concentration significantly effects on plant height, number of leaves, and tuber diameter, with the best treatment being the GDM LOF concentration of 8 mL/L. Interaction was found in plant height at 2 weeks after planting.

Assessing the Challenges of Transitioning to Organic Fertilizers: A Case Study in Mahaweli System-B, Sri Lanka

Mahaweli System-B, spanning the Polonnaruwa and Batticaloa districts of Sri Lanka, underwent a major shift in 2021 with the introduction of a government-mandated organic fertilizer subsidy program. This change aimed to promote eco-friendly farming by replacing inorganic fertilizers that had been used for decades. However, the transition posed significant challenges for farmers, particularly in the Dimbulagala Block, a key agricultural area known for its extensive paddy cultivation. This study investigates the constraints faced by farmers during this transition and evaluates their attitudes toward organic farming. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire survey conducted with 100 randomly selected farmers from six units of the Dimbulagala Block. Results revealed several critical barriers, including difficulties in transporting, storing, and applying organic fertilizers in field conditions. Farmers also expressed concerns about reduced paddy yields when using organic fertilizers, compared to traditional inorganic methods. Despite the availability of organic materials and training opportunities, these logistical and practical challenges significantly hindered adoption. Moreover, the study found variability in farmers’ adaptability based on their age, education level, and farming experience. The findings highlight the urgent need for improved infrastructure, such as better transport and storage solutions, and enhanced farmer support systems, including targeted training and financial incentives. Addressing these limitations could increase the acceptance and effectiveness of organic fertilizers, promoting sustainable agricultural practices in Mahaweli System-B and beyond.

Assessing Farmers' Buying Behavior and Challenges in Adopting Organic Fertilizers: A Case Study from Banaskantha District, Gujarat, India

The adoption of organic fertilizers in India has seen significant growth, driven by increasing consumer awareness of the environmental impact of chemical fertilizers and government policies promoting sustainable agriculture. This study explores the buying behaviour and challenges faced by farmers in Deesa and Palanpur talukas, Banaskantha district, Gujarat regarding their use of organic fertilizers. Through interviews with 200 farmers, findings reveal that although a majority express strong interest in organic fertilizers, they face significant challenges, including poor efficiency, delayed effects, and limited knowledge of proper use. Understanding these obstacles is crucial for developing policies that promote sustainable agriculture in India. A descriptive research design was employed, utilizing both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected using a semi-structured schedule, while secondary data were obtained from literature, government publications, and online sources. The sampling method involved purposive selection of farmers with knowledge of organic farming practices from ten randomly selected villages in the two talukas. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Weighted Average Mean method. The results showed that the majority of farmers (53.5%) were in the age range of 36-50 years. Most farmers (48%) had an annual income between Rs. 100,000 and Rs. 500,000, with 44.5 per cent having an education level below SSC. The primary occupation was a combination of agriculture and animal husbandry (54.5%). Land holdings are mostly below 5 acres (49 %), and the main crops are wheat (35.5 %) and potato (27 %). Organic fertilizer is primarily purchased from retail outlets (69 %), with past experience being the most important factor influencing purchases (WAM score 4.800), followed by dealer recommendations (WAM score 4.500). A significant 94.5 per cent of farmers express a strong interest in purchasing organic fertilizers. Challenges include poor efficiency and delay effects of organic fertilizers, along with a notable lack of knowledge on their effective use. Understanding the socio-economic characteristics, buying behaviour, and challenges faced by farmers in these regions is crucial for developing strategies to promote the adoption of organic fertilizers and contribute to sustainable agriculture in India. The study suggests targeted education and support initiatives to enhance adoption rates and improve the efficacy of organic farming practices.

Response of growth and yield traits of Vigna radiata L. to organic fertilization and foliar application of nano copper

A study was conducted in the spring of 2023 in Karbala Governorate to examine the effects of liquid organic fertilizer and nano copper spray on the growth and yield mung beans in clay loam soil. The experiment used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with treatments distributed in three replicates. The study looked at two factors: levels of liquid organic fertilizer (0, 10, and 2 L ha-1) and concentrations of nano copper (0, 15, 30, and 45 mg L-1). The results showed that using liquid organic fertilizer and nano copper spray, either alone or in combination, significantly impacted the growth and yield characteristics of the mung beans. The combination of liquid organic fertilizer (10 L ha-1) and nano copper spray (45 mg L-1) resulted in significant increase in the number of branches in a plant, number of leaves in a plant, leaf chlorophyll index (SPAD), plant biological yield, harvest index, and protein yield by 68.70%, 62.85%, 39.44%, 93.28%, 38.51% and 454.78% respectively, compared to the treatment without these additions.

Effect of nano titanium and organic fertilizer on broccoli growth, production, and biochemical profiles

Broccoli is considered a highly valuable vegetable due to its significant enrichment with health-promoting biochemicals. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the responses of broccoli plants to different concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) applied via foliar spray and organic fertilizer (OF) applied to the soil. The results revealed that 40 mg/L TiO2NPs had the greatest effect on leaf dry matter (16.38%), total polyphenolic content (39.77 μg GAE/g FM), nitrogen (1.93%), and phosphorus content (0.35%) compared to the control and other treatments. OF applied at 30 L/ha improved the chlorophyll content (1.99 μg/g FM). Furthermore, vegetative and root growth, fruit characteristics, and potassium content were significantly influenced by the interaction of 20 mg/L TiO2NPs with 15 L/ha OF. The combination of 20 mg/L TiO2NPs with 30 L/ha OF resulted in the most significant increase in root diameter (8.77 mm), chlorophyll b (0.40 μg/g FM), carotenoid (0.50 μg/g FM), and total flavonoid content (4.56 μg QE/g FM) compared to control plants and single effect of TiO2NPs and OF. The combination of 40 mg/L TiO2NPs with 15 L/ha OF increased the number of roots (21.84), and 40 mg/L TiO2NPs with 30 L/ha OF significantly increased total soluble solids (7.85°Brix) and DPPH free radical scavenging activity (5.12 μg/g FM). This study established that TiO2NPs were more effective for enhancing broccoli plant growth when applied in combination with OF and can be recommended for use in sustainable agriculture, particularly at the interaction of 20 mg/L TiO2NPs with 15 and 30 L/ha OF.

Effect of Organic Fertilizer (Compost) Prepared from Canocarpus Crus-galli on the Characteristics of Wheat Plant Grown in Sandy Loam Soil

Effect of Organic Fertilizer (Compost) Prepared from Canocarpus Crus-galli on the Characteristics of Wheat Plant Grown in Sandy Loam Soil

DETERMINATION OF MACRONUTRIENTS CONCENTRATION IN DRY FOLLIAGE OF SOPHORA MOLLIS TO USE GREEN LUMEN AS ORGANIC FERTILIZER

Background: Optimal plant growth and successful crop production rely on the availability of essential macronutrients, which include nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg). These nutrients play critical roles in plant metabolism, soil fertility, and sustainable agriculture. Sophora mollis, a small deciduous shrub of the Fabaceae family, holds potential as an organic fertilizer due to its nutrient-rich foliage. Investigating its macronutrient profile provides insights into its suitability for addressing soil nutrient deficiencies and enhancing agricultural productivity. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the macronutrient concentrations in the dry foliage of Sophora mollis and to assess its potential as an organic fertilizer for improving soil fertility and supporting sustainable agriculture. Methods: The research involved the collection of dry foliage from Sophora mollis plants in various regions of Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan. The samples were dried, powdered, and analyzed in the laboratory. Nitrogen content was determined using the Kjeldahl method, which involved digestion, neutralization, distillation, and titration processes. The concentrations of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were analyzed using UV-Visible spectrophotometry. Appropriate standards were prepared for calibration, and the macronutrient concentrations were calculated based on established protocols. Results: The dry foliage of Sophora mollis demonstrated macronutrient concentrations of 3.9% nitrogen, 0.6% phosphorus, 4.2% potassium, 2.4% calcium, and 0.8% magnesium. These values closely aligned with the sufficient ranges required for plant growth. The results highlighted the nutrient-rich profile of Sophora mollis, indicating its potential as a sustainable organic fertilizer. Conclusion: The study concluded that the dry foliage of Sophora mollis is a promising source of essential macronutrients and can serve as an effective organic fertilizer. Its use in sustainable agricultural practices can improve soil fertility and support crop productivity, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions.

Effects of microbial organic fertilizer on glycoalkaloid content and yield of Solanum procumbens Lour.

Solanum procumbens Lour. is a traditional medicinal plant known for its rich glycoalkaloid content. This research aimed to determine the suitable types and application rates of microbial organic fertilizers to enhance yield and glycoalkaloid content in Solanum procumbens Lour. A two-factor experiment was conducted using a Split-Plot Design (SPD) with three replications. The main plots included four types of microbial organic fertilizers (HD301, HD302, Komix-BL2, and HCMK7), while the sub-plots involved three application rates (2, 4, and 6 tonnes/ha per crop). Various parameters were measured, including fresh and dry biomass per plant, fresh and dry yield per ha, glycoalkaloid content, and glycoalkaloid yield across two cropping cycles. The results indicated that applying HCMK7 at a rate of 6 tonnes/ha per crop produced the highest outcomes: in the initial crop, a fresh weight of 255.2 g and dry weight of 111.1 g per plant, fresh yield of 15.77 tonnes/ha, dry yield of 6.99 tonnes/ha, glycoalkaloid content of 0.70%, and glycoalkaloid yield of 48.97 kg/ha. In the ratoon crop, the same application rate yielded a fresh weight of 282.5 g and dry weight of 134.6 g/plant, fresh yield of 17.62 tonnes/ha, dry yield of 9.21 tonnes/ha, glycoalkaloid content of 0.76%, and glycoalkaloid yield of 70.39 kg/ha. The highest average glycoalkaloid content (0.73%) and total glycoalkaloid yield (119.36 kg/ha) across both crops were also recorded at this application rate.

Response to chemical and organic fertilization in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Mejhoul variety in Northwestern Mexico

This research was conducted to determine the effect of chemical, organic, and combined fertilization on the fruit yield of the Mejhoul date palm variety in Northwestern of Mexico. The variables measured were polar diameter, equatorial diameter of the fruit, roundness index, number of clusters, number of leaves per palm, number of leaves per cluster, fruits with separated skin, dried fruits and commercial yield. The design used was complete randomized blocks with five replicates, where each palm tree was the experimental unit. The results indicate that chemical fertilization 262N-138P2O5-540K2O alone or in combination with compost application (three or six tons per hectare) increases polar and equatorial diameter, promoting the oval growth of dates. Fruits with separated skin continue to occur regardless of the origin of the fertilizers. The number of fruits increases with chemical fertilization, but the total yield of dates remains consistent across the treatments evaluated. In conclusion, date palms respond favorably to the combination of chemical and organic fertilization, but date yields did not increase.

Fish Waste Compost - A Fertilizer for Organic Agriculture

Fish markets produce a large amount of fish waste such as fish head, gut, intestine, fines, bones and scales that are generally dumped in the river or land-filling areas causing great intuitive pollution to the environment. Such impulsively growing contamination can be mitigated and checked though waste management in the form of organic composting. This study investigates the potential of fish waste compost as a sustainable organic fertilizer by converting fish waste, including gut, head, skin, bones, and fins, into compost using sawdust, banana and jaggery as supplementary materials. The matured compost was then analyzed for nutrient content and maturity through physical, sensory, biological, and chemical tests. Results showed that the compost, reduced to 70% of its original volume, had significant nutrient content with a C:N ratio of 28.6:1, a pH of 6.80, and an electrical conductivity of 1.45 dS/m. Biological tests demonstrated high germination rates, indicating non-phytotoxicity. Fish waste containing 10.56, 2.12, 0.82 and 0.10 percents of C, N, P and K respectively can be converted into an effective organic fertilizer which can enhance soil fertility. This approach not only addresses waste management but also offers a viable solution for recycling fish waste into valuable agricultural resources.

Increasing the Growth and Production of Alfalfa by Supplementation with Various Types of Organic Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of various organic fertilizers and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth and production of alfalfa plants in the tropics. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern consisting of two factors with ten replications. Factor A included the types of organic fertilizer, including chicken manure, cow manure, goat manure, and vermicompost. Factor B was the dose of AMF, which included 0 g and 10 g. The results revealed an interaction effect (p<0,01) between the type of organic fertilizer and AMF factors on AMF colonization in alfalfa roots and leaf chlorophyll. The single factor of the type of organic fertilizer had a very significant effect (p<0,01) on increasing the pH, plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, and shoot dry weight of the media. Moreover, the single factor AMF had no significant effect (p>0,05) on the observed parameters. In conclusion, the application of various types of organic fertilizers with 20% media volume effectively increased the growth and production of alfalfa plants, and the type of organic fertilizer, cow manure, was the best treatment. The application of organic fertilizers alone or in combination with 10 g of AMF did not significantly affect the growth and production of alfalfa plants

Analysis Of The Effect Of Organic Fertiliser Use On Plant And Soil Quality

Modern agriculture faces a major challenge in maintaining high productivity while preserving the environment. In recent decades, the use of synthetic chemical fertilisers has become a common practice worldwide to increase crop yields (Sari, 2023). This research aims at analysing the effect of organic fertiliser use on plant and soil quality. This research uses a quantitative method with a field experimental approach. This approach was chosen because it allows researchers to directly measure the effect of organic fertiliser use on soil quality and plants under environmental conditions. From the results in table 3 regarding the effect of granular and bulk organic fertilisers on plant growth, it shows that the NPK treatment alone produces the highest plant height (33.6 cm) with a production of 17.7 t/ha. In Table 4 regarding the effect of fertiliser treatment on dry weight and stem varieties, the combination of NPK with NPK + 2 t POG organic fertiliser gave a dry weight of grain of 19.5 kg and a dry weight of straw of 21.5 kg. From the results shown in Table 3, it can be seen that the use of bulk (PO bulk) and granular (POG) organic fertiliser has a positive effect on plant growth compared to the control. In Table 4, the combination of NPK with 2 tonnes of straw or granulated organic fertiliser (POG) resulted in an increase in grain dry weight, especially in the NPK + 2 t POG treatment, which reached 19.5 kg dry weight. From the results of this study, it is clear that the use of organic fertilisers significantly improves soil fertility and crop yields, especially when combined with chemical fertilisers such as NPK. Organic fertilisers not only improve soil physical and biological properties, but also increase the effectiveness of chemical fertilisers.