Destruction Of Organic Compounds Research Articles

Experimental study on the radiation-induced destruction of organic compounds on the surface of the Moon

Volatile organic molecules and a complex organic refractory material were detected on the Moon and on lunar samples. The Moon’s surface is exposed to a continuous flux of solar UV photons and fast ions, e.g. galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), solar wind (SW), and solar energetic particles (SEPs), that modify the physical and chemical properties of surface materials, thus challenging the survival of organic compounds. With this in mind, the aim of this work is to estimate the lifetime of organic compounds on the Moon’s surface under processing by energetic particles. We performed laboratory experiments to measure the destruction cross section of selected organic compounds, namely methane (CH4), formamide (NH2CHO), and an organic refractory residue, under simulated Moon conditions. Volatile species were deposited at low temperature (17 - 18 K) and irradiated with energetic ions (200 keV) in an ultra-high vacuum chamber. The organic refractory residue was produced after warming up of a CO:CH4 ice mixture irradiated with 200 keV H+ at 18 K. All the samples were analyzed in situ by infrared transmission spectroscopy. We found that destruction cross sections are strongly affected (up to one order of magnitude) by the dilution of a given organic in an inert matrix. Among the selected samples, organic refractory residues are the most resistant to radiation. We estimated the lifetime of organic compounds on the surface of the Moon by calculating the dose rate due to GCRs and SEPs at the Moon’s orbit and by using the experimental cross section values. Taking into account impact gardening, we also estimated the fraction of surviving organic material as a function of depth. Our results are compatible with the detection of CH4 in the LCROSS eject plume originating from layers deeper than about 0.7 m at the Moon’s South Pole and with the identification of complex organic material in lunar samples collected by Apollo 17 mission.

Permeation of photochemically-generated gaseous chlorine dioxide on Mars as a significant factor in destroying subsurface organic compounds.

It has been shown that ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is responsible for the destruction of organic compounds on the surface of Mars. When combined with the photochemically-driven production of oxychlorines (ClOx) it can generate highly reactive species that can alter or destroy organic compounds. However, it has been assumed that since UV only penetrates the top few millimeters of the martian regolith, reactive ClOx oxidants are only produced on the surface. Of all the oxychlorine intermediates produced, gaseous chlorine dioxide [ClO2(g)] is of particular interest, being a highly reactive gas with the ability to oxidize organic compounds. Here we report on a set of experiments under Mars ambient conditions showing the production and permeation of ClO2(g) and its reaction with alanine as a test compound. Contrary to the accepted paradigm that UV irradiation on Mars only interacts with a thin layer of surface regolith, our results show that photochemically-generated ClO2(g) can permeate below the surface, depositing ClOx species (mainly Cl- and ) and destroying organic compounds. With varying levels of humidity and abundant chloride and oxychlorines on Mars, our findings show that permeation of ClO2(g) must be considered as a significant contributing factor in altering, fragmenting, or potentially destroying buried organic compounds on Mars.

New insight into the visible-light-driven photoinduced electron transfer mechanism for ozone activation over defective sites of ceria for organic compounds destruction

Herein, we prepared CeO2 with varying concentrations of oxygen vacancies (Ov) and investigated the effects of the Ov concentration and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) on O3 activation under visible-light-driven (VLD) photocatalytic-ozonation (PO) for removal of oxalic acid (OA). Density functional theory calculations showed the formation of Ov reduced the bandgap of CeO2, leading to region around the Ce atom with a low adsorption energy barrier toward O3. Notably, no distinct linear correlation was found between the Ov concentration and VLD-PO activity. This implies that CeO2 with a lower amount of Ov (14.64%) exhibits better PET and higher photoexcited electron density than CeO2 with a relatively higher Ov (17.62%), suggesting that the PET properties of CeO2 are crucial for the Ov regeneration and O3 activation and conversion for OA removal. Electric energy per order (EEO) for VLD-PO using CeOx(700) was 6.94 kWh m−3 order−1. Additionally, bioassay experiments with Daphnia Magna showed toxicity reduction in the PO-treated effluent and continuous-flow experiments (CFEs) proved that VLD-PO could effectively remediate the toxic and refractory micropollutants containing water. The study findings can promote the application of PO systems in water treatment for treating organic pollutants.

Facile synthesis of carbon layered TiO2 nanocomposite for high photocatalytic activity

A green synthesis route was designed to develop a visible-light-driven thin carbon layered titanium dioxide (CLT) nanocomposite using ascorbic acid as carbon precursor. The presence of a thin layer of carbon (CLT) on the TiO2 surface was observed from HR-TEM. The thickness of CLT is directly proportional to the concentration of carbon precursor, where this CLT acts a photosensitizer for harvesting the broad band of visible light spectrum. CLT nanocomposite (15.485 m2/g) showed an improved surface area of 1.4 times that of a commercial TiO2 (7.461 m2/g). The photocatalytic activity of CLT nanocomposite was investigated for the volatile organic compound destruction using p-xylene pollutant in a standard ISO photocatalytic oxidation reactor under daylight. The mechanism pathway of CLT nanocomposite was followed by the adsorption of chemical contaminants in the pores of CLT that precisely capture the contaminants capture and destruction on its surface. The electron-hole pair recombination rate of CLT nanocomposite was lower than the pristine TiO2 was evident from photoluminescence spectra. The antibacterial activity of CLT was also studied using E. coli as a model pathogen. This environmentally friendly photocatalyst CLT offers a novel route for good industrial utilization because of its low cost and mass production.

Aluminosilicatehalloysite nanotubes as a tool of modern nanocomposites for food safety

Nanoscale natural clay minerals, which include Si, O, Al, and Mg, are a class of environmentally safe inorganic materials with unique structures and diverse morphologies, including nanorods, nanofibers, and nanotubes. Aluminosilicatehallusite nanotubes (HNTs) are relatively new objects of research in materials science, they have a number of environmental and economic advantages compared to carbon nanotubes (CNTs), as well as fullerene and graphene. Natural halloysites are an order of magnitude cheaper than their synthetic counterparts. The location of halloysite is quite common, for example, in the KryvyiRih region and other places in other countries. Due to their high environmental friendliness and bioavailability, HNTs can be used in medicine, including as drug carriers with controlled release. HNTs can also exhibit (photo) catalytic properties, have high adsorption properties in relation to heavy metals Cu(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Cr(IV) and Co(II) and solutions, containing dyes, pesticides and some other organic pollutants, as well as toxic gases (ammonia, hydrogen sulfide). HNTs in combination with other metals, such as Mn, Ti, acquire various practical applications. HNTs were introduced to ensure better functional photo(electro)catalytic properties of composites that can be a substrate, especially in the case of nanotube oxide decoration. For example, titanium, a white pigment, non-toxic, is included in the list of food additives and is designated as E171. Contained in food products: candies, cookies, cakes, chicken fillet, crab sticks, chewing gum, chocolate products. Although the addition of titanium dioxide in food products is permitted by many official documents, there is insufficient data in the scientific literature regarding the potential danger of titanium dioxide to the human body. Increased interest in TiO 2 is due to its high photocatalytic activity, which allows to realize processes of destruction of organic compounds, including ecotoxicants, into safe products. HNTs, or materials based on them, have found many useful applications in the treatment of drinking water and industrial wastewater. The structural features of HNTs make it possible to obtain new composite materials based on them, such as, for example, imohalite nanotubes (INTs) of a wide functional purpose and to determine the physicochemical patterns of their formation. Therefore, the relevance of the work lies in the combination of hallusite nanotubes and titanium dioxide as composite materials using electrosynthesis, and the analysis of the influence of the phase composition, photocatalytic activity of the composite material on the safety of its practical use, including in the food industry. Key words: aluminosilicates, nanotubes, nanomaterials, inner surface, safety, halluasite, titanium dioxide, composites, nanocomposites, synthesis.

Comparison of Oxidants Used in Advanced Oxidation for Potable Reuse: Non-Target Analysis and Bioassays

Free chlorine (HOCl) and monochloramine (NH2Cl) are less-used oxidants than hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in ultraviolet advanced oxidation processes (UV-AOPs) but have garnered interest from the water reuse industry and scientific community because they can be more cost-effective than H2O2 and provide a protective disinfectant residual. The destruction of organic compounds, creation of UV-AOP byproducts, and change in toxicity during UV-AOP with H2O2, HOCl, NH2Cl, or ambient residual chloramine were evaluated in recycled wastewater by suspect and non-target screening as well as bioanalytical tests (bioassays). Ten compounds were identified in reverse osmosis (RO) permeate via suspect screening with removal near 100% by UV/H2O2 and UV/HOCl, greater than decomposition by UV/NH2Cl and UV/ambient (∼60%), based on suspect screening mass spectrometry peak area. Non-target analysis based on organic features in mixed-mode cation exchange cartridge extracts indicated that UV/H2O2 destroyed a similar or slightly greater fraction of organic compounds, formed fewer transformation products, and reduced the summed peak area of non-target features to the greatest extent. Fewer chlorinated byproducts were produced from the RO permeate treated by UV/H2O2 than exposure to the chlorine-containing oxidants. Addition of NH2Cl to RO permeate resulted in a slight increase in the bioassay oxidative stress response but dropped below the response limit for all samples after UV-AOP for all oxidants.

ВПЛИВ КАВІТАЦІЙНИХ ЯВИЩ НА ПРОЦЕСИ РУЙНУВАННЯ ОРГАНІЧНИХ ТА БІОЛОГІЧНИХ ЗАБРУДНЕНЬ У ВОДІ

The regularities of cavitation treatment of food and chemical industries wastewater from organic and biological contaminants in the presence of gases of different nature were studied. The optimal temperature range 313K - 318 K for cavitation wastewater treatment was established. It is shown that the process of cavitation destruction of organic compounds can be described by a first - order kinetic equation. The efficiency of gas bubbling in the cavitation zone in order to intensify the simultaneous destruction of microbiological and organic contaminants in industrial wastewater was confirmed.

Supercritical Water Oxidation as an Innovative Technology for PFAS Destruction.

Water above 374 °C and 22.1 MPa, becomes supercritical, a special state where organic solubility increases and oxidation processes are accelerated. Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) has been previously shown to destroy hazardous substances such as halogenated compounds. Three separate providers of SCWO technology were contracted to test the efficacy of SCWO systems to reduce per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) concentrations from solutions of dilute aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF). The findings of all three demonstration studies, showed greater than 99% reduction of the total PFAS identified in a targeted-compound analysis, including perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). PFOS was reduced from 26.2 mg/L to 240 μg/L, 30.4 mg/L to 0.310 μg/L, and 190 mg/L to 8.57 μg/L, from the Aquarden, Battelle, and 374Water demonstrations, respectively. Similarly, PFOA was reduced from 930 to 0.14 μg/L, 883 to 0.102 μg/L, and 3,100 μg/L to non-detect in the three evaluations. Additionally, chemical oxygen demand of the dilute AFFF was shown to reduce from 4,750 to 5.17 mg/L after treatment, indicating significant organic compound destruction. In one demonstration, a mass balance of the influent and effluent found that the targeted compounds accounted for only 27% of the generated fluoride, suggesting that more PFAS were destroyed than measured and emphasizing the limitations of targeted analysis alone. As a destructive technology, SCWO may be an alternative to incineration and could be a permanent solution for PFAS-laden wastewaters rather than disposal by injection into a deep-well or landfilling. Additional investigation of reaction by-products remains to be conducted for a complete assessment of SCWO's potential as a safe and effective PFAS treatment technology.

Design of a Small-Scale Supercritical Water Oxidation Reactor. Part I: Experimental Characterization

Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) has been previously studied in the context of the destruction of organic compounds; however, information regarding the practical design and the details about th...

Long term catalytic activity of pyrite in Heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation for the tertiary treatment of dyeing wastewater

The long term catalytic activity of pyrite in advanced oxidation for wastewater treatment is vital for the practical application. In this work, the efficacy of pyrite catalyzed Fenton-like oxidation for tertiary treatment of dyeing wastewater was investigated for a period of two years. The influence of pyrite oxidation and dissolution on the catalytic activity was studied based on surface characterizations and chemistry studies. Experimental results demonstrated that pyrite can effectively catalyze H2O2 to oxidize recalcitrant pollutants in the biological effluent of dyeing wastewater. At initial pH 3–6, H2O2 of 10 mM and pyrite of 24 g L−1, COD and color removals reached 76.67% and 97.09% in 180 min of reaction time. The higher treatment efficacy of pyrite catalyzed Fenton-like oxidation was due to appropriate conversion rate of H2O2 to hydroxyl radicals compared with the classic Fenton oxidation. Heterogeneous catalysis by Fe(II) on the pyrite surface was much more significant than Homogeneous catalysis by dissolved iron ions of pyrite. The latter contributed only 28.25% abatement of COD at pH 3 and can be negligible at wastewater initial pH > 5. The oxidation of pyrite resulted in acidic pH environment for recalcitrant organic compound destruction even if the initial pH of wastewater was 6.5. It was found that the catalytic activity of pyrite can maintain at least two years, as the surface regeneration of pyrite in that period of time occurred spontaneously due to the slow dissolution of oxidation products.

Synthesis of a Fe3O4-rGO-ZnO-catalyzed photo-Fenton system with enhanced photocatalytic performance

In this work, we designed a magnetically-separable Fe3O4-rGO-ZnO ternary catalyst, ZnO anchored on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-wrapped Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, where rGO, as an effective interlayer, can enhance the synergistic effect between ZnO and Fe3O4. The effects of three operational parameters, namely irradiation time, hydrogen peroxide dosage, and the catalyst dosage, on the photo-Fenton degradation of methylene blue and methyl orange were investigated. The results showed that the Fe3O4-rGO-ZnO had great potential for the destruction of organic compounds from wastewater using the Fenton chemical oxidation method at neutral pH. Repeatability of the photocatalytic activity after 5 cycles showed only a tiny drop in the catalytic efficiency.

Thermogravimetric Study of Oxidation Firing of Rhenium- and Osmium-Containing Lead Sludge

Results are provided for thermal and thermogravimetric studies of lead sludge in the presence of and without oxidizing agents in order to determine the thermally active part of the charge composition. It is shown that during oxidation firing of lead sludge the process begins with charge dewatering and organic compound decomposition, and rare metal oxidation commences after complete destruction of organic compounds. Addition of sodium nitrate or calcium hypochlorite oxidizing agents provides complete oxidation of rhenium and osmium in the range of 400–650°C with the subsequent extraction of osmium into sublimate and concentration of rhenium in the form of perrhenate compounds in the ash. In this case decomposition of organic substances proceeds in parallel with oxidation reactions of rare metals without affecting their oxidation.

THERMODYNAMICS OF THE EVOLUTION OF ORGANIC MATTER IN THE CONTEXT OF POLYGENESIS OF FOSSIL HYDROCARBONS

The dominant concepts of organic matter evolution, which are based on various theories – the synthesis of inorganic compounds in the Earth’s asthenosphere, the destruction of organic compounds in the sedimentary layer, and other hybrid and alternative models, are comprehensively considered. A possibility is accessed of using the equilibrium thermodynamics methodology to calculate the change in the composition of the geochemical system under changing geodynamic regimes in a wide range of lithosphere conditions. The main factors that control the kerogen/gas system composition are temperature, pressure, and the initial composition expressed in molar fractions of elements. Some ways to calculate by thermodynamic methods the composition of geochemical systems consisting of organic and inorganic compounds are shown. All methods were divided into two main groups: “stoichiometric”, based on independent chemical reactions in equilibrium, and “non-stoichiometric”, when the calculation is based on the chemical potentials of the components. It is shown that the entropy maximization method is most suitable for estimating the evolution of organic matter in sedimentary rock strata, and the method of independent chemical reaction constants – for calculation within the Earth’s asthenosphere. Both methods are applied to hydrocarbon deposits in the Carpathian oil and gas province. The temperatures and depths of the formation of gases mixture identical in composition to those found in modern deposits are determined. Schematic maps of formation depths on both models are composed and regularities of spatial distribution of depths and temperatures of the formation of deposits in region are established. According to the thermodynamic analysis, the gases component composition of oil and gas fields of the Western oil and gas region of Ukraine indicates both the possibility of biogenic and the probability of abiogenic origin, i.e. the “oil polygenesis”. The consistency of the “oil window” concept with thermodynamic calculations by the method of entropy maximization according to Jaynes’ formalism is shown. It was found that among thermodynamic models for calculating the kerogen/gas geochemical systems composition, the most suitable method is entropy maximization by Jaynes’ formalism, and for determining the composition by abiogenic model of deep genesis – the method of independent chemical reactions constants. It is assumed that the concept of polygenesis of oil and gas equates the views on the genesis of natural hydrocarbons in the bowels of the Earth: abiogenic, abiogenic-biogenic, and biogenic.

Degradation kinetics of target compounds and correlations with spectral indices during UV/H2O2 post-treatment of biologically treated acrylonitrile wastewater.

In this study, the post-treatment of biologically treated acrylonitrile wastewater was investigated during UV/H2O2 process. Five contaminants in the effluent were selected as target compounds, including Furmaronitrile (FMN), 3-Pyridinecarbonitrile (3PCN), 1,3-Dicyanobenzene (1,3-DCB), 5-Methyl-1H-benzotriazole (5MBT), and 7-Azaindole (7AID). Under optimal reaction conditions, the UV/H2O2 post-treatment exhibited good performances in destruction of organic compounds and toxicity. The photo-chemical parameters of the target compounds were measured and it was found that 5MBT and 3PCN had fast degradation rate constants under direct UV photolysis. The second-order rate constants of the target compounds with hydroxyl radicals were determined to be in the range of (1.0-5.0)×109M-1s-1 at pH 3.0 and 25°C. A simplified pseudo-first-order steady state (Sim-PSS) model, which considered direct UV photolysis and radical oxidation simultaneously, agreed well with the experimental data from the post-treatment of a biologically treated effluent. High-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) coupled with diode-array detector (DAD) and fluorescence detector (FLD) analysis revealed that humic-like sub-peak signals from different molecular weights of fluorescent organic matter decreased consistently during the oxidation process, which made humic-like fluorescence exhibit higher correlation with the target compounds' degradation than the spectral indices of UV absorbance at 254nm (UVA254) and protein-like fluorescence.

Oxidative Degradation of Phenol using in situ Generated Hydrogen Peroxide Combined with Fenton’s Process

Oxidative destruction of organic compounds in water streams could significantly reduce environmental effects associated with discharging waste. We report the development of a process to oxidise phenol in aqueous solutions, a model for waste stream contaminants, using Fenton’s reactions combined with in situ synthesised hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Bifunctional palladium-iron supported catalysts, where Pd is responsible for H2O2 synthesis while Fe ensures the production of reactive oxygen species required for the degradation of phenol to less toxic species is reported. A comparison is made between in situ generated and commercial H2O2 and the effect of phenol degradation products on catalyst stability is explored.

Impact of Chloride Ions on UV/H2O2 and UV/Persulfate Advanced Oxidation Processes.

Chloride ion (Cl-) is one of the most common anions in the aqueous environment. A mathematical model was developed to determine and quantify the impact of Cl- on the oxidization rate of organic compounds at the beginning stage of the UV/persulfate (PS) and UV/H2O2 processes. We examined two cases for the UV/PS process: (1) when the target organic compounds react only with sulfate radicals, the ratio of the destruction rate of the target organic compound when Cl- is present to the rate when Cl- is not present (designated as rRCl-/ rR) is no larger than 1.942%; and (2) when the target organic compounds can react with sulfate radicals, hydroxyl radicals and chlorine radicals, rRCl-/ rR, can be no larger than 60%. Hence, Cl- significantly reduces the organic destruction rate in the UV/PS process. In the UV/H2O2 process, we found that Cl- has a negligible effect on the organic-contaminant oxidation rate. Our simulation results agree with the experimental results very well. Accordingly, our mathematical model is a reliable method for determining whether Cl- will adversely impact organic compounds destruction by the UV/PS and UV/H2O2 processes.

Research into effectiveness of cavitation cleaning of wastewater of a fat­and­oil plant from organic and biological contamination in the presence of various gases

The use of cavitation technologies for the processes of cleaning wastewater from a fat-and-oil plant is one of the promising methods for enhancing water quality indicators. The supply of gases of different nature, such as nitrogen, oxygen, air, the mixture of nitrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:1, to the cavitation zone was proposed. The influence of the nature of bubbled gases both under the influence of the US and without it on the change in chemical oxygen demand and microbial number was studied. Effective constants of the rate of destruction of organic compounds and biological contaminants were calculated. It was found that the highest value of effective constant of the rate of water disinfection from MO (5.13∙10 -4 s -1 ) was achieved at nitrogen bubbling. The highest value of water disinfection under cavitation conditions (99.9 %) was achieved in the atmosphere of nitrogen, and the highest value of degree of destruction of organic compounds of 64.3% was achieved at the simultaneous influence of the air and the US. It was determined that the process of destruction of organic contaminants and disinfection of wastewater of the fat-and-oil plant can be described by applying the kinetic equation of the first order. The relative series of influence of the nature of the studied gases on cavitation cleaning of water were established. It was shown that cleaning wastewater of the fat-and-oil plant during simultaneous bubbling of gases in the cavitation field during destruction of organic compounds is by 5–35.7 % and during water disinfection from MO by 1–90.5 % more effective than the influence of the US alone. The use of the proposed cavitation technology for cleaning wastewater of the fat-and-oil plant enables complete water disinfection from harmful MO and simultaneous destruction of organic substances. This makes it possible to eliminate the negative impact of harmful substances, contained in wastewater, for protection of the environment and the water basin of Ukraine.

Bacterial Diversity and Functional Activity of Microbial Communities in Hot Springs of the Baikal Rift Zone

In this study the bacterial diversity of thermophilic microbial mats (40 to 65°C) in three alkaline hot springs of the Baikal Rift Zone (BRZ) was determined through pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene libraries. Significant diversity of bacterial species was found in the biomats of the hot springs with total number of detected phylotypes of 607. The highest share of the microbial community was represented by the phyla Chloroflexi (Seya Spring, 76.4%), Deinococcus-Thermus (Alla Spring, 45.1%), Nitrospira (Alla Spring, 36.1%), Cyanobacteria (Tsenkher Spring, 33.1%), and Proteobacteria (Tsenkher Spring, 22.6%), but their ratio varied significantly in different springs. A comparison of the biodiversity and composition of microbial communities between hot springs showed a decrease in biodiversity with increasing temperature. A large number of sequences showed a low degree of similarity with cultivated representatives in public databases. Microbial communities showed intensive rates of production and destruction of organic compounds, as revealed by the quantitative assessment of their functional activity.

Research of the effects of various gases on cavitation-based removal of organic pollutants from distillery wastewater

The tendency to preserve water resources and rationally use natural waters promotes finding new methods and improving the existing methods of wastewater treatment. Using the phenomenon of cavitation to intensify the treatment processes we have proposed saturating the cavitation zone with various gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and the mixture of nitrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:1. The study focuses on the impact of the nature of bubbled gases, both with ultrasonic treatment and without it, on the changes in the chemical oxygen demand (COD). The calculated effective rate constants for the destruction of organic compounds in distillery wastewater have proved that the highest value of 1.2 10 -4 sec -1 is achieved through bubbling nitrogen in the cavitation zone. The use of nitrogen alone allows reaching the effective rate constant value of 0.7 10 -4 sec -1 vs. 0.2 10 -4 sec -1 in case when ultrasound is used alone. The highest degree of water treatment in cavitation conditions (63 %) is achieved in the presence of nitrogen, and the lowest (38.8 %) – of the mixture of nitrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:1. The differences in the effects of various bubbled gases on distillery wastewater are revealed depending on the electronic excitation energy of water molecules and the formation rates of radicals H and HO that are strong oxidants of the process. It is determined that the destruction of organic impurities in distillery wastewater can be described with the use of the first-order kinetic equation. The research has confirmed the synergistic effect of the joint action of cavitation and nitrogen in the distillery wastewater treatment. The study has determined the relative series of the effects of the nature of certain gases on the cavitation treatment of distillery wastewater and proved that the most effective nitrogen dioxide can increase the degree of the wastewater treatment by 46 % compared to the effect of ultrasound alone. Given the growing problem of inadequate industrial and domestic wastewater treatment, the development of innovative technologies is particularly important. The use of the proposed cavitation technology for the treatment of wastewater from distillery plants can reduce or even completely eliminate the negative impact of contaminants on the environment.

Destruction of organic dyes in aqueous solution by low-temperature plasma jet treatment

A method for the destruction of organic compounds in their aqueous solutions using a plasma jet, generated by a pulse power source, at atmospheric pressure in air has been proposed. The acid–base dyes Phenol Red and Methyl Orange have been used as model compounds. The kinetics of degradation of these compounds and the formation kinetics of some products have been studied.