Bio-organic Fertilizer Research Articles

Potential Novel Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Bio-Organic Fertilizer Production in the Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Malaysia

The present study aimed to characterize the potential plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) based on biochemical tests based on eight bacterial isolates, and to identify potential PGPR based on the 16S rRNA sequencing molecular method. Eight potential PGPR strains (UPMC1166, UPMC1168, UPMC1254, UPMC1376, UPMC1389, UPMC1393, UPMC703 and UPMC704) isolated from the soils in the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) estates across Malaysia were selected because of their most PGPR activities. They were screened for nitrogen fixation, phosphate and potassium solubilization, and production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). All isolates showed the ability to grow between pH 2 to 9 and survive from 2 to 15% (w/v) of the salt medium. Among the isolated PGPRs, four PGPRs (UPMC1166, UPMC1168, UPMC1254 and UPMC1389) showed the ability to fix nitrogen and had the potential to produce IAA. Furthermore, two PGPRs (UPMC1393 and UPMC1376) demonstrated the ability to solubilize phosphate, while three PGPRs (UPMC703, UPMC704, and UPMC1393) showed the ability to solubilize potassium. Therefore, all the above eight PGPR isolates can benefit the oil palm cultivation industry. The molecular identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that UPMC1166 was identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus; UPMC1168 as B. siamensis; UPMC1254 as B. subtilis; UPMC1389 as B. albus; UPMC1376 as Lactobacillus plantarum; UPMC1393 as B. marisflavi; UPMC703 as Burkhoderiaanthina and UPMC704 as B. metallica. These novel strains can be further investigated for their viability and effectiveness for bio-organic fertilizer production and application in the immature stage of oil palm growth.

Effect of long-term application of bioorganic fertilizer on the soil property and bacteria in rice paddy

The application of novel bioorganic fertilizer (BIO) has been established as a weed biocontrol strategy, and reduce herbicides pollution and negatively effects on agricultural ecosystems. However, its long-term influences on soil bacterial communities are unknown. Here, 16 S rRNA sequencing to identify the changes that occur in soil bacterial community and enzyme under BIO treatments after five years in a field experiment. BIO application effectively controlled weeds, however no obvious differences between treatments were observed under BIO-50, BIO-100, BIO-200 and BIO-400 treatment. Anaeromyxobacter and Clostridium_ sensu_ stricto_1 were the two dominant genera among BIO-treated soil samples. The BIO-800 treatment had a slight influence on the species diversity index, which was more remarkable after five years. The seven significantly-different genera between BIO-800 treatment and untreated soils included C._sensu_stricto_1, Syntrophorhabdus, Candidatus_Koribacter, Rhodanobacter, Bryobacter, Haliangium, Anaeromyxobacter. In addition, BIO application had different effects on soil enzymatic activities and chemical properties. The extractable P and pH saliency correlated with Haliangium and C._Koribacter, and C._sensu_stricto_1 observably correlated with exchangeable K, hydrolytic N and organic matter. Taken together, our data suggest that BIO application effectively controlled weeds and a slight influence on soil bacterial communities and enzymes. These findings expand our knowledge of the application of BIO as widely used as a sustainable weed control in rice paddy.

Adaptation of Some Varieties of Rice (Oryza sativa l.) with a Liquid Bioorganic Fertilizer (Pomi) in the Acid Soil

The aims of the study were to obtain appropriate doses of bioorganic fertilizers (POMI) for the growth and production of several rice varieties and to obtain superior rice varieties that are adaptive to acid soils. The research was conducted in Mariah Bandar Village, Pematang Bandar District. The experimental design used was a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was a variety consisting of 3 varieties, namely Inpago 12 Agritan (V1), Galur Nusantara (V2), Inpago Unsoed (V3). The second factor was the dose of bioorganic fertilizer 5 ml, 10 ml and 15 ml/plot with a plot size of 1x 2m. Parameters observed were plant height (cm), number of productive tillers, panicle length (cm), grain weight/clump (g) and grain weight/plot (kg). The results showed that the Inpago Unsoed variety and the Nusantara line were adaptive varieties to acid soils and the application of bioorganic plus fertilizer (Pomi) at a dose of 75 liters/ha or 15 ml/plot

Response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to combined application of organic compost along with plant growth promoting Aspergillus fungi

Bio-organic fertilizers can improve soil health and maintain microbial activity. The application of Aspergillus spp. can degrade organic matter, promote plant growth, and improve soil health by accelerating soil nutrients and biological activity. Previously, Aspergillus spp. has shown potential in phosphate solubilization and siderophore production. Still, a study gap remains, and focus has been placed on clarifying the impact of Aspergillus sp. AS2022 on soil microbial biomass and soil nutrient acceleration. For this purpose, a pot experiment was established with four different treatments: cow compost (CC), cow compost + AS2022 (CA), AS2022 (AS) strain only and control-only soil (CK). The amount of cow compost used was 180 mg N kg-1. Results revealed that inoculation of AS2022 with cow compost stimulated nitrogen mineralization and enhanced available nitrogen and accelerated the soil enzyme activities, which proposed that it could contribute to wheat crop production through the initial and later phases of plant growth. Although a single application of AS2022 enhances plant growth compared to the control, it might be the release of secondary metabolites. However, our short-term findings showed that the combined application of beneficial fungal strain AS2022 along cow compost was suitable culture for wheat crop production and improvement of soil quality through organic matter degradation and accelerating soil nutrients.

Role of potash fertilization through organic and inorganic sources on growth and yield of turmeric

Aim: To investigate the possibility of substitution of inorganic inputs through organics and to evaluate the effects of bioorganic inputs on microbial population of soil. Methodology: A field experiment of RBD with 13 treatments and 3 replication using combination of organic manures viz., compost/vermicompost, potassic mobilising inoculants along with graded (100, 75 and 50%) levels of inorganic potassium were tried for partial substitution of inorganic potassium with organic source in turmeric cv. Suguna. Results: Considering the yield, the vermicompost + inorganic K (100%) + K mobiliser (32.35 t ha-1) was the best treatment, followed by Compost + K 100% + KM (31.13 t ha-1). Interpretation: These results indicate that soils were less fertile due to deficit in soil nutrients. Recommended doses of organic bio-fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer should be practiced for reclamation of soil status. Application of potassic mobilizer as biofertilizer in turmeric can reduce the application of inorganic potassium and support eco-friendly crop production. Key words: Compost, Curcuma longa, Organic manures, Potassic mobilizer, Turmeric, Vermicompost

Characterization and classification of soils of Malli-1 micro-watershed of Yedrami taluka, Kalaburagi district, Karnataka

Aim: To evaluate the soils of Malli-1 micro watershed situated in the North-Eastern Dry Zone (Zone-2) of Karnataka for sustainable crop development. Methodology: Eight soil profiles covering all soil types occurred in the study area were selected and studied for their detailed morphological, physical and chemical properties using standard soil testing procedures. Results: Soils of Malli-1 microwatershed varied from clay to clay loam in texture, moderately to strongly alkaline in reaction with low salt content and low to medium in per cent organic carbon content. Calcium and magnesium were the prevailing cations followed by sodium and potassium. Soils were classified upto the series level as per revisions in Soil Taxonomy by utilizing soil characteristics. Majority of soils in study area represents the Vertisols, Inceptisols and Entisols order. Interpretation: These results indicate that soils were less fertile due to deficit in soil nutrients. Recommended doses of organic bio-fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer should be practiced for reclamation of soil status. Key words: Electro chemical stability index, microwatershed, Soil resources, Soil survey

ISOLASI, ENUMERASI, DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT (BPF) INDIGENUS TANAH DESA KEBUNAN SUMENEP SEBAGAI AGEN PUPUK HAYATI ORGANIK

Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) are known that have important role to improve plant phosphate uptake as biofertilizer. These Microorganism hold potential to promote organic agriculture as eco friendly and efficiency. This study aims to isolate, enumerate and characterize indigenous PSB from Kebunan Village soil as the organic biofertilizer agent. Isolation and enumeration were carried out using the spread plate method on PCA media for enumeration of the total bacteria and Pikovskaya media (PKV) and NBRIP for BPF selection and enumeration. characterization includes observing the morphological colonies and cells. These experimental studies found that the soil pH was 6.5, the temperature range was 28-35 °C, the total P content was from 0.59 to 1.09 and the dissolved phosphate content sequentially from the smallest is 0.53 (KB2), 29.41 (KB1), 60.45 (KB3). The total abundance of bacteria at 3 different locations showed variations between 1.97 x 106 to 287 x 106. The highest abundance of BPF reached 5.45 x 106 cfu/g was in the watershed which had the lowest available P content. Total 7 isolates of BPF were successfully isolated and characterized with different colony characters and cell shapes. The selected BPF isolates were dominated by Gram-positive bacilli.

Influence of biofertilizer produced using drumstick (Moringa oleifera L.) unused parts on the growth performance of two leafy vegetables

The non-edible parts of Moringa oleifera, such as stems, branches or leaf petioles, have often been discarded while the leaves are consumed as a vegetable or are used to produce organic fertilizer. This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for producing Moringa organic fertilizer (MOF) from previously unused parts and to compare these fertilizers with cow manure and bio-organic fertilizer. Seventy kilograms of the unused Moringa parts were blended with fifty kilograms of manure, 0.2 kilogram of Trichoderma-based product and two kilograms of superphosphate. The mixture was incubated at different intervals, including 5, 7 or 9 weeks. Next, the effects of MOF on the growth, yield, ascorbic acid content and Brix of lettuce and mustard spinach were also determined and compared with other organic fertilizers (cow manure and bio-organic fertilizer). Results of the study revealed that 25 tons per ha of MOF were significantly superior to those treated with cow manure and bio-organic fertilizer in the case of vegetable yields. Further, 7 weeks of MOF incubation was found suitable to produce an optimal yield during the various incubation period. These results suggested that the Moringa non-edible parts can make organic fertilizer and enhance growth, yield, and leafy vegetable production.

Synergistic mechanisms of bioorganic fertilizer and AMF driving rhizosphere bacterial community to improve phytoremediation efficiency of multiple HMs-contaminated saline soil

The addition of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) or bioorganic fertilizer (BOF) alone has been reported to enhance plant tolerance to heavy metals and salt stress and promote plant growth, while their synergistic effects on plant growth and rhizosphere microorganism are largely unknown. This study explored the effects of AMF (Rhizophagus intraradices), BOF and BOF + RI assisted phytoremediation on heavy metals contaminated saline soil improvement and revealed the microbial mechanism. For this purpose, a pot trial consisting of four treatments (CK, RI, BOF and BOF + RI) was carried out. The results showed that the biomass, nutrient element contents, the accumulation of heavy metals and Na of Astragalus adsurgens and soil properties were most significantly improved by BOF + RI. BOF + RI significantly impacted rhizosphere microbial diversity, abundance and community composition. Chloroflexi and Patescibacteria at the phylum level and Actinomadura, Iamia, and Desulfosporosinus at the genus level were significantly enriched in BOF + RI. Network analysis revealed that BOF + RI significantly changed the keystone and enhanced complexity and interaction. Most of the keystones had roles in promoting plant growth and stress resistance. This study suggested that phytoremediation assisted by BOF and AMF is an attractive approach to ameliorate heavy metals contaminated saline soil.

Effects of Five–Year Inorganic and Organic Fertilization on Soil Phosphorus Availability and Phosphorus Resupply for Plant P Uptake during Maize Growth

A better understanding of the P dynamic resupply roles of fertilization from soil solids to solution is urgently required to optimize sustainable P fertilizer management practices for efficient supply. A five–year fertilization experiment was used to investigate the effects on soil P fractions and availability, the kinetic P resupply based on a novel simulation technique (Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and DGT–induced fluxes in sediments and soils (DIFS) ) and to identify dominant factors during the maize season under five treatments (no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer (NPK), chemical fertilizer combined with bone meal fertilizer (NPKC), crop straw (NPKS) and bioorganic fertilizer (NPKM)). The results showed that the NPKC and NPKM treatments had higher enhancement effects on Olsen–P and organic P and inorganic Ca2–P, Ca8–P, Al–P and Fe–P at maize growth stages, and they buffered pH decrease to delay the substantial Fe–P and Al–P release until a late stage. Inorganic Ca2–P, Ca8–P, Al–P and Fe–P heavily effected the Olsen–P levels. The NPKS, NPKC and NPKM treatments yielded higher CDGT–P levels and a stronger resupply capacity, reflected by higher R and CE/Csoln and smaller Tc values. The simulation and path model results revealed that the maize plant P uptake was determined by soil P resupply and an inorganic P supply pool. They were positively dominated by soil organic matter (SOM). Our results suggested that organic fertilization, especially NPKC and NPKM treatments, provided greater enhancement effects on the P supply pool and P resupply for higher plant P uptake, identifying them as highly effective P management practices for developing sustainable agriculture.

Bio-organic fertilizer promoted phytoremediation using native plant leymus chinensis in heavy Metal(loid)s contaminated saline soil

Heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) contaminated saline soil appeared around the world, however, remediation regarding these collected from field conditions remains unknown. Native plants cultivation and bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) application were two efficient tools for soil amelioration. Herein, a pot experiment was conducted to examine the feasibility of a native plant (Leymus chinensis) for phytoremediation, and investigate the impacts of lignite based bio-organic fertilizer (LBOF) and manure based bio-organic fertilizer (MBOF) on phytoremediation of the soil contaminated by Pb, Cd, As, Zn, Cu, Ca2+, and SO42−. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of L. chinensis and highlighted the positive impacts of BOF according to the improved plant growth, HMs phytostabilization, salt removal, and soil properties. LBOF and MBOF changed soil microbiome to assist phytoremediation in addition to physiological modulation. Having enhanced fungal and bacterial richness respectively, LBOF and MBOF recruited various plant growth promoting rhizobacteria with different functions, and shifted microbial co-occurrence networks and keystone taxa towards these different but beneficial forms. Structural equation models comprehensively reveled the strategy discrepancy of LBOF and MBOF to regulate the plant biomass, HMs uptake, and soil salt. In summary, L. chinensis coupled with BOF, especially LBOF, was a effective strategy to remediate HMs contaminated saline soil.

Solid-state bioconversion of organic wastes into compost as bio-organic fertilizer by screened fungal isolates and its performance in agronomic usage

Solid-state bioconversion of organic wastes into compost as bio-organic fertilizer by screened fungal isolates and its performance in agronomic usage

Lignite bioorganic fertilizer enhanced microbial co-occurrence network stability and plant–microbe interactions in saline-sodic soil

Lignite-converted bioorganic fertilizer substantially improves soil physiochemical properties, but little is known about how lignite bioorganic fertilizer (LBF) affects soil microbial communities and how the changed microbial communities impact their stability, functions, and crop growth in saline-sodic soil. Therefore, a two-year field experiment was conducted in saline-sodic soil in the upper Yellow River basin, Northwest China. Three treatments, i.e., the control treatment without organic fertilizer (CK), the farmyard manure treatment (FYM) amended with 21 t ha−1 (same as local farmers) sheep manure, and the LBF treatment amended with the optimal rate of LBF (3.0 and 4.5 t ha−1), were designed in this study. The results showed that after two years of application of LBF and FYM, the percentage of aggregate destruction (PAD) was significantly reduced by 14.4 % and 9.4 %, respectively, while the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) was obviously increased by 114.4 % and 99.7 %, respectively. The LBF treatment significantly increased the contributions of nestedness to total dissimilarity by 101.4 % and 156.2 % in bacterial and fungal communities, respectively. LBF contributed to the shift from stochasticity to variable selection in the assembly of the fungal community. The LBF treatment enriched the bacterial classes of Gammaproteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Methylomirabilia and fungal classes of Glomeromycetes and GS13, which were mainly driven by PAD and Ks. Additionally, the LBF treatment significantly increased the robustness and positive cohesions and decreased the vulnerability of the bacterial co-occurrence networks in both 2019 and 2020 in comparison with the CK treatment, indicating that the LBF treatment increased stability of bacterial community. The relative abundance of chemoheterotrophy and arbuscular mycorrhizae in the LBF treatment were 89.6 % and 854.4 % higher than those in the CK treatment, respectively, showing that the LBF enhanced sunflower–microbe interactions. The FYM treatment improved the functions mainly regarding sulfur respiration and hydrocarbon degradation by 309.7 % and 212.8 % in comparison with the CK treatment, respectively. The core rhizomicrobiomes in the LBF treatment showed strong positive connections with the stabilities of both bacterial and fungal co-occurrence networks, as well as the relative abundance and potential functions of chemoheterotrophy and arbuscular mycorrhizae. These factors were also linked to the growth of sunflowers. This study reveals that the LBF improved sunflower growth due to enhance microbial community stability and sunflower–microbe interactions through altering core rhizomicrobiomes in saline-sodic farmland.

Mediating Effect of Bio-Organic Fertilizer on the Physiological Characteristics of “Qi-Nan” Agarwood from Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.)

This study examines the impact of bio-organic fertilizers on the physiological characteristics and leaf nutrient content of “Qi-Nan” agarwood seedlings. The aim is to provide a theoretical foundation for the efficient cultivation of “Qi-Nan”. The experiment was conducted under field conditions using a Randomized complete block design. The control group received no fertilization, while the three fertilizer-treated groups received vermicompost, sheep manure, or microbial organic fertilizer. The results indicate that the application of bio-organic fertilizer significantly promoted the growth of plant height and diameter, increased the contents of soluble proteins, soluble sugar, chlorophyll, and leaf nutrients; and decreased the contents of free proline, peroxidase, malondialdehyde, and other stress indices. Redundancy analysis showed that the main factors affecting the seedlings height and diameter were free proline, chlorophyll, total nitrogen, and total potassium. Principal component analysis and membership function analysis revealed significant variations in growth, physiological characteristics, and nutrient content among the three fertilizer groups and the control group, with vermicompost > microbial organic fertilizer > sheep manure > no fertilization. In conclusion, biological organic fertilizer significantly promotes the growth of “Qi-Nan” seedlings, and vermicompost is the most effective fertilizer in this experiment.

Improvement in yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) with combination treatments of bio-organic fertilizers

Peanut is a plant food with high economic value because of their nutritional content, especially protein, and high fat. The nut land needs from year to year continue to increase in line with the increase in number population, nutritional needs of the community, food diversification, and increasing feed and food industry capacity. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of bio-organic fertilizers in producing local peanuts (Wadaga) from Muna Island, Indonesia. The randomized block design (RBD) was done with 12 bio-organic fertilizer treatments (T1 to T12) based on arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) and cow manure fertilizer (CMF). The variables were viz. pod weight, total pod number, filled pod number, percentage of empty pods, seed number, the weight of 100 seeds, dry seed weight, and productivity were observed. The results of the study showed that the highest average pod weight (55.0 g), total pod number (50.3 pods), filled pod number (46.3 pods), and seed number (84.3 seeds) occurred with the treatment of T8: A2B1 ( AMF 10 g per plant + CMF 3 kg per plot). The highest average productivity was obtained with T3: A0B2 (without AMF + CMF 6 kg per plot) as 3.97 tons ha-1. The use of mycorrhizal fungi combined with organic fertilizers can improve the growth of peanut plants which has a positive impact on their production.

Effect of an Organic Fertilizer of Ganoderma lucidum Residue on the Physical and Chemical Properties and Microbial Communities of Saline Alkaline Soil

Saline-alkali land is the main reserve soil resource. The amount of arable farmland soil can be increased through improvement and utilization of saline-alkali land. Bio-organic fertilizer is an effective saline-alkali soil conditioner, but there are few studies on the improvement of saline-alkali soil with traditional Chinese medicine residues (TCMRs). In this study, an organic fertilizer made from Ganoderma lucidum residue (GLR) was mixed with saline-alkali soil at different proportions; physicochemical properties, enzyme activity, and microbial community characteristics of the soil were investigated. The results showed that the soil pH, as well as bulk density and electrical conductivity were significantly reduced, while the soil moisture content and porosity were significantly increased after the GLR organic fertilizer incorporation. Soil invertase and soil amylase activities significantly increased, as well as the diversity and richness of the soil microbial community structure. The abundance of the dominant phyla, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Basidiomycota, increased, while the abundance of the dominant Proteobacteria and Ascomycota phyla decreased. The best improvement effect is obtained when the application ratio of GLR organic fertilizer is 25%. The findings showed that TCMRs have positive application prospects in saline-alkali soil improvement.

Micro-moistening irrigation combined with bio-organic fertilizer: An adaptive irrigation and fertilization strategy to improve soil environment, edible Rose yield, and nutritional quality

Excessive water and fertilizer management strategy was main factor restricting high-quality production of edible Roses. The objective of this study was therefore to explore a combination of micro-irrigation method and bio-organic fertilizer application amount suitable for high-quality production of edible Roses. A two-year greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effects micro-irrigation method and bio-organic fertilizer application on soil environment, photosynthetic characteristics, yield, and nutritional quality of edible Rose in 2019 and 2020. The experiment treatments consisted of three micro-irrigation methods [micro-sprinkler irrigation (SI), drip irrigation (DI), and micro-moistening irrigation (MI)] and four bio-organic fertilizer supplementation levels (0, 5000, 10000, and 15000 kg ha−1, labeled as BF0, BFL, BFM, and BFH). The results indicated that MIBFM significantly improved soil water content, soil organic matter, pH, and the number of bacteria, fungus, and actinomycetes in the edible Rose field among all treatments. The MIBFM could improve net photosynthetic rate and leaf instantaneous water use efficiency of edible Rose compared with MIBFH. The flower weight, average flower diameter, and edible Rose yield were larger in MIBFM than those of MIBFH in 2019 and 2020. The MIBFM improved total sugar, flavonoids, vitamin C, and total amino acids of edible Rose compared with MIBFH. According to analyzing the relationships between photosynthesis, soil environment, flower yield, and quality among all treatments, we found MIBFM promoted edible Rose production by improving soil environment. The membership function method was used to comprehensively evaluate the nutritional quality of edible Roses, we recommended that the combination of micro-moistening irrigation (MI) combined with bio-organic fertilizer application amount (10000 kg ha−1) (BFM) would be an adaptive irrigation and fertilization management strategy for improving soil environment and edible Rose production in Southwest China.

Evaluation the effect of manufactured bio-organic fertilizer on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth

Evaluation the effect of manufactured bio-organic fertilizer on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth

EVALUATION OF THE AQUACROP MODEL PERFORMANCE AND THE IMPACT OF FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGES ON POTATO PRODUCTION UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of surface sprinkler and drip irrigation systems using a model AquaCrop, irrigation intervals, bio-organic fertilizers and polymers in desert soils. Two field experiments were conducted during the spring season 2020 at Karbala governorate. The experiment included three factors: 1-Irrigation system surface drip T1 and sprinkler T2, 2- The Irrigation interval: every 2 days I1, 4 days I2 and 6 days I3, 3- Addition of soil conditioners: control without any addition C, bio-organic fertilizers (seek) B, polymer (zeba) P, and polymer+ bio-organic fertilizers P+B. The experiment was designed according to the nested design with three replicates results of regional climate models and AquaCrop model. The results showed that there was an increase in the amount of annual precipitation and seasonal during the periods (2016-2035) and (2046-2065) under RCP4.5 scenario, compared to the base period (1985-2005). With an increase in the amount of annual precipitation and seasonal during the period at scenario RCP8.5 with a slight decrease during the period (2046-2065) compared to the base period. Moreover, an increase in the maximum and minimum temperatures according to scenario RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenario during the period (2016-2035) and (2046-2065) compared to the base period. The expected productivity using the AquaCrop, as R2 was 0.85 and 0.81 for twelve years, under surface drip irrigation systems and sprinkler, respectively. The correlation coefficient (r) was 0.95 and 0.90, the root means square error (RMSE) 2.43 and 2.19, and the efficiency coefficient 0.66 and 0.42 for the surface drip and sprinkler systems, respectively. Finally, the increase in water productivity and productivity in the scenario RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 for the treatment of BP and the irrigation interval I1and treatment C and the irrigation interval I3 when comparing the base period with the periods (2016-2035) and (2046-2065) For surface drip irrigation systems and sprinkler.

The Effectiveness of Bio-Organic Fertilizers and Bioinsecticides on Potatoes in the Conditions of South-East Kazakhstan

Annals of Chemical Science Research The Effectiveness of Bio-Organic Fertilizers and Bioinsecticides on Potatoes in the Conditions of South-East Kazakhstan Аitbaev ТЕ1*, Budanov NW2 and Kairekenova BS1 1LLP “Kazakh Research Institute of Fruit and Vegetable Growing”, Republic of Kazakhstan 2Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Republic of Kazakhstan *Corresponding author:Аitbaev ТЕ, LLP “Kazakh Research Institute of Fruit and Vegetable Growing”, Gagarin Avenue, 238/5, Almaty City , Republic of Kazakhstan Submission: February 10, 2023;Published: February 17, 2023 DOI: 10.31031/ACSR.2023.03.000569 Volume3 Issue4February , 2023