Ordnance Survey Maps Research Articles

Ordnance Survey Map of Monastic Britain: Third Edition

Ordnance Survey Map of Monastic Britain: Third Edition

The Old Series Ordnance Survey Maps of England and Wales Scale 1 Inch to 1 Mile: A Reproduction of the 110 Sheets of the Survey in Early State in 10 Volumes. Volume 2: Devon, Cornwall, and West Somerset

The Old Series Ordnance Survey Maps of England and Wales Scale 1 Inch to 1 Mile: A Reproduction of the 110 Sheets of the Survey in Early State in 10 Volumes. Volume 2: Devon, Cornwall, and West Somerset

The Lincolnshire Car Dyke: Navigation or Drainage?

Most writers have seen the Car Dyke as a navigable Roman canal, connecting the fenlands of Cambridgeshire and Lincolnshire with the major Roman markets of Lincoln and York. Its course is shown on the Ordnance Survey Map of Roman Britain as running from Waterbeach on the Cam to Washingborough, a few miles below Lincoln, on the Witham, and many, following Stukeley, have seen it as supplying the northern markets with the agricultural produce of the Roman fenland. The importance of cereals in this trade has indeed been questioned, but the general theory has persisted.In order to assess the validity of the theory, and to establish the purpose of the work and the date and method of its construction, the northern half of the Dyke, from the Witham to Bourne, a distance of about 36 miles (57-6 km), has been studied over a period of some 10 years. This paper summarizes the findings to date. It is, of course, realized that all the conclusions reached here do not necessarily apply equally to the southern end.

Conservation of amenity trees in the Lothian Region of Scotland

Amenity trees, defined as all trees excluding those in Forestry Commission and grant-aided woodlands, worked coppice, commercial orchards and hardy-stock nurseries, were surveyed in the Lothian Region between 1972 and 1975. The Region ( c. 188,000 ha or 1,877 km 2) was stratified into three land categories-(i) burghs (Scottish equivalent of English boroughs), (ii) lowland rural and (iii) upland rural, parts of at least 10% of the 1 km squares ( vide Ordnance Survey maps) of each land category being surveyed; the surveyed squares were selected randomly. Numbers of trees per ha ranged from 59 in burghs to 43 and 24 in lowland and upland (above 150m) rural areas respectively. In total there were 6·7 ± 1·9 million amenity trees in the Region divided as follows: 1·4 ± 0·4, 3·2 ± 0·9 and 2·1 ± 0·6 millions between the burghs and lowland and upland rural areas respectively; c. 1·0 m of the 1·4 million trees in burghs were located in Edinburgh. Approximately 70% of trees were deciduous with a larger proportion of conifers in upland areas than elsewhere; sycamore ( Acer pseudoplatanus L.), hawthorn ( Crataegus spp.) and Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) were the commonest of 76 species or generic groupings recorded, accounting for 11·6, 11·1 and 10·5% respectively of the regional total. Birch ( Betula spp.) was the commonest deciduous tree in upland areas where ash ( Fraxinus excelsior L.) and beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) were more abundant than sycamore. In the burghs wych elm ( Ulmus glabra Huds.) was more numerous than hawthorn and less than sycamore. Trees in Edinburgh differed greatly from those in the smaller towns (burghs) with more rural atmospheres, where sycamore, wych elm, hawthorn, elder and birch contrasted with apple, lilac, flowering cherry, sycamore and rowan occurring abundantly in Edinburgh. Excluding Edinburgh, over 50% of the Region's trees were identified in broadleaved (26·7%), coniferous (21·4%) and mixed (13·6%) woodlands, with 12·0% and 8·1% occurring in shelterbelts and hedgerows respectively; gardens and parks, of all sorts, only accounted for 4·5% and 1·1% respectively. Size class distribution ssuggest that there are sufficient developing saplings to maintain the existing number of mature trees but that wych elm ( Ulmus glabra Huds.), unless devastated by Dutch elm disease, sycamore and ash are likely to increase at the expense of oak ( Quercus spp.), lime ( Tilia spp.), Scots pine and beech. In some situations, however, the resourse seems to be seriously deficient in saplings, e.g. oaks in parks.

The Old Series Ordnance Survey Maps of England and Wales Scale 1 Inch to 1 Mile: A Reproduction of the 110 Sheets of the Survey in Early State in 10 Volumes

The Old Series Ordnance Survey Maps of England and Wales Scale 1 Inch to 1 Mile: A Reproduction of the 110 Sheets of the Survey in Early State in 10 Volumes

‘As to its position in respect to the heavens’

'As to its Position in respect to the Heavens' is a phrase culled from the first page of Herman Moll's A new description of England and Wales which was published in London in the year 1724. It refers to the fixing of positions of places on the surface of the earth by the spherical coordinates of latitude and longitude, these being determined by observations taken of heavenly bodies. The sentence which contains the phrase, goes on to inform the reader how 'many accurate Observations of later years have been made. Mr. Gascoigne, who survey'd Cornwall, and is a Gentleman of distinguished Ability, in the Art of Surveying, has justly fix'd the Lizard Point, or most Southerly Parts of England . . .' Joel Gascoyne published his map of the County of Cornwall in i699; it has been described as a pioneer effort in terms of scale and content.2 Was it equally 'pioneer' as to 'Position in respect to the Heavens'? It seems timely not only to attempt to answer this question but also to review the historical progress made in Britain in this important field of endeavour, and indeed to assess how accurate were the 'many accurate Observations of later years' which so impressed Herman Moll. In order to introduce a comparative as well as a sequential approach, all the geographical co-ordinates from several maps and lists have been subjected to the same processing techniques. From the maps the values have been read off, as accurately as possible, by a variety of romers and measuring devices.3 All the values from the maps and lists were then punched on to cards and fed into the computer program which converted them into Transverse Mercator, National Grid References. The print-out was arranged for ease of plotting in the form Latitude Longitude Place-name Easting Northing. Modern Ordnance Survey maps of Great Britain on scales of i: i,250,000 and i: 250,000 have been used as a plotting series, and the old and the new positions have been joined by ordinates where latitudes only were available, or for particular comparisons (see Figs. 5 and 6), by vectors where latitudes were accompanied by longitudes. All longitudes have been evaluated with reference to a meridian through Greenwich. The discovery that the earth was spherical and that location on its surface could be referred to the intersections of a series of small circles parallel to the equator and another series of great circles at right angles to them passing through the poles of the sphere's axis had been made before ancient Greek geography reached its zenith and found immortal expression in monumental work of compilation undertaken by Claudius Ptolemy, fl. A.D. 127-I50. The Greeks and Romans lacked the angleand time-measuring instruments necessary to make good observations for latitude, and longitude fared even worse, not only for the same reason but also for the lack of a natural fixed great circle to designate as zero. Nevertheless, in order to provide a base-line from which to start, a reference point for later comparisons, and an early opportunity to familiarize the reader with a display of the technique when large errors occur, Ptolemy's values have been plotted on Figure i by means of dots: the arrow-heads touch the modern determinations and the lines therefore indicate by means of vectors the errors both in distance and direction. After the death of Ptolemy and the disintegration of the Roman system of administration, geographical horizons, which had been widened both physically and intellectually, closed in again. A thousand years or so were destined to pass before an awakening of interest in such geographical subjects was again clearly discernible in Western Europe. After that of Ptolemy, the earliest yet known map of Britain to be constructed with marginal graduations for latitude and longitude, the Angliae Figurae, was drawn some time between I53 and 1546.4 By this

ORDNANCE SURVEY 1:50 000 MAP SERIES OF GREAT BRITAIN

The opposite page carries a specimen of the Ordnance Survey map at 1:50 000 scale, the first 103 sheets of which, covering all of Wales and England south of a Morecambe–Bridlington line were published in 1974. Of these 103 sheets, three—Nos. 115 (from which this extract has been taken), 176 and 177 were published from the outset in the Second Series style. The remaining 101 sheets will be published in 1976 and of these nearly 50 will be in the Second Series style initially.

The Mythic Appeal of Lorna Doone

S INCE THE EIGHTEEN-SEVENTIES, when the first Victorian tourists trudged along Bagworthy Water in search of the Doone Valley, the appeal of Lorna Doone has been firmly rooted in the soil of Exmoor.' R. D. Blackmore's imagined world grew so real that by 1889 the Doone Valley appeared on the Ordnance Survey maps, though many readers have long since challenged the accuracy of its official location. The issue became especially vexed during the centennial of Lorna Doone in 1969 when Sir Athol Oakeley tried to persuade the map makers that the real Doone Valley was not Hoccombe Combe but Lank Combe, roughly a half mile to the north.2 The romance gave a local habitation to shadowy figures of West Country history and legend; and the countryside, wonderful in itself, received the aura of a mythic landscape. For many readers, Lorna Doone, Carver, and John Ridd are presences on Exmoor, much as Tess or Diggory Venn are in Hardy's Wessex, or as the French Lieutenant's Woman is now in Lyme Regis. The concern of Blackmore's readers with finding the true Doone Valley, the waterslide, and the site of Plover's Barrows is a sign of the characters' life within the imagination. They are the spirits of a place, and the mind seeks the place that matches their reality. But their appeal is wider than Devon and Somerset and deeper than local history and legend. Lorna, John, and Carver live in the imagination partly because they are caught in a struggle of large

MEDEDELINGEN / ANNOUNCEMENT

Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale GeografieVolume 64, Issue 5 p. 270-271 MEDEDELINGEN / ANNOUNCEMENT A REPRINT OF THE FIRST DUTCH ORDNANCE SURVEY MAP (1850–1864) * , Committee for the Reprint of the Topographic and Military MapSearch for more papers by this author , Committee for the Reprint of the Topographic and Military MapSearch for more papers by this author First published: January 1973 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9663.1973.tb00096.x *Earlier this communication was published in Dutch by the Geografisch Tijdschrift, vol. 7 (1973) Nr. 5. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume64, Issue5January 1973Pages 270-271 RelatedInformation

The Ordnance Survey Map Users' Conference 1971

The Ordnance Survey Map Users' Conference 1971

The Ordnance Survey Map Users' Conference 1971

The Ordnance Survey Map Users' Conference 1971

Eighteenth-Century Cultural Process in Delaware Valley Folk Building

Previous articleNext article No AccessEighteenth-Century Cultural Process in Delaware Valley Folk BuildingHenry GlassieHenry Glassie Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Winterthur Portfolio Volume 71972 Published for the Henry Francis du Pont Winterthur Museum, Inc. Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/495804 Views: 18Total views on this site Citations: 9Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1972 The Henry Francis du Pont Winterthur MuseumPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Brian D. Crane Language, Church, Material Culture, and Identity among Eighteenth-Century Swedish Descendant Communities in the Delaware Valley Region, Historical Archaeology 56, no.11 (Nov 2021): 104–130.https://doi.org/10.1007/s41636-021-00312-5Meghann E. Jack An Architecture of Closeness: The Ross Family Double Farmhouse in St. Mary’s, Nova Scotia, Material Culture Review 90-91 (Apr 2021): 59–89.https://doi.org/10.7202/1076798arRichard MacKinnon Heritage Conservation, UNESCO and Intangible Cultural Heritage in Eastern Canada, Ethnologies 36, no.1-21-2 (Oct 2016): 383–403.https://doi.org/10.7202/1037614arFredrik Ekengren Materialities on the Move: Identity and Material Culture Among the Forest Finns in Seventeenth-Century Sweden and America, (Jan 2013): 147–165.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6202-6_9Angèle Smith Mapped Landscapes: The Politics of Metaphor, Knowledge, and Representation on Nineteenth-Century Irish Ordnance Survey Maps, Historical Archaeology 41, no.11 (Oct 2016): 81–91.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03376995Bradford Botwick, Debra A. McClane Landscapes of Resistance: A View of the Nineteenth-Century Chesapeake Bay Oyster Fishery, Historical Archaeology 39, no.33 (Oct 2016): 94–112.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03376696 William Chapman Irreconcilable Differences: Urban Residences in the Danish West Indies, 1700-1900, Winterthur Portfolio 30, no.2/32/3 (Oct 2015): 129–172.https://doi.org/10.1086/wp.30.2_3.4618498 Dell Upton Vernacular Domestic Architecture in Eighteenth-Century Virginia, Winterthur Portfolio 17, no.2/32/3 (Oct 2015): 95–119.https://doi.org/10.1086/496075Bushman Richard L. Family Security in the Transition From Farm To City, 1750-1850, Journal of Family History 6, no.33 (Sep 1981): 238–256.https://doi.org/10.1177/036319908100600301

Place-Names on the Early Ordnance Survey Maps of England and Wales

AbstractA reconstruction is made of the methods by which the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain pioneered a system for establishing the place-name nomenclature on its maps in the nineteenth century. Until 1820 there was little to differentiate the practice of the Survey from that of earlier cartographers but, thereafter, official surveyors were encouraged to consult a wide range of written and oral authorities and were instructed to record their findings in special name books. By the mid-nineteenth century the essentials of the modern system had been laid down and many thousands of local names published in map form for the first time.This paper was read in a shorter form to the annual symposium of the Society in September 1970, at the University of Bristol.

Place-Names on the Early Ordnance Survey Maps of England and Wales

Place-Names on the Early Ordnance Survey Maps of England and Wales

The British Ordnance Department and the advancement of geographic science

Among cartographers the importance of Ordnance Survey maps is established and something of the history of their origin has been noted.1 Yet they were the product of a British military department about which little has been written and which made other contributions to geographic science as well.2 Between 1783 and 1855 the British Ordnance Department mapped the United Kingdom, surveyed boundaries between the United States and Canada, aided land surveys in the Australian colonies, conducted meteorological observations, and participated in a range of similar duties of value to civilians. How did all this come about?

The Retail Distribution of Ordnance Survey Maps and Plans in the latter half of the Nineteenth Century—A Map Seller's View

This paper describes the problems faced by map sellers, particularly Stanford's, in the last century in the retail distribution of Ordnance Survey maps and plans.

The Retail Distribution of Ordnance Survey Maps and Plans in the latter half of the Nineteenth Century—A Map Seller's View

This paper describes the problems faced by map sellers, particularly Stanford's, in the last century in the retail distribution of Ordnance Survey maps and plans.

Ordnance Survey Memoir for the Parish of Antrim : a description compiled as part of the field survey for the first edition of the six inch ordnance survey maps, and edited and illustrated by James Boyle of the Ordnance Survey, 1838. With an introduction to the ordnance survey parish memoirs, 1830–40, by Brian Trainor. Pp xlii, 109. Belfast: Northern Ireland

Ordnance Survey Memoir for the Parish of Antrim : a description compiled as part of the field survey for the first edition of the six inch ordnance survey maps, and edited and illustrated by James Boyle of the Ordnance Survey, 1838. With an introduction to the ordnance survey parish memoirs, 1830–40, by Brian Trainor. Pp xlii, 109. Belfast: Northern Ireland Public Record Office. 1969. 25p. - Volume 17 Issue 67

SURVEYING AND HIGHWAY DESIGN

AbstractThe Technical Meeting of the Society, held on 16th December, 1969, took the form of a discussion between members of the Society, the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors and the Institution of Highway Engineers. Several topics of importance to surveying and highway design were considered, including the questions of accuracy, the use of Ordnance Survey maps, checking, height information, specifications and the communication of new ideas and information to engineers, surveyors and photogrammetrists working in this field.

The Use of Watermarks in Dating Old Series One-Inch Ordnance Survey Maps

The Use of Watermarks in Dating Old Series One-Inch Ordnance Survey Maps