Ordinary Picture Research Articles

A Literature Survey on Completely Blind Image Quality Evaluator Feature-Enriched

Existing blind image quality assessment (BIQA) technique in which are principally opinion-aware. They learn deterioration models from training photos with associated human subjective scores to predict the sensory activity quality of take a look at pictures. Such opinion-aware methods, however, need a bulky amount of training example with associated human prejudiced achieve moreover of a variety of deformation category. The BIQA representation find out through opinion-aware strategies typically have weak generalization capability, herewith limiting their usability in observe. By comparison, opinion-unaware strategies don't require human prejudiced achieve for training, and then have superior possible designed for good quality simplification ability. Unluckily, to the present point no opinion-unaware BIQA technique has shown systematically better quality prediction accuracy than the opinion-aware strategies. Here, we tend to aim to develop an opinionunaware BIQA technique that may compete with, and maybe exceed, the present opinion-aware methods. By integration the options of ordinary picture information consequent as of multiple cues, we have an affinity to discover a multivariate Gaussian structure of representation patches from a set of perfect natural pictures. using the learned multivariate Gaussian form, a Bhattacharyya-like distance is employed to measure the standard of every image patch, and then a generally value score is find by average pooling. The projected BIQA technique doesn't want any distorted sample images or subjective class achieve for training, yet extensive experiment show its better quality-prediction presentation to the situation of the art opinion-aware BIQA strategies.

A Literature Survey on Completely Blind Image Quality Evaluator Feature-Enriched

Existing blind image quality assessment (BIQA) technique in which are principally opinion-aware. They learn deterioration models from training photos with associated human subjective scores to predict the sensory activity quality of take a look at pictures. Such opinion-aware methods, however, need a bulky amount of training example with associated human prejudiced achieve moreover of a variety of deformation category. The BIQA representation find out through opinion-aware strategies typically have weak generalization capability, herewith limiting their usability in observe. By comparison, opinion-unaware strategies don't require human prejudiced achieve for training, and then have superior possible designed for good quality simplification ability. Unluckily, to the present point no opinion-unaware BIQA technique has shown systematically better quality prediction accuracy than the opinion-aware strategies. Here, we tend to aim to develop an opinionunaware BIQA technique that may compete with, and maybe exceed, the present opinion-aware methods. By integration the options of ordinary picture information consequent as of multiple cues, we have an affinity to discover a multivariate Gaussian structure of representation patches from a set of perfect natural pictures. using the learned multivariate Gaussian form, a Bhattacharyya-like distance is employed to measure the standard of every image patch, and then a generally value score is find by average pooling. The projected BIQA technique doesn't want any distorted sample images or subjective class achieve for training, yet extensive experiment show its better quality-prediction presentation to the situation of the art opinion-aware BIQA strategies.

Convolution Neural Network Based Prediction for Eye Gaze Estimation

Levels of progress in progress have truly made it possible to get various kinds of biometric information from individuals, enabling bases on assessment of human conditions in cure, auto prospering, advancing, and various zones. These evaluations have particularly featured eye improvement as a convincing marker with respect to human conditions, and assessment on its applications is adequately being pursued. The contraptions as of now for the most part used for assessing eye overhauls rely on the video-oculography (VOG) procedure, wherein the course of look is outlined by managing eye pictures crushed a camera. Applying convolutional neural network (ConvNet) to the getting ready of eye pictures has been seemed to enable exact and unprecedented look assessment. Ordinary picture overseeing, in any case, is begun on execution using a PC, making it difficult to finish consistent look. We hence propose another eye picture overseeing framework that cycles look assessment and event disclosure starting with one fulfillment then onto the accompanying using a self-governing engineered lightweight ConvNet. This paper evaluates the course of action of the proposed lightweight ConvNet, the frameworks for learning and appraisal used, and the proposed methodology's ability to meanwhile see look heading and event occasion using a truly unassuming memory and at lower computational complex nature than standard ways of thinking.

The effectiveness of pop-up book media in learning reading skills of grade 2 elementary school

This quasi-experimental study aims to test the effectiveness of Pop Up Book media in learning reading skills in grade II Elementary School. Randomly class II B was assigned as an experimental class, taking reading lessons using Pop Up Book media, and class II-A, as a control class, participating in reading lessons using ordinary picture media. Data collection techniques use performance tests to assess 6 aspects of reading skills, namely accuracy in voicing writing, pronunciation reasonableness, intonation, fluency, voice clarity, and word understanding. The validity of the test items ranged from 0.65 – to 0.70, with a reliability index of 0.704. The average value of reading skills from the experimental class students' pre-test results was 63.96, and 62.29 in the control class students. From the different test results, the pretest score obtained a t value of 0.887 at sig. 0.380. It can be concluded that there is no difference in reading skills between the two groups before the treatment was carried out. After the learning was carried out, the average post-test scores of the experimental class students were 81.56 and 65.38. control class students. The results of hypothesis testing obtained a value of t 7,252 on s ig. 0.000. It can be concluded that there is a very significant difference in reading skills between the experimental class and the control class. The results of the study concluded that the Pop Up Book media was effective for improving the reading skills of second-grade elementary school students.

Some novel operational laws and spherical fuzzy Choquet‐Frank operators and their application to MCDM

AbstractSome decision‐making problems are required to be analysed using insufficient and vague information under an extended space of fuzziness, considering flexibility in the decision‐making process and the interdependency and interaction between the criteria. To tackle these challenges, a spherical fuzzy set (SFS), which is an extension of the ordinary picture fuzzy set (PFS), can be used to fulfil the requirement of an extended space of fuzziness by quantifying uncertainty. Similarly, the Frank operations can provide flexibility to the decision‐making process due to the involvement of a parameter, whereas the Choquet integral considers all possible interactive characteristics between different criteria. Therefore, this paper integrates these three important concepts to make more sound and realistic decisions by extending the existing arithmetic operation for spherical fuzzy numbers (SFNs) using Frank t‐norm and t‐conorm. In addition, the paper introduces some novel Choquet‐Frank aggregation operators, such as spherical fuzzy Choquet‐Frank averaging (SFCFA) and spherical fuzzy Choquet‐Frank geometric (SFCFG). To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed operators, a multi‐criteria decision making (MCDM) problem related to the selection of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is analysed for the available five options , and . Sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the impact of taking variation in parameter values () on aggregated values. Results confirmed that the best alternatives for SFCFA and SFCFG operators are and , respectively, while is the worst alternative for both these operators. To show the effectiveness of the proposed operators, a comparative analysis has been performed to compare the results obtained from other existing aggregation operators. Results concluded that the findings resemble most of the existing operators which confirms the feasibility of the proposed operators.

Inquiry & Ordinary Truthmakers

Abstract This paper argues that accepting an ordinary approach to truthmakers and rejecting something I call “the metaphysical knowledge assumption” (MKA) allows us to account for inquiry in terms of truthmaking. §1 introduces inquiry and the potential place of truthmakers in inquiry. §2 presents the relevant ordinary notion of truthmakers. §3 presents and motivates MKA. This assumption, I argue (§4), makes a truthmaker-focused account of inquiry whose objects are not the fundamental nature of things impossible and thus should be rejected. The ordinary picture, which understands truthmakers not exclusively in terms of the objects of fundamental reality or of semantics (§5), but in terms of the relevant, intentional objects of inquiry, gives us an attractive, general, truthmaker-based view of inquiry.

The influence of picture book design on visual attention of children with autism: a pilot study

Taking 22 children with mild and moderate autism as subjects and using the TobiiX 120 eye-tracker to record their eye movements in visual search of images in picture books, the characteristics of the process of autistic children viewing picture books were explored. Two measures, fixation counts and gaze duration, were used alongside attention heatmap, to explore the visual patterns among children with autism viewing two types of researcher-made picture books and an ordinary picture book. Using a within-subject design, it was found that children with autism could sustain longer gaze duration and have more fixation points on the effective area of the picture book content when viewing researcher-made picture books than when viewing the ordinary picture book, suggesting better visual attention to single-object and single-pattern picture books. The study offers insights and support for related picture book reading and teaching in the future.

Fruit Maturity Detection Using Matlab Image Processing

The point of this paper is to build up an effective classification approach based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm for early fruit maturity detection. Four fruits; i.e., Banana, Strawberry, grape and cherry were analyzed and a several features were extracted based on the fruit parameters using Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF) Feature extraction algorithm. Gabor wavelet scheme based on SURF knuckle print recognition is used to get the better accuracy of extracted pictures. A preprocessing stage using picture dealing with to set up the fruit product pictures dataset to diminish their shading document is presented. The fruit picture features are then extracted. At long last, the fruit classification process is received utilizing Support Vector Machine (SVM), which is an recently created machine learning algorithm. An ordinary picture dataset was used to obtain the pictures, and all manipulates were provided in a MATLAB domain. Experiments were tried and evaluated using a progression of tests with other fruits pictures. It shows that the name of the fruit alongside the nature of the fruit whether it is ready or not ready one.

MENGEMBANGKAN KECERDASAN LOGIS MATEMATIK PADA ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI METODE CERITA BERGAMBAR MODEL POP UP KELOMPOK B

This research was conducted to find out the differences from the learning methods of ordinary pictorial stories with the pop up models of the more unique and different pop up models, but also through this research it is hoped to provide new experiences for children, bearing in mind that learning is still focused on writing, reading and counting (calistung). This study uses the experimental method because there is a comparison between the control class and the experimental class. The subject and location of the study were group B students. The study population was the B-Saturn group and the B-Uranus group with a sample students, with a total of 28 students. Data collection techniques using pretest and posttest. Pretest technique using ordinary picture stories while in the posttest technique using picture models pop up. Results of Research The average value (mean) in the control class is BB (1.21), MB (0.21), BSB (0.42) and BSH (0.14) while in the experimental class the average value is BB (0.29), MB (0.21) , BSB (0.5) and BSH (0.14). Then it can be concluded that "Hypothesis is accepted", meaning that there is a difference between student learning outcomes to develop mathematical logical intelligence in the pretest and post test. So it can be concluded that there is an influence in "Developing mathematical logical intelligence in early childhood through the method of picture story pop up models in group B"This research was conducted to find out the differences from the learning methods of ordinary pictorial stories with the pop up models of the more unique and different pop up models, but also through this research it is hoped to provide new experiences for children, bearing in mind that learning is still focused on writing, reading and counting (calistung). This study uses the experimental method because there is a comparison between the control class and the experimental class. The subject and location of the study were group B students. The study population was the B-Saturn group and the B-Uranus group with a sample students, with a total of 28 students. Data collection techniques using pretest and posttest. Pretest technique using ordinary picture stories while in the posttest technique using picture models pop up. Results of Research The average value (mean) in the control class is BB (1.21), MB (0.21), BSB (0.42) and BSH (0.14) while in the experimental class the average value is BB (0.29), MB (0.21) , BSB (0.5) and BSH (0.14). Then it can be concluded that "Hypothesis is accepted", meaning that there is a difference between student learning outcomes to develop mathematical logical intelligence in the pretest and post test. So that it can be concluded mathematical logical intelligence by using the pop up model pictorial story method is better than groups that use ordinary learning.

Survey on Reversible Texture Synthesis Techniques

Encryption is the technique by which we can encode the expected snippet of In Advanced Image Steganography the message is covered up in a picture such that the spectators can't figure that it is not an ordinary picture. These days security is an essential issue while transmitting a message. To start with we have scrambled the message to a picture which needs a secret key to be unscrambled. At that point we have shrouded that picture inside another picture by steganography approach. By this two level concealing we can guarantee more grounded security. We propose a novel approach for steganography using a reversible surface union. A surface union process resample's a more diminutive surface picture, which joins another surface picture with an equivalent close-by appearance and a subjective size. We work the surface union process into steganography to cover puzzle messages. Instead of using a present cover picture to cover messages, our figuring covers the source surface picture and embeds riddle messages through the method of surface mix. This empowers us to isolate the puzzle messages and source surface from a stego designed surface. Our approach offers three specific positive conditions. To begin with, our arrangement offers the embedding’s furthest reaches that is in respect to the measure of the stego surface picture. Second, a steganalytic figuring isn't presumably going to vanquish our steganographic approach. Third, the reversible limit gained from our arrangement gives convenience, which grants recovery of the source surface. Trial comes to fruition have affirmed that our proposed estimation can give distinctive amounts of embedding’s limits, make an apparently possible surface pictures, and recover the source surface.

String Art: Towards Computational Fabrication of String Images

AbstractIn this paper we propose a novel method for the automatic computation and digital fabrication of artistic string images. String art is a technique used by artists for the creation of abstracted images which are composed of straight lines of strings tensioned between pins distributed on a frame. Together the strings fuse to a perceptible image. Traditionally, artists craft such images manually in a highly sophisticated and tedious design process. To achieve this goal fully automatically we propose a computational setup driven by a discrete optimization algorithm which takes an ordinary picture as input and converts it into a connected graph of strings that tries to reassemble the input image best possibly. Furthermore, we propose a hardware setup for automatic digital fabrication of these images using an industrial robot that spans the strings. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of our approach by generating and fabricating a set of real string art images.

Dual‐Aspect Monism

AbstractIn this article, I am interested in dual‐aspect monism as a solution to the mind‐body problem. This view is not new, but it is somewhat under‐represented in the contemporary debate, and I would like to help it make its way. Dual‐aspect monism is a parsimonious, elegant and simple view. It avoids problems with “mental causation”. It naturally explains how and why mental states are correlated (and interact) with physical states while avoiding any mysteries concerning the nature of this (cor)relation. It fits well with our ordinary picture of the world, as well as with the scientific picture. It gives its rightful place to the phenomenal, qualitative, subjective character of experience, instead of reducing it or eliminating it. It does not unnecessarily multiply ontological categories. It can come in many versions, and is compatible with other interesting views, such as panpsychism.

The American Nightmare

I saw Crash on a DVD, which I recommend, especially for the extended commentary by the writer-director, Paul Haggis, who wrote Million Dollar Baby and the co-writer Bobby Moresco, and Don Cheadle, who starred in Hotel Rwanda, and plays an L.A. Detective who is investigating an accident in the film. Cheadle said he was struggling not to laugh at some of dialogue which is definitely not PC but real. The dialogue between Larenz Tate and Chris “Ludacris” Bridge is like a running commentary of two hip-hop stand up comics. Humor is the great equalizer providing some relief to this very edgy production. Crash is a complicated film about power and race relations in L.A. The opening scenes are hypnotic. It is pitch black and the car headlights are white and yellow, dramatizing the color contrasts with the stunning cinematography of J. Michael Muro and creating an atmosphere where anything can happen. The use of filters, shooting into the sun, using slow motion to accentuate the terror of racism and exploitation is superb. The urban sprawl of car-dependant Los Angelinos, with drivers secluded in their own socio-economic sphere, does have its irony, sometimes comical and other times terrifying. “In L.A. no one touches you. We missed that so much that we crash into each other,” says Cheadle’s character. The script confronts the prejudice and nastiness of racism in all of its forms. Everyone is racist. Far from being a polemic, the film is not your ordinary action picture. It is hard to pin it down to a genre. There are various labels that could apply; it is a morality play, fable, nightmare, and tragic comedy. To me the key element in this film is that it defies stereotyping which is at the heart of prejudice. Via interlocking stories it highlights the soul searching and spiritual wasteland of Los Angeles with its mixture of cultural and racial diversity. There are cops and robbers, blacks, whites, Latinos, Koreans, Chinese, Persians and Hispanics all exploiting one another without sensing what they are doing. The Koreans are mistaken for Chinese, the Persians for Arabs by the color of their skin, or their inability to pronounce certain words, or simply by their own anger which blinds them to the

A display processor conforming to all DTV formats with 188-tap FIR filters and 284 Kb FIFO memories

To achieve a single chip solution for a display processor conforming to all DTV formats, various hardwired approaches such as the write end toggle signal (WETS) based design technique and dynamic voltage sensing FIFO architecture have been developed. As a result, all functions including macroblock-to-raster conversion, frame/filed rate conversion, scan format conversion, and ordinary picture making functions such as color interpolation, enhancement, inverse matrix, on screen display, and D/A conversion have been successfully integrated into a single chip. The display processor has a total memory capacity of 284 Kb and filters with a total of 188 taps in an area of 14.9 mm/spl times/14.9 mm. It was fabricated in 0.5 um CMOS technology with 2-metal.

Fixed pattern noise from charge transfer loss in CCD imager

AbstractIt has been analyzed theoretically and verified experimentally that fixed pattern noise (FPN) is generated by the charge transfer loss when the charge in the CCD imager device generated by photoelectric conversion is imaged with a charge partitioning mode. This is done by removing the unnecessary nonsignal charge and reading out the signal charge. The result shows that the transfer loss due to the removal must be less than 10−4 to achieve even an ordinary picture quality with signal‐to‐noise (SN) ratio of 60 dB when the signal in the charge partitioning mode is one‐tenth the total charge. Furthermore, for a high‐quality image with SN ratio above 70 dB, the transfer loss in reading two kinds of charge must be less than 10−5 which is almost a perfect charge transfer.

Reading Frames in Modern Fiction (review)

Reviews369 Reading Frames in Modern Fiction, by Mary Ann Caws; xii & 312 pp. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985, $27.50. To die formalist, pictures are about painting. To die deconstructionist, they are about frames. In Reading Frames in Modem Fiction Mary Ann Caws, a formalist widi deconstructive leanings, argues that frames are "what literature is, for a large part, about" (p. 8). Her case is elegant, scholarly, and unconvincing. In making it, however, she offers provocative if idiosyncratic readings of major texts and provides a cautionary example to poststructuralists whose work is insufficientiy informed by current pragmatics of reading. Caws's diesis is diat various framing devices— spatial borders, temporal delays, rhetorical heightenings, and intergenre crossings — cause certain scenes in premodern and modern novels to stand out from die flow of narrative. In opening chapters on "Aperture" and "Perceiving Borders," she concatenates a litany of synonyms for die process of framing: setting, inset, arrest, surround, enclosure, and circumscription. Her object is not to establish a working taxonomy but to destabUize the signifier itself: "allframes are constantly open to shift and exchange" (p. 5, her emphasis). Quickly enough, die entire notion of framing becomes so elastic as to lose aU critical force. What foUows is a rhapsodic and inconclusive "meditation" (p. 88) on framing, "developed hypouieticaUy in view of a variety of texts" (p. 4). From die "Pre-Modern Borders" ofJane Austen, Herman MelviUe, and Thomas Hardy, Caws moves to the "High Modernist Framing " of Henry James, Marcel Proust, and Virginia Woolf. The transition between the two groups is a long chapter on "Translation of Genres" in which Caws, a seasoned comparativist, analyzes Baudelaire's translation of Poe's tale "The Oval Portrait" along widi die translation's poetic supplement, "Un Fantôme." Her object is to take "notjust an ordinary picture inside a text, but a portrait inside a text it entitles and gives life to, together with the poetic translation of diat picture-in-a-text and the text-around-a-picture, to show in what sense its nonliterality is bodi murderous and creative" (p. 87). The discussion is as impassioned as it is obscure. The books ends with a three-page conclusion, "Closing the Border," in which the author reveals, Montaigne-like, that her real subject has been herself. "The study of frame is always a self-study of our reading habits as weU as of the picture itself," she concludes (p. 265). It would be easy to dismiss Reading Frames in Modem Fiction as the selfabsorbed ruminations ofa literary mandarin had the book come from a critic less perspicacious than Mary Ann Caws. Her work on Tzara, Breton, and Char has defined die surrealist aesthetic for specialists and nonspecialists alike, and her study of visual and verbal perception, The Eye in the Text (1981), is a model of fruitful interdisciplinary criticism. There, thanks to her keen understanding of 370Philosophy and Literature mannerist and modernist aesdietics, Caws transforms the commonplace image of the threshold, le seuil, into a Barthesian "figure of production," a critical heuristic offar-reaching productivity. No such transformation occurs in Reading Frames, despite the author's best efforts to whip the titular metaphor into life. The problem is diat deconstruction, the radical formalism tiiat Caws practices here, lacks (indeed, disavows) an intersubjective pragmatics ofreading. For her, "Reading is a solitary act of creation: none can create with us or coUaborate in the reading" (p. 230). From this standpoint, no shared "framing" of text or experience is possible. In a cursory survey of frame dieory Caws briefly discusses die anthropological researches ofBateson and Goffman but casts her lot witii the poststructuralists Hamon and Derrida. She ignores entirely die cognitive frame theories of Marvin Minsky, Terry Winograd, and Benjamin Kuipers as weU as die communitarian dieory of reading developed by Stanley Fish. For diese reasons, Reading Frames in Modern Fiction remains a minor work by a major critic. One eagerly awaits the day when "die impassioned reader of frames" (p. 149) returns her gaze to the picture. University of HartfordWilliam L. Stull Virginia Woolfand the Politics ofStyle, by PamelaJ. Transue ; vi & 222 pp. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1986, $39.50 cloth, $14.95 paper. The "politics...

Large-Screen Color Oscilloscope for Classroom Use

The large-screen oscilloscope here described is characterized by versatility and convenience of operation. Colored pictures are particularly suited for demonstration experiments. In a first part the paper discusses the general requirements to be met by such a system and a few typical applications. An ordinary color picture tube as designed for television type scanning deflection is used. To present multicolor-multichannel pictures by a fixed frequency scanning system would, however, involve very complex circuity. Thus an x-y-deflection system customary with ordinary oscilloscopes is employed. This provides, incidentally, a better contrast. In a second part of the article deflection and convergence units of the system are discussed.

Twenty-one inch direct-view storage tube

Applications for storage tubes have increased in recent years with the development of the 5-inch direct-view storage tube. This paper discusses the development of a 21-inch storage tube. The tube utilizes a metal envelope with curved faceplate and a usable viewing diameter of about 18 inches. Externally, the tube is similar to an ordinary television picture tube. Internally, a high-velocity electron gun, a low-velocity flood gun, and storage target permit writing and storing information to be viewed after the original signals are gone. The storage target assembly is curved to match the faceplate curvature, thus avoiding a separate viewing screen inside the tube. Photoetched Cu-Ni meshes are used in the storage assembly. The mechanical and electrical problems encountered in the development are discussed and performance figures are given.

DIASTOLIC HYPERTENSION WITH INCREASED BASAL METABOLIC RATE

Although the cause and nature of hypertension are still unknown, certain groups of cases have been differentiated from the general mass of those with high blood pressure, and certain clinical associations have been established. Thus, it is generally accepted that patients with glomerulonephritis and hypertension, or with the vascular crises of lead, eclampsia or tabes, must be sharply distinguished from those with so-called essential hypertension. Among those belonging to the latter category, certain subgroups have been described: hypertension associated with myxedema, 1 and hypertension associated with tumors of the suprarenal cortex. 2 There is another syndrome, in which hypertension is one of the presenting signs, but in which there is a concomitant group of symptoms which serve to separate it sharply from the ordinary picture of hypertension, and which warrant its classification as a distinct disease entity. The signs and symptoms characteristic of this syndrome may briefly be enumerated as

A SIMPLE STERILIZER FOR EMERGENCY AND COUNTRY WORK.

It is one thing to prepare for operative work with the modern pressure sterilizer and other conveniences of the hospital; it is quite another thing to prepare for the same work in a private home, perhaps on a farm at a distance from the operator's office. The device offered is purposely presented in a crude form to show what may be done under such circumstances when the element of time is important. An instrument maker could give us a more sightly instrument. All that is required is a piece of No. 9 or 10 wire, a sheet of wire netting, four cords for suspension and an equal number of metal hooks. In this case poultry netting was used, the cords were wire picture-cord, and the hooks were ordinary picture hooks. But any strong cord will answer and a hook may be speedily fashioned from sheet tin or iron. The wire