System In Order Research Articles

A Novel Method of Time-Varying Formation Control Based on a Directed Graph for Multiple Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

Currently, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are facing various challenges, rendering multiple-AUV (multi-AUV) formation control a pivotal research direction. The issues surrounding formation control for a multi-AUV system to establish time-varying formations must be investigated. This paper discusses the formation protocol of multi-AUV systems in order to establish the defined time-varying formations. First, when these systems establish formations, the speed of each AUV can be equivalent. After that, consensus-based methods are used to solve the time-varying formation-control problem. The necessary and sufficient process of multi-AUV in achieving time-varying formations is proved. Furthermore, the formula for the time-varying formation center function is provided. Further, we present a protocol law for multi-AUVs to establish time-varying formations. Finally, the theoretical results of a simulation are presented, which validate the formation protocol.

Factors and level of physical performance of schoolchildren aged 13–14 years

There is an insufficiency of data on the characteristics of physical performance of schoolchildren in the critical period of ontogenesis associated with pubertal development.The aim of the study. To determine the factors and level of physical performance of schoolchildren aged 13–14 years, taking into account pubertal development.Methodology. The study involved healthy male adolescents aged 13–14 years (n = 165). Five stages of puberty were determined. To diagnose the level of physical performance, a complex of functional and ergometric tests and a battery of motor tests were used. The structure of performance was determined based on the factor analysis.Results and discussion. We determined the factors characterizing physical performance: aerobic capacity; absolute aerobic power; anaerobic alactic performance; anaerobic glycolytic performance; relative aerobic power. The identified factors are associated with zones of relative power. It has been established that during puberty, changes in indicators combined into different factors occur non-linearly and non-simultaneously. The results of the study show that subjects of the same age with stages II, III and IV of puberty differ in the level of key bioenergetic performance criteria. Transition to higher stages of puberty is accompanied with progressive dynamics of most indicators associated with factors of anaerobic performance, while indicators of aerobic power and capacity change in different directions, showing in some cases a tendency to temporarily decrease.Conclusion. It is advisable to use the results of the study when organizing various types of monitoring the functional state and regulation of aerobic and anaerobic physical activity in adolescents aged 13–14 years at different stages of puberty. The obtained materials can serve as a scientific basis for improving the physical education system in order to increase the functional capabilities of children’s bodies during the critical period of ontogenesis associated with pubertal development

Deviation analysis in transient response of fractional-order systems: An elementary function-based lower bound

In this paper, transient response of commensurate fractional-order systems with non-zero initial conditions is investigated in the viewpoint of the existence of deviation from initial condition. In particular, firstly peak effect for a class of linear fractional order systems is inspected by presenting a lower bound for their responses. Such a lower bound is described by an elementary function, where the commensurate order of the system is considered as a rational number. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that under particular circumstances the derived lower bound can be extended to apply for deviation analysis in response of a class of fractional-order nonlinear systems. Moreover, included are various illustrative examples intended to assess the applicability of the obtained lower bound in prediction of the deviation value and the time instance at which the peak effect occurs.

The Complex Approach to Environmental and Technological Project Management to Enhance the Sustainability of Industrial Systems

To achieve sustainability, industrial systems need to be modernized to improve resource efficiency while optimizing environmental and social performance. The implementation of environmental and technological projects is a complex management process and requires sufficient innovative potential and serious investments, which not every company can provide. Network integration of companies, providing synergy of resources and potentials, is an effective tool for the development and implementation of innovative technologies that allow achieving optimal resource efficiency indicators. An integrated complex approach to the formation of a cross- industrial system on the principles of network integration and partnerships ensures technological interaction between companies, optimizes the methods and forms of their economic activities, allows integration participants to achieve strategic goals and ensure environmental and social effects for the territory of presence. The sustainability of such a system is expressed in its ability to withstand internal threats and external challenges. Approaches to balancing environmental and technological effects while simultaneously analysing social efficiency have not received sufficient development in scientific research. This article discusses an approach to the selection of environmental-technological projects based on criteria for assessing the sustainability and resilience of industrial systems. The authors’ approach has been tested using two industrial symbioses of advanced socio-economic development territories in the city of Novotroitsk (Orenburg region, Russian Federation). The authors presented calculated indicators of resource efficiency before and after the formation of a cross-sectoral industrial system in order to identify social and environmental effects in Novotroitsk. This approach to the assessment of environmental and technological projects allows to concentrate government support measures on the general priorities of the implementation of regional economic and industrial policies.

Optimizing Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems for Order Picking Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning.

Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems (RMFSs) face challenges in handling large-scale orders and navigating complex environments, frequently encountering a series of intricate decision-making problems, such as order allocation, shelf selection, and robot scheduling. To address these challenges, this paper integrates Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) technology into an RMFS, to meet the needs of efficient order processing and system stability. This study focuses on three key stages of RMFSs: order allocation and sorting, shelf selection, and coordinated robot scheduling. For each stage, mathematical models are established and the corresponding solutions are proposed. Unlike traditional methods, DRL technology is introduced to solve these problems, utilizing a Genetic Algorithm and Ant Colony Optimization to handle decision making related to large-scale orders. Through simulation experiments, performance indicators-such as shelf access frequency and the total processing time of the RMFS-are evaluated. The experimental results demonstrate that, compared to traditional methods, our algorithms excel in handling large-scale orders, showcasing exceptional superiority, capable of completing approximately 110 tasks within an hour. Future research should focus on integrated decision-making modeling for each stage of RMFSs and designing efficient heuristic algorithms for large-scale problems, to further enhance system performance and efficiency.

New asymptotic stability theory for real order systems and applications

Metzler asymptotic stability of real order systems gives hidden paths of nontrivial solutions to geometric constant solutions as time tends to ∞ in positive and negative orthants of Euclidean space when associated with random initial-time. Suppose that there is a governing law that describes the flow of geometric variables described by a real-order system in Euclidean space and a geometric solution zero vector that satisfies such a system. We introduce the concepts of orthant Metzler asymptotic stability that give rise to the notion of so-called new L-asymptotic stability. We prove that there exist order-dependent conditions that give a new L-asymptotic stability. The main results of this paper are comparison theorems that give L-asymptotic stability, which is essential in finding convergence of non-negative and non-positive solutions to geometric constant solutions. We establish upper and lower theoretical α-order Mittag-Leffler bounds of the Euclidean norm measure of non-trivial solutions to such systems, which characterize the Mittag-Leffler rate of decay. As applications of some theoretical results, we provide three examples that include a feedback method to control cancer in a cancer chemotherapy model to illustrate the effectiveness.

A Twice-Open Control Method for a Hydraulic Variable Valve System in a Diesel Engine

In order to solve the cold-starting problem and improve the intake and exhaust pipe temperatures of diesel engines under cold-starting and low- and medium-speed conditions, this paper proposes a twice-open control method for a hydraulic variable valve system. First, a hydraulic variable valve system that can realize a fully variable valve lift and phase angle is applied to replace the original intake system in order to meet the air intake requirements of different conditions. Then, a twice-open control method in which the intake valve opens two times at the exhaust stroke and intake stroke is proposed to improve the intake pipe temperature and solve the cold-starting problem. This paper contains a numerical work analysis. A GT-POWER model is constructed to validate the intake valve twice-open control method. The cylinder pressure, cylinder temperature, intake pipe pressure, and intake pipe temperature are obtained and compared between the original intake valve system and the hydraulic variable valve system with the proposed intake valve twice-open control method. The results show that the twice-open control method can increase the intake pipe temperature to 260 K or even higher, which can improve the cold-starting performance and the exhaust temperature at low and medium speeds. At the same time, the performance under low- and medium-speed conditions is improved.

Does an electronic pathology ordering system change the volume and pattern of routine testing in hospital? An interrupted time series analysis

AimsIdentifying and reducing low-value care is a vital issue in Australia, with pathology test ordering a common focus in this field. This study builds on previous research and aimed to...

Better Safe Than Sorry: A Model to Assess Anthropic Impacts on a River System in Order to Take Care of the Landscape

The need to find a trade-off between protecting water-related ecosystems and increasing safe water-use for human society is recognized in the 2030 Agenda of the European Union. We assess the ecological status of a riverine system in order to mitigate human impacts, considering its importance for supplying drinking water to more than 4 million users in Rome. We used an integrated approach, analyzing animal and plant communities at riverbanks and the riverbed. A macrobenthos analysis revealed a well-structured community with a good ecology for all sampling stations. The highest value was found immediately upstream and downstream of the springs collection system, while the lowest richness value was where the river collects urban wastewater. A floristic inventory showed Hemicryptophytes composing almost 45% of all species, and prevalence of Euroasiatic (35%) and Orophilous (34%) chorotypes. A positive correlation between riverbed vegetation and the quality of the benthic community was revealed, while tree height seems to have a negative trend. Our data suggest a river stretch affected by resurgence and water abstraction did not highlight irreversible alterations to the landscape. Indeed, the composition of vegetation and correlated animal communities mirrored a clinal gradient expected for an Apennine river system. Our study has the potential to improve the approach used to monitor the impacts of humans on freshwater ecosystems, aiming at preserving the integrity of the water-related landscape.

Między schematem a prawami człowieka - prawnomedyczne zagrożenia praw osób interpłciowych i europejskie modele ich ochrony, w kontraście do realiów krajowej opieki medycznej - część 2: Europejskie rozwiązania prawne chroniące osoby interpłciowe w odniesieniu do krajowego systemu ochrony praw pacjenta

This text represents second part of the analysis, regarding situation of an intersexual patient, especially a minor, in terms of protection against discrimination and exposure to IGM (Intersexual Genital Mutilation) procedures. Author presents a selection of European legislature regarding the abovementioned issue, comparing them to Polish system ofguarantees, securing patients’ rights in the healthcare system. Analysing position of an intersexual individual, both in terms of a requirement of assigning ones gender at birth, as well as general provisions regarding matter of an informed consent and fair process of decision making, in regard to an underage patient and their treatment, this paper presents set of legal solutions, which upon comparison and study of mechanisms related to protectingaforementioned group from IGM-related treatment across Europe, could be implemented in polish legal system in order to address the discussed matter.

Алгоритмы оценивания показателей качества функционирования распределенной системы хранения конфиденциальных данных

The article presents algorithms for assessing the quality indicators of distributed data storage systems used to accumulate and process data from automated information systems for various purposes, serving a large number of geographically distributed clients. Mathematical expressions for indicators of confidentiality, availability and cost of data storage are given. The proposed algorithms make it possible to analyze the distribution of information resources among the elements of the data storage system in order to select rational solutions for organizing the storage of confidential information.

Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of personalised medicine at the micro-, meso- and macro-regional levels

Abstract Background/Introduction Personalised Medicine (PM) involves tailoring treatment to a patient's characteristics, needs and preferences. It classifies patients based on their disease risk or response to treatment using diagnostic markers and aims to improve treatment control, precision and disease prediction. An organised approach is crucial for the integration of PM into European healthcare systems in order to shape the future of health and social care. PM's dynamic evolution, which takes into account individual factors in disease progression and drug efficacy, allows for more accurate and tailored care. Despite its emergence, the economic focus on specific interventions has neglected a comprehensive theoretical framework, potentially hindering the progress of PM in clinical practise. [1] Purpose The purpose of the study was to identify barriers and facilitators to the implementation of innovative interventions and to identify best practises that are applicable across European countries and support the implementation of e-health, m-health and PM interventions at micro-, meso- and macro-regional levels. The research was funded and carried out as part of the international Regions4PerMed (H2020) project. Methods The methodology of the study consisted of a combination of desk research and qualitative research methods. Desk research involved analysing existing articles, with a focus on the literature related to barriers and facilitators in e-health and m-health. Following the desk research, a semi-structured questionnaire entitled "Barriers and facilitators of Personalised Medicine implementation - qualitative study under Regions4PerMed (H2020) project" was developed. In addition, three focus groups were organised to explore the topic of the study in greater depth. Results The findings on potential support for adapting e-health, m-health and PM to citizens' needs were categorised into different areas of need, including education, funding, dissemination, data protection/data sharing, data analysis, system changes, integrated care policies, cooperation, healthcare providers, physicians, public and patient engagement. The barriers and facilitators were categorised according to the primary stakeholders involved in the implementation challenges. Conclusion(s) The implementation of technological solutions improves diagnostic procedures and decision making in health and social care, leading to more precisely tailored treatments, lower costs and shorter treatment durations. PM plays a crucial role in rationalising the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases. The overall aim is to break down barriers between healthcare providers such as public authorities and hospitals in order to promote closer collaboration. However, PM faces challenges, including incongruent legislation, bureaucratic procedures and lengthy legislative processes. Obstacles also include the approach to physician education and the lack of social awareness of PM.

Efficient parameter estimation for second order plus dead time systems in process plant control

AbstractDesigning a controller for a process plant typically modeled as a first or second‐order system with dead time involves an efficient and accurate estimation of its parameters. Since many process plants are characterized as second‐order plus dead time (SOPDT) overdamped or critically damped systems, this study presents a straightforward parameter estimation method using transient response data from a step input at three specific time instants. Two‐time domain performance indices (PIs), (= for system dead time = 0 and for system dead time ≠ 0; , and are respectively the times at which the response reaches 5%, 10% and 90% of the steady‐state response) and (reciprocal of rise time ) are proposed in this work. Correlations are established between these PIs and the parameters of the SOPDT system. The first correlation establishes that is a function of the damping ratio only and is independent of the undamped natural frequency which means that the evaluation of from the time response data is sufficient to estimate . The second correlation establishes that for a given , is a function of . Thus the evaluation of from the time response data and an estimate of from the first correlation is sufficient to estimate . The proposed algorithm estimates the parameters of the canonical transfer function of the plant by these correlations from the three specific time instants, as mentioned above, of the step response of the plant. Comparisons with four methods existing in the literature reveal that the method is also effective with higher order systems that may be approximated by SOPDT dynamics, and robust even with measurement noise, making it useful for implementing control strategies, not only in process plants but also in other systems having similar time responses.

Non-classical correlations between a quantum probe and complex quantum systems in presence of noise

Non-classical correlations generated within a quantum probe system when it interacts with a large, macroscopic system can signal the presence of quantum features in the latter. Theoretical models have considered how entanglement generated in photosynthetic bacteria can be probed using light that interacts with them. More recently, a tardigrade was entangled to a transmon qubit. We consider a detailed model including noise for such systems wherein a small quantum probe interacts with a large system in order to delineate the regimes with respect to coupling strengths and noise levels in which such signatures of quantumness in macroscopic systems can realistically be detected.

National Database for Emergency Management (GIS based)

This study looks at the advantages of using geographic information systems for emergency management from two angles: the data management mode and the pre-warning signal emergency management requirements. This study discusses the need for geographic information systems in disaster management. This study explores the manifestation of the function graphics with one mining map, which comprises of the graphics data and characteristics data, the layer stack, and theme maps presenting, through the analysis of geographic information systems functions appropriate for pre-warning signals. It communicates with the conventional pre-warning signal system in order to present the pre-warning signal's outcome based on geographic information systems in the interim. Based on previous research, this study proposes a standard approach for pre- warning using geographic information systems. The project aims to create dynamic, multidimensional technical instruments for emergency management system implementation, as well as useful concepts for the development of pre-warning systems that are intimately related to actual places. Keywords: pre-warning, geographic information system, emergency management, and theme map

Artificial Intelligence: the dichotomy of technology development

Purpose: identification of opportunities and potential risks in the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies on the basis of the dominant trends analyzing in the current high-tech sector development of the global economy.Methods: the paper uses the system approach, the method of classification and systematization, the method of estimations and scientific abstractions, the methods of information analysis and synthesis, the method of data visualization.Results: the article considers economic and technical-technological aspects of building intelligent systems, establishes trends of their development in the direction of multitasking and autonomy of performed functions, identifies opportunities and threats arising from the development of this direction of scientific and technological progress. The study reveals the dual nature of further improvement of artificial intelligence systems, which offers broad prospects of application in various spheres of human activity, but can simultaneously generate risks due to the uncontrolled introduction of these technologies into the public space.Conclusions and Relevance:the development of intellectual technologies in the current period has a steady tendency towards increasing complexity of the tasks to be solved and increasing autonomy of artificial intelligence, provided by increasing its computational capabilities, which in a number of parameters (image classification, text content) exceed the capabilities of the human mind. At the same time, there is an aspiration of developers to gradually transfer to machines the key competences in the field of decision-making, which until now have remained in the exclusive competence of humans. This trend opens up broad prospects for the application of "smart" machines in public life, but at the same time generates a set of real and hypothetical risks, the dominant of which is the loss of human subjectivity in relation to the surrounding processes. The emerging dichotomy of technological development requires a serious rethinking of the existing approach to the creation and implementation of artificial intelligence systems in order to minimize the emergence of ethical risks and threats to human life.

Evaluation of stream ordering systems in the context of topography and open‐source data

AbstractSatellite‐derived digital elevation models (DEMs) and geographic information systems (GIS) offer effective means for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of drainage networks within watersheds. An extensive review of various stream order systems reveals their outdated nature, given advancements in digital technology and the availability of fine to coarse resolutions data. Analysis of open‐source DEMs with resolutions ranging from 12.5 to 225 m, along with topographical maps at scales of 1:50 000 and 1:250 000, was conducted across four physiographically distinct micro‐watersheds of approximately equal size (~300 km2). The steepest descent algorithm (D8) was utilized to derive raster stream networks, applying a channel initiation threshold (CIT) of 900 m2 as a criterion. It was observed that stream order numbers are influenced by map scale, leading to variability in mainstream order extraction across different DEM datasets and topographic maps. To address this issue, an innovative stream order system was proposed to ensure consistent mainstream order regardless of the spatial resolution of DEM data or map scale. Correlation analysis highlighted the importance of considering both spatial resolution and topographic variability in stream order analysis, underscoring the significance of accurate DEM data and landscape characteristics in understanding stream network dynamics. This method of classifying stream orders is recognized by scientists in geography, geology, hydrology and geomorphology for providing crucial information about the size and strength of waterways within stream networks, contributing to effective water management strategies.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as Drug Delivery Vehicles in Disease Therapy.

Exosomes are small vesicles containing proteins, nucleic acids, and biological lipids, which are responsible for intercellular communication. Studies have shown that exosomes can be utilized as effective drug delivery vehicles to accurately deliver therapeutic substances to target tissues, enhancing therapeutic effects and reducing side effects. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a class of stem cells widely used for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and immunotherapy. Exosomes derived from MSCs have special immunomodulatory functions, low immunogenicity, the ability to penetrate tumor tissues, and high yield, which are expected to be engineered into efficient drug delivery systems. Despite the promising promise of MSC-derived exosomes, exploring their optimal preparation methods, drug-loading modalities, and therapeutic potential remains challenging. Therefore, this article reviews the related characteristics, preparation methods, application, and potential risks of MSC-derived exosomes as drug delivery systems in order to find potential therapeutic breakthroughs.

Dynamics of fractional optical solitary waves to the cubic–quintic coupled nonlinear Helmholtz equation

This work investigates the dynamics of optical waves to the generalized coupled nonlinear fractional Helmholtz equation with quintic and cubic nonlinear effects. The evolution of broad multicomponent self-trapping beams in Kerr-type nonlinear media is described by the coupled Helmholtz equation, which also take into account spatial dispersion due to non-paraxial effects. This phenomena is particularly relevant to the progressive miniaturization of optics, where the optical wavelength is similar to the beam width. It is essential to integrate non-Kerr terms, such as the self-steepening and the self frequency shift, into the coupled Helmholtz system in order to investigate the propagation of ultrashort optical pulses in the non-paraxial domain. For optical wave solutions, nonlinear ordinary equation of the governing model is achieved by applying the fractional transformation. The different types of the solutions like bright, dark, singular and mixed type solitons are extracted by applying advanced integration methods, namely modified Sardar subequation method and new Kudryashov method. These solutions provide very useful information on how the system operates. The applied approaches are highly efficient and have significant computational capability to efficiently tackle the nonlinear systems. Additionally, we include a diverse array of graphs to demonstrate the physical interpretation of the obtained solutions in relation to a number of significant parameters, thereby highlighting the impact of fractional derivatives. In the context of the proposed model, these visualizations assist with a comprehensive understanding of the solution’s behavior and characteristics. It is anticipated that these solutions may be significant in the study of wave propagation and related fields.

Human Visual System applied to Facial Recognition

Research in the field of biometrics is constantly expanding. Numerous studies have been carried out to develop different techniques with the aim of ensuring reliable and efficient recognition systems. Of our five senses, vision takes up the most of the neurons in our brain. This makes the visual approach challenging. This paper proposes to develop a new facial recognition technique based on the concept of Human Visual System in order to simulate or imitate human perception. Our approach exploits the behavior of the Human Visual System in biometric systems to improve individual recognition. It focuses on Perceptual Channel Decomposition in order to generate images, confined around a certain frequency range, perfectly uncorrelated. For the extraction of characteristic vectors, our technique uses the Principal Component Analysis. The principle of the visual approach consists of exploiting one or more characteristics of the peripheral parts of the Human Visual System. These characteristics can integrate the sensitivity of the Human Visual System to spatial frequencies, its sensitivity to local contrast. The Principal Component Analysis uses a set of seventeen channels, each adjusted to a band of given radial frequencies and orientation. The seventeen output images contain the same spatial information but are perfectly uncorrelated from a spectral point of view. In the implementation phase, we limited ourselves to explore this technique by using only four frequency rings. The results obtained are conclusive and satisfactory.