Order Reaction Rate Research Articles

Six fruit and vegetable peel beads for the simultaneous removal of heavy metals by biosorption

ABSTRACT In this study, a comparison between the biosorption performance of six fruit and vegetable peels, namely kiwifruit (KP), apple, banana, cucumber, orange and potato immobilized on sodium alginate beads has been made. Inductively coupled plasma coupled with mass spectroscopy was used for measuring the concentration of metal ions in solution before and after biosorption. A range of kinetic models were also applied to the biosorption batch data. The results showed that biosorption percentage of the ions were different on the various beads. For example, the decreasing order of biosorption by one KP bead at equilibrium was Cd > Cu > Hg > Ni > Pb > Cr > As, with approximately 92%, 84%, 80%, 75%, 67%, 34%, and 17% simultaneous removal of ions, respectively. The fastest biosorption was seen with Cd and Pb, as both reached equilibrium by 24 h. Equilibrium time of all other ions occurred by 48 h. While all beads in their unmodified form were suitable for the removal of divalent cations, KP bead showed significantly higher removal of the anion hexavalent Cr. Biosorption of Cd, Hg and Ni was limited by both pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order reaction rates. For Cr and Cu, the reaction was controlled by film diffusion and pseudo-first order rates. At a higher solution concentration, the preference of ions biosorbed as well as their percentage removed changed. Overall, the results indicated that KP beads show promise as a cost-effective method for removing toxic ions by biosorption, especially hexavalent chromium from drinking water.

Degradation of ciprofloxacin using UV-based advanced removal processes: Comparison of persulfate-based advanced oxidation and sulfite-based advanced reduction processes

In this study, the degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in wastewater was investigated using UV-based sulfate radical advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOP) and UV-based advanced reduction processes (ARP). More specifically, a comparison of the UV-based persulfate advanced oxidation process (the UV/PS process) and the UV-based sulfite advanced reduction process (the UV/sulfite process) was made. Considering the UV-based SR-AOPs, the UV/PS process was much more efficient than the UV-based peroxymonosulfate advanced oxidation process (the UV/PMS process), with pseudo first order reaction rate constants (kobs) of 0.752 and 0.145 min−1, respectively. For the UV-based ARPs, the UV/sulfite process was the most efficient, compared to the UV/sulfide and the UV/dithionite process (kobs of 0.269, 0.0157 and 0.0329 min−1, respectively). The optimal process parameters for both the UV/PS and the UV/sulfite process were determined and the contribution of the produced reactive species were identified. For the UV/PS process, maximal CIP degradation was found at pH 8, and both OH and SO4− were responsible for CIP degradation. For the UV/sulfite process, H and eaq− were responsible for CIP degradation, with eaq− being the predominant radical at pH 8.5. Although CIP degradation was much faster for the UV/PS process, the UV/sulfite process was determined to be much more efficient in the defluorination of CIP.

Kinetics of 2-Methylfuran Acylation with Fatty Acid Anhydrides for Biorenewable Surfactants

Friedel-Crafts acylation using long-chain fatty acid derivatives and biomass-derived furans is the key reaction to produce alkyl furan ketones, an important precursor for biorenewable oleo-furan surfactants. In this work, the steady-state acylation kinetics and reaction mechanism were investigated using a model system of 2-methylfuran and n-octanoic anhydride in a fixed-bed tubular reactor using Al-MCM-41, a mesoporous aluminosilicate. An apparent activation energy (15.5 +or- 1.4 kcal mol- 1) was obtained for the formation of the acylated product, 2-octanoyl-5-methylfuran (2O5MF), for a temperature range of 348-408 K. The apparent reaction rate orders were ~0.6 and ~0.5 in the 2-methylfuran and anhydride concentrations, respectively, while near-zero apparent rate orders were measured in the product concentrations, indicating negligible product inhibition. An Eley-Rideal catalytic acylation mechanism was proposed to explain the experimentally observed apparent rate orders.

Kinetics and thermodynamics of hydrolysis of crystal violet at ambient and below ambient temperatures

Hydrolysis reaction was carried out at varying NaOH concentrations of 0.008, 0.016 and 0.024 M, variable temperature of 6 and 21 °C, and constant initial crystal violet (CV) concentration of 2.6 × 10–5 M. Kinetic data of the reaction were generated using UV–Vis Spectrophotometer. Analysis of the reaction kinetics shows that the overall rate order of the hydrolysis reaction was 1st order. The individual rate order of the reaction with respect to NaOH and CV was temperature dependent. At 21 °C the rate order with respect to NaOH and CV were 0.24th and 0.76th, respectively. While at 6 °C the individual rate order were 0.38th and 0.62th with respect to NaOH and CV, respectively. Values of the reaction rate constant (k) at 21 and 6 °C were 7.2 and 1.9 left( {frac{{{text{mol}}}}{{text{L}}}} right)^{{ - 0.9}} min^{-1}, respectively. The activation energy of the reaction was determined as 60.57 kJ/mol. The reaction was an endothermic reaction having enthalpy values of 58.13 and 58.29 kJ/mol at 21 and 6 °C, respectively. The entropy and Gibbs free energy of the hydrolysis reaction at ambient temperature of 21 °C were − 64.72 J/mol K and 77.15 kJ/K, respectively. At 6 °C the entropy and Gibbs free energy of the reaction were − 64.29 J/mol K and 76.19 kJ/K, respectively.

Quantum chemical calculation of reaction characteristics of hydroxyl at different positions during coal spontaneous combustion

Hydroxyl groups are one of the key factors for the development of coal spontaneous combustion. Although the reaction mechanism has been studied by many scholars, the effects of their positions in the molecule on the reaction characteristics have not been considered. In this paper, Ph−CH2−CH3 was selected as the basic unit to construct small coal molecule models with one hydroxyl at different positions. The microscopic parameters of each model were calculated by density functional theory (DFT), and the elementary reaction pathways and thermodynamic parameters of hydroxyl groups were explored. It was found that the hydrogen of OH is the active site of nucleophilic reaction, the CαH bond of α-phenethyl alcohol and the OH bonds of the other molecules are most vulnerable to oxygen. All the models can generate H2O in the process of oxidation, other products of alcoholic hydroxyl groups are highly active oxygen-containing free radicals, while that of phenolic hydroxyl groups are quinones or ketones. The results of intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) indicated that hydrogen captured by oxygen is endothermic, while the ·OH free radical capturing hydrogen is exothermic. The activation energy of oxygen capturing hydrogen is 98–182 kJ/mol, which shows that the reaction can occur in the middle stage of coal spontaneous combustion (70–120 ℃), and the reaction rate gradually accelerate with the increase of temperature. In the same conditions, the order of the oxidation reaction rates is 2-ethyl phenol > 3-ethyl phenol > 4-ethyl phenol > α-phenethyl alcohol > β-phenethyl alcohol, which is the same as the order of reaction activities but opposite to that of activation energies. The research is helpful to strengthen the judgment of coal spontaneous combustion risk and the development of flame retardant.

Fabrication of electrochemically-modified BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4composite film for bisphenol A degradation

A new electrochemically-modified BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 (represented as E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4) thin film electrode was successfully synthesized for environmental application. MoS2 and Co3O4 were grown on the surface of BiVO4 to obtain BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4. E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 film was achieved by further electrochemical treatment of BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4. The as-prepared E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 exhibited significantly enhanced photoelectrocatalytic activity. The photocurrent density of E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 thin film is 6.6 times that of BiVO4 under visible light irradiation. The degradation efficiency of E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 for bisphenol A pollutant was 81.56% in photoelectrochemical process. The pseudo-first order reaction rate constant of E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 film is 3.22 times higher than that of BiVO4. And its reaction rate constant in photoelectrocatalytic process is 14.5 times or 2 times that in photocatalytic or electrocatalytic process, respectively. The improved performance of E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 was attributed to the synergetic effects of the reduction of interfacial charge transfer resistance, the formation of oxygen vacancies and sub-stoichiometric metal oxides and higher separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. E-BiVO4-MoS2-Co3O4 is a promising composite material for pollutants removal.

Decreased natural organic matter in water distribution decreases nitrite formation in non-disinfected conditions, via enhanced nitrite oxidation

Nitrite in drinking water is a potentially harmful substance for humans, and controlling nitrite formation in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) is highly important. The effect of natural organic matter (NOM) on the formation of nitrite in simulated distribution systems was studied. The objective was to inspect how a reduced NOM concentration affected nitrite development via nitrification, separated from the effects of disinfection. We observed that nitrite formation was noticeably sensitive to the changes in the NOM concentrations. Nitrite declined with reduced NOM (TOC 1.0 mg L-1) but increased with the normal NOM concentration of tap water (TOC 1.6 mg L-1). Ammonium oxidation was not altered by the reduced NOM, however, nitrite oxidation was enhanced significantly according to the pseudo-first order reaction rate model interpretation. The enhanced nitrite oxidation was observed with both ammonium and nitrite as the initial nitrogen source. The theoretical maximum nitrite concentrations were higher with the normal concentration of NOM than with reduced NOM. The results suggest that the role of nitrite oxidation may be quite important in nitrite formation in DWDSs and worth further studies. As a practical result, our study supported enhanced NOM removal in non-disinfected DWDSs.

Process Optimisation and Kinetics Study of Biodiesel Production from Dairy Waste Scum Using ZnO Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst

The present paper describes about the biodiesel production from diary waste using zinc oxide as a heterogeneous catalysts. The bio-oil from dairy waste scum was collected and used for biodiesel production. Zinc oxide nanostructures was synthesised by sol-gel method and characterised using particle size analyser, X-ray diffractometer and thermogravimetric analyser. The synthesised heterogeneous ZnO nanocatalyst was used for transesterification of dairy waste scum. The maximum biodiesel yield of 94.8% was obtained at the optimised reaction conditions, 0.8 wt. %, and methanol to oil molar ratio 9:1, reaction time 40 min, reaction temperature 65 °C, and mixing speed 300 rpm. The fatty acid methyl ester production reaction follows a first order reaction rate. This research work shows that synthesised ZnO nanocatalyst was an effective catalyst to produce biodiesel from dairy waste scum.

Crystal Growth and Kinetic Behaviour of Pseudoalteromonas espejiana Assisted Biosynthesized Gold Nanoparticles.

Pseudoalteromonas espejiana (P. espejiana) is a marine bacterium known for its high resistance to alkalinity. The ability of P. espejiana to reduce Au (III) and biosynthesize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is found positive and was confirmed using UV-VIS, EDS, SEM, and TEM studies. Previously, many studies have been reported regarding the crystalline nature of AuNPs; therefore, this research aims at studying the crystal growth behaviour of AuNPs through DLS and TEM studies. Spherically shaped and monodispersed, AuNPs ranging between 5 to 160 nm were obtained with an average particle size of 62 nm. Also, to achieve maximum production of AuNPs, the reaction kinetic study was performed using an ICP-OES method and the effect of various parameters including pH, temperature, rpm, and concentration of substrate was analyzed. During the biosynthesis process, an appropriate phase of nucleation, crystal growth, and saturation was observed and this helped to determine the rate constants and order of reaction. The parameters such as pH profile (pH 9), temperature (30°C), agitation speed (150 rpm), and enzyme substrate ratio (2 : 3) were found to be the best fits for maximum production of low size AuNPs. This demonstrates that in initial few hours, a quick conversion of the ionic gold precursor takes place into metallic gold nuclei, trailed by crystal growth via coalescence of small nuclei. Subsequently, it can be concluded that coalescence processes drive the crystal growth process of AuNPs over a time interval and finally leads to saturation and no newer particle formation in the solution.

Candida rugosa lipase immobilization over SBA-15 to prepare solid biocatalyst for cotton seed oil transesterification

For the immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL), mesoporous silica (SBA-15) was synthesized using pluronic acid (P123) as template and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as co-surfactant. Physical adsorption technique was employed to immobilize CRL over SBA-15 and the maximum enzyme adsorption (300 mg g−1) was observed at pH 3. The scanning electron microscopy as well as FTIR analysis of the solid bio catalyst indicate the enzyme immobilization over the SBA surface. The solid bio-catalyst thus obtained was employed as solid biocatalyst for the transesterification of cotton seed oil with methanol to produce fatty acid methyl esters. The reaction was found to follow the pseudo-first order reaction rate law and rate constant and activation energy for the reaction was evaluated to be 9.6 × 10-4 min−1 and 57 kJ mol−1, respectively.

Cadmium ion-chlorophyll interaction – Examination of spectral properties and structure of the cadmium-chlorophyll complex and their relevance to photosynthesis inhibition

Chlorophyll was shown to spontaneously form a complex with cadmium, which is incorporated at the central position of the chlorophyll molecule porphyrin ring, where it replaces magnesium. The rate of complex formation depended on the ratio of Cd2+ ions to chlorophyll concentration in the solution. In solutions with chlorophyll concentration of C = 1 × 10−5 M and Cd2+ concentrations of C = 1 × 10−5 M, C = 1 × 10−3 M and C = 9 × 10−3 M, Cd-Chl complex formation was completed after 200 h, 50 h and 33 h, respectively.The formation of Cd-Chl complex followed the second order over all substrates reaction order, first order over Cd2+ concentration and first over Chl concentration. The pseudo second order reaction rate constant k, when Cd2+ concentration was equal Chl concentration have been obtained as k = 1.510 ± 0.023 × 10−4 M−1min−1.Quantum chemistry computations showed that Cd-chlorophyll complex existed in two conformations in the methanol solution with cadmium ion placed either below or above the coordination plane.Two times smaller overlap integral of the Chl fluorescence spectrum with the Cd-Chl absorption spectrum IChl,Cd-Chl= 2.4223 × 10−13 cm3/M in comparison with the overlap integral of the Chl fluorescence spectrum with the Chl absorption spectrum IChl,Chl= 4.6210 × 10−13 cm3/M (twice lower probability of energy transfer Chl∗ → Cd-Chl than Chl∗ → Chl) and lower Förster critical distance for resonance energy transfer: RoChl→Cd-Chl= 46.773 Å, RoChl→Chl= 52.086 Å, indicated that in plants intoxicated with cadmium, taken up from the contaminated soil, the energy transfer between Chl and Cd-Chl in antennas will be disturbed, which may be one of the reasons for the inhibition of photosynthesis.

Revealing the structure of a catalytic combustion active-site ensemble combining uniform nanocrystal catalysts and theory insights

Supported metal catalysts are extensively used in industrial and environmental applications. To improve their performance, it is crucial to identify the most active sites. This identification is, however, made challenging by the presence of a large number of potential surface structures that complicate such an assignment. Often, the active site is formed by an ensemble of atoms, thus introducing further complications in its identification. Being able to produce uniform structures and identify the ones that are responsible for the catalyst performance is a crucial goal. In this work, we utilize a combination of uniform Pd/Pt nanocrystal catalysts and theory to reveal the catalytic active-site ensemble in highly active propene combustion materials. Using colloidal chemistry to exquisitely control nanoparticle size, we find that intrinsic rates for propene combustion in the presence of water increase monotonically with particle size on Pt-rich catalysts, suggesting that the reaction is structure dependent. We also reveal that water has a near-zero or mildly positive reaction rate order over Pd/Pt catalysts. Theory insights allow us to determine that the interaction of water with extended terraces present in large particles leads to the formation of step sites on metallic surfaces. These specific step-edge sites are responsible for the efficient combustion of propene at low temperature. This work reveals an elusive geometric ensemble, thus clearly identifying the active site in alkene combustion catalysts. These insights demonstrate how the combination of uniform catalysts and theory can provide a much deeper understanding of active-site geometry for many applications.

The influences of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide on lanthanum titanate photocatalyst for ofloxacin degradation

The use of template to introduce porous structure in titanate is a novel research topic, especially if photocatalytic activity of the material can be improved. The porous lanthanum titanate photocatalyst was synthesized using hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB) as the template in a sol–gel route. The addition of HTAB in the precursor could obviously influence the porous structure and surface morphology of the lanthanum titanate samples. All the samples were composed of perovskite La2Ti2O7, and crystallization of La2Ti2O7 was reduced with rising HTAB concentration. There was a slight enlargement in the band gap energy after using HTAB, and the chemical environments of the elements in the porous lanthanum titanate samples did not change. The enhancement in photocatalytic degradation efficiency was achieved on the lanthanum titanate samples obtained using HTAB. The first order reaction rate constants were increased from 0.0131 min−1 of the nonporous sample to 0.0253 min−1 of the porous sample. All the ofloxacin molecules were degraded on the porous lanthanum titanate sample after 120 min of reaction. Decomposition of ofloxacin in photocatalytic process was identified by the reduced absorption intensities of the organic groups in the UV–Vis spectra.

Degradation of Acetaminophen via UVA-induced advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Involvement of different radical species: HO[rad], SO4[rad]− and HO2[rad]/O2[rad

In this work, UVA radiation that is part of solar light is taken as the irradiation source and radicals (HO, SO4− and HO2/O2−) are generated through activation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8) and Bismuth catalyst (BiOCl), respectively. The distinguished performance in removing acetaminophen (ACTP), a model pharmaceutical pollutant, by these three radicals was compared for the first time. Effect of pH, halide ions concentration and interfacial mechanism have been investigated in detail. Interestingly, results show that heterogeneous UVA/BiOCl process has higher degradation efficiency than homogeneous UVA/H2O2 and UVA/Na2S2O8 systems whatever the solution’s pH. To explain these results, second order reaction rate constant (kradical, ACTP) have been determined with laser flash photolysis (LFP) or radical scavenging experiments. The strongly interfacial-depended HO2/O2− radicals have the lowest second order rate constant with ACTP but highest steady state concentration. BiOCl is much easier activated by UVA, and outstanding ACTP mineralization can be achieved. Combination of BiOCl and Na2S2O8 exhibits synergistic effects rather than antagonism effects with H2O2. This study highlights the relative effective utilization of solar light through interfacial directed BiOCl photocatalysis and its synergistic effects with traditional oxidants.

Sol-gel synthesis of suspensible titanium dioxide-hollow glass microsphere composites for photocatalytic degradation of Acid Red 1

Titanium dioxide was supported on hollow glass microspheres (HGM) via a sol-gel route to prepare xTiO2-HGM composites. The growth and aggregation of the anatase TiO2 crystals were restrained after supporting them. A thin layer of TiO2 was coated on the external surface of the hollow glass microspheres when the TiO2 content was not high. The absorption edges of the xTiO2-HGM composites moved to a shorter wavelength region with decreasing TiO2 content. The band gap energy of the TiO2 (3.21 eV) did not apparently change after loading on the hollow glass microspheres. The mesopores in the xTiO2-HGM composites were much larger than the pores in the TiO2 powders, and the pore size distribution in the xTiO2-HGM composites was broadened. The density of the xTiO2-HGM composites could be adjusted by altering the weight content of the TiO2. When the TiO2 content was more than 50% in the composites, the photocatalytic activity of the composites was very close to the activity of the TiO2 powders. The first order reaction rate constants were 0.00938, 0.0103 and 0.0121 min−1 for Acid Red 1 degradation on the 30TiO2-HGM, 50TiO2-HGM and TiO2 powders.

CTAB modified TiO2 supported on HZSM-5 zeolite for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of azophloxine

A thin layer of titanium dioxide was supported on HZSM-5 zeolite via a sol-gel route. Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was used to improve the porosity of the supported anatase TiO2. The influences of CTAB on the physicochemical properties of TiO2(n)/HZSM-5 composites were examined. The SEM and TEM images proved the loading of TiO2 layer on the surface of HZSM-5 zeolite. The absorption edge of TiO2(n)/HZSM-5 composite prepared using CTAB moved to longer wavelength region, and the bandgap energies of the composites were approximately 3.0 eV. Both the surface area and the pore volume of TiO2(n)/HZSM-5 composites were enlarged after using CTAB. Micropores were produced in the TiO2 layer after removing CTAB during the calcination process. The number of hydroxyl radicals produced under irradiation was in accordance with photocatalytic activity of the composites, and the photoluminescence intensity was also related to photocatalytic activity of the composites. The TiO2(3)/HZSM-5 sample obtained using 3 g CTAB had the maximum activity. The first order reaction rate constants for azophloxine degradation were 0.02823, 0.01842 and 0.01456 min−1 for TiO2(3)/HZSM-5, TiO2(0)/HZSM-5 and TiO2, respectively. The major organic groups in azophloxine molecule were degraded on TiO2(3)/HZSM-5 after 90 min of reaction.

Biogas plant management decision support – A temperature and time-dependent dynamic methane emission model for digestate storages

The aim was to develop a temperature and time-dependent model that can calculate the methane production in an anaerobic digester and its subsequent digestate storage tank under realistic and variable conditions. With a daily resolution, the model was applied to a Swedish dairy farm under two different climatic conditions. The most influential parameters were hydraulic retention time and the substrate specific first order reaction rates in the digester, which have a big influence on the residual biogas potential, and hence the potential methane production in the digestate storage. The management of the storage can have a large impact on the emissions from the storage due to its temperature dependence. The model can be used to support plant design and operation of anaerobic digesters and storages, but further research is needed to determine first-order reaction rates and the relationship between the ambient and digestate temperatures at different times of the year.

Significant enhancement of photo-Fenton degradation of ofloxacin over Fe-Dis@Sep due to highly dispersed FeC6 with electron deficiency

An efficient strategy for enhancing iron efficiency in heterogeneous Fenton reaction via the pyrolysis of ferrocene chemically modified sepiolite (Sep) was proposed in this study. Highly dispersed FeC6 on sepiolite (Fe-Dis@Sep) was synthesized as an efficient photo-Fenton catalyst for the visible light degradation of ofloxacin (OFX). It exhibits an excellent Fenton activity and stability towards OFX degradation. The pseudo-first order reaction rate constant of Fe-Dis@Sep was 5.1-fold higher than that of the supported catalyst with aggregated iron oxides prepared by traditional impregnation method (Fe-Agg@Sep). Based on TEM images and density functional theory (DFT) calculation, the enhanced Fenton activity of Fe-Dis@Sep was attributed to the unique incorporation of FeC6 on Sep via Si-O-C-Fe bond which not only favor the high dispersion of FeC6 with an electron deficiency but also promote Fe(III) to Fe(II) cycle via the formation of surface Fe-H2O2 complex. OH and O2- were identified as active species for OFX degradation in Fe-Dis@Sep-H2O2-Vis system. 98.7% of F and 97.0% of N in OFX was converted into F− and NO3− with a TOC removal efficiency of 89.35%. The possible degradation pathway of OFX was also proposed according to HPLC-MS results. Finally, the Fenton reaction mechanism over Fe-Dis@Sep was discussed.

One‐step hydrothermal synthesis of nitrogen doped reduced graphene oxide‐silver nanocomposites: Catalytic performance

The aim of this study is to efficiently utilize catalytic properties of silver nanoparticles and nitrogen doped graphene and their combined synergistic effect. For this purpose, nitrogen doped reduced graphene oxide‐silver (NrGO‐Ag) nanocomposites were synthesized by a facile, environmentally friendly, one‐pot hydrothermal method for the first time and characterized by UV–Vis, FTIR, XRD, XPS, SEM, and TEM. Catalytic activity of the synthesized nanocomposites was tested against 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) and methylene blue (MB) reduction reactions in the presence of NaBH4. Total degradation was achieved in both reactions in 210 and 44 s, and pseudo first order reaction rate constants were calculated as 0.0071 and 0.0322 s−1 for 4‐NP and MB reduction reactions, respectively.

Accelerated oxidation of iopamidol by ozone/peroxymonosulfate (O3/PMS) process: Kinetics, mechanism, and simultaneous reduction of iodinated disinfection by-product formation potential

Iopamidol (IPM) is a potential source of toxic iodinated byproducts (I-DBPs) during water disinfection. In this work, we determined the kinetics and mechanism of degradation of IPM by a combination of ozone (O3) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS, HSO5−), and assessed its effect on the formation of iodinated trihalomethanes (I-THMs) during chlorination treatment. The degradation of IPM was accelerated by the O3/PMS process, and the hydroxyl (HO•) and sulfate (SO4•−) radicals were major contributors to the degradation. Using identification of the second order reaction rate between SO4•− and IPM (kSO4•−, IPM = 1.6 × 109 M−1 s−1), the contribution of HO• to the degradation was determined to be 78.3%. The degradation of IPM was facilitated by pH > 7, and natural organic matter (NOM) and alkalinity had limited effects on the degradation of IPM in the O3/PMS process. The transformation products of IPM were determined and inferred by QTOF-MS/MS, and the degradation pathways were elucidated. These include amide hydrolysis, amino oxidation, hydrogen abstraction, deiodination, and hydroxyl radical addition. Interestingly, oxidation of IPM by O3/PMS also decreased its potential for formation of I-THMs. After oxidation of IPM, the I-THMs formed from 5-μΜ IPM decreased from 14.7 μg L−1 to 3.3 μg L−1 during chlorination. Although the presence of NOM provided the precursor of I-THMs during chlorination of IPM, the O3/PMS process decreased I-THMs formation by 71%, because oxidation of released iodide into iodate effectively inhibited I-THMs formation. This study provides a new approach for the accelerated degradation of IPM and control of the formation of I-DBPs.