Oral Talks Research Articles

Foreword for international conference on the organic chemistry of sulfur, ISOCS-28

I am pleased to present a collection of accepted papers from ISOCS-28 that represent an array of oral and plenary talks at the conference held in Tokyo, Japan from 26th – 31st August 2018. They wer...

Oral Talks

Oral Talks

International Conference on Computer Simulation in Physics and Beyond

PrefaceComputer simulations are well established third pillar of the modern natural sciences. It is the complement to the experiment and theory, and to the emerging the fourth pillar, the extraction of the new knowledge from the big data sets.This volume collects the referred papers based on plenary, invited, and oral talks, as well on the posters presented at the Third International Conference on Computer Simulations in Physics and beyond (CSP2018), which took place September 24-27, 2018 in Moscow. The Conference continues the tradition started by an inaugural conference in 2015. It took place on the campus of A.N. Tikhonov Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics in Strogino, was jointly organized by the National Research University Higher School of Economics, the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics and Science Center in Chernogolovka.The Conference is a multidisciplinary meeting, with a focus on computational physics and related subjects. Indeed, methods of computational physics prove useful in a broad spectrum of research in multiple branches of natural sciences, and this volume provides a sample.We hope that this volume will interest readers, and we are already looking forward to the next conference in the series.Moscow, RussiaNovember, 2018CSP2018 Conference Chair and Volume EditorLev Shchur

World Congress on Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

Conference series set out World Congress on Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (Toxicology 2020) which is going to be held in Rome, Italy on June 29-30, 2020. In these two days event embrace prompt keynote displays, Oral talks, Poster displays, Young analysis Forum, E-Poster presentation and Exhibitions

Всероссийская научная конференция «Почвы в биосфере», посвященная 50-летию Института почвоведения и агрохимии СО РАН

From 10 to 14 September 2018, Novosibirsk hosted the all-Russian scientific conference with international participation Soils in the biosphere (hereinafter – the Conference), dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry (ISSA) SB RAS. The Conference was attended by 140 participants from 35 regions of Russia and the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article gives a brief review of the Conference Proceedings according to its main topics: 1) zonal and provincial specifics of soil genesis and evolution; 2) theoretical and applied aspects of soil ecology; 3) soil fertility and productivity of agricultural lands; 4) actual problems of soil physics research; 5) Reclamation and soil formation in man-made landscapes; 6) state-of-the-art methods and approaches to soil and soil cover studies. At the Conference 112 oral talks ( 15 plenary and 97 sectional) were given. Materials presented are published in two volumes of the Conference Proceedings Soils in the biosphere (2018, part I and part II). The field soil excursion to the Toguchinsky district of the Novosibirsk region took place after the Conference to visit Ust-Kamenka Experimental Station of ISSA SB RAS, specializing mostly in soil erosion studies. The main purpose of the excursion was to show to the Conference participants profiles of the natural and agrogenic soils, get them acquainted with the soil formation environment in the Pre-Altay soil province of the forest-steppe zone of West Siberia, namely in Bugotak hills as one of the geomorphologic areas of this province, and to give an overview of the current problems of land use under present land administration system. The classification of all presented soils according to two national classification systems, i.e. Soil Classification of Russia (2004) and Soil Classification of the USSR (1977), as well as to the World Reference Base of Soil Resources (IUSS, 2014). A comprehensive guide manual Soils of the Pre-Altaic forest-steppe soil province of West Siberia (in the Bugotak hills)» was published (Smolentseva et al., 2018). The Conference aroused great interest of many specialists, teachers and students of soil science, agro- and biogeochemistry, ecology, landscape sciences, geomorphology, etc. The Conference reiterated the truth that such events promote experience exchange, strengthen cooperation between researchers from universities and research centers, facilitate advancement of best scientific and methodological achievements and practices, ncorporating and generalizing new information about soils in the biosphere.

Report of the Fifth Zebrafish Research Conference of China.

The fifth zebrafish research conference of China was held from October 29 to November 1, 2017, at Wuzhen, China, a beautiful small town that is close to Shanghai. The organizing committee, composed of Tao P. Zhong, Ruilin Zhang, Jie He, Xu Wang, Weijun Pan, Ying Cao, Yao Zu, Qiu Jiang, and Jiulin Du, organized enthusiastically and successfully the 4-day meeting. A total of 646 attendees from 110 academic and corporate institutions, mainly from China and also United States, Germany, Sweden, Singapore, Taiwan, and Japan, presented and discussed their recent research progresses. The packed meeting program included keynote and plenary presentations, concurrent oral talks, and poster sessions. The meeting also invited established investigators to present their research achievements in the fields of development and genetics using other model systems. The conference was a great success and revealed how important the zebrafish has become as a model system for developmental biology, functional genomics, tissue regeneration, and biomedicine.

Special Issue for Plenary and Invited Papers From the 18th China National Conference on Plasma Science and Technology

We are pleased to introduce the Special Issue for Plenary and Invited Papers from the 18th China National Conference on Plasma Science and Technology (CNCPST). The associated conference, which all the guest editors had the honor to attend, took place on July 26, 2017–July 29, 2017, in Xi’an, Shaanxi, China. The conference General Chair was Prof. C. L. Liu, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, and the Technical Program Chair was Prof. C. Chang, Xi’an Jiaotong University. A total of 12 plenary talks, 36 invited talks, 159 oral talks, and 312 posters provided an excellent platform for academic exchanges for researchers to enhance scientific communication, and further promote the research development of the Chinese domestic plasma science and technology. While the conference generally used the Chinese language, several of the opening speakers presented their talks in English, and several presented both in English and Chinese, mainly for the benefit of our English-speaking contingent. The conference was attended by high-level Chinese faculty and scientists, as well as a large contingent of students. The topics spanned a broad range of areas, from low-temperature plasmas to magnetic fusion, showing the full breadth of plasma physics in China.

Oral hygiene motivational talks for parents or guardians of children aged 5 to 8 years and its influence on the duration of composite resin restorations: a clinical study with a 24 months follow-up in Ecuador

Introduction: tissue loss due to carious processes is usually resolved with restorations, requiring abundant patient collaboration in oral hygiene. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of oral hygiene motivational talks addressed to parents or guardians of children aged 5 to 8 years on the duration of composite resins over 24 months. Methods: a prospective descriptive study was conducted in 31 children and their parents or guardians meeting the inclusion criteria. The parents and guardians were trained in oral hygiene techniques, and the participating children’s cavitated teeth were restored with composite resin, providing dental cleaning devices every 6 months during the study period. Clinical evaluations were performed every 6 months during the study period, evaluating the deterioration of restorations and the presence of visible plaque (VPI) and gingival bleeding (GBI). The data obtained were submitted to ANOVA statistical analysis and Student t-test through the STATA software. Results: There was a close relationship between oral hygiene indexes (p = 0,2019 for VPI and p = 0,6243 for GBI) and the deterioration of restorations, especially those involving proximal sides. Survival analysis showed that failure is lower in the presence of nearby caries (42.9%), with p values of 0.0045 for the occlusal-distal surface and 0.0291 for the occlusal-mesial one. Conclusion: the oral hygiene motivational talks addressed to parents or guardians of participating children influence the durability of composite resins.

Tracking progress in marine climatology

This special section accumulates articles from the Fourth JCOMM Workshop on Advances in Marine Climatology (CLIMAR-IV) held in Asheville, NC, USA from 9 to 12 June 2014. Since the first workshop in Vancouver in 1999, CLIMAR Workshops track the progress in marine climatology comprehensively covering scientific, methodological and data management issues of marine climatology (see e.g. Gulev, 2005; Gulev and Woodruff, 2011). Marine climatological data play a crucial role in assessing past and ongoing climate variability and change. Without long-term global and regional time series of marine climatological data, we cannot track global climate and quantify the ocean's role in climate variability and change. Besides estimation of variability of surface state variables, marine climatological data allow for computation of surface air–sea fluxes – the language of ocean and atmosphere communication. Also marine climatological archives provide invaluable contribution to the data assimilated by modern reanalyses, some of which are going back now to the 19th century, documenting the dynamically consistent history of the climate system. Marine climatological records (e.g. information about winds and waves) are also widely used for estimation of extreme events over the ocean, including storminess, storm surges and extreme sea level rise. These phenomena are of great importance for all types of marine structures, including operations of marine carriers and offshore engineering. Finally, marine climatological data provide an important source of in situ information for validation of satellite measurements of surface meteorological variables. However to be useful for all mentioned purposes, marine climatological data need to be accurately assembled, quality controlled and supplied with estimates of all types of uncertainties. These include measurement errors associated with the accuracy of instruments and with historical changes in observational practices which may affect not only climatological means but also estimates of climate variability. In addition to measurement errors, marine climatological data are subject to sampling uncertainties, originating from space and time inhomogeneities of sampling density, collected by merchant ships primarily along the major shipping routes. Unless these uncertainties are properly estimated, marine climatological data sets are more difficult to be effectively used for any purpose. For many years, starting from the late 1980s marine climatological data are assimilated in the International Comprehensive Ocean–atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS), representing now a unique freely available digital archive covering the period from the 17th century onwards including individual ship reports and Monthly Summary Group (MSG) statistical products. ICOADS has played a central role in all CLIMAR Workshops, and also with the alternate but associated Workshops on the Advances in the Use of Historical MARine Climate DATa (MARCDAT) focused on more technical issues of the analysis of marine data. Thus, it is very natural that CLIMAR-IV was organized in conjunction with the First ICOADS Value-Added Database (IVAD-I) Workshop held on 13 June 2014 at the same location. During CLIMAR-IV about 50 participants from around the world presented more than 50 oral talks and 10 posters organized in 8 sessions focused on all aspects of the use of marine climatological data from pre-processing and quality control to estimation of surface fluxes and assessment of climate variability and change. General and plenary discussions resulted in recommendations focused on best practices for estimation of uncertainties, developing metadata, cross-validation of marine climatological information and applications for different areas of climate and ocean science. Articles in this Special Section cover recent developments of ICOADS and guidance on the latest ICOADS Release 3.0 – the most recent and complete data set of marine climatological data (Freeman et al., 2017), problems of analysing spatially inhomogeneous data collected along the merchant ship routes (Berry and Kent, 2017; Carella et al., 2017) and impact of marine meteorological data on the estimates of variability in ocean heat content (Good, 2017). We note that many more results from the Workshop were and will be published in regular issues of International Journal of Climatology and the other relevant journals. We would like to take this opportunity to thank the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Intergovernmental Oceanographic Committee (IOC) of UNESCO and the UK National Oceanography Centre in Southampton for supporting CLIMAR-IV Workshop. Our special thanks go to the NOAA Climate Program Office for their long-term support of ICOADS. We thank the Royal Meteorological Society and our publisher Wiley and Sons for nearly two decades of support for publications on marine climatology.

National Conference on Theory of Magnetism

Preface for the Special CollectionMagnetism and magnetic properties are the important branches of condensed matter physics. The research of magnetism is closely related to the national economy, national defense security and people’s daily life. The national conference on the theory of magnetism provides an interactive platform for Chinese researchers to demonstrate their latest achievements in the recent investigations on the theoretical magnetism and related magnetic experiments, and to explore and discuss new ideas, new methods and results so as to promote further development in the theory of magnetism in China. Thirteen workshops have been successfully held since 1964. The 14th National Conference on Theory of Magnetism was held in Hefei, the capital of Anhui province, operated by the Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, on April 8-11, 2016.The opening ceremony of the Conference was chaired by Prof. Zhi Zeng from the Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Prof. Baonian Wan, the vice president of Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Prof. Wuming Liu, the Chairman of the Organizing Committee, addressed in the ceremony. 232 participants from 69 research institutes and universities attended the Conference, including more than 20 famous experts in the field of magnetism. Five top experimentalists in magnetism were invited to present their latest progresses. The talks were focused on the following seven sessions: spintronics & spin transport, quantum magnetism in nanostructures & low-dimensional systems, first-principles calculations and computational simulation of magnetic materials, quantum theory of magnetism, magnetic domain structures and macroscopic quantum phenomena, metallic & alloy magnetic materials, physics of materials under strong magnetic fields, which were very exciting and aroused strong interests of the participants.This Conference was very successful. It has made a great breakthrough in scale, distinguished in the overall high quality of academic reports, enthusiastic academic discussions, and active poster presentations, together with careful and orderly arrangements of the Program. During the two-day conference, 50 reports were presented, of which 14 were plenary lectures, 26 were invited talks, and 10 were oral talks. Poster presentation was for the first time set up in conference, with a total of 24, from which three were selected for the best poster awards. In addition, the Conference received a total of 86 abstracts. We acknowledge the editorial office and publishing house of the Acta Physica Sinica in assisting the publication of the Booklet. We also thank the British IOP Publishing Group for the first time agree to publish a special issue on Journal of Physics: Conference Series for these invited and contributed papers submitted to this Conference papers.The Organizing Committee of the conference approved the establishment of the poster session and publishing of conference papers, suggested to incorporat into the future organizing procedures, and proposed to increase the number of the best poster winners so as to attract more young scientists and postgraduates to participate the conference and share their frontier research work. The National Conference on Magnetism Theory was suggested to fix on the first weekend after the Qingming Festival and be held every two year. The 15th Conference held in 2018 will be hosted by Fujian Normal University in Fuzhou.Wuming LiuChairman of the Organizing CommitteeZhi ZengChairman of the Local Organizing CommitteeLiangJian ZouVice Chairman of the Local Organizing Committee

Agonist Recognition, Intersections, and the Ambivalence of Family Bonds: John Dewey's Critical Theory Manifesto in China

John Dewey’s lectures in China, delivered at Peking University in 1919–1920, are currently available to us in two different forms: as a translation into English from a Chinese transcript of Dewey’s oral English talks, and as the notes Dewey wrote for himself as “plot outline” for the lectures. In the paper, I argue that a conjunct reading of the two texts conveys the unique opportunity to reconstruct Dewey’s outline of a critical social philosophy. I suggest to call this outline a “critical theory manifesto,” since it presents many significant similarities with other critical-theoretical motives belonging to the Hegelian-Marxian tradition of Critical Theory. In the first part of the article, I expound on the similarities between Dewey and, in particular, Marx, Horkheimer, Adorno, and Honneth. In the second part of the paper, I highlight three original points made by Dewey that represent an improvement of Marxian-Hegelian critical theory, since they allow to build bridges between this particular critical-theoretical “school” and other critical approaches to society and politics. These points consist in: (a) Dewey’s idea of struggle for public recognition between groups; (b) the inter-sectionalist inspiration of Dewey’s social philosophy; (c) Dewey’s ambivalent assessment of intimate relationships.

International Conference on Applied Sciences (ICAS2016)

The International Conference on Applied Sciences ICAS2016 took place in Hunedoara, Romania, in the period May 25–27, 2016 at the Engineering Faculty of Hunedoara, with the aims to serve as a platform for exchange of information between various areas of applied sciences, and to promote the communication between the scientists of different nations, countries and continents.Topics of the conference covers a comprehensive spectrum of issues from:>Fundamental Sciences: Numerical approximation and analysis, Interdisciplinary applications of mathematics and physics, Modeling and Simulation, and others...>Materials Science: Metallic Materials, Composite Materials, Metal Alloys, Metallurgy, Heat Transfer, Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics, Reliability, and others...>Electrical Engineering: Circuits and Systems, Signal Processing, Computational Methods in Engineering, Software Engineering, Data Bases, and others...The conference gathered qualified researchers whose expertise can be used to develop new engineering knowledge that has applicability potential in Industry. The number of participants was almost 190 from 6 countries (China, Romania, Germany, Denmark, Italy and Republic of Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina). During the three days of the conference, 3 invited speakers and 81 oral talks were delivered.Based on the works presented at the conference, 53 selected papers have been included in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. These papers present new researches in the various fields of Materials Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Computers Engineering, and Electrical Engineering. It’s our great pleasure to present this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering to the scientific community to promote further researches in these areas. We sincerely hope that the papers published in this volume will contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the respective fields.Special thanks should be directed to the Organizing Committee for its tremendous efforts in organizing the conference:PresidentSerban Viorel-Aurel, Politehnica University of TimisoaraHonorary PresidentHarau Carmen, Parliament of Romania - Chamber of DeputiesVice-PresidentPanoiu Caius, Politehnica University of TimisoaraCoordinatorLemle Ludovic Dan, Politehnica University of TimisoaraMembersAbrudean Cristian, Politehnica University of TimisoaraAlexa Vasile, Politehnica University of TimisoaraDinis Corina, Politehnica University of TimisoaraRatiu Sorin, Politehnica University of TimisoaraSocalici Ana, Politehnica University of TimisoaraTirian Ovidiu, Politehnica University of TimisoaraGherman Lucian, Politehnica University of TimisoaraSecretariatBerdie Adela, Politehnica University of TimisoaraSerban Sorina, Politehnica University of TimisoaraThe members of the Scientific Committee who reviewed and selected the papers included in the Proceedings of ICAS2016 are:ChairmenLemle Ludovic Dan, Politehnica University of TimisoaraJiang Yiwen, Military Economics Academy of WuhanVice-ChairmenGherman Laurian, Review of the Air Force AcademyKiss Imre Acta Technica CorviniensisSession ChairmenFundamental Sciences Session: Pater Lucian Flavius, Politehnica University of TimisoaraMaterials Science Session: Bordeasu Ilare, Politehnica University of TimisoaraElectrical Engineering Session: Deaconu Sorin, Politehnica University of TimisoaraVideo-conference Session: Muscalagiu Ionel, Politehnica University of TimisoaraMembersCioaca Catalin, “Henri Coanda” Air Force Academy of BrasovConstantinescu George, “Henri Coanda” Air Force Academy of BrasovFang Zhengqi, Military Economics Academy of WuhanGuo Zhonghou, Military Economics Academy of WuhanHeput Teodor, Politehnica University of TimisoaraLesenciuc Adrian, “Henri Coanda” Air Force Academy of BrasovLi Xuewu, Military Economics Academy of WuhanLuculescu Doru, “Henri Coanda” Air Force Academy of BrasovMiron Liliana Ecaterina, “Henri Coanda” Air Force Academy of BrasovOsaci Mihaela, Politehnica University of TimisoaraPanoiu Manuela, Politehnica University of TimisoaraPinca-Bretotean Camelia, Politehnica University of TimisoaraPopa Gabriel Nicolae, Politehnica University of TimisoaraVilceanu Lucia, Politehnica University of TimisoaraZhang Lijun, Military Economics Academy of WuhanZhang Tao, Military Economics Academy of WuhanWe thank the authors for their contributions and we would also like to express our gratitude to everyone who contributed to the success of this conference.Ludovic Dan Lemle and Yiwen JiangEditors of the Proceedings of ICAS2016

19th International School on Condensed Matter Physics (ISCMP): Advances in Nanostructured Condensed Matter: Research and Innovations

We are pleased to introduce the Proceedings of the 19th International School on Condensed Matter Physics “Advances in Nanostructured Condensed Matter: Research and Innovations” (19th ISCMP). The school was held from August 28th till September 2nd, 2016 in Varna, Bulgaria. It was organized by the Institute of Solid State Physics of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (ISSP-BAS), and took place at one of the fine resorts on the Bulgarian Black Sea “Saints Constantine and Helena”.The aim of this international school is to bring together top experimentalists and theoreticians, with interests in interdisciplinary areas, with the younger generation of scientists, in order to discuss current research and to communicate new forefront ideas. This year special focus was given to discussions on membrane biophysics and quantum information, also not forgotten were some traditionally covered areas, such as characterization of nanostructured materials. Participants from 12 countries presented 28 invited lectures, 12 short oral talks and 44 posters. The hope of the organizing committee is that the 19th ISCMP provided enough opportunities for direct scientific contacts, interesting discussions and interactive exchange of ideas between the participants. The nice weather certainly helped a lot in this respect. The editors would like to thank all authors for their high-quality contributions and the members of the international program committee for their commitment.The papers submitted for publication in the Proceedings were refereed according to the publishing standards of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series. The Editorial Committee members are very grateful to the Journal’s staff for the continuous fruitful relations and for giving us the opportunity to present the work from the 19th ISCMP.Prof. DSc Hassan Chamati, Assist. Prof. Dr. Alexander A. Donkov, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Julia Genova, and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Emilia Pecheva

Neuro-oncology: a selected review of ASCO 2016 abstracts.

ASCO 2016, 29 May-2 June 2016, Chicago, IL, USA The largest annual clinical oncology conference the American Society of Clinical Oncology is held in the USA and gives researchers and other key opinion leaders the opportunity to present new cancer clinical trials and research data. The CNS tumors section of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 2016 covered various aspects of neuro-oncology including metastatic CNS diseases and primary brain tumors, presented via posters, oral talks and over 100 abstracts. This brief review selectively highlights presentations from this meeting in an organizational manner that reflects clinically relevant aspects of a large and multifaceted meeting.

ECBS & ICBS 2015 Joint Meeting: Bringing Chemistry to Life.

The European Chemical Biology Society (ECBS) and the International Chemical Biology Society (ICBS) recently organized a joint meeting in Berlin. This meeting had more than 250 participants. Four keynote lectures were given by Timothy Mitchison, David Tirrell, Carolyn Bertozzi and Jason Chin; in addition there were 13 invited speakers, 20 selected oral talks and 30 talks selected from 90 posters. The meeting was divided into six topics: chemoproteomics, epigenetics, conjugates for target delivering, anti-infectives, molecular imaging and probing the structure, and function of post-translational modifications. The highlights of the meeting are presented in this report.

ITC Tokyo 2015 Special Issue,<br>Papers from International Tribology Conference, Tokyo 2015 (Part 1)-

The 7th International Tribology Conference, Tokyo 2015, was held on 16–20 September 2015 at Katsushika Campus of Tokyo University of Science, located at the east end of Tokyo Metropolitan, Japan.At the ITC Tokyo 2015, over 600 registered participants from 30 countries and about 50 industrial exhibitors attended the conference. During the conference, about 400 oral talks and 200 posters were presented. Excellent papers submitted to the Tribology Online have subsequently undergone the normal peer-review process by multiple reviewers. Many of accepted papers were published in this Special issue, Part 1, and other papers will appear in the next Special issue, Part 2.On behalf of the ITC Tokyo 2015 Conference Committee, and the Editorial Committee of Tribology Online, I, the Chair of the ITC Tokyo 2015, and the Guest Editor of Tribology Online, acknowledge the authors’ efforts to submit their papers to these Special issues. I also express my sincere thanks to the Editors, the Reviewers, and the Publication Coordinators for their efforts to complete the peer-review processes and the publication work.

Future instrumentation in cosmic ray research

This paper is based on a rapporteur talk given at the 24th European Cosmic Ray Symposium (Kiel, Germany, September 1 - 5, 2014). The object of the talk and paper is a summary based on oral talks and posters presented in the frame of the session “Future instrumentation in cosmic ray research (INS)”.

International Conference on Applied Sciences (ICAS2014)

The International Conference on Applied Sciences (ICAS2014) took place in Hunedoara, Romania from 2-4 October 2014 at the Engineering Faculty of Hunedoara. The conference takes place alternately in Romania and in P.R. China and is organized by "Politehnica" University of Timisoara, Romania, and Military Economics Academy of Wuhan, P.R. China, with the aim to serve as a platform for exchange of information between various areas of applied sciences and to promote the communication between scientists of different nations, countries and continents.The topics of the conference covered a comprehensive spectrum of issues:1. Economical Sciences 2. Engineering Sciences 3. Fundamental Sciences 4. Medical SciencesThe conference gathered qualified researchers whose expertise can be used to develop new engineering knowledge that has the potential for application in economics, defense, medicine, etc. There were nearly 100 registered participants from six countries, and four invited and 56 oral talks were delivered during the two days of the conference.Based on the work presented at the conference, selected papers are included in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. These papers present new research in the various fields of Materials Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Computer Engineering, and Mathematical Engineering. It is our great pleasure to present this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering to the scientific community to promote further research in these areas. We sincerely hope that the papers published in this volume will contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their respective fields.

ISPO-2013 Review. A Guest Editorial for a Special Edition of the Journal SILICON

The 9th International Workshop on Silicon-Based Polymers was held at the A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS) in Moscow on September 22-25, 2013. The workshop was chaired by Prof. Aziz M. Muzafarov, Director of INEOS RAS and a Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The International Advisory Board was composed of academic and industrial scientists from the USA, UK, Poland, Japan, Germany, Russia and France. The Local Organizing Committee was ably led by the workshop secretary, Aleksandra (Sasha) Bystrova. Previous workshops had been held in Ishikawa (Japan), Canterbury (UK), Troy (USA), Honolulu (Hawaii), Montpellier (France), Busan (Korea), and Lodz (Poland). Several of these meetings were held in conjunction with other relevant meetings. This 9th workshop was immediately followed by the XII Andrianov Conference “Organosilicon Compounds, Synthesis, Properties, Applications”. The working language of the Andrianov conference was Russian whereas that of the workshop was English. The workshop was sponsored by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Dow Corning Corporation, Wacker Chemie AG, and Springer Science+Business Media. Although the weather was somewhat inclemental, the Russian hospitality was as warm as ever. Delegates had the opportunity to enjoy a guided tour of the Kremlin as well as a visit inside Lomonosov University, the largest of the Stalin-era skyscrapers known as the Seven Sisters. Another highlight was the conference dinner as we cruised down the Moscow River. The technical program consisted of 13 invited lectures, 14 oral talks and 42 posters. The topics of the

Defect‐induced effects in nanomaterials

Abstract“Crystals are like people, it is the defects in them which tend to make them interesting!” said Cambridge Professor Sir Colin Humphrey once upon a time. Today, this statement still rings true. Defects govern the properties of nanostructures to the same or even to a greater extent as they do in bulk solids. Any surface or interface is already a perturbation of an ideal solid, and the role of interfaces increases with decreasing dimensionality of objects. However, the research field of defects in nanostructures extends much farther, encompassing doping, diffusion, radiation effects, phase transitions – virtually all fields of solid‐state science and technology. A burst of research activity in two‐dimensional materials has been brought about by the isolation of graphene from bulk graphite in 2004 by Geim and Novoselov (Nobel prize in Physics 2010). The invention of efficient blue light‐emitting diodes crowned with the very recent Nobel prize in Physics awarded to Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura goes hand‐in‐hand with the defect engineering in semiconductors.The first EMRS symposium on defects in nanomaterials was held during the 2012 Fall meeting in Warsaw, and the success of the event was a motivation to organize a follow‐up symposium during the 2014 Spring Meeting in Lille. The Symposium E entitled “Defect‐induced effects in nanomaterials” attracted even more participants from all over the world, and this volume includes 36 papers based on presentations from the five days of oral and poster sessions, from May 26 to 30.The program of the symposium comprised 15 invited and 47 oral talks, as well as 98 poster presentations. The presenters came from 44 countries located on five continents: Africa, North and South America, Asia, Australia, and Europe. The following topics have been covered:– Swift heavy ion irradiation as the means to tailor nanomaterials;– Effects of grain boundaries and interfaces on diffusion and transport processes in nanomaterials;– Electronic structure of defects in nanostructures; consequences for carrier transport, magnetism, optical and electronic properties, as well as device parameters;– Creation, evolution and properties of radiation defects in nanosize materials and heterostructures; the role of interfaces, nonstoichiometry, strain and adjacent layers;– Defects in two‐dimensional materials;– Use of defects as microprobes;– Multiscale computer modeling of defect creation in nanomaterials;– Novel technological processes of micro‐, nano‐ and optoelectronics using defects and radiation effects in nanostructures.The latest achievements in theory and experiment as well as technological applications have been presented and discussed by academic and industrial researchers.We are deeply grateful to all participants who, through their valuable contributions, friendly and open discussions, turned the symposium into an exciting event. We also greatly acknowledge the financial and administrative support of the E‐MRS Headquarters which allowed the organization of the symposium. Last but not least, our thank goes to Wiley‐VCH that took over the publication of the symposium proceedings. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)