Oral Stories Research Articles

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Tari Bambu Terhadap Kemampuan Memahami Isi Cerita Lisan Siswa Kelas V SDN Mejoyolosari Kabupaten Jombang

Indonesian is an important aspect in developing speaking, reading, writing and listening skills. Understanding the contents of oral stories in Indonesian language subjects is a synthesis between aspects of reading and speaking as a form of comprehensive understanding in training precision and accuracy in understanding the contents of stories. This research aims to describe the influence of the bamboo dance learning model on the ability to understand the co Indonesian is an important aspect in developing speaking, reading, writing and listening skills. Understanding the contents of oral stories in Indonesian language subjects is a synthesis between aspects of reading and speaking as a form of comprehensive understanding in training precision and accuracy in understanding the contents of stories. This research aims to describe the influence of the bamboo dance learning model on the ability to understand the contents of oral stories of class V students at SDN Mejoyolosari Jombang Regency. The research sample was all 18 class V students. The data analysis technique uses the t test and average results. The research results prove that there is a significant influence with an average pre-test of 55.00 and post-test of 77.22, and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 (significance level guidelines). Thus, it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant influence of the bamboo dance learning model on the ability to understand the contents of oral stories of class V students at SDN Mejoyolosari, Jombang Regency. ntents of oral stories of class V students at SDN Mejoyolosari Jombang Regency. The research sample was all 18 class V students. The data analysis technique uses the t test and average results. The research results prove that there is a significant influence with an average pre-test of 55.00 and post-test of 77.22, and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 (significance level guidelines). Thus, it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant influence of the bamboo dance learning model on the ability to understand the contents of oral stories of class V students at SDN Mejoyolosari, Jombang Regency.

The Value of Ecological Wisdom in the Oral Story of the Toba Batak "Tombak Sulu Sulu": An Ethnographic Study

This research explores the values of ecological wisdom contained in Toba Batak's oral stories, especially the legend of "Tombak Sulu Sulu." The background of this research is based on the importance of environmental preservation amid the threat of ecological disasters around Lake Toba. The method used is qualitative, with an ethnographic study conducted in the Bakkara Valley. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with traditional leaders, field observations, and documentation related to the legend. The results showed that this legend contains five central values of ecological wisdom: respecting nature, living in harmony with nature, wise use of natural resources, using environmental knowledge for place naming (toponymy), and making nature a spiritual tool. These values emphasize the importance of harmonious relationships between humans and the environment that can be integrated into nature conservation and sustainable development efforts. This research offers a new perspective on how traditional narratives can build societal ecological awareness.

Revitalising a fading oral culture through innovative animation production: an experiment with Bodo oral narratives

PurposeThe paper aims to explore animation as a medium to revive the oral narrative of the Bodo community. The Bodo oral narratives are crucial for preserving the tribe's traditional values, but modernization is endangering their oral tradition. Transmitting folk culture to youth is crucial for its continuity and knowledge retention. The objective of the study was to examine the use of animation design approach for the transmission of oral narratives to the young generation.Design/methodology/approachThis design exploration involves a case study, field visit, user study, expert interaction for authentication and questionnaire-based survey. The approach integrates the animation design process with a popular myth of the Bodo tribe's musical instrument, Serja. This exploration seeks to visually present a reliable version of the story based on expert advice and published articles using instructional animation technique.FindingsThe positive response in the user survey suggests that the animation design exploration effectively represented the traditional and cultural aspects of the Bodo community. Feedback and comments from the participants have confirmed that animation can enhance the storytelling experience by effectively communicating oral stories.Research limitations/implicationsThe exploration in this research tries to establish a visual representation of the oral narratives of the Bodo community for the younger generation.Practical implicationsThe exploration in this research tries to establish a visual representation of the oral narratives of the Bodo community for the younger generation.Social implicationsBy using the digital medium, indigenous communities can sustain a long-lasting legacy of their oral stories.Originality/valueThe paper acknowledges the authentic essence of Bodo culture, rooted in their oral stories. Furthermore, it effectively captured and conveyed this essence using an animation design approach.

설화의 국가무형유산 종목 지정을 위한 제언

As Korea joined the “UNESCO Convention” in 2005, Korea implemented the “Intangible Cultural Property Act” in 2016. As a result, a field of “Ra(라). Oral Tradition and Expression”, was newly established, making it possible to designate a national cultural heritage item for folktales. Nevertheless, until August 2024, not a single event has been realized in the designation of national intangible heritage of folktales. This is due to the view that since the 1980s, the traditional Iyagipan(이야 기판) has disappeared, and the transmission of oral stories has also been cut off. However, this recognition is a misunderstanding caused by denying that the current transmission of folktales continues actively through the “Beautiful Story Grandma” project and numerous old story telling channels on YouTube etc. Another position against the designation of folktales as national intangible heritage is the opinion that Gureongdeongdeongsinseonbi(구 렁덩덩신선비), Kongji Patzzi(콩쥐팥쥐) are folktales with global universality and lack uniqueness, and can lead to conflict with other countries. However, the value of folktales can be found in various realization patterns such as national identity and cultural uniqueness. Therefore, the designation of a national intangible heritage item of folktales is an important task to protect our identity and uniqueness. Finally, I would like to suggest some opinions to revitalize the designation of folktales as national intangible heritage items. It is urgent to clarify the value of intangible heritage of the current transmission of folktales and to redefine the definition, category, and classification system of the “Ra(라)” field. In addition, systematic policy establishment and long-term research projects should be promoted, and the discovery of local intangible heritage should be actively supported. Aside from that, the construction of a digital archive of folktales should protect and promote the current transmission of folktales.

Conceptual subordination in the oral retelling of Spanish-speaking children

Although retelling as a technique to assess narration has been widely used, the input modality seems to impact in different ways on the elicited text, generating a debate about the biases that may appear. To contribute to this discussion, the objective of this study is to describe the development of conceptual subordination and its forms of coding in the oral stories of Spanish-speaking children as well as its relationship with the source text. The stories of 28 five-year-old Chilean school children collected through a retelling task were studied. The analysis consisted of firstly assessing the production of conceptual subordination through the identification of asymmetric links between states of affairs. Then, the encoding forms that instantiated these links were classified. Finally, indices were constructed and applied to compare the children’s texts with the source text. During the comparative analysis with the input, three qualitative categories emerged: similar production, reformulation and new link. The results showed that the participants’ stories present significantly less production of conceptual subordination link than the source text. However, the children were able to create new links that were not presented in the story and reformulated others, as evidence of an interpretive process that goes beyond the mere reproduction of the input in these types of tasks. Regarding the encoding forms, the results were very similar between the source text and the children’s text without significant differences. Both in source texts and children’s texts, the prototypical forms of Spanish dominated, allowing us to conclude a possible input bias.

Analisis Nilai Religi Dalam Cerita Rakyat Tradisi Meron

The aim of this research is to analyze the narrative structure and religious values ​​contained in the oral stories of the Meron Tradition. This research was designed qualitatively and used an analytical method based on Axel Olrix's theory. The results of the analysis show that the Meron Tradition oral stories prioritize narrative structure to build the storyline. The author uses literature study techniques to collect data by reading, taking notes, and processing research materials. They also use Triagulation techniques to ensure the validity of the data. Triangulation uses something other than the data for checking or comparison. The narrative structure in the Meron Tradition oral story is an interrelated and interdependent component. One of the religious values ​​in the Meron Tradition story is worship, gratitude, trust, respect and the example of the Prophet Muhammad SAW.

The Oral Panji Story Rendered by the Javanese Mask Puppet Show

This study focuses on the rendition of the oral Panji Story, registered in Unesco’s Memory of The Word Register in 2017, by the Javanese Mask Puppet Show. We demonstrate that in telling the story, the performer does not use a prepared script. The story is “fluid”, with several variations and innovations based on the performer’s interpretation. Its composition depends on both the context of the performance and its length. In Javanese culture, the creativity of the performer (dalang) extends only to the way he renders the story, whereas its title and the order of events are a “public property”. The nyantrik method is a mode whereby the tradition is passed down from one generation to another. The method not merely ensures the transfer of the performer’s knowledge and experience to other people, but maintains the connection with the Almighty. We analyze the specificity of rendering an oral story in traditional performing art.

Labour migration of young women from the village to the capital in Bulgaria: A case study of woman servantry in Vakarel

The article is devoted to the maiden servantry in Bulgaria – a relatively late social phenomenon, but with important cultural and social consequences. It is also an indicator of the early modernization of Bulgarian society in the first half of the twentieth century. Using the example of Vakarel in Middle Western Bulgaria, the authors define servantry as a social mediator, facilitating the spread of urban culture and European models in the Shopluk villages around the capital Sofia. The emergence and development of female servantry as an enduring and sustainable social practice charts a path of change in marriage strategies and family patterns in a small rural community and thus in society as a whole. Gradually, from an escape from the adverse socio-economic factors and the harsh life in the village, temporary employment as a servant in the home of a wealthy family in the big city became an important moment in the young girl's growth and socialization, a condition for successful realization of family strategies in the rural environment. As a social phenomenon, servanthood has remained positively valued in the collective memory of the locals as part of the oral stories told within the family.

An exploratory characterization of speech- and fine-motor coordination in verbal children with Autism spectrum disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder often associated with difficulties in speech production and fine-motor tasks. Thus, there is a need to develop objective measures to assess and understand speech production and other fine-motor challenges in individuals with ASD. In addition, recent research suggests that difficulties with speech production and fine-motor tasks may contribute to language difficulties in ASD. In this paper, we explore the utility of an off-body recording platform, from which we administer a speech- and fine-motor protocol to verbal children with ASD and neurotypical controls. We utilize a correlation-based analysis technique to develop proxy measures of motor coordination from signals derived from recordings of speech- and fine-motor behaviors. Eigenvalues of the resulting correlation matrix are inputs to Gaussian Mixture Models to discriminate between highly-verbal children with ASD and neurotypical controls. These eigenvalues also characterize the complexity (underlying dimensionality) of representative signals of speech- and fine-motor movement dynamics, and form the feature basis to estimate scores on an expressive vocabulary measure. Based on a pilot dataset (15 ASD and 15 controls), features derived from an oral story reading task are used in discriminating between the two groups with AUCs > 0.80, and highlight lower complexity of coordination in children with ASD. Features derived from handwriting and maze tracing tasks led to AUCs of 0.86 and 0.91, however features derived from ocular tasks did not aid in discrimination between the ASD and neurotypical groups. In addition, features derived from free speech and sustained vowel tasks are strongly correlated with expressive vocabulary scores. These results indicate the promise of a correlation-based analysis in elucidating motor differences between individuals with ASD and neurotypical controls.

The prism of time: the factor of information transfer

The article is aimed at a general analysis of events and circumstances influencing the change and/ or distortion of historical information over time. The methodological basis of the article implies a set of principles and methods of cognition, the choice of which is determined by interdisciplinary approachesto the disclosure of the topic, the assigned tasks, and the specifics of the sources. In the research process, critical and comparative methods of analysis of sources of ancient information are used as well as analysis and systematization of events and circumstances influencing the information with their subsequent classification. The scientific novelty of the research is defined by the fact that, in contrast to the generally accepted analysis of individual cases of distortion of information, this study attempts to identify groups and types of events and circumstances that influenced or could influence the distortion of information throughout the entire period of its existence, and subsequently systematize and classify them as separate phenomena or factors that shall be taken into account when studying such information. The results of the research are based on the analysis of ancient information as well as on the analysis of many events and circumstances that influenced or could influence the perception of such information or its physical distortion. Given the limited time frame, this study analyzes events and circumstances that can be attributed to only one type, since all of them are associated only with the transfer of information from one medium to another (for example, when recording an oral story on a hard medium, when restoring text from the original, when editing, copying or translating text, or the other way of transferring information to a new medium). These events and circumstances are combined into a factor, which can roughly be called “the factor of information transfer”. At the same time, during the study, it was established that the influence of this factor on information mostly occurred for three reasons, namely: due to negligence, ignorance, or pretense.

The Influence of Big Book Media on Children's Empathetic Behavior

This research discusses the influence of using big-book media on children's empathetic behavior. The research method used is quasi-experimental. This research aims to increase children's empathetic behavior by using big book media. Based on the results of the t-test, the post-test scores of the experimental and control groups show that the significance value is 0.005. The significance value states that it is smaller than 0.05. then it can be stated that the hypothesis is accepted, which means there is a significant difference between the post-test results of the experimental group and the control group. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the posttest results of the experimental group whose learning used big book media and the control group whose learning used oral stories.

The tale and the enchantment: approach to the popular tale in the textbook from the perspective of BNCC and Literary Literacy

This article aims to present the traditional oral folktale and how this literary genre is approached in textbooks. It is the result of a research of a basic nature that aims to explain in a quantitative and qualitative way the approach to the folktale in these manuals. The research was carried out through a bibliographic survey on popular tale, such as studies by Propp (2010), Jolles (1976), Dundes (1996), Cascudo (2004), Romero (2008), Lima (2005) among others. The teaching of literature was also discussed from the perspective of how the BNCC (BRASIL, 2018) addresses the importance of the folktale in the classroom, specific guidelines for this modality of Popular Literature are presented, since the oral story enriches the our cultural identity. As a theoretical framework, we used studies by Cosson (2021) and Coenga (2010) on literary literacy to analyze the sampling of selected textbooks. The analysis of 51 manuals showed that the approach to folk tales in these books does not satisfactorily promote literary literacy, therefore, it is necessary for this genre to be approached in a more efficient way, considering the aesthetic aspects of folk tales.

Oral storytelling: humanity's first data management system?

Occupation of the foraging niche requires an extensive body of ecological knowledge, and humans rely heavily on social learning to master this curriculum in a safe, efficient, timely manner. This presents a formidable information management problem: In the absence of writing, how did ancestral hunter-gatherer societies accurately store and transmit their accumulated knowledge from generation to generation? Pronounced patterns in forager oral story corpora suggest a partial answer. Cross-culturally, these stories exhibit similar themes, genres, and characters, which in turn map onto critical domains of ecological knowledge. These stories also exhibit pronounced consistencies in their formal properties, predictably utilizing strategies that engage attention (e.g., ostensive communication) and facilitate memorization (e.g., repetition, rhythm, imagery). These patterns suggest that storytelling is an information technology that addresses key problems posed by our entry into the information niche: in conjunction with other forms of symbolic behavior (e.g., ritual, visual art, song, dance, games) storytelling provides a mnemonic framework for encoding accumulated knowledge, rules for faithfully copying it, and regular occasions for refreshing and transmitting it. Collectively, these behaviors may have been instrumental in the emergence of cumulative culture.

The Utilization of Ternate Oral Tradition for The Identification of Potential Disasters

Oral traditions, as an integral part of a society's belief system, not only serve as a guide for society in daily life, such as interactions between members of society and other people, and even with nature or the environment, but they also serve as recorders of history and culture, including natural events. This paper aims to describe the oral traditions of Ternate to identify potential natural disasters that hit Ternate City in particular and North Maluku in general. Therefore, the author uses the theory of myth function to embody the main research problem. The approach used in this paper is semiotics, especially in interpreting natural disasters that occurred in the past through codes contained in oral stories or legends. The research results show that the people of Ternate can only explain a few natural events in the past. Then, it is ontologically digested into myth to symbolise the cosmic-mystical realm of thought. Apart from that, the results of this reflection are related to cause-and-effect events, give rise to rules of behaviour, and become local intellectual ideals. However, records of natural phenomena or past events in myths or legends can, in theory, be linked to the truth and thus make cycles of disaster predictable. On the other hand, in a formal educational setting, this legend can be used to teach about mitigation. Legends about the mysterious origins of certain lakes are thought to include aspects of disaster or mitigation in Ternate.

Labour migration of young women from the village to the capital in Bulgaria:A case study of woman servantry in Vakarel.

The article is devoted to the maiden servantry in Bulgaria - a relatively late social phenomenon, but with important cultural and social consequences. It is also an indicator of the early modernization of Bulgarian society in the first half of the twentieth century. Using the example of Vakarel in Middle Western Bulgaria, the authors define servantry as a social mediator, facilitating the spread of urban culture and European models in the Shopluk villages around the capital Sofia. The emergence and development of female servantry as an enduring and sustainable social practice charts a path of change in marriage strategies and family patterns in a small rural community and thus in society as a whole. Gradually, from an escape from the adverse socio-economic factors and the harsh life in the village, temporary employment as a servant in the home of a wealthy family in the big city became an important moment in the young girl's growth and socialization, a condition for successful realization of family strategies in the rural environment. As a social phenomenon, servanthood has remained positively valued in the collective memory of the locals as part of the oral stories told within the family.

ТЕМА РАЗРУШЕНИЯ ЦЕРКВЕЙ В ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЯХ АЛТАЙСКИХ ПОЭТОВ 1970–1990-Х ГГ.

The article is devoted to the study of lyrical texts of Altai poets M. I. Yudalevich, N. V. Gaiduk, G. P. Panov; in particular the author analyzes the specifics of the implementation of the themes of desecration of the church and destruction of temples. The motives of breaking down the church, converting the temple (into an industrial building), throwing down bells, stealing icons appear in the poetry of Altai authors, on the one hand, in connection with oral stories about the desecration of religious buildings and symbols of religious faith that existed in Russian folk culture, on the other hand, the return of images of churches to the poetry of the 1970–90s was initiated by the “quiet lyricist” N. M. Rubtsov.

Актуализация ОБРАЗОВ И стереотипов ОБЫДЕННОГО и профессионального СОЗНАНИЯ в устных рассказах о челябинском метеорите

The article is devoted to the analysis of images and stereotypes of everyday and professional consciousness represented in oral stories about the Chelyabinsk meteorite. The stories include various linguistic means for describing and considering the unique phenomenon that occurred on the morning of February 15, 2013. For the first time in the world history a large space body (in scientific terms an asteroid, meteoroid or bolide) flew and exploded over an industrialized and densely populated region, causing considerable destruction. The article views the stories of people who witnessed the event. Some of these stories were recorded in different years and stored in the folklore archive of the South Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University, others were published in the popular science book “Chelyabinsk Superbolide” and the newspaper of Chelyabinsk State University “University Embankment.” The authors of the article consider that the stories reflect the subjective image of the objective world, largely due to the experience of people. The basis for the storytellers’ describing and interpreting what they saw and experienced includes either ordinary images and stereotypes (fire, car headlights, fireworks, building noise), or images and stereotypes characteristic of professional consciousness (shock wave, inversion trail, welding arc radiation, etc.) A certain part of the oral stories about the Chelyabinsk meteorite demonstrates the transition from the use of images and stereotypes of everyday consciousness to understanding the event in line with the folklore tradition. The analysis proved that a person’s cognitive activity relies on existing knowledge schemes, on the one hand, and is focused on the conceptual system of a particular individual, on the other hand.

The Female Face of the Air City: The Memory of the Everyday Life of the Inhabitants of Zhukovsky During the Thaw

The women’s history of the settlement near Moscow, which became the city of Zhukovsky, is reconstructed by the authors on the basis of oral stories and publications of memoirs and other ego-documents. The purpose of the analysis is to decipher the peculiarities of perception and interpretation by the community of town residents of the realities of everyday life as a space of adaptive behavior. Reflections on the sequences of published memoirs and unstructured biographies of Zhukovsky’s old-timers collected by the authors revealed special constellations of collective and individual memory, typical of science cities (in particular, an air city). On the one hand, the high proportion of corporate culture, the presence of special supplies that made life easier, the liberal atmosphere of cultural life, designed the basis of social optimism, born half a century or more ago and passed on to children and even a generation later to grandchildren. On the other hand, the city of aviators was part of the Soviet social and economic model, and “ordinary” women (not the wives of designers or prominent scientists) had to experience considerable difficulties, sometimes not reflected in memory (this is a long life in the barracks, and gender inequality in labor relations and salaries, and the general severity of women’s life, characteristic of Soviet conditions, etc.), which left their mark and somewhat corrected the discourse of “sovnostalgia” typical of residents of Soviet science cities. Memory of everyday life of Zhukovsky women in the 1950s–60s. becomes a confirmation of the fusion and flow of the individual with the collective.

Climate Change, Remodelling of Oral Tales and the Changing Ways of Life: The Case of the Sangu of Tanzania

African oral literature is not static; it changes in accordance with and in relation to the changes occurring in the society it reflects. As a rich source of varying degrees of information, African oral literature depicts the changing human conditions and behaviour like climate and related environmental conditions, crime, political instability, disease amongst others; and provides requisite solutions to such piercing and compelling global challenges. This paper presents a textual analysis of four (4) Sangu oral tales to show how the Sangu of south-west Tanzania have been remodelling their tales in relation to the changing human life conditions. It scrutinises “iJungwa Sikhandi Vaanu” (lit. trans. ‘elephants were once human beings’), “Umutwa nu Mwehe Waakwe” (‘the chief and his wife’), “Umuhinja ni Nyula” (‘a girl and the frogs’), and “Kwashi iNwiga sina Singo Nali”(‘why giraffes have long necks’), which were part of the 20 tales collected during in-depth interviews held with Sangu storytellers. The selection of these four tales was based in their suiting the climate change theme and remodelling. The study found that oral stories display unique knowledge of a particular people pertaining to climate change and adaptation. Moreover, it emerged that sustainable solutions to the current environmental crisis are embedded in people’s environment-related oral narratives.

Калмыки-спецпереселенцы в Аральском районе Казахстана в документах и воспоминаниях очевидцев

Introduction. The article is devoted to the history of the Kalmyks who were in exile (1943–1957) on the territory of the Aral region in Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to highlight individual materials from documents about Kalmyk special settlers and to introduce into scientific circulation the information about oral stories of deported Kalmyks who were exiled to the Aral region of Kyzylordinskaya oblast of the Kazakh SSR. Results. The deportation of a part of the Kalmyk people to the Aral region of Kyzylordinskaya oblast of the Kazakh SSR was initially not planned. However, the decision to evict the Kalmyks to this region was made immediately after the adoption of the documents on the deportation of the Kalmyk people, and on January 2, 1944, the district committee of the CPSU (b) and the district council were already considering the resettlement of Kalmyks sent to the Aral region. The destination of the SK-406 train was the Aral Sea railway station. The deportation of part of the Kalmyks, residents of the sea-side Lagan ulus, to the Aral region was due to the aim of the authorities to use the deportees in the fishing industry, which suffered significant damage during the period of hostilities in the European part of the territory of the USSR and thus which faced huge tasks to ensure the front and rear. The deported to the Aral region Kalmyks experienced the same restrictions in rights and deprivation as those Kalmyks who found themselves in the regions of Siberia. At the same time, the relatively compact settlement of the large group and the milder climate, compared to the Siberian one, were favorable factors. The Kalmyks left a mark in the memory of the local population of the Aral region of Kazakhstan. The chief doctors of the hospitals E. N. Lidzhiev, previously the People's Commissar of Health of the Kalmyk ASSR, and V. B. Mukharaev, who also became famous for his participation in the film “Daughter of the Steppes” (1954), gained special fame among the population here. The respect for Kalmyks is also manifested in the memory of famous figures who showed themselves after returning to their homeland, but who spent their youth in the Aral region: the memory of them is alive among the Kazakh population.