Oral Stimulation Program Research Articles

Prolonged Oral Motor Stimulation Treatment was Effective for Breastfeeding Achievement in Full Term Infants With Feeding Problems

Objectives: Feeding problems can occur in early-term infants born at 37 weeks. Early-term and full-term infants may benefit from oral motor therapy to attain successful breastfeeding. The present study aims to determine the impact of the 5-minute premature infant oral motor intervention (PIOMI) and the 15-minute oral stimulation program (15-minute oral stimulation program) on 37 to 41 weeks infants in attaining successful breastfeeding. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on early-term and full-term infants in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of two hospitals in Mashhad City, Iran. They were randomly divided into two intervention groups (5-minute PIOMI or 15-minute oral stimulation program) and one control group (17 infants in each group). These three groups were then compared to each other after the intervention by pediatricians and speech and language specialists regarding their breastfeeding. All statistical analysis was performed using R software, version 4.0.2, and the significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Infants in both intervention groups attained different levels of breastfeeding compared to pre-intervention. This outcome could be due to our interventions or natural growth and development (P<0.05). However, the longer the infants’ oral motor therapy time was, the more likely they were to breastfeed successfully. The 15-minute oral stimulation program group had a significantly higher number of male infants attaining breastfeeding after treatment than the control and PIOMI groups (P=0.03). Discussion: The PIOMI has been confirmed as an effective early intervention for small preterm infants as young as 29 weeks, and the short 5-minute therapy time is accepted in the preterm infant population. The program affects the brain’s plasticity and improves neurosensory and motor skill development for feeding. The current study indicates that PIOMI remains effective versus the control group in the full-term babies. However, the longer 15-minute oral stimulation program, is more effective in full-term infants. This finding shows that full-term infants can endure and benefit from longer than 5 minutes per day of oral motor therapy.

Pengaruh Penerapan Oral Motor Untuk Anak Speech Delay Usia 2-4 Tahun

Speech is one aspect of child development that starts from birth. By talking, children can communicate to those around them about themselves, about their condition and about what they want to convey. A child is said to be late in speaking if at the age the ability to process vocals and communicate is not in accordance with the age of the development period or is below the average age of the child. The impact that will be very visible and clearly felt is when communicating with the environment and experiencing difficulties in adaptation and socialization. Oro motor is the movement of the mouth (oral). In newborns this ability is carried out reflexively, then through the learning process an automatic and skilled oromotor will be achieved. Oral motor training is the coordination and movement of hard tissue, soft tissue, vascular system, and control of the nerves in the face and mouth areas that form the function of oral motor. Coordination of these structures is essential for speech, chewing and swallowing with a wide variety of food textures. In general, this paper is to review the results of research that identifies oral motor stimulation increasing the function of orofacial muscles in speech delay children. Method; qualitative descriptive with SSR (Single Subject Research) technique. Literature Review: The oral motor stimulation program includes activities to improve tongue literacy, lip control and chewing power. Oral motor stimulation includes active exercises and passive exercises. Results: The oral motor stimulation program can improve the function of orofacial muscles in children such as pronouncing letters, swallowing food and breathing properly. Language and speech disorders are a type of communication disorder which is indicated by a disturbance in the symbolic process. Language and speech disorders can be caused by disorders of the nervous system or abnormalities in organs related to language and speech processes. Oral motor stimulation can improve the functional ability of the muscles in the mouth area. Good oral motor skills will support the child's speech process.

Pengaruh Penerapan Oral Motor Untuk Anak Speech Delay Usia 2-4 Tahun

Speech is one aspect of child development that starts from birth. By talking, children can communicate to those around them about themselves, about their condition and about what they want to convey. A child is said to be late in speaking if at the age the ability to process vocals and communicate is not in accordance with the age of the development period or is below the average age of the child. The impact that will be very visible and clearly felt is when communicating with the environment and experiencing difficulties in adaptation and socialization. Oro motor is the movement of the mouth (oral). In newborns this ability is carried out reflexively, then through the learning process an automatic and skilled oromotor will be achieved. Oral motor training is the coordination and movement of hard tissue, soft tissue, vascular system, and control of the nerves in the face and mouth areas that form the function of oral motor. Coordination of these structures is essential for speech, chewing and swallowing with a wide variety of food textures. In general, this paper is to review the results of research that identifies oral motor stimulation increasing the function of orofacial muscles in speech delay children. Method; qualitative descriptive with SSR (Single Subject Research) technique. Literature Review: The oral motor stimulation program includes activities to improve tongue literacy, lip control and chewing power. Oral motor stimulation includes active exercises and passive exercises. Results: The oral motor stimulation program can improve the function of orofacial muscles in children such as pronouncing letters, swallowing food and breathing properly. Language and speech disorders are a type of communication disorder which is indicated by a disturbance in the symbolic process. Language and speech disorders can be caused by disorders of the nervous system or abnormalities in organs related to language and speech processes. Oral motor stimulation can improve the functional ability of the muscles in the mouth area. Good oral motor skills will support the child's speech process.

The effectiveness of Kinesio taping on nutritive sucking in premature infants admitted to the NICU: a randomized clinical trial

ABSTRACT Objective Oral feeding is one of the greatest challenges for preterm infants and a cause of delay in discharge for these infants. Interventions that result in more rapid achievement of oral feeding are necessary for these infants. In a randomized trial, we investigated and compared the use of kinesio tape (KT) as a new approach to oral stimulation (OS) on the nutritive sucking of premature infants admitted to the NICU. Methods The randomized controlled experimental study was conducted on 26 preterm infants, 8 of whom were did not meet study criteria, and 18 enrolled and randomized. The infants were divided into two groups by the simple randomization method. In the KT group (n = 9), KT + OS was used, while in the OS group (n = 9), only OS was used. The number of days from the start of the intervention to the first and full oral feeding was compared between the two groups. Results and conclusions After the start of the intervention, infants in the KT group achieved the first and full oral feeding in significantly fewer days than the OS group (p = 0.025; p = 0.011). Premature infants who received KT with an oral stimulation program achieved the first and full oral feeding earlier than infants who received an oral stimulation program only. It appears that the use of KT + OS can effectively accelerate the achievement of feeding milestones. This is clinically significant and may reduce the length of stay (LOS) and ultimately the negative consequences and costs of hospitalization for this population.

Effectiveness of multistimulation approach on feeding habits of low-birth-weight babies-A randomized control trial.

IntroductionLow- birth- weight neonates face oral feeding difficulties due to hemodynamic instability, immaturity of central nervous systems, and incomplete development of oral functions. Use of several interventions might help in improvement of the feeding ability of neonates. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of the multistimulation approach in low-birth-weight babies on the oral feeding performance, oral intake volume, weight gain and transition time from tube to total oral intake.MethodsA Randomized, parallel-group, multiple arm trial study was conducted, and a total of 44 low birth weight babies were randomized into three parallel groups with a 2:1:1 ratio. Babies who are Hemodynamically stable were included in the trial. In two Intervention groups, one received an oral stimulation program, another intervention group received tactile stimulation, and the control group received routine newborn procedures for the same duration of time. Oral feeding performance was determined by Oral Feeding Skills (OFS) on a daily basis for five days after providing ten days of intervention. Neonates were monitored until hospital discharge.ResultsInfants in the stimulation groups had significantly better oral feeding performance than infants in the control group in terms of mean proficiency, transfer rate and overall transfer of feeding volume. There was a substantial increase in mean feeding score, daily weight, oral intake volume, and early transition time in both intervention groups compared to control. There was no significant difference in feeding behaviours between the oromotor and multistimulation groups, but the multistimulation group gained more weight compared to the oromotor group.ConclusionsInfants exposed to the stimulation programme had better feeding skills and a shorter transition period from tube feeding to oral feeding; however, the babies who received multistimulation gained greater weight than babies who received only oromotor stimulation. The study recommends multi stimulation in the form of oromotor, and tactile stimulation can be used as an effective NICU procedure for maintaining an infant's ability to take feeds orally before being discharged from the hospital.

Effect of an early oral stimulation program on oral feeding in preterm neonates

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of prefeeding oral stimulation program on feeding performance, weight gain, and length of hospital stay of preterm infants in neonatal ICUs.BackgroundPrevious research has declared that poor oral-motor developments in premature infants are common. So, most of the preterm infants require individualized therapy. Early intervention of oral-motor management on feeding pattern improves the outcome.Patients and methodsTo reach the goal of this research, a case–control study was conducted. A total of 50 preterm infants were divided into two groups: (a) interventional group (25 preterm infants), which received prefeeding oral stimulation program by stimulation of the oral and perioral structures for 5 min for 10 days and was started immediately after delivery, and (b) control group (25 preterm infants), which did not receive stimulation. Postmenstrual age, total intake volume, body weight, the transition time from initiation of oral feeding to full oral feeding, and feeding efficiency were calculated.ResultsWe found that the mean oral feeding duration was significantly lower among intervention group compared with control group (P = 0.04). The percentage of weight change was significantly higher among intervention group compared with control group (P = 0.03).ConclusionOur study reveals that early sensory oral-motor stimulation with nonnutritive sucking in preterm infants may be effective to expedite oral feeding and hospital discharge. A touch therapy program may confer a statistically significant weight gain for premature babies at much shorter intervals, which leads to a shorter hospital stay.

Effect of Oral Sensory Stimulation Program with Expressed Breast Milk on Breastfeeding Outcomes of Preterm Newborns

Effect of Oral Sensory Stimulation Program with Expressed Breast Milk on Breastfeeding Outcomes of Preterm Newborns

Experiencia de aplicación de un programa de estimulación del lenguaje realizado en aulas inclusivas de kínder

Background and objectiveAn inclusive school offer support to children with special educational needs in a context of regular education. A special education need can be frequently found in the school population is the Specific Language Impairment (SLI), this implies alterations at level to linguistic and metalinguistic skills that could impact the academic performance of the students who suffer from it. The available information about the procedures and strategies that allow to scaffold the linguistic development of children with SLI that registered on inclusive Chilean schools is scarce. The objective of the present investigation is to analyze the effect of an oral language stimulation program, applied in the Preschool common classroom throughout an inclusive-collaborative intervention model. Materials and methodsA pre-post test study of a single group of 28 SLI subjects has been carried out, this sample was distributed in 4 preschool classrooms. The program was executed collaboratively between speech therapists and educators and included 30 sessions, in which lexicon, phonological awareness, comprehension and narrative production were worked on. The stimulated skills were evaluated before and after applying the program through instruments with norms for the Chilean population. ResultsOnce the program was completed, there was a significant increase in students’ performance in the comprehension and expression of narratives, passive lexicon and phonological awareness. ConclusionsThe collaborative work in the context of the common classroom is beneficial to increase the linguistic and metalinguistic performance of students with SLI.

Prefeeding Oromotor Stimulation Program for Improving Oromotor Function in Preterm Infants — A Randomized Controlled Trial

To determine effect of Premature Infant Oral Motor Intervention program on oro-motor function and time to full independent wati spoon feeds in preterm infants. 30 preterm infants between 28-32 weeks of gestation on full gavage feeds of 150 mL/kg/day were randomized to receive either pre-feed oro-motor stimulation using Premature Infant Oral Motor Intervention (structured stimulation) or sham intervention (unstructured stimulation). Improvement in mean (SD) Neonatal Oro-Motor Assessment Scale (NOMAS) over 7 days from baseline was significantly higher in the study group infants as compared to control group (9.25 (1.73) vs 4.79 (1.52), P=0.001). Infants in the study group reached full independent wati spoon feeds significantly earlier than the infants in control group (4.0 (0.8) d; vs 6.64 (1.0) d; P=0.001). There was significant increase in weight gain after enrolment in infants in study group compared to those in control group. Oral stimulation program improves the oro-motor skills and growth velocity in 28-32 week preterm infants. There is decreased transition time from gavage to full independent feeds by mouth.

Effectiveness of oral motor stimulation administered by mothers of preterm infants- A pilot study

ObjectiveThe study evaluated the effectiveness of teaching mothers of very preterm infants, an oral motor stimulation protocol. DesignSingle blinded randomized controlled trial. ParticipantsTwenty one mothers of very premature infants (≤32 weeks) were randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 10) and control groups (n = 11). MethodsMothers in the intervention group were trained to administer an oral motor stimulation program for their infant. In the control group the intervention was administered by the therapist. The outcome measures and neonatal breastfeeding behaviors were recorded and assessed by a blinded observer. ResultsThe behavioral state at the start of breastfeeding, the quiet alert state, was significantly better in the intervention group. Outcomes such as length of hospitalization, average weight gain per day and time to transition to complete oral feeds were not significantly different between the groups. ConclusionAs a measure of family centered care, teaching mothers to administer oral motor stimulation for their infants, improves feeding behavior.

Effect of Oral Stimulation and Non-Nutritive Sucking Program on Feeding Readiness of Preterm Infants

Postpartum The aim of this study was to assess the effect of oral stimulation and non nutritive sucking program on: The feeding readiness (sucking and feeding ability) of preterm infants, the behavioral states of preterm infants, and the feeding-related physiological changes of preterm infants. A quasi experimental (intervention) study design was utilized to achieve the aim of this study. The study was conducted at NICU in Benha University Hospital, and NICUs at Benha Specialized Pediatric Hospital affiliated to Ministry of Health. Sample consists of 52 preterm infant. The tools of data collection were a structured interviewing questionnaire sheet for the preterm infant, and preterm infant oral feeding readiness assessment scale. The results revealed that, there were statistical significant differences between pre and post application of oral stimulation and non-nutritive sucking program for preterm infants regarding their readiness to oral feeding. It was concluded from the study that applying oral stimulation and non-nutritive sucking program had a positive effect on enhancing sucking and feeding readiness of preterm infants, in addition, improving the oral feeding performance. The study recommended that emphasizing the importance of applying oral stimulation and non-nutritive sucking program, on feeding readiness and transition to gavage and oral feeding, which is effective and safe non invasive intervention in all NICUs as a standard of care for all preterm infants.

The Effects of Non-Nutritive Sucking and Pre-Feeding Oral Stimulation on Time to Achieve Independent Oral Feeding for Preterm Infants.

Background:The survival rates of preterm infants has increased over the last years, but oral feeding difficulties are the most common problems encountered by them Objectives:This study aimed at comparing the effects of non-nutritive sucking (NNS) and pre-feeding oral stimulation on feeding skills, length of hospital stay and weight gain of 26-32 weeks gestational age preterm infants in NICU, to determine the more effective intervention.Patients and Methods:Thirty-two preterm infants were assigned randomly into three groups. One intervention group received pre-feeding oral stimulation program and the other received non-nutritive sucking stimulation, while the control group received a sham intervention. Gestational age of infants was calculated during 1, 4 and 8 oral feeding and discharge time from NICU. The infants’ weights were measured weekly from birth and at discharge time.Results:Mean gestational age on 8 time oral feeding per day, in 3 groups was not significant (P = 0.282). Although NNS and pre-feeding oral stimulation groups has fulfilled this criterion 7.55 and 6.07 days sooner than the control group, respectively (a result which is of great clinical and economic importance), but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Weight gaining at discharge time in NNS group was significantly higher than control and pre-feeding oral stimulation groups (P < 0.05).Conclusions:This study revealed that pre-feeding oral stimulation and NNS programs both were effective on oral feeding skills and weight gaining of the immature newborns. Yet, it seems that NNS program was more effective than pre-feeding oral stimulation on weight gaining.

The effect of an early oral stimulation program on oral feeding of preterm infants

PurposeTo evaluate the effect of an oral stimulation program on preterm infants. MethodsPreterm infants (n = 72) were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Controls (n = 36) received routine care while the experimental group (n = 36) received oral stimulation in addition to routine care. Postmenstrual age, total intake volume, body weight, the transition time from initiation of oral feeding to full oral feeding and feeding efficiency were calculated. ResultsPostmenstrual age and full oral feeding weight were significantly lower in the experimental group (p < 0.05). The time from initiation of oral feeding to full oral feeding was significantly shorter in the experimental group (p < 0.05) while feeding efficiency was higher in the experimental group (p < 0.05) compared to controls. No significant differences existed in hospital stay length or weight gain rate. ConclusionsAn early oral stimulation program is beneficial in preterm infants.

Effects of pre-feeding oral stimulation on oral feeding in preterm infants: A randomized clinical trial

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of early oral stimulation before the introduction of oral feeding, over the duration of concomitant tube feeding (“transition period”), the length of hospital stay and the breastfeeding rates upon discharge in preterm infants. Study designPreterm infants born between 26 and 33 weeks gestational age (n=86), were randomized into an intervention and control group. Infants in the intervention group received an oral stimulation program consisting in stimulation of the oral structures for 15 min at least for 10 days, before introduction of oral feeding. Oral feeding was introduced at 34 weeks GA in both groups. ResultsBreastfeeding rates upon discharge were significantly higher in the intervention than in the control group (70% versus 45.6%, p=0.02). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of the length of the transition period or the length of the hospital stay.The need for prolonged CPAP support (HR=0.937, p=0.030) and small size for gestational age at birth (HR=0.338, p=0.016) were shown to be risk factors for a prolonged transition period. ConclusionA pre-feeding oral stimulation program improves breastfeeding rates in preterm infants. The study results suggest that oral stimulation, as used in our specific population, does not shorten the transition period to full oral feeding neither the length of hospital stay.

The Effects of Oral Motor Stimulation on Feeding Behaviors of Infants Born With Univentricle Anatomy

The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the effects of oral motor stimulation on infants born with complex univentricle anatomy who required surgery shortly after birth. A quasi-experimental group design was used to compare 18 infants receiving an oral motor stimulation program with 10 infants who did not receive any oral motor intervention. Infants in the treatment group received the oral motor treatment prior to cardiac surgery and immediately following surgery, one time a day, 6 days a week. Outcomes data were collected for length of time to reach full bottle-feeds and length of hospital stay. A statistically significant difference was seen in the overall length of hospital stay between the two groups (p = .04). Infants in the experimental group were hospitalized for a mean of 28.6 days and infants in the comparison group for a mean of 35.3 days. Infants in the treatment group achieved full bottle-feeds 2 days earlier than infants in the comparison group, although this was not statistically significant. There is positive support for the use of oral motor stimulation for infants born with univentricle anatomy, but further study is needed to determine the long-lasting effects of this intervention.

Effects of prefeeding oral stimulation on feeding performance of preterm infants

To investigate the effects of a prefeeding oral stimulation program on the feeding performance of preterm infants. A crossover design was used. Nineteen preterm infants who were in the transitional time to full oral feeding served as their own controls. A 5-min oral stimulation program was applied to infants prior to feeding in two of 4 feedings on two consecutive days. Feeding, behavioral state, and physiological parameters of infants in the intervention and control feeding conditions were compared using SPSS software. There were two significant findings: (1) Compared to the control condition, infants in the intervention condition achieved a greater intake rate in the initial 5 min of the feeding (P = 0.021). (2) After receiving oral stimulation, a higher percentage of infants moved to the drowsy or quiet alert state from sleep or restlessness before feeding, both on Day 1 (P= 0.016) as well as Day 2 (P = 0.016). No significant differences were found in other feeding parameters, feeding-induced physiological changes (peripheral oxygen saturation levels and pulse rate) and behavioral states between two feeding conditions. Oral stimulation had a modulating effect on the prefeeding behavioral states and short-lived beneficial effects on the feeding efficiency of preterm infants.

Videomanometric Evaluation of Pharyngo‐oesophageal Dysmotility in Children With Velocardiofacial Syndrome

Videomanometric Evaluation of Pharyngo‐oesophageal Dysmotility in Children With Velocardiofacial Syndrome

Effect of an oral stimulation program on sucking skill maturation of preterm infants

Effect of an oral stimulation program on sucking skill maturation of preterm infants

Effect of an oral stimulation program on sucking skill maturation of preterm infants

This study assessed the effect of an oral stimulation program on the maturation of sucking skills of preterm infants. Thirty-two preterm infants (13 males, 19 females), appropriate size for gestational age (gestational age at birth 28 wks, SD 1.2wks; birthweight 1002g, SD 251g), were randomly placed into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received a daily 15-minute oral stimulation program, consisting of stroking the peri- and intra-oral structures, for 10 days before the start of oral feedings. Sucking measures were monitored with a specially-designed nipple-bottle apparatus. Results indicate that the experimental group achieved full oral feedings 7 days sooner than the control group, and demonstrated greater overall intake (%), rate of milk transfer (mL/min), and amplitude of the expression component of sucking (mmHg). There was no difference in sucking stage maturation, sucking frequency, and amplitude of the suction component of sucking. Endurance, defined as ability to sustain the same sucking stage, sucking burst duration, and suction and expression amplitudes throughout a feeding session, was not significantly different between the two groups. The stimulation program enhanced the expression component of sucking, resulting in better oral feeding performance.

Oral stimulation accelerates the transition from tube to oral feeding in preterm infants

Objective: To assess whether an oral stimulation program, before the introduction of oral feeding, enhances the oral feeding performance of preterm infants born between 26 and 29 weeks' gestational age. Study design: Preterm infants (n = 32) were randomized into an experimental and control group. Infants in the experimental group received an oral stimulation program consisting of stimulation of the oral structures for 15 minutes. Infants in the control group received a sham stimulation program. Both were administered once per day for 10 consecutive days, 48 hours after discontinuation of nasal continuous positive air pressure. Results: Independent oral feeding was attained significantly earlier in the experimental group than the control group, 11 ± 4 days (mean ± SD) versus 18 ± 7 days, respectively (P =.005). Overall intake and rate of milk transfer were significantly greater over time in the experimental group than the control group (P =.0002 and.046, respectively). There was no difference in length of hospital stay between the 2 groups. Conclusion: An early oral stimulation program accelerates the transition to full oral feedings in preterm infants. This was associated with greater overall intake and rate of milk transfer observed in the experimental group when compared with the control group. (J Pediatr 2002;141:230-6)