Oral Impact Research Articles

Association between Nutrient Intake, Oral Symptoms, and Oral Health Related Quality of Life of Antenatal Mothers in Sri Aman District, Sarawak

The physiological and hormonal alternations during pregnancy cause antenatal mothers to experience multiple oral symptoms because of oral diseases, namely dental caries, and periodontal disease [1]. The changes in dietary intake cause them to be more vulnerable to nutritional deficiencies and further oral health problems. The objectives of this study were to assess the nutrient intake, oral symptoms, and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) among antenatal mothers in the Sri Aman district of Sarawak. The association between nutrient intake and oral symptoms and the association between oral symptoms and OHRQoL were also determined. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 124 antenatal mothers in the second and third trimesters attending the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Clinic, Klinik Kesihatan Sri Aman, Sarawak. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the following variables: the socioeconomic and obstetric profile, perceived oral health status, and OHRQoL. OHRQoL was assessed using short version of the Malaysian Oral Health impact Profile (S-OHIP(M)) instrument with the original author’s permission. A 24-hour diet recall assessment was used for nutrient intake assessment for three non-consecutive days involving 2 weekdays and 1 weekend. The first 24-hour diet assessment was conducted through face-to-face interview, while the second and third 24-hour diet assessments were conducted using phone interviews. Nutrient intake was further analyzed using Nutritionist Pro™. All the data obtained were further analyzed using IBM SPSS for Windows version 26. Results showed that most antenatal mothers (71.0%) were in the second trimester. More than half (75.0%) of them had at least one oral symptom: cavitated tooth (51.6%), bleeding gum (32.3%), bad breath (27.4%), gum pain (13.7%), toothache (12.1%), swollen gum (6.5%). About half of them (52.5%) were satisfied with their oral health status. The intake of energy, vitamin D, calcium, iodine, zinc, fluoride, and iron for most antenatal mothers was below the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) values. The most reported oral impact was feeling discomfort due to food stuck (11.3%), feeling shy (10.5%), bad breath (5.6%), and avoiding smiling (5.6%). The most affected OHRQoL domain was psychological discomfort (mean 1.95, SD 1.89), followed by functional limitation (mean 1.29, SD 1.48) and physical pain (mean 1.19, SD 1.29). The intake of the 13 selected nutrients was found not to be significantly different between antenatal mothers with at least one oral symptom and without oral symptoms. Antenatal mothers with at least one oral symptom had significantly lower OHRQoL compared to those with no oral symptom. The presence of toothache, cavitated tooth, bleeding gum, and halitosis had significantly lower OHRQoL as compared to those without the symptoms.
 In conclusion, most antenatal mothers do not have adequate nutrient intake. Dental caries and periodontal disease were prevalent, and the presence of oral symptoms was associated with poor OHRQoL.
 

The dentist-patient relationship and oral health-related quality of life among older adults: A cohort study.

To assess the association between aspects of the dentist-patient relationship at age 65 and Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) at ages 65 and 70 and to examine whether dental avoidance behaviours play a role in explaining that association. Information about the quality of the dentist-patient relationship is important for dental care provision and healthy ageing. Secondary data analysis of a cohort study of Norwegians born in 1942. The participation rate in 2007 (age 65) and 2012 (age 70) was, respectively, 58.0% (n=4211) and 54.5% (n=3733). A total of 70.0% (n=2947) of the baseline participants responded in 2012. Dentist-patient relationship aspects were assessed in terms of communication with the dentist, satisfaction with dental care, unpleasant experiences and changes of dentist. Generalised Estimating Equations (GEEs) were used to account for repeated measurements. Prevalence of oral impacts (OIDP) was 29.0% in 2007 and 28.4% in 2012. Participants who received communication on oral hygiene during dental visits had a higher likelihood, whereas participants who reported satisfaction with dental care, no unpleasant experience and did not change dentist had a lower likelihood of reporting oral impacts over these 5 years. Corresponding odds ratios were: 1.2 (95% CI 1.0-1.5), 0.4 (95% CI 0.3-0.5), 0.6 (95% CI 0.5-0.7) and 0.5 (95% CI 0.3-0.6). Associations between dentist-patient relationship aspects and OIDP remained unchanged after adjustment for avoidance behaviours. Training dentists in relationship skills might improve social interaction with patients and the oral health-related quality of life of older people in Norway.

Electromyographic evaluation of masseter and temporalis muscle activity after periodontal surgery: A prospective clinical trial

ObjectivesFollowing periodontal treatment, tooth supporting structures are restored to functionality and hence improve muscle activity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of periodontal disease on muscle activity by electromyography and the subjective perception of periodontal therapy through the Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire. MethodsSixty subjects with moderate to severe periodontitis were included. Periodontal condition was re-evaluated 4–6 weeks after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Subjects with persistent probing pocket depths ≥5 mm were designated for flap surgery. All clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, 3 months and 6 months after surgery. The activities of the masseter and temporalis muscles were measured by electromyography and OIDP scores were recorded at baseline and 3 months. ResultsThe mean plaque index scores, probing pocket depths, and clinical attachment levels were reduced from baseline to 3 months. Mean EMG scores were compared at baseline and 3 months post-surgery. The mean OIDP total score prior to and after periodontal therapy was significantly different. ConclusionThere was a statistically significant correlation between clinical parameters, muscle activity and a patient's subjective perception. Therefore, it can be concluded that successful periodontal flap surgery led to improvements in masticatory efficiency and subjective perception, as determined by the OIDP questionnaire.

Residual dentition, prosthesis type and oral health-related quality of life in Uruguayan adults.

To investigate the association between different types of dental prostheses (and residual dentition) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). A population-based study with a representative sample of adults and older adults in Uruguay (2010-2011). The dependent variable was the score on the oral impact on daily performance (OIDP), and the main predictor was the pattern of tooth loss and prosthesis use. Covariates included sex, age, socioeconomic status, education, missing teeth, pain and decayed teeth. Negative binomial regression was used. The sample comprised 762 participants. Those participants not wearing a prosthesis and with extensive tooth loss had a mean OIDP of 3.1 (95% CI=1.6-6.2), while those wearing removable partial dentures (RPD) and having <12 missing teeth had a mean OIDP of 3.6 (95% CI=1.3-10.0). Participants with a free-end saddle had the highest mean OIDP, at 4.9 (95% CI=2.0-12.1). For participants with ≤12 missing teeth, any additional missing tooth was associated with an 11% higher OIDP score. Participants who wore RDPs reported fewer impacts on OHRQoL if they had extensive tooth loss or anterior tooth loss than those with a free-end saddle, or who had lost fewer teeth. The use of RPDs is associated with better OHRQoL. These findings may be valuable in clinical practice and prosthetic planning.

The impact of systemic conditions and polypharmacy on older patients’ oral health and dental treatment

Systemic diseases can affect people of any age, but they are much more common in the elderly population and are likely to become an increasingly prevalent issue as a progressively larger proportion of the population is aged over 65 years. The effects of systemic diseases and their pharmacological management can have a multitude of oral presentations and impact on dentists’ ability to manage these patients’ oral health needs. This article discusses the effects of systemic diseases on the oral health of the elderly population, and how the general dentist can manage this patient cohort.

Relationship between aesthetic concern and self-esteem in adolescents with severe malocclusion

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between aesthetic concern and self-esteem in adolescents with severe malocclusion. Methods A cross-sectional study developed with 543 adolescents from 11 to 13 years of age and severe malocclusion was selected. Dental aesthetic index (DAI) diagnosed the malocclusion and selected the groups with greater severity (DAI 3 and 4). Aesthetic concern was assessed using the oral aesthetic subjective impact scale (OASIS) and considered an outcome variable. The global negative self-evaluation (GSE) evaluated self-esteem. The variables were analysed using Poisson multiple regression and the model adjustment determined by the Akaike information criterion (AICC). The effect of each variable on OASIS was expressed as a prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% confidence intervals. The analyses were performed using the R program with a significance level of 5%. Results A significant association was observed between aesthetic concern scores and self-esteem (p<.05). Individuals with low self-esteem had OASIS scores 14% higher (PR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.08–1.21). There was no significant association between OASIS and gender and age (p>.05). Conclusions Self-esteem modulates how the individual perceives malocclusion. Adolescents with severe and very malocclusion and low self-esteem have greater aesthetic concerns.

Combined Use of Flubromazepam and Stimulants: Blood and Oral Fluid Concentrations and Impact on Driving Ability.

"Designer" benzodiazepines (DBZDs) are becoming increasingly available in Europe, with the European Monitoring Centre of Drugs and Drug Addiction currently monitoring ∼30 new benzodiazepines. The following driving under the influence of drug (DUID) case describes the oral fluid (OF) and blood concentrations, as well as the observed effects after the combined use of stimulants and flubromazepam. Both OF, collected via the Intercept i2 collector (Immunalysis, Pomona, CA, USA), and blood (collected in containers with various stabilizers) were screened using a liquid chromatographic (LC) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometric (MS-MS) method. In addition, various LC-MS-MS methods in multi-reaction monitoring mode were applied for confirmation and quantification. The OF and blood samples were taken 2 h 25 min and 9 h 19 min after the accident, respectively. OF contained 789 ng/mL amphetamine, 5,173 ng/mL MDMA, 168 ng/mL benzoylecgonine, 492 ng/mL cocaine, 134 ng/mL 4-methylmethcathinone (4-MMC) and traces of flubromazepam (less than limit of quantification (LLOQ); 2 ng/mL). The sodium-fluoride blood samples contained 19 ng/mL amphetamine, 284 ng/mL MDMA, 20 ng/mL MDA, 38 ng/mL benzoylecgonine, 4 ng/mL methylecgonine, 161 ng/mL flubromazepam and traces of 4-MMC (<LLOQ; 2.5 ng/mL). The driver was observed to have an irregular speed driving pattern and could not keep his lane. He demonstrated the following effects after the accident: bloodshot eyes, red face, sweating, fatigue, disorientation in time and space and mental confusion. Even 24 h after the accident, the driver was confused, disoriented, had red spots on his face and could not keep his balance. The effects of flubromazepam combined with several stimulants are demonstrated. Moreover, this case illustrates well the pros and cons of the different biological matrices applied in a DUID context. Differences between the biological matrices are not only observed concerning the ease/practicality of (on-site) collection, but also in the final drug detectability due to the large variations in OF/blood drug concentration ratios and metabolism/elimination rates as a result of the different chemical entities of the compounds.

Oral health-related quality of life in 4–16-year-olds with and without juvenile idiopathic arthritis

BackgroundFew studies have investigated oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in young individuals with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Aims were to investigate whether OHRQoL differs between children and adolescents with JIA compared to controls without JIA, while adjusting for socio-demographic-, behavioral- and oral health-related covariates. Furthermore, to explore whether socio-behavioral and oral health-related covariates of OHRQoL vary according to group affiliation and finally, specifically for individuals with JIA, to investigate whether disease-specific features associate with OHRQoL. We hypothesized that participants with JIA have poorer OHRQoL compared to participants without JIA.MethodsIn this comparative cross-sectional study participants with JIA (n = 224) were matched to controls without JIA (n = 224). OHRQoL was assessed according to Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) (4–11-years-olds) and the child version of Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (Child-OIDP) (12–16-years-olds). JIA-specific characteristics were assessed by pediatric rheumatologists and socio-demographic, behavioral and self-reported oral health information collected by questionnaires. Index teeth were examined for caries by calibrated dentists. Multiple variable analyses were performed using logistic regression, reporting odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Two-way interactions were tested between group affiliation and the socio-behavioral- and oral health-related variables on the respective outcome variables.ResultsIn total, 96 participants with JIA and 98 controls were evaluated according to ECOHIS, corresponding numbers for Child-OIDP was 125 and 124. Group affiliation was not associated with impaired ECOHIS or Child-OIDP in adjusted analyses (OR = 1.95, 95% CI 0.94–4.04 and OR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.46–2.17, respectively). Female adolescents with JIA were more likely than males to report oral impacts according to Child-OIDP. Continued activity or flare was found to adversely affect Child-OIDP, also self-reported outcome measures in JIA associated with Child-OIDP.ConclusionsThis study did not provide consistent evidence to confirm the hypothesis that children and adolescents with JIA are more likely to have impaired OHRQoL compared to their peers without JIA. However, female adolescents with JIA were more likely than males to report impacts on OHRQoL. Furthermore, within the JIA group, adolescents with continued disease activity, flare or reporting pain, physical disability, had higher risk than their counterparts of impaired OHRQoL.

Satisfaction with dental appearance in two cohorts of 75-year-olds examined in 2007 and 2017: A repeated cross-sectional study.

Satisfaction with dental appearance plays an important role in the self-esteem and psychological well-being of the elderly, the significance of which the attending dentist may not always be fully cognisant of. To assess the level of satisfaction with dental appearance, its associated factors and temporal changes in two cohorts of 75-year-old Swedes born 10 years apart. In 2007, a questionnaire was mailed to all those living in Örebro and Östergötland counties, Sweden, who were born in 1932 (n=5195), and in 2017 to all born in 1942 (n=7204). The evaluation was carried out with a global question 'Are you satisfied with the appearance of your teeth?', and four attitude-related statements about dental appearance. About 80% in both cohorts were 'very satisfied' or 'to large extent satisfied' with their dental appearance. The 1932 cohort was significantly more concerned about their dental appearance than the 1942 cohort, and women were generally also significantly more concerned than men. In the regression analysis, 'very satisfied' with dental appearance was predicted by good chewing efficiency, having complete dentures, no impact from Oral Impacts on Daily Performance, disagreement that 'minor esthetic imperfections of the teeth have no importance, only they should function well', better perceived general health than same-aged peers and belonging to the 1932 cohort. Satisfaction with dental appearance among 75-year-olds was generally high, with attitudes varying by gender and temporally. Women and the earlier-born generation (1932) were more concerned about dental appearance than men and the later-born generation (1942), respectively.

Role of behavioural and age-related factors in the long-term impact of tooth loss on oral health-related quality of life: A 25-year follow-up of Swedish older adults.

The primary aim of this study was to assess any long-term association between tooth loss at age 50 and subsequent impaired oral health-related quality of life, OHRQoL, at age 65, 70 and 75, adjusted for time invariant socio-demographic-and time variant behavioural and age-related factors in terms of disadvantages with functional, social, health and psychological concerns. As a second aim, this study examined whether behavioural- and age-related factors played a role in explaining any long-term association between early tooth loss and subsequent OHRQoL. In 1992, 6346 residents, aged 50, consented to participate in a prospective cohort study and 3060 completed postal questionnaire follow-ups every fifth year (six in total) until 2017. Information on tooth loss was assessed at baseline at age 50. Behavioural- and age-related covariates were assessed repeatedly at ages 65, 70 and 75. OHRQoL was the repeated outcome measure assessed by the Oral Impact on Daily Performance, OIDP at age 65, 70 and 75. Generalized Estimating Equations, GEE, with binomial logit function was used to test the association between tooth loss and prevalence of oral impacts (OIDP) adjusting for counfounders and potential mediators. The role of behavioural and age-related factors in explaining the association between early tooth loss and OHRQoL was tested using the change in estimate approach. Tooth loss and time variant behavioural- and age-related covariates associated independently with higher odds of impaired OHRQoL across time. The long-term impact of tooth loss seemed to be partly explained by time variant covariates related to functional and psychological concerns. Participants who had excessive tooth loss at age 50 were 2.5 times more likely to experience oral impacts before adjustment of covariates. After adjustment of functional- and psychological-covariates, participants were, respectively, 1.6 times and 1.4 times more likely to experience oral impacts. This study revealed that early tooth loss at age 50 was independently associated with subsequent impaired OHRQoL at ages 65, 70 and 75. The aspects of behavioural- and age-related factors in terms of disadvantages in functional and psychological concerns seemed to play a role in explaining the long-term impact of tooth loss on impaired OHRQoL. A mid-life approach to the prevention of tooth loss for the protection of subsequent adverse health outcomes should guide health promotion interventions and also be recognized by oral health care providers both for patient interaction and clinical decision making.

Association between perceived discrimination in health services and oral health-related quality of life in older adults

ObjectiveTo verify the association between perceived discrimination in health services and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Brazilian older adults. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, it was analyzed the baseline data from the “Longitudinal Study of the Health of Elderly Brazilians” (ELSI-Brazil), which included a representative sample of individuals aged ≥ 60 years. The dependent variable was the impact on OHRQoL, assessed using the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) questionnaire. The association between perceived discrimination and OHRQoL was verified using Poisson regression models adjusted for socioeconomic and demographic factors. Owing to the complexity of the sample, the sample weight was considered in all analyses. ResultsData from 5432 individuals were analyzed. In both the crude [rate ratio (RR): 1.92, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.70–2.16] and adjusted analyses (RR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.62–2.11), the mean impact on OHRQoL was higher in individuals who experienced discrimination in health services than in those who did not. ConclusionThe findings suggest that perceived discrimination in health services has a negative impact on OHRQoL in older adults. To combat intrinsic social behaviors, such as discrimination, it is essential to eliminate health inequities and to promote social justice. Clinical significanceParticipation in health-related behaviors is paramount for promoting health and preventing oral diseases. However, discrimination may erode an individual's protective resources and increase vulnerability to disease onset. Therefore, perceived discrimination may potentially decrease participation in healthy behaviors, leading to worse oral health outcomes.

Quality of life and adherence to dental treatment in adolescents: a longitudinal analytical study

The study aimed to analyze the quality of life, oral health impact on daily activities and its association with adherence to dental treatment, and other factors, among vulnerable adolescents. It is a longitudinal analytical study performed with 15- to 19-year-old adolescents in the city of Piracicaba, São Paulo, from 2014 to 2015. The sample consisted of 476 adolescents referred for the treatment of caries and/or periodontal disease in family health units (initial phase). After 18 months, 325 individuals were assessed to investigate the dental treatment provided (final phase). The response variables considered in the final phase were the Quality of Life (WHOQOL-bref) and the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) questionnaires. The independent variables analyzed were sex, age, treatment adherence, and family cohesion and adaptability. A multiple regression model was used. The data on the physical (p&lt;0.0001), social (p=0.0003), environmental (p&lt;0.0001), and psychological (p&lt;0.0001) domains of the WHOQOL collected in the initial phase had a positive relationship with the same domains assessed in the final phase. The WHOQOL data of the initial phase were associated with the WHOQOL data of the final phase (p=0.0341). The OIDP data of the initial phase were associated with the OIDP data of the final phase (p&lt;0.0001). The OIDP of volunteers who did not adhere to dental treatment showed a higher impact (p=0.0234). The quality of life and impacts on daily performances of adolescents improved between the evaluation periods.

Exploring associations between oral health measures and oral health-impacted daily performances in 12–14-year-old schoolchildren

BackgroundOral health-related quality of life, a prominent topic in dentistry, has been studied extensively. However, the comparison between various self-perceived and clinical oral health measures still needs to be explored. The purpose of the current study is; first, to report the self-perceived and clinically examined oral health measures that are associated with the oral impacts on daily performances. Second, to identify the oral health measure that best predicts greater oral impact scores. Third, to investigate the difference in findings related to the disease experience measures and the treatment measures.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out on children aged 12–14 years. The prevalence, frequency, and oral impact scores of each daily performance were calculated. Thirteen self-perceived OH conditions were assessed. Clinically examined oral health measures included gingival health, oral hygiene status, DMFT, DT, MT, and FT scores and, one or more decay (1 + D), missing (1 + M) and filled (1 + F) teeth. Simple linear and multiple linear regressions were carried out to report the associations.ResultsAt least one oral health impacted daily performance was reported by 40% of the total sample of schoolchildren (N = 700). Based on the magnitude and precision of adjusted regression coefficients (RC), decay severity (DT) was identified as a better predictor of a greater oral impact score with regression coefficient values ranging between 0.3 (social contact) and 2.4 (1 + performance). Contrariwise, MT and FT components of DMFT were associated with lower oral impact scores. The self-perceived measures were also associated with oral impact scores and presented similar findings to that of the clinical oral health measures.ConclusionsUntreated decay significantly impacted daily performances, especially eating, sleeping, studying, and social contact. The findings are of importance to public health practitioners for reporting, treating, and preventing oral health problems in children, and eventually contributing to better oral health-related quality of life.

Oral health and quality of life among people with severe or long-term mental illness: A call for interprofessional collaboration

People with severe or long-term mental illness (SMI) have poorer oral health than the general population has, but little is known about how, to what extent, and in what ways oral health problems affect daily functioning, quality of life and well-being among people in this patient group. The present study investigated oral health and oral health-related quality of life for persons with SMI in Norway. The longitudinal clinical study targeted SMI patients with their age- and gender-matched control patients at a public dental clinic in Norway. SMI patients were recruited from an ambulatory team within community mental health services. Clinical examinations followed the WHO criteria. We used a validated Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) instrument to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The prevalence of oral impact (OIDP > 0) was 77% among SMI patients and 22% among the controls. More than 60% of the SMI patients reported difficulties showing their teeth without embarrassment, compared to 5.5% of the controls. The results suggest that shame is a key factor inhibiting patients faced with the need for dental treatment. Collaboration between dental and mental health professionals is therefore essential for this patient group to enjoy dignified oral health and quality of life.

Influence of interproximal peri-implant tissue and prosthesis contours on food impaction, tissue health and patients' quality of life.

To investigate tissue features and interproximal contour of posterior implant-supported single crowns (ISSC), which correlate with food impaction. 2) To evaluate the influence of food impaction on the health of the adjacent peri-implant tissue and patients' oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Patients with posterior ISSC under maintenance between July 2019 and July 2020 were recruited. OHRQoL of patients who self-reported food impaction between ISSC and teeth was evaluated by Oral Impacts on Daily Performance questionnaire and reported at patient level. Interproximal prosthesis contours and periodontal/peri-implant tissue conditions were assessed by clinical and radiographic examination. Differences between food impaction (FI) and non-food impaction (NFI) sites were analysed. Totally, 178 patients (286 ISSC and 410 interproximal spaces) were included. Among 119 patients who self-reported food impaction, 84 (70.6%) reported their OHRQoL to be affected with minor-to-severe intensity. The most commonly affected daily performance was the ability to clean the teeth. Plaque accumulation at ISSC, deeper probing depth, complete interdental papilla fill, loose contact, longer contact length, lower contact point level, closer distance between ISSC and tooth, lesser embrasure surface area, tissue-level implant and cement-retained restoration were found significantly more in the FI group than the NFI group (p < .05). Interproximal features of the implant prosthesis were associated with food impaction between the ISSC and the adjacent tooth, which might affect periodontal and/or peri-implant tissue health conditions. Patients' OHRQoL was commonly affected by food impaction, but the intensity was low.

Validation and Reliability Testing of the Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (C-OIDP): Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties in Pakistani School-Going Children.

Background: This study aimed to develop an Urdu version of Child-Oral Impact on Daily Performance (C-OIDP) and assess its reliability and validity for children’s oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) assessment in Pakistan. Methods: A total of 200 school-going children aged 11–14 were recruited from two public schools. For the adaptation process, the original English version of C-OIDP was translated into Urdu, reviewed by an expert committee, back-translated into Urdu, and then reviewed again by the same expert committee and pilot tested on 10 children. A clinical examination was carried out to record dental and gingival status followed by a face-to-face interview to measure oral health-related quality of life in children using C-OIDP-U. Reliability, internal consistency, construct and discriminant validity were assessed. Results: The Cronbach’s alpha for C-OIDP-U was 0.69, the mean C-OIDP-U score was 10.2 ± 8.1 and 77.3% of the children reported at least one oral impact. Eating (40.3%) and difficulty in cleaning mouth (38.7%) were the two most impacted daily performances. For construct validity, the associations were significant between the C-OIDP-U score and all subjective oral health measures (p < 0.001). For discriminant validity, a significant association was observed between the C-OIDP-U score and clinical oral variables, children with DMFT + dmft ≥ 1, Gingival index > 1 and having malocclusion reported a higher C-OIDP-U score when compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: This study showed that C-OIDP is a valid, reliable and efficient instrument of OHRQoL for use in Pakistani children.

The impact of poor dental status and removable dental prosthesis quality on body composition, masticatory performance and oral health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study in older adults

BackgroundTo determine the impact of dental status, types, and quality of dental prostheses on body composition, masticatory performance and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Potential associations between body composition, masticatory performance and OHRQoL were also investigated.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 110 older adults who received prosthodontic treatment at the Dental Faculty Clinics at Chulalongkorn University. Participants were categorized according to their dental prostheses: complete denture (CD), removable partial denture (RPD) and fixed partial denture (FPD). Retention and stability of the RPD and CD were evaluated using the CU-modified Kapur and the modified NHANES III criteria to classify denture quality into acceptable and unacceptable. Dental status including posterior occluding pairs and number of remaining natural teeth were assessed intraorally. Dependent variables were body composition, masticatory performance and OHRQoL. Body composition, including muscle mass (kg), bone mass (kg), basal metabolic rate (kcal) and visceral fat (%) were determined through a bioelectrical impedance analysis. Masticatory performance was assessed using a multiple sieve method of peanut mastication. OHRQoL was assessed using the validated Thai version of Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (Thai-OIDP) index. After adjusting for covariates, including age and sex, the associations between oral and dental prosthesis status and body composition, masticatory performance as well as OIDP score were analyzed using multivariable linear and negative binomial regression analyses. Spearman’s correlation was used to determine the potential associations between body composition, masticatory performance and OHRQoL.ResultsThe presence of fewer natural teeth or wearing an unacceptable removable denture were factors associated with lower bone mass, muscle mass and basal metabolic rate, and with a higher visceral fat. Similar dental and removable denture status were also associated with larger peanut particle size and higher OIDP score. Masticatory performance and OHRQoL variables were moderately correlated (Spearman's rho = 0.44). However, body composition was not correlated with masticatory performance or OHRQoL.ConclusionsIn individuals wearing dental prostheses, factors such as severity of tooth loss, types, and quality of dental prostheses, particularly retention and stability, negatively impacted not only masticatory function and OHRQoL, but also their overall body composition and health.

Effect of Dental Fluorosis on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Daily Performances Among 12- and 15-year-old School-going Children Residing in High- and Low-Fluoridated Areas of Meerut District

Introduction: Dental fluorosis is a clinical situation that leads to changes in esthetic appearance in teeth. Oral health problems can cause problems in performing daily activities and social well-being, which may affect individual's quality of life (QOL). Aim: To assess the effect of dental fluorosis on oral health-related QOL and condition-specific oral impact on daily performance (CS-OIDP) among 12- and 15-year-old children residing in high and low fluoridated areas of Meerut district, UP. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 12- and 15-year-old school-going children residing in high- and low--fluoridated areas of Meerut district. Dean's fluorosis index was used to evaluate dental fluorosis. A pretested questionnaire, CS-OIDP index, was used to assess the dental fluorosis effect on the oral health-related QOL and daily performances. Results: The mean CS-OIDP score among high-fluoridated area was 39.85 and a significant correlation was found between dental fluorosis, CS-OIDP, and oral health-related QOL (P &lt; 0.005). Conclusion: The results of the present study can act as an alarm for dentists to carry out epidemiological investigation at village and district level to evaluate the risk factors and possible treatment and preventive measures.

Oral health status and oral impact of daily life among permanent residents in Thiruvallur district

Introduction: Oral diseases like dental caries, periodontal diseases, oral cancers, oral manifestations of HIV, oro-dental trauma, cleft lip and palate, though not life threatening constitute major public health problems worldwide. The Global burden of Disease Study 2017, estimated that oral diseases affect close to 3.5 billion people worldwide. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the oral health status, unmet oral health needs and oral impact of daily life among the permanent residents in Tiruvallur district. Materials and Methods: The WHO Oral health assessment form (2013) was used to record the oral health status. For assessing the quality of well-being among the patients, the Oral Impact on Daily Performances questionnaire was used (Sheiham A et al). After a brief introduction on the purpose and intent of the study, examination was conducted by a single examiner. Demographic information like age, gender, education, occupation were recorded. The oral health status was recorded after clinical examination of the oral cavity followed by Oral Impact on Daily Performance questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, chi square test were used. Mann Whitney U test was used to test the association between gender and OIDP scores.

Oral health related quality of life in long-term survivors of head and neck cancer compared to a general population from the seventh Troms\xf8 study

BackgroundBoth the incidence and survival rate of head and neck cancer (HNC) is increasing, making quality of life of HNC survivors an important issue.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study we compared the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of long-term HNC survivors to that of a general population cohort from the seventh survey of the Tromsø study with the Oral Impact on Daily Performances questionnaire. Comparisons were done with frequency analyses and cross tabulation. We also assessed OHRQoL’s association to sociodemographic and oral health related variables in both cohorts as well as with cancer related variables in the HNC cohort with regression analyses.ResultsThe HNC survivors had four times the risk of reporting problems with daily performances compared with the general population cohort. The ability to eat and enjoy food was most frequently affected in both cohorts. Moderate-poor self-rated dental health and general health as well as high frequency of dental visits were significantly associated with poorer OHRQoL. To have a history of oral or pharyngeal cancer was associated with more problems than having a history of laryngeal cancer.ConclusionsOur study shows that HNC treatment is associated with a strong and lasting impairment of OHRQoL, highlighting the need to find less toxic, yet effective ways to treat the disease, and to provide easy access to expert dental care at all stages of the disease to minimize morbidity. Given the widespread side effects of cancer treatment, a multidisciplinary approach might be required to improve the OHRQoL of HNC survivors.