Oral Health Of Pregnant Women Research Articles

An Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Obstetricians and Midwives Concerning Oral Health of Pregnant Women in Birjand in 2019

Background: Periodontal disease in pregnant women usually occurs due to physiological changes during pregnancy and is associated with adverse prenatal and perinatal outcomes. However, pregnant women are reluctant to visit a dentist because of unreliable information or perceived hazards of dental procedures for the mother and fetus. Therefore, it is vital to examine the knowledge and practice of obstetricians and midwives and their attitude towards oral health of pregnant women as they are closely connected with these women. Methods: In this study, 90 obstetricians and midwives from Birjand were randomly selected. The data for their knowledge, attitude, and practice were collected through self-report. The scale developed by Malek Mohammadi et al, with a high reliability of 80%, was used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0. Results: Most of the participants (65.6%) worked in the hospital setting, and an average period of 10.32±8.24 years had passed from the subjects’ graduation. Of them, 82.2% provided care services for more than 40 hours per week for an average number of 31.3±67.6 patients. The mean score of knowledge, attitude, and practice were 6.27±1.33, 19.43±2.10, and 4.32±1.35, respectively. All participants considered it important to observe oral health during pregnancy, and 91.1% referred their patients to the dentist. Most of the participants (37.78%) obtained their information from continuous medical education programs. Conclusions: The results of this survey showed that the attitude and practice of obstetricians and midwives were satisfactory given their level of knowledge about the importance of oral health during pregnancy. However, they were still far from standard guidelines. Therefore, it is recommended that their knowledge and skills should be increased to obtain optimal care during pregnancy.

Evaluation of the oral health of pregnant women in prenatal consultations in Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract Background Despite the proven links between oral health status and adverse pregnancy outcomes, oral examination is not systematically integrated into prenatal examinations in Côte d’Ivoire. In addition, there are no prevention messages specifically targeted at pregnant women. Objective: To assess the oral health of pregnant women in Côte d’Ivoire. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the Maternal and Child Health Department of the National Public Health Institute in Abidjan. The data collected were: age, education level, marital status, source of income, trimester of pregnancy, gestational age, oral hygiene habits and the fact that they whether or not received oral health information. A clinical examination was conducted to assess oral hygiene (OHIS index), periodontal condition (CPI index), dental condition (DMFT index), as well as the presence of epulis, erosion or dental mobility. Frequencies and counts were calculated for the different variables in the study. Results A total of 207 women were observed. The age range was 15 to 44 years with 14.0% under 19 years old. The majority were in couple (76.8%), multi-gesture (77.3%), and more than half had no education (52.2%) or source of income (56.0%); 50.7% snacked between meals and 33.3% had vomiting. They brushed their teeth at least twice a day (70.0%) and had not changed their oral hygiene habits (77.3%) during this pregnancy. Only 3.4% had information on oral health conditions during pregnancy. The frequency of caries was 75.4%, dental erosions 13.0%, gingivitis 57.0%, periodontitis 6.8% and epulis 3.4%. Conclusions The results suggest the integration of systematic dental consultation into prenatal consultations in order permit the sensitization of these women, screening and management of their oral conditions. Key messages Oral diseases of pregnant women are a reality without their knowledge in Côte d’Ivoire. A systematic dental visit is essential during prenatal consultations in Côte d’Ivoire.

Midwives’knowledge and practice about oral health in pregnant women,infants and children in Kerman

Midwives’knowledge and practice about oral health in pregnant women,infants and children in Kerman

"I Didn't Know": Pregnant Women's Oral Health Literacy Experiences and Future Intervention Preferences.

This study explored women's 1) experiences in accessing, understanding, appraising, and applying oral health information and services, and 2) preferences regarding oral health promotion during pregnancy. Pregnant women ages 18 to 45 were recruited from an obstetrics and gynecology clinic at a large university hospital. Focus groups were conducted using the four domains of the integrated model of health literacy (access, understand, appraise, apply) and were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed. Thematic analysis was employed using Atlas.ti. Participants (n=17) were Hispanic (53%), married (67%), college educated (87%), employed (80%), and insured (100%). Most participants reported not accessing or receiving oral health information during pregnancy, with limited information received from less trustworthy sources (Internet; friends/family) and focusing on symptoms or myths. Participants revealed gaps in basic oral health understanding and demonstrated limited ability to evaluate or apply information, such as engaging in positive oral health behaviors, according to their needs and personal health status. Participants strongly desired that oral health promotion be integrated into prenatal care. Participants described missed opportunities to improve oral health literacy and desire future health messages that facilitate patient-provider communication on oral health during prenatal care visits. Futurehealth interventions should convey the importance and associated risks, be time efficient and patient centered, and include patient activation to prompt oral health-seeking behaviors during pregnancy.

EFEKTIVITAS BOOKLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP PEMELIHARAAN KESEHATAN GIGI MULUT PADA IBU HAMIL

Pregnancy causes physiological changes in the body and as well as in the oral cavity. Dental and oral diseases associated with pregnancy that is, gingivitis, periodontitis and pregnancy granuloma. Mouth dental disease during pregnancy is not only influenced by the pregnancy itself but rather the lack of knowledge about dental and oral health maintenance. Efforts to improve the knowledge of pregnant women about oral health is done by providing information, information necessary for health education media. In this case the media is created and used to improve the knowledge of pregnant women is the booklet. This study aimed to analyze the differences in knowledge and attitudes before and after maintenance booklet oral health in pregnant women. This study is a quasi experiment with one group pre and post test design. The sample is the first trimester pregnant women who come to the health center in Sentosa Baru Medan as many as 34 people. Analysis of the data forcompare the average difference in scores of knowledge and attitudes before and after the intervention used the Wilcoxon test. The results showed there is an increased knowledge and attitude maintenance of oral health in pregnant women after being given a booklet with a value of p < 0.001, a percentage increase of 30% knowledge and attitudes percentage of 37%. The conclusions of this study is increased knowledge and attitude maintenance of oral health in pregnant women after being given a booklet.

Is poor periodontal oral health in pregnant women a risk factor for preterm delivery and low birth weight?

Is poor periodontal oral health in pregnant women a risk factor for preterm delivery and low birth weight?

AVALIAÇÃO DA AUTO PERCEPÇÃO DA SAÚDE BUCAL DAS GESTANTES:REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

The objective of the study was to evaluate the self-perception of oral health of pregnant women. A review of the literature on the self-perception of oral health of pregnant women was carried out, with an active search in the databases of the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online-Medline, Pubmed, Latin American Center (BIREME), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Google Academic, between 2005 and 2015, with the descriptors: pregnant women, self-perception, oral health, oral health, pregnant and self-reported, self-perception. A total of 701 articles were identified14 by reading the abstracts in which the content was about the self-perception of the oral health of pregnant women. It was concluded that the self-perception of pregnant women is low in relation to oral health problems, indicating that the lack of knowledge about the subject makes the pregnant women do not identify the need for dental treatment. Educational programs should be created in order to offer more knowledge to this group, in addition to including prenatal dental care. Descriptors: pregnant women, oral health, self-concept.

Process evaluation of the midwifery initiated oral health‐dental service program: Perceptions of dental professionals

All pregnant women should have a comprehensive oral health evaluation. Unfortunately, many pregnant women seldom seek dental care and some dentists are hesitant to treat during pregnancy. To address these issues, the Midwifery Initiated Oral Health Dental Service (MIOH-DS) program was developed in Australia. The aim of this study was to undertake a process evaluation and explore the perceptions of dental professionals involved in the program to determine the acceptability, feasibility and effectiveness of the program if it were to be upscaled. A qualitative approach using content analysis was conducted on data from two focus groups involving 12 dental professionals. All participants were supportive of the MIOH-DS program. They thought pregnant women were receptive to their care, and reported markedly improved oral health. The provision of free dental care and the involvement of midwives were cited as major factors that improved the uptake of the program. Some of the challenges encountered were the prevailing misconceptions about the safety of dental treatment and pregnancy-related impairments. Dental professionals found the MIOH-DS to be acceptable, feasible and effective in improving oral health of pregnant women and their uptake of dental services. However, some challenges need to be addressed as the MIOH-DS program is upscaled into a cost-effective model. SO WHAT?: Dental professionals are important stakeholders in the MIOH-DS model. The process evaluation of the successful dental intervention is necessary to understand how and why such interventions work, and is an important step in scaling up to a population-wide intervention.

Oral-health knowledge of Ecuadorian pregnant women.

The aim of this study is to determine the level of knowledge in oral health of pregnant women who come to the Comprehensive Medical Center and Geriatric Gerontium of the IESS in Azogues-Ecuador. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 109 pregnant women from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. A questionnaire was used to collect data, which was validated in the study by Castro et al. in Peru. The first part of the questionnaire includes questions of socio-demographic order, such as the trimester of pregnancy, level of education, urban or rural origin, and age. The second part includes 22 questions to assess the level of knowledge in various topics in oral health, such as preventive measures, understanding of oral diseases, dental care, and dental development. The responses to the second part were evaluated according to a numerical scale: 0 to 6 points were bad, 7 to 14 points were regular, and 15 to 22 points were good. The statistical analysis consisted of absolute and relative frequencies of the qualitative variables. A bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi Square test with a significance level of p <0.05. The knowledge in oral health of pregnant women was regular, reaching 82.56% in overall, 56.88% in preventive measures, 64.22% in understanding of oral diseases, 61.46% in dental care during pregnancy, and 60.55% in dental development. No differences were detected in the levels of knowledge according to the trimester of pregnancy (p = 0.38), educational level (p = 0.91), urban or rural origin (p = 0.25), or age (p = 0.98). The level of knowledge of oral health of pregnant women attending the Integral Geriatric Medical Center and Geronto IESS in Azogues-Ecuador is regular and is not associated with socio-demographic factors.

Conhecimento e atitudes dos cirurgiões-dentistas sobre a saúde bucal de gestantes

Objetivo: descrever o conhecimento e as atitudes dos cirurgiões-dentistas em relação à atenção à saúde bucal de gestantes em atendimento odontológico pré-natal. Material e Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, censitária e descritiva, que aplicou um formulário com questões objetivas aos cirurgiões-dentistas atuantes na atenção primária à saúde da área urbana da cidade de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, em 2015. Resultados : vinte e nove cirurgiões-dentistas foram entrevistados e, pelos resultados, foi possível identificar que 20,7% não foram estimulados a prestar atenção à saúde bucal das gestantes durante a graduação. Em relação ao conhecimento, 82,8% apontaram o segundo trimestre como o melhor momento para atendimento; 24,1% indicam que os dentes se tornam mais fracos durante esse período. Além disso, a maioria tinha conhecimento sobre questões controversas, como a possibilidade de utilização de anestesia odontológica (93,1%) e radiografia (69%). Em relação às atitudes e práticas na atenção primária à saúde, 31% dos cirurgiões-dentistas não discutiram a importância do atendimento odontológico pré-natal com a equipe. Conclusão: o conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas foi inconsistente em alguns aspectos importantes, o que pode dificultar o diálogo com gestantes e demais integrantes da equipe de saúde. As ações de educação em saúde bucal e a conscientização sobre a importância do atendimento odontológico pré-natal requerem profissionais treinados em odontologia, que possam contribuir para a melhoria do cuidado integral da gestante.

Use of the Explicit Health Guarantee of Oral Health Care for Pregnant Women at a Family Health Center, Concepción, Chile, 2014-2015.

Oral health plays a crucial role in general health, quality of life and well-being of pregnant women and their newborns. In Chile, pregnant women have dental care guaranteed by law. However, due to the lack of previous epidemiological studies on the benefits of this guarantee, it is necessary to describe this situation and evaluate the need to change the methods of providing dental services. The objective of this study was to describe the pattern of providing dental benefits resulting from the Explicit Health Guarantee - Integral Oral Health in Pregnant Women (GES-SOIE) program to pregnant women attending the Juan Soto Fernández Family Health Center, Concepción, Chile, in 2014-2015. A cross-sectional study of the electronic dental records of patients admitted to GES-SOIE was conducted. The variables studied were sociodemographic data, dental chair hours, non-attendance, treatment completion, and the type of referral to secondary healthcare (SHC). Of 233 pregnant women, 65.2% were registered for non-attendance, 21.2% required referral to SHC and 76.4% completed their treatment. When performing logistic regression, it was found that for each non-attendance the chance of not completing the treatment increased 1.4 times. The level of non-attendance and opting out of the treatment in pregnant women is high, which hinders the proper functioning and effectiveness of GES-SOIE.

Prenatal Oral Health Counseling by Primary Care Physicians: Results of a National Survey.

Objectives Limited information exists on the extent oral health is addressed in the context of prenatal care. This study sought to investigate characteristics of primary care physicians (PCP) who provide oral health counseling to pregnant women. Methods The study relied upon data from the 2013 Survey of PCP on Oral Health. Provision of oral health counseling to pregnant women (sometimes vs. rarely/never) was the primary outcome. Covariates included respondents' demographic and practice characteristics, oral health-related training, knowledge, attitudes, preparedness and clinical behaviors. The analytical strategy included bivariate tests and multivariable Poisson regression modeling, accounting for the survey design; inference was based upon marginal effects estimation. Results Two-thirds of PCP (233 out of 366 respondents) reported providing oral health counseling to pregnant women. In bivariate comparisons, female PCP, PCP with oral health-specific instruction during medical training, favorable oral health-related attitudes, behaviors, preparedness, and knowledge were more likely to provide counseling (p < 0.05). Multivariable analyses confirmed the independent associations of female gender [marginal effect = + 9.7 percentage points (p.p.); 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.0-19.0], years in practice (- 0.4 p.p. for each added year; 95% CI = - 0.09 to 0.0), oral health continuing education (+ 13.2 p.p.; 95% CI = 2.6-23.8), preparedness (+ 23.0 p.p.; 95% CI = 16.9-29.0) and oral health counseling of adult patients with other conditions (+ 8.8 p.p.; 95% CI = 4.6-13.3) with prenatal oral health counseling. Conclusions for Practice A considerable proportion of PCP nationwide counsel pregnant patients on oral health. Provider attributes including education and preparedness appear as promising targets for interventions aimed to enhance pregnant women's oral health and care.

New Insight into Pregnant Women Oral Health Care

The human body is comprised of complex systems, which are interconnected with each other. Because of the way, the human body is made; one organ of the body can have an impact on other organs of it. Oral health affects people physically and psychologically and influences how they grow, enjoy life, look, speak, chew, taste food and socialize, as well as their feelings of social well-being. The oral hygiene measures related to professional level, level of education, and periodontal maintenance. Some studies report that oral health has an impact on food choice and on the intake of key nutrients, causing various nutritional problems. Recent researches on oral and general health have shown a link between the two. With more than 90% of systemic diseases having oral symptoms. These symptoms can include swollen gums, sores, ulcers, dry mouth and more, the following diseases are an example of a systemic disease which has symptoms expressed in the mouth like diabetes, leukemia, oral cancer, pancreatic cancer, heart disease and kidney disease.

Evaluation of a midwifery initiated oral health-dental service program to improve oral health and birth outcomes for pregnant women: A multi-centre randomised controlled trial

BackgroundOral health care during pregnancy is important for the health of the mother and child. However, pregnant women have limited knowledge about maternal oral health and seldom seek dental care. Further, due to limited training antenatal care providers like midwives rarely discuss oral health with pregnant women. The Midwifery-Initiated Oral Health Dental Service program was developed to address current gaps in oral promotional interventions during pregnancy. ObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness of a Midwifery-Initiated Oral Health Dental Service program in improving uptake of dental services, oral health knowledge, quality of oral health, oral health status and birth outcomes of pregnant women. DesignMulti-centre randomised controlled trial. SettingThree large metropolitan public hospitals in Sydney, Australia. ParticipantsPregnant women attending their first antenatal appointment who were at least 18 years old and had a single low risk pregnancy between 12 and 20 weeks gestation. Methods638 pregnant women were allocated to three groups using block randomisation (n = 211) control group, intervention group 1 (n = 215), intervention group 2 (n = 212) and followed up till birth. Study investigators and data collectors were blinded to group allocation. Intervention group 1 received a midwifery intervention from trained midwives involving oral health education, screening and referrals to existing dental pathways. Intervention group 2 received the midwifery intervention and a dental intervention involving assessment/treatment from cost free local dental services. The control group received oral health information at recruitment. Primary outcome was uptake of dental services. Secondary outcomes included oral health knowledge, quality of oral health, oral health status and birth outcomes. ResultsSubstantial improvements in the use of dental services (20.2% Control Group; 28.3% Intervention group 1; 87.2% Intervention group 2; Odds Ratio Intervention group 2 vs Control Group = 29.72, 95% CI 15.02–58.53, p < 0.001), women’s oral health knowledge (p = 0.03); quality of oral health (p < 0.001) and oral health outcomes (sulcus bleeding, dental plaque, clinical attachment loss, decayed/filled teeth- p < 0.001) were found in Intervention group 2. No difference in the rate of preterm or low-birth weight was found. ConclusionsThe Midwifery-Initiated Oral Health Dental Service program (Intervention group 2) improved the uptake of dental services and oral health of pregnant women and is recommended during antenatal care. A cause and effect relationship between this intervention and improved birth outcomes was not supported.

Palestinian women's oral health status, knowledge, practices, and access to dental care during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundNo data exist about the oral health status, beliefs, and practices of women living in the occupied Palestinian territory generally and in pregnant women in particular. The aim of this study was to investigate pregnant women's oral health status, beliefs, and practices and the barriers to access to dental care. MethodsPregnant women visiting prenatal programmes at Ministry of Health centres in Jerusalem governorates were screened using the Decayed, Missed and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index to quantify their dental caries experience. A structured interview was also done to assess oral health beliefs and practices, demographic characteristics, and mothers' stress level and social support. Ethical approval was obtained from Al-Quds University Ethics Committee. Findings119 pregnant women agreed to participate in this study. 103 (87%) women were housewives with mean age 26 years (SD 5). 30 (25%) women had a household monthly income less than US$380, and 54 (45%) women did not finish their high school education. The sample had a mean DMFT index score of 14 (SD 5). 42 (35%) women had not visited a dentist in the past 3 years, and 61 (51%) women were advised by family and friends not to visit the dentist while pregnant. 96 (81%) women had no dental insurance, and 33 (28%) women considered cost to be a barrier to accessing dental care. 42 (35%) women brushed their teeth sometimes, and 106 (89%) women never flossed their teeth. 29 (24%) women perceived their oral health to be poor, and 65 (55%) women believed that a woman can lose a tooth just because she is pregnant. 60 (50%) women did not know the connection between poor oral health and adverse birth outcomes, and 25 (21%) women believed that cavities in baby teeth do not matter. InterpretationWomen in this study had a high prevalence of dental caries and reported substantial barriers to obtaining dental care. Findings from this study suggest the need for preventive and educational interventions to be incorporated in prenatal health-care programmes to improve maternal and child oral health in Palestine. FundingPartially funded by a L'Oréal/UNESCO “For Women in Science” 2014 Fellowship.

Percepciones, conocimientos y actitudes de profesionales de la salud latinoamericanos acerca de la salud bucodental de gestantes

Objetivo: identificar percepciones, actitudes y brechas de conocimientos acerca de la salud bucodental de gestantes entre ginecoobstetras y profesionales de salud latinoamericanos.Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal en especialistas en obstetricia y ginecología, médicos residentes, médicos generales y enfermeras profesionales. Muestreo aleatorio simple con un marco muestral de 680 profesionales de salud. Se calculó un tamaño de muestra de 103 sujetos, con un nivel de confianza del 95 %, un valor de prevalencia de conocimientos del 65 % y una precisión del 10 %. Se aplicó un cuestionario autodiligenciado, especialmente diseñado a partir de estudios previos. Se midieron las características sociodemográficas, los conocimientos, las actitudes y las percepciones. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva.Resultados: se obtuvo un total de 84 encuestas de 103 profesionales seleccionados. Estas correspondieron a: ginecoobstetras (53,6 %), médicos generales (23,8 %), enfermeras profesionales (16,7 %) y estudiantes de posgrado de la especialización en ginecología y obstetricia (6 %). Se dispuso información de profesionales de 13 de los 19 países. El 57,1 % no había recibido capacitación en patologías orales. El 20 % de los encuestados tuvo un nivel alto de conocimientos, y el 25 % tuvo una actitud positiva.Conclusión: se presentan brechas entre los diferentes profesionales encuestados acerca de la salud bucodental de las gestantes. Se recomienda capacitación y trabajo en equipo.

The effect of training interventions on the psychological factors of oral health in pregnant women.

Background and aimOral health is crucial for high-risk pregnant women in order to preserve their health and the health of their infants. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the impact of training programs on the behavior of pregnant mothers concerning oral health in Khorramabad, Iran.MethodsThis is an educational experimental study carried out in 2015 on 164 pregnant women referring to health centers in the city of Khorramabad who were randomly divided into two groups (each n=82). The instruments for data collection included a questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model regarding oral health and two checklists of oral health indexes (OHIS and DMFT). Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 via paired-samples t-test, independent-samples t-test and Chi-square.ResultsThe mean score of knowledge and performance, and the variables of the components of the Health Belief Model including the perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers and self-efficacy regarding the oral health care, significantly increased in the intervention group following the training intervention (p<0.001). However, the DMFT index did not show any changes after the intervention in the intervention and control groups (p=0.381). On the other hand, the OHIS index significantly decreased in the intervention group as compared with the pre-intervention scores (p=0.002).ConclusionThe results of this study showed that training based on the Health Belief Model leads to the enhancement of performance regarding oral health in pregnant women and thus prevents any increase in OHIS and DMFT levels during pregnancy.

Knowledge and practice related to oral health in pregnant women referring to health centers

Knowledge and practice related to oral health in pregnant women referring to health centers

Is poor periodontal oral health in pregnant women a risk factor for preterm delivery and low birth weight?

EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER Maternal periodontitis is associated with increased risk of low birth weight (<2,500 g) (SOR: B, prospective cohort study). Maternal periodontitis may be associated with shorter gestation (SOR: B, conflicting prospective cohort and cross-sectional studies, with better quality evidence favoring an association). Treatment of periodontal disease in early pregnancy has not been shown to affect birth weight or preterm labor (SOR: C, underpowered RCT).

Improving the Oral Health of Pregnant Women and Infants in California

Improving the Oral Health of Pregnant Women and Infants in California