Oral Health Impact Profile Research Articles

Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Oral Health-Associated Quality of Life of Pregnant Women Visiting a Public Sector Hospital

Objectives: To evaluate impact of socio economic status on oral health associated quality of life among pregnant ladies Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in hospital of Islamabad from April-May 2024. Pregnant women between 18-49 years of age coming for antenatal care visit, without any systemic illness were recruited via simple random sampling. Oral health-related quality of life amongst pregnant women was checked. Oral-clinical assessment of pregnant patients was done by using Oral health- impact profile questionnaire (OHIP-14). Approval from HSA ethical clearance committee & inform consent from patients was taken for this study. Chi-square test was applied to determine probable association b/w variables, with considering a p-value of 0.05 as significant. Results: About one-third population of this study was bachelor degree holder or above. Almost one-third (30%) participants had a family income per month ranging between 31000 to 50000 rupees. There was no significance found between OHIP-14 scores with level of education and occupation where p-values were 0.256 & 0.075 respectively. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) is the most commonly used scale for measuring OHRQoL of pregnant women. Chi-Square test revealed statistical insignificance of OHIP-14 score with socioeconomic status/monthly income (p-value 0.79). Chi-Square test was applied to find significance between OHIP-14 score and area of living and 1st pregnancy where p-values were 0.514 & 0.479 respectively. Conclusion: Socio-economic status do not has significant association and impact on oral health related quality of life of pregnant women. Providing dental services at a subsidized rate is the need of hour.

Interactive Effects of COVID-19 Infection and Psychological Factors on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Myanmar.

The complex association between COVID-19 and psychological factors may significantly impact oral health, including oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Despite their interconnected nature, literature regarding their collective impact on OHRQoL is limited. This study aims to assess the independent and interactive effects of COVID-19 infection and psychological factors on OHRQoL. The cross-sectional study included 158 participants from a health centre in Yangon city. Participants were categorised into three groups based on their COVID-19 infection history, hospitalisation and oxygen supply: 'not experienced', 'experienced, non-hospitalised' and 'experienced, hospitalised'. Validated instruments, including Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) to measure emotional states and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) to assess OHRQoL, were employed. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, linear regressions and interaction analysis were computed. The median OHIP-14 score was 7.2. Among 85 confirmed COVID-19 cases, 38.8% (n = 33) received hospitalisation and oxygen supply. Multivariable regression analysis identified 'experienced, hospitalised' (95% CI: 6.36, 11.76), difficulty falling asleep (95% CI: 2.65, 7.18), depressive symptoms (95% CI: 7.38, 12.44), anxiety symptoms (95% CI: 2.93, 7.52) and stress symptoms (95% CI: 4.55, 11.11) as predictors of OHIP-14. Interaction analysis revealed their associations varied by hospitalisation history. In non-hospitalised individuals, depressive symptoms were positively interacted with OHRQoL (95% CI: 1.34, 9.02). Significant associations were observed between 'experienced, hospitalised' × 'depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms' and OHRQoL in both univariable and multivariable analyses. A COVID-19 infection history and psychological distress significantly affect OHRQoL in Myanmar participants. Moreover, a strong interactive association was observed between hospitalisation during infection and symptoms of psychological distress.

Effects of the Oral Health Promotion Program on oral health and oral microbiota changes in diabetic elderly individuals: a quasi-experimental study

BackgroundDiabetes with its highly prevalence has become a major contributor to the burden of health care costs worldwide. Recent unequivocal evidence has revealed a bidirectional link between oral health and diabetes. In this study, the effects of the Oral Health Promotion Program (OHPP) on oral hygiene, oral health-related quality of life and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in diabetic elderly were examined. Moreover, microbial changes in the saliva microbiota community were also emphatically investigated.MethodsA quasi-experiment was conducted in regionally representative communities to assess oral health and oral microbiota of the elderly diabetic participants. The participants in the intervention group (n = 26) received OHPP including three phases of cognition, intensification and consolidation during the program, when those in the control group (n = 26) received routine oral care. Clinical parameters were recorded at two different time points as before the study (T0), and 3 months after intervention onset (T1). Oral health was measured via the oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire, dental plaque index, HbA1c and mastery of oral health knowledge, and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene from saliva samples was used to analyze the oral microbiota.ResultsThe average age of the final sample was 71.77 years (SD = 6.06), 53.8% (28/52) of whom were male. A reduction in the plaque index and improvements in oral health-related quality of life and mastery of oral health knowledge were observed in the intervention group. Meanwhile, the α-diversity of the microbiota increased in both groups, but more significant in the intervention group. PCoA analyses showed significant differences in microbial community structure in both groups, and LEfSe analyses revealed a decrease of g_Streptococcus and g_Rothia after the implementation of OHPP and a decrease of g_Streptococcusa, g_Porphyromonas, g_Gemella after the routine oral care. There was no statistically significant difference in the HbA1c level between two groups.ConclusionsOHPP superiorly contributes to the improvement of oral health and oral microbiota in elderly diabetic patients. The overarching goal is to introduce attention to the importance of good oral health as a crucial point in preventing and managing diabetes mellitus and thereby make it a meaningful contribution to public health and geriatric care.Trial registrationThis study was retrospectively registered in Chinese Clinical Trial on October 9, 2022 (ID ChiCTR2200064453).

Correlates Between Temporomandibular Disorder Symptom Severity, Psychological Distress, Well-Being, and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: Insights From Chinese Young Adults.

There is limited understanding of how temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms, psychological distress, and well-being are related to each other and to OHRQoL in Chinese young adults. This study aimed to identify correlations between TMD symptom severity, psychological status, and OHRQoL while also examining factors associated with low OHRQoL. Participants, recruited from a major university in the capital city, completed a survey that included demographics, the Chinese versions of the expanded five TMD symptoms (5Ts) screener, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), Ryff's Scales of Psychological Well-being-18 (SPWB-18), and Oral Health Impact Profile for TMDs (OHIP-TMD). Data were analysed using Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis/Mann-Whitney U tests, Spearman's correlation, and logistic regression (α = 0.05). The study sample consisted of 414 individuals (mean age 22.0 years [SD 2.1], 77.8% female). Among them, 23.4%, 22.2%, 15.7%, and 38.6% had no (NT), intra-articular (IT), pain-related (PT), and combined (CT) TMD symptoms, respectively. Significant differences were observed in global TMD severity (CT>IT, PT>NT), global distress (CT>IT, NT), and OHRQoL (CT>IT, PT, NT), but not global well-being. Global TMD severity was significantly, albeit weakly, correlated with global distress (rs = 0.32) and global well-being (rs = -0.12). Global distress, in turn, showed a significant but weak negative association with global well-being (rs = -0.34). Both global TMD severity and global distress exhibited moderate correlations with global OHIP (rs = 0.63/0.42). Global TMD severity, incorporating symptom duration, frequency, intensity, and interference, was the main determinant of low OHRQoL in Chinese young adults.

A randomized clinical trial comparing retention of complete dentures and oral health quality of life of patients with conventional and bioelectric impressions.

The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate the retention of complete dentures and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients with conventional and bioelectric impressions or transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS). A total of thirty (n=30) completely edentulous patients were randomly distributed into two groups: Group-C (n=15) (Conventional) and Group-T (n=15) (bioelectric). In Group C, border molding was performed using the manual manipulation of borders, and the final impression was made using zinc-oxide eugenol. In Group T, border molding and final impression were performed with the TENS application. Dentures were fabricated, and retention was evaluated with a digital gauge. OHRQoL was assessed at insertion and after three months of follow-up using the Oral Health Impact Profile Edentulous in Hindi (OHIP-Edent-H) questionnaire. A two-way ANOVA test was used for the significance level (P<0.05). Student t-test was used for intergroup comparison, and paired t-test was used for intragroup comparison of OHRQoL. There was no significant difference in the retention of maxillary and mandibular dentures fabricated with both techniques (P=0.283, P=0.682). Although, OHRQoL increased significantly in both groups at follow-up (P=0.001). However, at follow-up, the Functional Limitation (FL) domain was significantly better in the conventional group. Although, there was no significant difference in retention and OHRQoL between both groups. However, more clinical trials with large samples and longer follow-ups are required to reach a conclusive result.

Impact of tooth wear on quality of life of patients attending a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria

Tooth wear is listed as one of the main oral health problems which affects a major part of the population. It may affect the physical, mental and social well-being of an individual, thereby impacting on the general health and quality of life. This study aimed to determine the impact of tooth wear on quality of life of patients attending a tertiary hospital in Lagos. Methods: 239 consecutive subjects with tooth wear who attended the Dental Centre of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja, Lagos within a period of 3months were recruited. Informed consent was obtained, and an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemography, diet history and tooth brushing techniques. All subjects also completed the oral health impact profile 14 (OHI-14) questionnaire. Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index was used to assess tooth wear. The association between tooth wear and OHI-14 was determined. Results: The age range was 18years to 80years with a mean of 56.21±14.3 years. A higher proportion of tooth wear was seen in males (52.3%). The most common BEWE index score was medium, 9-13 (130; 54.4%), followed by high, 14 and above (59; 24.7%) and the least was low, 3-8 (50; 20.9%). The physical pain domain had the highest mean score of 3.11±24 while social disability domain had the least which was 0.8±1.2 Conclusion: The most affected domain was physical pain followed by psychological discomfort and physical disability while the least affected domain was social disability.

Oral health-related quality of life and levels of anxiety and depression in individuals with oral potentially malignant disorders

Objectives: To evaluate oral health-related quality of life and possible correlations with anxiety and depression in patients with oral potentially malignant disorders. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in a reference center for oral lesions in the interior of the state of Bahia from February 2022 to January 2023, using the questionnaires Oral Health Impact Profile-14, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Results: There was a slight change in the oral health-related quality of life of individuals in the sample, with a prevalence of responses to psychological discomfort, psychological incapacity, and physical pain domains. In addition, 39.7% and 17.9% of patients were identified as likely having generalized anxiety and depressive symptoms, respectively. When relating the levels of anxiety and depression with the perception of oral health-related quality of life, a positive correlation was found (p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: Patients with oral potentially malignant disorders showed a slight change in oral health-related quality of life. However, there was a positive correlation between the perception of oral health-related quality of life and levels of anxiety and depression.

Region of Chief Complaint is Associated With Aesthetic Expectation in Prosthodontic Patients: A Cross‐Sectional Study

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aims to explore the association between aesthetic expectation and possible variables such as region of chief complaint, gender, age, chief complaint, duration and its influencing mechanism.Subjects and MethodsOne hundred and ninety‐four patients seeking prosthodontic treatment were recruited and completed the questionnaires including the Oral Health Impact Profile 5‐item (OHIP‐5), the Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness 8‐item (SSCI‐8), the Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7‐item (GAD‐7), the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire 23‐item (PIDAQ‐23), aesthetic expectation and other demographic and disease‐related information.ResultsAesthetic expectation showed significant correlations with region of chief complaint (r = 0.363, p &lt; 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis after stratified analysis showed that aesthetic expectation was significantly positively related to social impact (1.10, 95% CI [0.30, 1.91], p = 0.009), aesthetic concern (1.29, 95% CI [0.19, 2.40], p = 0.025) and dental self‐confidence (0.94, 95% CI [0.35, 1.54], p = 0.003) while presenting a negative correlation with psychological impact (−1.24, 95% CI [−2.53, 0.05], p = 0.065) only in prosthodontic patients of aesthetic zone. Mediation analysis revealed a significant direct association between aesthetic expectation and the aesthetic zone (0.77, 95% CI [0.03, 1.53]), as well as between the aesthetic zone and the nonaesthetic zone (1.17, 95% CI [0.33, 2.00]) via PIDAQ‐23. A significant indirect association between aesthetic expectation and the aesthetic zone (0.76, 95% CI [0.41, 1.17]) as well as between the aesthetic zone and the nonaesthetic zone (1.06, 95% CI [063, 1.56]) via PIDAQ‐23 was also observed.ConclusionRegion of chief complaint is associated with aesthetic expectation via PIDAQ‐23 in prosthodontic patients. Researchers and dentists should take region of chief complaint and psychosocial impact into account when using aesthetic expectations for aesthetic analysis.

A Double-Blind Randomized Crossover Trial Comparing the Esthetic Outcomes Of CAD-CAM Provisional Restorations Fabricated Using CBCT And IOS Acquisition Methods.

This double-blind randomised crossover trial aimed to compare the aesthetic outcomes of CAD-CAM manufactured provisional restorations created using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral scanners (IOS) acquisition methods. Twelve participants (mean-age: 38 ± 5 years) requiring full mouth rehabilitation were included in this crossover trial. Two sets of identical CAD-CAM provisional restorations, differing only in the method of data acquisition (A: CBCT, B: IOS), were fabricated. Restorations were cemented for two weeks, with washout period between interventions. Esthetic evaluations were conducted using clinician and patient-reported outcome questionnaires. Both parametric and non-parametric tests were used to account for data variability: Mann-Whitney U test compared pink esthetic score (PES), white esthetic score (WES), and modified US Public Health Service (USPHS) score. An unpaired t-test compared Oral Health Impact Profile- Aesthetic Questionnaire (OHIP-Aes) scores and Orofacial Esthetic scores. Clinician-reported outcomes showed significantly better esthetic scores for provisional restorations fabricated using CBCT compared to IOS. CBCT scored higher in Pink Esthetic Score (PES) [Mean rank: CBCT=16.00, IOS=9.00; P=0.012] and White Esthetic Score (WES) [Mean rank: CBCT=17.25, IOS=7.75; P<0.001]. No significant differences were observed for Modified USPHS scores across groups [Mean rank: CBCT=11.38, IOS=13.63; P=0.221]. Patient-reported outcomes indicated no significant differences between groups in OHIP-Aes scores [CBCT=1.25±1.76, IOS=1.58±1.62; P=0.635] or Orofacial Esthetic Index (OFEI) scores [CBCT=65.75±1.54, IOS=65.50±1.62; P=0.703]. Both CBCT and IOS acquisition techniques provide aesthetically satisfactory CAD-CAM provisional restorations. CBCT demonstrated significantly higher clinician-reported esthetic outcomes for both pink and white esthetic scores. While patient satisfaction was similar for both methods, CBCT offers practical advantages, including the elimination of separate diagnostic appointments, making it a preferred choice for enhanced esthetic outcomes in CAD-CAM provisional restorations.

Efficacy of thyme honey in the management of oral aphthous ulcers: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

The current study aimed to assess the effect of thyme honey on pain relief in patients with minor aphthous ulcers as a primary objective, its healing effect on ulcer size reduction, and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). In this randomized clinical trial, 30 patients (15 in each group) having minor aphthous ulcers at the oral diagnostic clinic at the British University in Egypt were treated with either thyme honey or triamcinolone acetonide in orabase. Different clinical parameterswere recorded for both groups at various intervals, such as pain intensity using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), size of ulcers in mm, and OHIP-14. Thyme honey intervention showed more significant ulcer size reduction than thetriamcinolone acetonide group on days 5, and 7, and a more substantial decrease in pain intensity on days 3, 5, and 7. Additionally, the thyme honey group showed significantly lower OHIP values than the triamcinolone acetonide group after 7 days. The current clinical trial furnished evidence of the effectiveness of thyme honey in managing minor aphthous ulcers for the first time and revealed clinical efficiency with satisfactory patient outcomes.

A REVIEW OF CONTEMPORARY METHODS FOR CARIES RISK ASSESSMENT

Introduction. Modern dentistry offers various risk assessment tools, such as CAMBRA, Cariogram, and the ADA Risk Assessment Tool. These tools help dentists create personalized treatment plans. However, their effectiveness is still debated. Materials and Methods. An electronic search was conducted using the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Scopus databases without any regional or temporal restrictions. The following keywords were used: CAMBRA, Cariogram, ADA Risk Assessment Tool, caries risk assessment, ECAT. This comprehensive search strategy ensured a broad and unbiased collection of relevant studies. Results. Quantitative methods include CAMBRA (Caries Management by Risk Assessment), Cariogram, the ADA Risk Assessment Tool, OHIS (Oral Health Impact Profile), and ECAT (Early Childhood Caries Assessment Tool). Qualitative methods, on the other hand, rely on clinical examination, saliva analysis, and genetic testing. Discussion. The key similarities among the aforementioned methods are evident. First, all of these methods employ a comprehensive approach, considering multiple factors that contribute to caries risk, such as oral hygiene, diet, dental history, saliva composition, fluoride exposure, and other relevant risk factors. Second, each method supports an individualized approach, allowing for the development of personalized treatment and prevention plans based on the patient's specific risk profile. Finally, all of these methods are designed to identify patients at high risk for caries, facilitating early intervention and preventive measures. Conclusion. Contemporary quantitative methods for assessing caries risk, such as CAMBRA, the ADA Risk Assessment Tool, Cariogram, and ECAT, prove to be effective in evaluating individual risks for tooth decay. Each method has its strengths and limitations, and the optimal choice for a particular dental practice may depend on factors like the dentist’s preferences, available resources, and patient demographics.

Evaluating quality of life changes in patients with cleft lip or palate: a mixed method pre- and postsurgical analysis in Karachi

BackgroundCleft lip and/or palate (CLP) is the most common orofacial congenital disability, presenting significant medical, psychological, and social challenges. In Pakistan, the incidence of CLP is high, estimated at one in 523 live births, but accurate data are lacking due to the absence of a birth registry. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes. This study evaluated the impact of CLP on patients’ quality of life in Karachi, comparing pre- and post-surgical phases.MethodsA sequential exploratory quantitative-qualitative mixed-methods study was conducted at two tertiary care hospitals in Karachi. In the quantitative phase, 280 patients with CLP, either awaiting or post-surgery, completed the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Based on questionnaire responses, 30 participants were purposively selected for in-depth, semi-structured interviews exploring their experiences. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 25; qualitative data were analyzed thematically.ResultsQuantitative findings revealed significant gender disparities in cleft types and correction status; females had a higher prevalence of unilateral cleft lip, while males had more cleft palate cases. Dental and oral health issues significantly affected daily activities, with higher impacts in cleft palate patients. OHRQoL varied by gender, cleft type, and correction status, with those post-surgery reporting poorer OHRQoL. Qualitative analysis identified six themes: Diagnosis and Early Treatment, Challenges and Impact, Postsurgical Experiences, Support Systems, Healthcare Experiences, and Future Perspectives. Inconsistencies in psychological support, accessibility and financial burdens were presented as significant issues. Sentiment analysis highlighted varied emotions, from despair to hope and gratitude.ConclusionsCLP significantly affects patients’ quality of life in Karachi across multiple dimensions. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are essential but often hindered by financial and accessibility issues. Psychological effects, including low self-esteem and social isolation, highlight the need for integrated mental health support. Family and community support are critical for patient resilience. A comprehensive approach addressing medical, psychological, social, and systemic factors is necessary to improve outcomes for individuals with CLP.

Correlation between measured oral health and oral health-related quality of life in people with epidermolysis bullosa: a prospective cohort study

BackgroundInherited epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a genetic disorder characterized by skin fragility and unique oral features. This prospective study aimed to analyze the correlation between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and the objectively measured oral health indices of people suffering from EB and within their subtypes.MethodsThe German version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14G) was employed for the assessment of OHRQoL. Furthermore, all participants underwent a comprehensive clinical examination to evaluate their oral health via the Physical Oral Health Index (PhOX). Study participants were included through various self-help groups in Germany, regular appointments at the outpatient clinic for rare diseases with orofacial involvement, at the Department of Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery at the University Hospital Münster and through contact via social media.ResultsA total of 33 individuals participated in the study. The study revealed that both OHRQoL and oral health were reduced. Individuals with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) were more negatively affected than were those in the junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) and epidermolysis simplex (EBS) groups. The OHIP-G14 mean score of participants diagnosed with DEB was 25.2 (95% CI: 18.4–32.0; ± 13.7, range 5–49), and the PhOX mean score of DEB was 54.6 (± 15.7). A significant correlation was observed between PhOX and the OHIP score (rs = -0.54; p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe findings of this study corroborate the challenges faced by patients with EB in the oral domain and the deterioration of their OHRQoL. These results emphasize the necessity for dentists to engage comprehensively in disease management, encompassing routine examinations, preventive dental care and oral hygiene education. Consequently, enhanced communication is required not only between dental and dermatological teams but also with caregivers.

Relationship Between Fear of Childbirth and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Pregnant Women: The Mediating Effect of Pregnancy Anxiety.

Psychosocial health affects oral health-related quality of life. Pregnancy, as a special time for women, produces significant psychological changes. However, the relationship between mental health during pregnancy and oral health-related quality of life is unclear. The study aims to explore the association between fear of childbirth and investigate the mediating effect of pregnancy anxiety. Using a cross-sectional design, 478 pregnant women were recruited and evaluated using the Fear of Birth Scale, the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14. Multiple linear regressions were performed to evaluate the relationship between fear of childbirth and oral health-related quality of life. PROCESS software was applied to assess the mediating effect of pregnancy anxiety. Both fear of childbirth and pregnancy anxiety were negative correlation with oral health-related quality. Pregnancy anxiety mediated 40% of the association between fear of childbirth and oral health-related quality of life (β = 0.072, SE = 0.030, 95% CI [0.015, 0.131]). Pregnancy anxiety mediates the relationship between fear of childbirth and oral health-related quality of life in pregnant women. To improve the oral health-related quality of life among pregnant women, relevant healthcare workers should actively help pregnant women to improve psychological health.

Validation of an Oral Health Tool for Clinicians to Screen Patients With Cardiovascular Disease.

To develop and validate a screening tool to identify patients with cardiovascular disease at risk of poor oral health and requiring referrals. This study was part of a larger pilot study involving a cross-sectional survey and an oral health assessment conducted with patients with cardiovascular disease. A four-item screening tool was developed by an expert panel and validated through a cross-sectional survey of patients with cardiovascular disease. The survey contained the tool and the oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) (first gold standard). Additionally, all survey participants were provided a clinical oral health assessment (second gold standard). Sensitivity and specificity analysis was undertaken comparing the tool to the two gold standards to assess patients with cardiovascular disease at risk of poor oral health. Three hundred and twenty-one participants completed the cross-sectional survey and eighty nine undertook the oral health assessment. Results from both approaches showed that the tool had high sensitivities (OHIP-14 = 89%, Oral assessment = 88%) and low specificities (OHIP-14 = 33% and Oral assessment = 24%). The four-item screening tool is a simple and valid tool to identify patients with cardiovascular disease at risk of poor oral health and requiring a dental referral. The tool could be incorporated into routine practice of nurses across various cardiac settings.

Nutrition, Chewing Ability and Quality of Life in Older Adults With Implant Overdentures: A Prospective Clinical Study.

To evaluate the changes in nutritional status, chewing ability and oral health-related quality of life in edentulous individuals who have initially been rehabilitated with immediate complete dentures (CD) which are then transformed to implant-supported overdentures (IOD) after a period of osseointegration. Compared to those with conventional dentures, individuals with IODs exhibit improved patient-reported outcomes, chewing capacity and biting force. While prior research highlights differences in nutritional markers between these groups, there is limited investigation into intra-individual changes in nutritional status, chewing ability and oral health-related quality of life during the transition from CDs to IODs. Edentulous individuals aged 50 years or older and needing oral rehabilitation with IODs were eligible for this prospective study. The primary outcome measure was the nutritional status as measured by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire and chewing ability questionnaire represented secondary outcome measures. These measures were assessed at baseline (T0), 3-month follow-up after application of the CD (T1), and 3- and 6-month follow-up after the CD had been transformed to IOD (T2 and T3). Statistical analyses used repeated measures ANOVA or the Friedman test for OHIP-14 and MNA scores, with logistic regression used for malnutrition risk. Thirty-five participants were included in the final analysis. MNA scores significantly worsened from the baseline to the 3-month follow-up after the application of the CD. There was no significant change in nutritional status between baseline and the IOD 3- and 6-month follow-up appointment. IODs led to significant improvements in the OHIP total score at both the 3- and 6-month follow-ups (p < 0.001, W = 0.60) with a strong effect size. Difficulty in chewing decreased significantly, affecting 91.4% of participants at baseline, which reduced to 51.4% (18/35) by the 6th month. Implant-supported overdentures do not influence nutritional status, but they improve chewing ability and oral-health related quality of life in older adults.

Factors Associated With Nutritional Status in Patients With Removable Dentures: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Tooth loss can impair masticatory function and may subsequently result in malnutrition. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with controlling nutritional status (CONUT) scores, which assess malnutrition risk, in patients with removable dentures. Materials and methods In this cross-sectional study, data were obtained from a consecutive sampling of 192 patients (mean age 72.7 ± 8.4 years, 73 males and 119 females) with removable dentures. Variables assessed included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), Eichner index, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), social background (frequency of nutrition-related media consumption, level of attention to diet, economic status, educational background, and whether the patient lived alone), denture quality assessed by dentists, the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), masticatory performance score based on the glucose concentration of comminuted gummy jelly, energy intake based on the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BHDQ), and the CONUT score as determined from blood test results. Multiple regression analysis was performed with malnutrition risk level (CONUT 0 as low-risk, CONUT 1 and 2 as mild-risk, and CONUT 3 and 4 as moderate-risk) as the dependent variable and the 14 items aforementioned as independent variables. Results The number of patients at low, mild, and moderate risk was 67, 116, and 9, respectively. Regression analysis revealed that being male(P = 0.004), low BMI (P < 0.001), and low masticatory performance scores (P = 0.025) were significantly associated with malnutrition risk, as evaluated by the CONUT score. Conclusion Enhanced masticatory performance may help improve the nutritional status of patients with removable dentures.

Association Between the Two-Year Trajectories of Dental Anxiety and the Changes in the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Parents of FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study.

Objectives: We evaluated associations between changes in dental anxiety and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in parents of the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Methods: Two-year dental anxiety trajectories measured with Modified Dental Anxiety Scale from gestational weeks (gw) 14 and 34, and 3 and 24 months after birth were used. OHRQoL was measured with the Oral Health Impact Profile 14-item questionnaire at gw34 and 4 years. Changes in the OHRQoL sum and dimension scores according to dental anxiety trajectories were analyzed with the Jonckheere-Terpstra test separately for mothers (n = 998) and fathers (n = 513). Results: Overall, OHRQoL decreased in all dental anxiety trajectory groups except the High decreasing group in mothers and in fathers. The decline in the overall OHRQoL was greatest in the Stable high trajectory group for both parents. In fathers, OHRQoL increased considerably but not statistically significantly in the High decreasing trajectory group. The changes in OHRQoL dimensions Psychological discomfort and Handicap differed according to dental anxiety trajectories for both of mothers and fathers, and also for the dimension Psychological disability for mothers. Conclusions: These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions in treating high dental anxiety and in preventing the increase in dental anxiety to improve oral health outcomes such as OHRQoL.

Psychological resilience in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome: effect of involvement of major salivary and lacrimal glands.

The aim of this study was to assess whether the involvement of major salivary and lacrimal glands in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) affected the psychological resilience of patients. This cross-sectional study included 116 patients with pSS. Data were collected through clinical examinations, measurement of salivary flow rates (SFRs), and from Schirmer's test, as well as from patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), such as the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) Sjögren's Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI), Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Hyposalivation was defined as an unstimulated SFR of≤0.1mL/min. The BRS score (mean±SD=2.60±0.69) was lower in patients with recurrent parotitis (2.11±0.37) than in those without recurrent parotitis (2.67±0.86), in the whole group. In patients with an unacceptable symptom state (ESSPRI score≥5 points), a lower BRS score was observed in patients with both hyposalivation and ocular dryness (2.59±0.69) than in patients with isolated hyposalivation (2.84±0.84). The BRS score was also negatively associated with the WPAI-Daily Impairment and OHIP-14 scores in patients with hyposalivation as well as with HADS-A (the seven items of HADS relating to the anxiety dimension) and HADS-D (the seven items of HADS relating to the depression dimension) in the whole group. The results suggest that psychological resilience in pSS may be affected by recurrent parotitis, the levels of anxiety and depression, as well as hyposalivation with ocular dryness.

Impact of HbA1c levels on the clinical outcomes of ultrahydrophilic, smooth collar implants in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

The relationship between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and the clinical outcomes of ultrahydrophilic, smooth collar implants in the maxillary molar region remains underexplored. The purpose of this clinical study was to investigate the relationship between the HbA1c levels and clinical outcomes of ultrahydrophilic, smooth collar implants in the maxillary molar region of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In total, 35 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had received dental implants in the maxillary molar region between January 2016 and June 2020 were enrolled. Marginal bone levels (MBLs) were assessed from radiographs immediately and 1 to 2 years after restoration. Peri-implant tissue health was evaluated clinically and radiographically, and patient satisfaction was measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 scale. The data were organized using a spreadsheet and statistically analyzed with a statistical software package. A t test was used to determine significant differences between groups, specifically comparing patients with HbA1c levels <7% and ≥7% in terms of MBLs, bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and patient satisfaction (OHIP-14 scores) (α=.05). Furthermore, a linear correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between HbA1c levels and PD, as well as HbA1c levels and OHIP-14 scores. Of the 35 participants, 27 were successfully followed up, and 27 ultrahydrophilic, smooth collar implants with a mean ±standard deviation length of 9.30 ±1.16 mm were placed. All implants were considered clinically successful 1 to 2 years after restoration. Those with HbA1c levels <7% exhibited no mesial or distal bone loss, while those with HbA1c levels ≥7% experienced a mean ±standard deviation distal marginal bone loss of 0.25 ±0.30 mm and a mean ±standard deviation mesial marginal bone loss of 0.14 ±0.16 mm. The overall satisfaction and total Oral Health Impact Profile-14 scores in patients with HbA1c levels ≥7.5% significantly differed from those with HbA1c levels <7.5% (P<.05). Ultrahydrophilic, smooth collar implants demonstrated favorable clinical and patient satisfaction outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with HbA1c levels serving as strong indicators of peri-implant health.