Oral Aesthetics Research Articles

Association between perception of esthetics and oral health related quality of life among adolescents in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia

AimThis study aimed to investigate the association of perception of esthetics with oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) among adolescents in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia in 2018. It included 1638 participants from public schools stratified by gender and randomly selected using cluster sampling. Students were included if they were 11–18 years old, with no disabilities and had parental consent. Data was collected about participants’ gender and age. Perception of oral esthetics (exposure) was measured by the Oro-Facial Esthetic Scale (OES-AR). The OHRQoL (outcome) was assessed using the Child Oral Health Impact Profile- short form (COHIP-SF19). ResultsThe response rate was 99.7%. The mean (SD) of the participants was 14.5 (1.6) and males constituted 48.4%. The mean esthetic score was 31.44 (SD = 5), and mean OHRQoL score was 20.21 (SD = 11.8). The esthetic score was significantly higher in females (mean = 32.2) than males (mean = 30.6, P < 0.0001). The OHRQoL score was negatively correlated with the perception of esthetics (r = −0.23, P = 0.13). ConclusionEsthetic score was higher among females, and inversely related to OHRQoL scores.

Selamento de perfuração radicular cervical com reabilitação imediata - relato de caso

Objective: To present a treatment option for sealing of cervical root perforation, through a clinical case report performed in the upper lateral incisor in a patient assisted at UNIPAR Dental Clinic, in Francisco Beltrao. Materials and methods: Patient presented root perforation of iatrogenic origin, at cervical third level, in dental element (12), where a therapy protocol was proposed and performed. Initially, it was performed an increase of clinical crown to expose the area of interest, and later the sealing was performed with glass ionomer cement, endodontic treatment and rehabilitation with glass fiber pin and composite resin. The clinical and radiographic follow-up was done from month to month until it reached 12 months. Conclusion: Root perforations are considered real challenges for the clinician, from diagnosis to appropriate therapy, as well as from dubious prognosis. However, through this case report it can be seen that when well conducted, the therapy presents good results, allowing the maintenance of the element in the oral cavity, preserving function and aesthetics

All-On-Four Protocol With Immediate Load on Short Implants in an Atrophic Mandible: A Case Report with a 4-Year Follow-Up

Purpose: Edentulism has been demonstrated to have negative social and psychological effects on individuals that include adverse impacts on facial and oral esthetics, masticatory function and speech abilities, that when combined, are translated into significant reductions in patients’ quality of lives. It is well-known that immediate placement of implants is a challenging surgical procedure that requires proper treatment planning and surgical techniques. Therefore, the present study describes a 4-year follow-up case report where short implants were placed in an atrophic mandibule and were loaded with the utilization of an all-on-four prosthetic protocol. Case report: A 54 year-old woman dissatisfied with her oral and facial esthetics, masticatory function and speech ability came to the implantology clinic of the Positivo University seeking for oral rehabilitation treatment. After detailed physical and clinical examination, a Computer Tomography scan (CT-scan) was performed to determine the patient’s bone ridge density, dimensions and eligibility for the placement of dental implants. The CT-scan results have indicated the presence of an extremely atrophic mandibular bone ridge. The CT-scan was also used as an aid during the final restoration treatment planning in terms of vertical dimension of occlusion, masticatory function, and stabilization of the lower denture. An all-on-four protocol supported by short implants was then treatment-planned to reduce time, costs and morbidity, and also to achieve superior immediate esthetic results and masticatory function. To reconstruct the patient’s atrophic edentulous mandibule, 4 short implants, including 2 distally tilted, were placed with a final torque of 45 Ncm. Results: Following the development and implementation of a complex treatment plan, the patient displayed stable soft and hard tissues at 4-year postoperative follow-up assessment, demonstrating the effectiveness of the all-on-four technique supported by short implants. Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, the present case report demonstrated that the all-on-four prosthetic protocol with immediate loading on short implant was effective in an atrophic mandible over a 4-year follow-up.

Pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms of denture plaque – literature review

Removable dentures, which restore oral cavity lost tissues, regain functionality and aesthetics of the dentition, constitute a foreign body that promotes the accumulation of microorganisms in multi-species ecosystems called biofilms. Biofilms are a living environment for many species of bacteria and fungi that may be potentially pathogenic. This document reviews and characterizes selected pathogenic microorganisms that have been isolated from the surface of prostheses.

Esthetic treatment of altered passive eruption.

Altered passive eruption is described as a condition in which the relationship between teeth, alveolar bone and soft tissues creates an excessive display of gingiva, commonly known as a 'gummy smile'. While there are authors who consider altered passive eruption to be a risk to periodontal health, its impact is greatest in terms of oral esthetics. The aim of periodontal management in such cases is not only to improve patient esthetics but also to restore periodontal health by re-establishing the normal relationship between the gingival margin, alveolar bone crest and cemento-enamel junction. The aim of this article is to present a narrative review of the etiology, classification and management of altered passive eruption.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the child perceptions questionnaire (CPQ11\u201314) among children in Lebanon

The aim of this study was to assess the reliability, reproducibility, and convergent and discriminant validity of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ)11–14 in a group of 11–14-year-old Lebanese children. This was a cross-sectional study. Children aged between 11 and 14 were recruited between March and June 2014 from five schools in Beirut and the surrounding region: a central public school and four private schools. Data were collected from self-administered questionnaires and a clinical intraoral examination was conducted. In addition to the CPQ11–14, the questionnaires included socio-demographic characteristics, questions about each child’s perception of oral and general health status and dental aesthetics, satisfaction with dental conditions and the need for dental treatment. The oral examination included the number of teeth affected by caries (D3 level), fillings, the number of missing teeth and an orthodontic assessment of malocclusion using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). The final number of children included was 693 and their mean age was 13.14 ± 0.82 years; 54.4% were boys. The mean CPQ score was 15.60 ± 14.55, range 0 to 110. Cronbach’s alpha of the global CPQ score was 0.880 and varied from 0.897 to 0.908. The reproducibility of the overall CPQ score was good, as was the CPQ score for each of the four domain scores (ICC > 0.682; p < 0.001). Higher CPQ scores were found for children with self-perceived poor general health (p < 0.001) or oral health (p < 0.001), unsatisfactory oral health (p < 0.001), need for dental treatment (p < 0.001) and perception of dental aesthetic problems (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression models showed that the recruitment setting, the DMFT index and the DAI index were significantly associated with the CPQ global score (p = 0.004). The Lebanese version of the CPQ11–14 showed excellent psychometric properties and was able to distinguish children with different oral conditions. Additional longitudinal studies should be performed to test the properties of this questionnaire in clinical samples.

Collaboration from periodontics in the aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth

Anterior teeth are the main zones that reflect oral aesthetics. The histological structure, outside appearance, relative ratios, and other characteristics of tissues must be understood to obtain relatively ideal and natural restoration effects. A collaboration of different disciplines must be implemented to obtain harmonious and stable restoration outcomes that help the majority appreciate beauty. This article aims to discuss the role of periodontics in this collaboration and introduce several common techniques.

Technologising Orality: A Reflection on Femi Lasode’s ‘Sango’

Filmmakers have made recourse to traditional materials and oral aesthetics and blended them with technology in their narratives in order to achieve a unique film tradition. This paper assessed Lasode's deployment of oral and film aesthetics in reconstructing the story of the legendary hero-god, Sango. It focused on the narratology of the text, in its adaptation of oral materials. Relying on the concepts of adaptation and translation, the paper adopted character and thematic analytical approach. The paper established that, the film-text has combined technology with orality to present Sango, not only as a legendary figure who inundation his world with mystic grandeur but a tragic hero whose misfortune arises from the bitter politics of his time and whose moral lapses leave a pattern for the modern society to learn from. Technology is deployed to demonstrate the adaptability and continuous relevance of oral materials, (drum, songs, chant, gong, flute and myth) to achieve harmony between the past and the present. Furthermore, songs and drums become the non- human character, motivating, warning, instructing and informing humans in their interactions with one another. In all, Lasode used technology to demonstrate the adaptability and continual relevance of oral material in contemporary narratives. Key Words: technologising, orality, narratology, aesthetics and reconstruct

Satisfaction, Awareness and Attitude about Oral Aesthetics Among Female High School Students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Satisfaction, Awareness and Attitude about Oral Aesthetics Among Female High School Students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Satisfaction, Awareness and Attitude about Oral Aesthetics among Female High School Students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Aim of the study is to determine the level of dental satisfaction, awareness, and attitude among 3rd year female high school students of Riyadh. As it is important to detect the level or awareness and attitude at young age so that they all can benefit more from the early treatment plan and as females are more conscious towards overall aesthetic we therefore aimed to recruit female participants only in order to evaluate the level of concerns regarding oral aesthetics. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 501 female students in 6 different high schools of Riyadh. A structured questionnaire was used to identify the students’ score about the level of satisfaction, awareness, and attitude towards their dental appearance. The results and statistics were carried out by using the SPSS software version 20. Results: Among those surveyed, (82.2%) were satisfied with their dental appearance, (81.6%) had good awareness and (58.9%) had negative attitude. The most undergone treatment among the students was orthodontic treatments (62.6%). The most desired treatment was teeth whitening (52.8%) followed by orthodontic treatments (18.2%). The mother’s level of education and income were significantly related to the awareness level (0.001 and 0.004 respectively). Conclusion: Through this cross-sectional study conducted on 501 female students we concluded that more than three fourth of the students were satisfied with their dental appearance and are aware about the oral health; however, more than half had negative attitude towards the oral aesthetics. Mother’s level of education and family income were related to awareness level of the students. Strategies should be formulated based on evidences to improve the attitude of young students towards dental aesthetics.

Gingival esthetics and oral health-related quality of life in patients with cleft lip and palate

While the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is known to be reduced in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP), its inter-dependency with the soft tissue characteristics of the CLP area remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the soft tissue characteristics in the treated cleft area in order to investigate whether gingival esthetics correlate with OHRQoL. Thirty-six patients with unilateral or bilateral CLP (46 cleft areas) were investigated after secondary/tertiary alveolar bone grafting and orthodontic/prosthetic implant treatment using an adapted score to rate gingival esthetics (clinical esthetic score, CES). The patient’s OHRQoL was determined using the German short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-G14). The results showed a significantly better rating in patients with their own teeth in situ (12.05±1.10) than in patients with implants (6.95±4.78) or prosthetics (4.00±3.58). The best OHRQoL values were achieved by patients with their own teeth integrated into the cleft area (1.32±2.31), followed by patients with implants (2.33±2.33) and prosthetics (3.75±5.87). A significant (P=0.017) correlation was found between OHIP-G14 and CES scores, suggesting an increased OHRQoL in cases with higher oral esthetics in the cleft area. The therapeutic strategy contributes to both gingival esthetics and OHRQoL. The patient’s subjective perception of OHRQoL can be attributed to objective gingival esthetic ratings.

Setswana Roots en Route in Keorapetse Kgositsile’s Poetry

In Keorapetse Kgositsile’s work we can see an example of Setswana roots and oral traditions remaining alive and being reinvigorated, providing a resource that is then carried across the Atlantic and renewed in translation. This paper centralizes Setswana language in his work, and demonstrates how its presence recalibrates identity as an ongoing production of collective memory, entangled in his ongoing becoming in the black diaspora. His work interweaves the oral and literary traditions of black South Africa and black America, revealing a dynamic and complex relationship between the two geographical sites. This paper maps the genealogies of Setswana influence in his work and shows how the cultural practices, literary and oral traditions, and vernaculars and aesthetics of that language provide a resource for Kgositsile’s work published in the United States of America. His relationship with Setswana language and literature, as well as other Southern African oratory practices, complicates and enriches scholarship on Africa’s relationship with its diaspora. His poetry shows how African oral traditions and indigenous literary forms become productive, generative and transformative in his work published in black diasporic print cultures and periodicals. This paper proposes and employs a model that tracks how those indigenous oral and written forms mutate in his work.

An in vitro study to compare glazed and polished surfaces of feldspathic porcelain and comparing three different polishing systems

Aim and Objectives: Effective finishing and polishing of dental restorations provides for oral health, function and aesthetics. There are studies which state that porcelain should be glazed after chairside adjustments, whereas, some studies advocate that polishing is equivalent or better than glazing. The main objective of this study was to compare glazing and polishing, and also, to compare three different polishing systems available in the Indian market, namely SHOFU, DFS and DIATECH. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty six specimens of porcelain discs were prepared and divided into 3 groups with subsequent subgroups. Quantitative analysis was done using a profilometer to determine the roughness quotient (Ra value) and qualitative analysis was done using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Result: It was found out that glazing produces smoother surfaces as compared to polishing. Among the three different polishing systems used, SHOFU was found to produce the most smooth surfaces. Conclusion: The polished surface provided by the polishing kits was not comparable to the smoothness of the glazed surface and cannot substitute for glazing.

Influence of quality of life, self-perception, and self-esteem on orthodontic treatment need.

In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship between normative and perceived orthodontic treatment need associated with quality of life, self-esteem, and self-perception. The sample included 248 schoolchildren aged 12years. The normative aspect of orthodontic treatment was assessed by the Dental Health Component and the Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. The subjects were further evaluated for their oral health-related quality of life, self-esteem, and self-perception of oral esthetics. The Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need was considered as the response variable, and generalized linear models estimated by the GENMOD procedure (release 9.3, 2010; SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Model 1 was estimated with only the intercept, providing the basis for evaluating the reduction in variance in the other models studied; then the variables were tested sequentially, considering P≤0.05 as the criterion for remaining in the model. In the model, self-perception and self-esteem were statistically significant in relation to the perceived need for treatment. The normative need was significantly associated with the outcome variable and was not influenced by independent variables. The normative need for orthodontics treatment was not overestimated by the perceived need, and the perceived need was not influenced by sex and the impact on quality of life.

Oral Aesthetics and the Power of Symbols in the Plays of Derek Walcott and Bate Besong

Although song and dance are independent art, they are being employed adequately in today’s theatrical production as dramatic elements. This paper examines the relevance of songs as an aspect of oral aesthetics in the plays of Derek Walcott and Bate Besong. It also argues that like any other aspect of drama, Walcott and Besong succeeded in using songs and dances to play the triple roles of informing, educating and entertaining. Furthermore, this paper stresses the importance of symbolism in revealing the playwrights aesthetic ideologies. The playwright’s attribute symbolic meaning or significance to setting, characters, objects, events, actions and relationships with the principal intention of commenting on the deteriorating nature of their various postcolonial societies. Framed on the basis of the New Historicist assumption that, every text of literature reflects both within and without itself. The analyses in this paper, reveal that, in their attempts to conceive an independent national cultural identity, the playwrights use songs and symbolic vocabularies that are recognisably indigenous or at least different from European representations, but yet intelligible within a global grammar of post-war politics. The various songs and symbols that permeate the works under study, play multiple roles and carry various meanings if read within the context of the postcolonial societies they all set out to represent. The playwrights succeeded in crystallising songs and symbols into veritable instruments of conscientisation and revolution.

English

Oral literature is a vital tool that is sometimes deployed by African writers for criticizing the social and political situations in their countries with the aim of challenging and proffering solutions to unpleasant and oppressive practices by its leaders. Femi Osofisan&rsquo;s Many Colours Make the Thunder-King exemplifies this situation. It is observed that oral literature is not usually considered as a possible means of solving the social and economic challenges encountered in African countries. This study examines Nigeria&rsquo;s situation by focusing on the identifiable traditional aesthetics deployed in Many Colours Make the Thunder-King as a means of satirizing Nigerian leaders and also for possible re-construction of their characters towards enhancement of a better society. It is imperative for Nigerian leaders to learn and apply other strategies that would be useful in eradicating the hydra-headed challenges confronting the nation. This paper considers the application of oral literature, a possible means of solving the social-political and economic problems ravaging the country. The research methodology used for this study is qualitative. A sociological approach is adapted to evaluate the African oral aesthetics deployed in the literary text. This study concludes and recommends that Nigerian leaders should go back to their traditional roots to seek the basis for economic, political and social innovation and progress if they are to succeed in developing the country. Key words: African oral literature, challenges, possible means, relevance, satire, socio-political.

Speaking with Earth and Sky: Oral Storytelling in the cinema of Craig and Damon Foster

The focus of this article is the documentaries of the Foster Brothers and in particular their bold experimentation with form. A brief historical overview of developments in South African documentary filmmaking from the late 1970s till the 21st century contextualises some of the important thematic concerns in the work of Craig and Damon Foster, namely marginal characters, the forced removal of people from their land, as well as the destruction of indigenous cultures. The directors are among very few South African film-makers, who use the African tradition of oral storytelling in their documentaries. In many ways the documentaries combine the social concerns of the progressive political documentaries of the 1980s with the oral aesthetics of film cultures elsewhere on this continent.

Responsiveness of the Prosthetic Esthetic Scale.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the responsiveness of the Prosthetic Esthetic Index (PEI) in a population who received prosthetic replacements. Fifty-seven patients who received prosthetic replacement of at least one tooth by means of fixed or removable prosthesis were professionally esthetically evaluated using the PEI and the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) before and after treatment. The participants further evaluated their oral esthetics using the Oral Health Impact Profile Aesthetic (OHIP-Aes) and Orofacial Esthetic Index (OES). Responsiveness was determined by calculating effect size (ES) and standardized response mean (SRM) of the change in PEI score, testing the change in PEI score in different subgroups, and correlating the change in PEI score with the change in OHIP-Aes and OES scores. The change in PEI score was compared to the change in DAI score. The ES and SRM were large for the change in PEI score. Patients having anterior teeth replaced had a larger improvement in PEI score compared to participants not having anterior teeth replaced. The change in PEI score was moderately but significantly correlated to the change in OHIP-Aes and OES scores. The PEI was more consistent in responsiveness than the DAI. The PEI shows sufficient responsiveness for use in longitudinal studies and for use as a follow-up measure in clinical practice. The PEI can in a standardized manner monitor and document esthetic improvements and problems as seen by the dentist in clinical practice.

Esthetic and Functional Rehabilitation of Amelogenesis Imperfecta: Report of Four Cases with a One-Year Follow-Up

In this report, we describe the performance of a conservative and minimally invasive dental approach in four patients exhibiting Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI), a structural anomaly of the enamel. In each patient, approximately 0.5 mm of the most external, porous, and colored enamel layer was removed, and the teeth were restored using two different nanocomposites. Posterior restorations were completed with the same approach. As a result, this contemporary restorative system is a conservative and successful treatment option to restore the loss of oral esthetics and function due to AI. Rehabilitation with direct resin restorations is not only an inexpensive treatment choice, but also a more conservative technique that reduces the amount of preparation required for teeth that are already compromised.

Importance of orthodontic movement in interdisciplinary treatment for restoring esthetics and functional occlusion

This article describes interdisciplinary treatment conducted in adult patients, 49-year-old, with periodontal problems, losses and dental inclination, occlusal trauma, localized bone loss, and necessity of rehabilitation with dental implants. Alignment and leveling of the teeth, the molars uprighting with cantilever, and space closure were performed the treatment was facilitated by periodic periodontal control. The resultant occlusion was stable throughout a 5-year retention period. In conclusion, interdisciplinary treatment combined with periodontics, orthodontics, implantodontist, and restorative dentistry was useful for improving the patient’s oral health, function, and esthetics.