Optional Components Research Articles

Modern Academic Discourse and the Typology of the Тext in Theory and Practice (a Comparative Study of the Abstract Genre)

This article discusses the abstract as a typological genre as well as the components that comprise its structure and content. Abstract writing as a discursive act is viewed from two angles: internationally and from within the isolation of national perspectives. Comparing the development of the genre within and beyond a single linguistic culture, the article describes the different approaches to the genre in Western and Russian research. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of such categories as textuality and “cultural markedness” and discusses the main characteristics of the genre in relation to the lingua franca. Through a close reading and comparative analysis of student abstracts, the article examines 1) mistakes occurring in these abstracts in order to make inferences about the typological features of the genre, and 2) specific structural and content components against the backdrop of the lingua franca in order to draw conclusions about the structure of the genre. This analysis reveals discrepancies between the structural components of the text and the transfer of the general meaning of the text as well as textual lacunae in the matrix of the genre of another linguistic culture. It subdivides the genre of specific types of texts according to their structure and content, and also identifies the precedent genre in Russian and English linguistic culture. Furthermore, it argues that an ethnomethodology should include information about the specificity of the genre within contemporary academic discourse. The article recommends further research in the following areas: divergences from norms within the genre; optional components in the typology of the text and national academic discourse; a three-tier model for analyzing the genre in the foreign-language classroom: the language being studied — the native language — the lingua franca.

HEDGING IN DEONTIC STATEMENTS (on the material of German and Russian languages)

Тhe article examines ways and means of reducing the categoricalness of the deontic statement. The analysis is carried out based on the corpora of national languages, Russian and German. The nuclear equivalent of a deontic utterance in German and Russian is a deontic construction consisting of the obligatory components such as a deontic marker/predicate; an infinitive of a semantic verb denoting an action aimed at changing the situation; the deontic subject, or potential performer, of a required action as well as various optional components. The study focuses on figuring out the components of the deontic construction involved in reducing the categoricalness of the deontic utterance. The study shows that the interconnection of deontics and epistemics in the deep structure allows explicating the putative mode of deontic utterances for speaker’s pragmatic tasks. Based on the corpus data, it systematizes the means of marking the epistemic modus of a deontic statement. It reveals optional components marking fuzziness and indicating the uncertainty of necessity, which include temporal markers and quantifiers as well as various evaluative indicators contributing to communicative cooperation and creating a positive image of the speaker. It describes the semantic types of the deontic subject involved in the creation of the indefiniteness of the statement. The study addresses the role of the deontic source explication in reducing categoricalness. It reveals the role of the deontic performative in hedging the introductory message, which due to the performative formula is marked as informationally significant.

THE DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF TRANSLATION COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT IN PRE-SERVICE TRAINING OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE TEACHERS

The article highlights some aspects revealing the development of translation competence of prospective foreign language and literature teachers. Attention is focused on internal and external factors necessitating the development of translation competence of pre-service foreign language and literature teachers. The study identifies the needs of the specialized school and the requirements for translation teaching courses in senior classrooms of specialized schools. The author analyzes scholarly perspectives on the concepts of ‘translation’ and ‘translation competence’. On this basis, the essential characteristics of translation competence in pre-service training of foreign language and literature teachers are substantiated. Translation competence has been found to be an integrated characteristic that involves the ability to translate authentic texts at the appropriate level and understand their content, as well as to implement the information received in accordance with the target audience and further use in foreign language education and intercultural communication. It has been proved that developing the translation competence of prospective foreign language and literature teachers requires the introduction of innovative approaches to structuring the professional training content and the implementation of innovative forms and methods of translation teaching. The study outlines controversial issues and problems in undergraduate training of foreign language and literature teachers in terms of the learning outcomes reached as a result of interpretation and translation courses. Ways to improve the content of professional training based on the development and thematic updating for the content of mandatory and optional educational components are proposed. The research provides the analysis of the ways in which unassisted translation work with foreign language texts and native speakers should be organized. Particular attention is paid to the use of innovative methods and technologies of translation training provided to prospective foreign language and literature teachers.

Історична пам’ять як складова змісту вищої історичної освіти

Authors analyze the principles of the formation of content of historical education for the specialty 032 History and Archeology students at the bachelor’s and master’s degrees. The deployment of invasion in Ukraine became a reason for the aggravation of the problem of protecting one’s own historical and cultural heritage, national culture and historical memory. It was determined that competency-based approach to modern higher education involves the preparation of students for independent professional activity, including independent scientific and research studies. One of the aspects of the professional competence of a historian is the preservation of the historical memory of the Ukrainian people, which performs a number of functions: information, identification, value orientation, world outlook. The formation of students’ historical memory occurs during the study of a number of mandatory and optional educational components by including significant topics in the thematic plan, which may have signs of the so-called „hidden curriculum”. The authors emphasize the study of the fate and activities of outstanding personalities, in particular, the pedagogical system of the Kharkiv region in the first half of the 20-th century, ethnographic and local history material, historical narratives, meanings and symbols.

Experimental investigation of Green Concrete

Currently, construction costs and sand shortages are increasing day by day. To combat this problem, sand in plastic form is partially replaced by other materials. Plastic waste is recycled in the form of new production materials that can be used as optional components of concrete, making it one of the best ways to deal with plastic waste. These techniques have also proven to be much more cost-effective than traditional methods. This paper proposes using plastic waste as random substitutes (10%, 20%, 30%) for natural river sand and testing for compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and sustainability. purpose. With the amount of plastic used increasing day by day, the disposal of used plastic is a big problem. It was therefore concluded that sand must be replaced by plastic within 20 years so that the shortage of natural aggregates can be effectively dealt with and the used plastic are disposed effectively.

The origin of LYONs: A case study in financial innovation

The origin of LYONs: A case study in financial innovation

Professional and Communicative Competence of Physical Education Instructors in Postmodern Education

Communication occupies a key place in the professional activities of physical education instructors, who involve students in physical culture and health activities, create conditions for them to master the experience of such activities through the implementation of health-preserving technologies in the process of student-centered education. The aim of the research is to investigate the psychological and pedagogical peculiarities of professional and communicative competence formation in future physical education instructors in postmodern education. The research involved 32 students; it was conducted in 2019-2021. Questionnaire survey of students was carried out according to the authors’ fact-finding questionnaire, aimed at studying the state of professional and communicative competences formedness in conformity with motivational, cognitive, behavioural, value-based, emotional-volitional criteria. The ascertaining stage of the experiment revealed insufficient level of professional and communicative competences formedness in the students according to the specified criteria. The formative stage of the experiment, which provided the creation of a communication-oriented educational environment for students, revealed an increase in the number of students with high and sufficient levels of professional and communicative competences formedness. An increase in the level of students’ mastering of theoretical knowledge in the field of physical education and sports to form professional and communicative competences during their study of mandatory and optional components of the educational program was also established. A high level of professional and communicative competences and theoretical knowledge of future physical education instructors, formed during their studies at a higher educational institution, will contribute to improving the efficiency of their future professional activities.

Assortment planning and pricing for configurable product under sequential choice process

The current paper considers a retailer selling a vertically differentiated configurable product (e.g., a mobile phone), which is a combination of a required component (e.g., CPU) and an optional component (e.g., headphone). Each component consists of several quality-differentiated variants from which customers can choose. Customers differ in their valuation for quality, and each customer independently chooses the variant that maximizes his utility. First, the scenario where a customer’s purchase decision depends on the prices and assortments of both the required and optional components is examined. The results indicate that the assortment and price optimization problem for configurable products can be separated into each component category’s assortment and price decisions. Furthermore, the optimal assortment of each component category does not depend on the distribution of customer valuations. It is comprised of the variants that are on the lowest convex envelope curve of the quality-cost graph of that category. An efficient algorithm is proposed to identify the retailer’s optimal decisions. Then, we examine the case where a customer evaluates an optional variant only if he decides to purchase a required variant. The results suggest that: (i) there exist some relationships between the optimal decisions in the base choice model and that in the sequential choice model; (ii) overlooking the sequential choice behavior may result in broader assortment, suboptimal prices, and profit loss.

Toxicity Outcomes at 18 Months for Cs-131 Low-Dose-Rate Prostate Brachytherapy Compared to I-125 and Pd-103

<h3>Purpose/Objective(s)</h3> Low dose rate prostate brachytherapy is an established component of definitive radiotherapy options for localized prostate cancer. As the utility of LDR brachytherapy (LDRB) has evolved, the focus has shifted to improving the side effect profile while maintaining oncologic outcomes. Most prior efficacy and toxicity data were gathered using I-125 and Pd-103, but due to the shorter half-life and slightly higher average energy of Cs-131, several institutions have adopted its use in an attempt to improve outcomes and decrease toxicity. To report the toxicity outcomes up to 18 months after Cs-131 LDR brachytherapy at our institution, compared to our experience with I-125 and Pd-103. <h3>Materials/Methods</h3> A retrospective review was performed on the first 50 patients treated with Cs-131 LDRB for localized prostate cancer at our institution. Patients receiving either a full or partial implant were included. Prescription doses of 100Gy and 80Gy were utilized, respectively. Patients receiving partial implants generally received 45Gy external beam radiotherapy starting 6-8 weeks after implant. Data regarding AUA prostate symptom score, sexual health inventory for men (SHIM) score, and RTOG GI toxicity score were assessed pretreatment, at 1 month, and at each subsequent follow up. Demographic and clinical data were also collected. The data was compared to cohorts of the last 50 patients treated I-125 and the last 50 patients treated with Pd-103, to standard doses. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize variables. A linear mixed model was used to compare means and to identify variables as prognostic for toxicity (p≤0.05). <h3>Results</h3> The mean AUA scores prior to brachytherapy were similar for patients in all groups (p=1.00), while at 1-month post-treatment, mean AUA score was significantly higher for patients treated with Cs-131 and Pd-103 compared to I-125 (p<0.001). Mean AUA scores were not significantly different at longer follow-up (p>0.50). The need for a catheter post-brachytherapy occurred in 8% of patients and was not associated with type of isotope on multivariate analysis (MVA). Prostate volume, numbers of seeds, and prostate D90% were significant predictors for the need for a catheter on MVA. The use of ADT and the total activity were significant predictors on MVA for a decrease in SHIM score over time. The type of isotope used did not predict for erectile dysfunction (ED) as measured by SHIM score on MVA. Overall rates of GI toxicity were low with only 3 patients developing RTOG grade 2 toxicity or greater without any obvious difference between isotopes. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In patients treated with Cs-131 or Pd-103 LDRB, acute GU side effects peaked higher at 1 month than with I-125, but rapidly decreased to similar levels with longer follow-up. The type of source used did not predict for need for catheterization, ED, or GI toxicity at any time point.

Targeting the DNA Damage Response and DNA Repair Pathways to Enhance Radiosensitivity in Colorectal Cancer.

Simple SummaryThe DNA damage response pathway plays a critical role in maintaining genomic integrity. Therefore, inhibition of activation of cell-cycle checkpoints involved in this pathway may increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation. In this review, we provide an overview of mechanisms, preclinical studies and advances in clinical trials of DNA-PKcs, ATM/ATR, CHK1/CHK2, WEE1 and PARP1 kinase inhibitors combined with radiotherapy for colorectal cancer treatment. We evaluate the potential of developing high-efficiency and low-toxicity radiosensitizers targeting the DNA damage response and DNA repair pathways to enhance the response to radiotherapy in colorectal cancer.Radiotherapy is an important component of current treatment options for colorectal cancer (CRC). It is either applied as neoadjuvant radiotherapy to improve local disease control in rectal cancers or for the treatment of localized metastatic lesions of CRC. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the major critical lesions contributing to ionizing radiation (IR)-induced cell death. However, CRC stem cells promote radioresistance and tumor cell survival through activating cell-cycle checkpoints to trigger the DNA damage response (DDR) and DNA repair after exposure to IR. A promising strategy to overcome radioresistance is to target the DDR and DNA repair pathways with drugs that inhibit activated cell-cycle checkpoint proteins, thereby improving the sensitivity of CRC cells to radiotherapy. In this review, we focus on the preclinical studies and advances in clinical trials of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase (ATR), checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2), WEE1 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) kinase inhibitors in CRC. Importantly, we also discuss the selective radiosensitization of CRC cells provided by synthetic lethality of these inhibitors and the potential for widening the therapeutic window by targeting the DDR and DNA repair pathways in combination with radiotherapy and immunotherapy.

The 2018 World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) score and diabetes risk in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS)

BackgroundThe 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) 3rd expert report highlights up-to-date Cancer Prevention Recommendations that may reduce burdens of many chronic diseases, including diabetes. This study examined if following a lifestyle that aligns with the recommendations – assessed via the 2018 WCRF/AICR Score – was associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes in high-risk adults participating in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS).MethodsThe Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) randomized adults at high risk for diabetes to receive a lifestyle intervention (ILS), metformin (MET) or a placebo (PLB) (mean: 3.2 years), with additional follow-up in DPPOS for 11 years (mean: 15 years total). 2018 WCRF/AICR Scores included seven components: body weight, physical activity, plant-based foods, fast foods, red and processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverages, and alcohol; the optional breastfeeding component was excluded. Scores ranged 0-7 points (with greater scores indicating greater alignment with the recommendations) and were estimated at years 0, 1, 5, 6, 9, and 15 (N=3,147). Fasting glucose and HbA1c were measured every six months and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed annually. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to examine the association of both Score changes from years 0-1 and time-dependent Score changes on diabetes risk through DPP and year 15.ResultsScores improved within all groups over 15 years (p<0.001); ILS Scores improved more than MET or PLB Scores after 1 year (p<0.001). For every 1-unit improvement from years 0-1, there was a 31% and 15% lower diabetes risk in ILS (95% CI: 0.56-0.84) and PLB (95% CI: 0.72-0.97) through DPP, and no significant association in MET. Associations were greatest among American Indian participants, followed by non-Hispanic White and Hispanic participants. Score changes from years 0-1 and time-dependent Score changes in ILS and PLB remained associated with lower risk through year 15.ConclusionsScore improvements were associated with long-term, lower diabetes risk among high-risk adults randomized to ILS and PLB, but not MET. Future research should explore impact of the Score on cancer risk.Trial registrationDiabetes Prevention Program: NCT00004992; Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study: NCT00038727

LAZAR BARANOVYCH’S EPISTOLARY AS A SOURCE FOR STUDYING THE DYNAMICS OF THE PHRASEOLOGICAL COMPOSITION IN UKRAINIAN OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 17TH CENTURY

Lazar Baranovych’s epistolary heritage in Ukrainian studies has not found proper elaboration, though upon the presentation of a fragment of the Archbishop of Chernihiv’s work, it was and still remains the source of the study of the linguistic situation in the second half of the 17th century. The intermediate status of the genre of correspondence allowed L. Baranovych to go beyond the traditional church-formal style. Recorded phraseological units, which are different in origin, demonstrate the ability of the cleric to choose not only the language of correspondence depending on the final destination, but also set expressions that add emphasis and individuality to letters. Most often we find phraseological units in religious, domestic and professional spheres. They testify to both lexical and morphological variability, but we do observe cases of semantic transformation, when phraseological unit, known at the time in Ukrainian literary language, acquires a new meaning due to the contextual environment. L. Baranovych resorts to the contamination of phraseological units: this phrase-making is carried out by the Archbishop of Chernihiv mainly with set expressions with the Holy Scripture as their source.&#x0D; The analyzed letters testify that most of the recorded phraseological units have a negative connotation as a result, on the one hand, of mental critical attitude of Ukrainians to their actions, doings, character traits, on the other – the situation in Ukrainian society of the Ruins era, which significantly affected the church.&#x0D; Most recorded phraseological units are verb-preposition-noun or verb-noun constructions. Some of them are characterized by the presence of optional components, which can be adjectives, pronouns, verbs and which, while extending the set structure, specify semantics of the phraseological unit. Word order in phraseological units does not yet have a clear consolidation, which allows to distinguish the so-called inversion variants.&#x0D; Epistolary of Lazar Baranovych testifies to the formation of systemic relations in phraseological composition of the Ukrainian language in the second half of the 17th century. Borrowed or calqued phraseological units engage in synonymous and antonymic relationships with each other or with Church Slavonic or Ukrainian, creating a linguistic competition between the Church’s written tradition and the element of life.&#x0D; Historical development of phraseological system of L. Baranovych’s letters has shown that the analyzed set expressions with corresponding lexical and grammatical transformations were inherited by the new Ukrainian language, which proves the continuity of the development not only of phrasicon, but of the Ukrainian language as a whole.

Understanding eating behaviours, mental health and weight change in young adults: protocol paper for an international longitudinal study.

IntroductionUnderstanding the complexities of change in eating behaviours, mental health, well-being and weight is crucial to inform healthcare and service provision, particularly in light of the exacerbating effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to address the need for more comprehensive cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence, by tracking eating behaviours, mental health, health related behaviours and weight over a 12-month period, in a sample of young adults (18–35 years) in the UK and Australia.Methods and analysisOnline surveys administered via the Prolific online research platform will be used for data collection at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. The survey (approximately 45 min) measures demographics, the impact of COVID-19, body mass index (BMI), weight management and health service usage, eating behaviours, personality, mental health, and health-related behaviours. An optional substudy component at each time point aims to validate self-reported weight in the main survey through images. Study inclusion criteria are; aged 18–34 years at baseline, BMI ≥20 kg/m2, and residing in the UK or Australia. A target of 500 participants at baseline was set, recruited through Prolific, and with recruitment stratified by BMI, sex and country. The proposed analyses include creating static predictive models using baseline data (eg, using latent class analysis, factor analysis or similar), and mapping changes longitudinally (eg, using multivariate regressions). These analyses will enable changes in the study measures to be identified, as well as predictors and outcomes of change.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was granted by Leeds Beckett University, UK (reference number 86004) and the University of Newcastle, Australia (reference number H-2022–0110). Study findings will be disseminated through scientific journals, conferences, institute websites and social media, and briefings tailored to policy, practice and the public, with the intention to help inform the future development of health and well-being care and support for young adults across Australia and the UK.

Persistence, prevalence, and polymorphism of sequelae after COVID-19 in unvaccinated, young adults of the Swiss Armed Forces: a longitudinal, cohort study (LoCoMo)

BackgroundPersistent COVID-19 sequelae could have global, public health ramifications. We therefore aimed to describe sequelae presenting more than 180 days after COVID-19—focussing on several organ systems, general health, and laboratory parameters—in non-hospitalised, unvaccinated, young adults.MethodsWe did a longitudinal cohort study of all army bases in Switzerland. Eligible participants were personnel of the Swiss Armed Forces (SAF) who were aged 18–30 years with a positive or negative RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 during their service between March 1, 2020, and Dec 31, 2020. Exclusion criteria were unwillingness to participate in testing. Females or men with a known reproductive anomaly were excluded from the optional component of male fertility testing. COVID-19 was defined as a positive diagnostic RT-PCR test result for SARS-CoV-2 with concurrent symptoms compatible with COVID-19. Participants were subdivided into four groups: control group (ie, serologically negative), asymptomatic infection group (ie, serologically positive but with no symptoms), non-recent COVID-19 group (>180 days since positive PCR test), and recent COVID-19 group (≤180 days since positive PCR test). Outcomes of interest were part of a comprehensive, intensive test battery that was administered during a single day. The test battery quantified the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, renal, ophthalmological, male reproductive, psychological, general health, and laboratory parameters. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04942249.FindingsBetween May 20, 2021, and Nov 26, 2021, we enrolled 501 participants. 29 (6%) of 501 were female and 464 (93%) were male, and the median age was 21 years (IQR 21–23). Eight (2%) of 501 had incomplete data and were not included into the study groups. 177 participants had previous COVID-19 that was more than 180 days (mean 340 days) since diagnosis (ie, the non-recent COVID-19 group) compared with 251 serologically negative individuals (ie, the control group). We included 19 participants in the recent COVID-19 group and 46 in the asymptomatic infection group. We found a significant trend towards metabolic disorders in participants of the non-recent COVID-19 group compared with those in the control group: higher BMI (median 24·0 kg/m2 [IQR 22·0–25·8] vs 23·2 kg/m2 [27·1–25·0]; p=0·035), lower aerobic threshold (39% [36–43] vs 41% [37–46]; p=0·012), and higher blood cholesterol (4·2 μM [3·7–4·7] vs 3·9 μM [3·5–4·5]; p<0·0001) and LDL concentrations (2·4 μM [1·9–2·9] vs 2·2 μM [1·7–2·7]; p=0·001). The only significant psychosocial difference was found in the results of the Chalder Fatigue scale with the non-recent COVID-19 group reporting higher fatigue scores than the control group (median 12 points [IQR 11–15] vs 11 [9–14]; p=0·027). No significant differences in other psychosocial questionnaire scores, ophthalmological outcomes, and sperm quality or motility were reported between the control group and non-recent COVID-19 group.InterpretationYoung, previously healthy, individuals largely recover from SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the constellation of higher BMI, dyslipidaemia, and lower physical endurance 180 days after COVID-19 is suggestive of a higher risk of developing metabolic disorders and possible cardiovascular complications. These findings will guide future investigations and follow-up management.FundingSwiss Armed Forces.

226. Surgical treatment of refractory low back pain using implanted BurstDR spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in a cohort of patients without options for corrective surgery: findings and results from the DISTINCT study, a prospective randomized multi-center controlled trial

226. Surgical treatment of refractory low back pain using implanted BurstDR spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in a cohort of patients without options for corrective surgery: findings and results from the DISTINCT study, a prospective randomized multi-center controlled trial

Utilizing Technology for Diet and Exercise Change in Complex Chronic Conditions Across Diverse Environments (U-DECIDE): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BackgroundThe metabolic syndrome is common across many complex chronic disease groups. Advances in health technology have provided opportunities to support lifestyle interventions.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to test the feasibility of a health technology-assisted lifestyle intervention in a patient-led model of care.MethodsThe study is a single-center, 26-week, randomized controlled trial. The setting is specialist kidney and liver disease clinics at a large Australian tertiary hospital. The participants will be adults with a complex chronic condition who are referred for dietetic assessment and display at least one feature of the metabolic syndrome. All participants will receive an individualized assessment and advice on diet quality from a dietitian, a wearable activity monitor, and standard care. Participants randomized to the intervention group will receive access to a suite of health technologies from which to choose, including common base components (text messages) and optional components (online and mobile app–based nutrition information, an online home exercise program, and group-based videoconferencing). Exposure to the optional aspects of the intervention will be patient-led, with participants choosing their preferred level of engagement. The primary outcome will be the feasibility of delivering the program, determined by safety, recruitment rate, retention, exposure uptake, and telehealth adherence. Secondary outcomes will be clinical effectiveness, patient-led goal attainment, treatment fidelity, exposure demand, and participant perceptions. Primary outcome data will be assessed descriptively and secondary outcomes will be assessed using an analysis of covariance. This study will provide evidence on the feasibility of the intervention in a tertiary setting for patients with complex chronic disease exhibiting features of the metabolic syndrome.ResultsThe study was funded in 2019. Enrollment has commenced and is expected to be completed by June 2022. Data collection and follow up are expected to be completed by December 2022. Results from the analyses based on primary outcomes are expected to be submitted for publication by June 2023.ConclusionsThe study will test the implementation of a health technology–assisted lifestyle intervention in a tertiary outpatient setting for a diverse group of patients with complex chronic conditions. It is novel in that it embeds patient choice into intervention exposure and will inform health service decision-makers in regards to the feasibility of scale and spread of technology-assisted access to care for a broader reach of specialist services.Trial RegistrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12620001282976; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=378337International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/37556

Feasibility study of measuring instantaneous angular speed of helical gears with magnetoresistive sensors

The digitalization of industrial processes with e.g. the goal to increase the availability of production processes in general and to support the individualization of many products in particular leads to an increasing demand in sensor data. The state of the art for condition monitoring of involute gear trains is the measurement of structure-borne vibration with acceleration sensors. New approaches, such as measuring the instantaneous angular speed (IAS), are gaining in popularity. Machine manufacturers usually wish to use existing sensors or measurement points, where little or no effort is needed to implement the sensor concept. Magnetoresistive (MR) sensors fulfil this complex set of requirements to a high degree: They are comparatively easy to integrate, can be added as an optional component and provide sufficient accuracy.The authors have developed different sensor concepts using MR sensors for measuring IAS in a 1-stage helical gear box. Multiple tests with artificial tooth flank damages have been carried out to evaluate the damage detection potential of the sensor concepts. Finally, a spectrum analysis of the first gear mesh frequency and surrounding sidebands demonstrates the capability for detecting tooth flank damage with different MR sensor concepts.

Digital Storytelling Practices for Specialists in Information Affairs

One of the directions of the Strategy for the development of librarianship until 2025 is the development of effective communications, which requires the use of modern methods of communication. Storytelling as one of the methods of presenting information has been used for more than a decade in marketing, advertising, copywriting, pedagogy, and journalism. The purpose of the study is to outline the use of digital storytelling as a new form of communication with users and analysis of the implementation of the optional component “Digital storytelling” in the training program for information professionals. Realization of the purpose provides performance of such tasks: the analysis of scientific publications on a research theme; acquaintance with the experience of using digital storytelling in the information specialists’ activities, presentation of implementing a selective educational component in the educational process and the formation of competencies corresponding to the professional activities of information specialists. The research methodology of the study is based on general scientific and special methods. In particular, general scientific principles of systematic and comprehensive cognition and the unity of theory and practice are used. Methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization, content analysis, observation and forecasting are used. The scientific novelty of the study is to substantiate the feasibility of using digital storytelling methods in libraries, which became the basis for the introduction of the discipline “Digital storytelling” for students majoring in “Information, Archival and Library Affairs” at the Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts. Conclusions. The importance of libraries’ effective communication and the use of innovative methods of working with users has been emphasized, in particular, the use of storytelling has been suggested. The application of digital storytelling for the realization of the communication function of libraries in the conditions of virtualization of library space has been investigated. The experience of introduction of the discipline “Digital storytelling” in the educational process is presented, the competencies formed by the discipline are outlined, and their correspondence to the professional activity of information specialists is analyzed.

Incorporating fishers’ evaluation of adaptive capacity in policy making in Thailand

Small-scale fishers around the world are facing many challenges in sustaining viable livelihoods due to diverse factors such as declining fisheries resources, degradation of coastal habitats, and climate change impact, among others. How fishers respond to change depends in part on their evaluations of adaptive capacity, and an understanding of factors underlying their evaluations can be helpful in guiding policies and programs to reduce vulnerability and build resilience. The paper presents a study of twelve small-scale fishing communities in eastern Thailand, which illustrates the multiplicity of factors influencing attitudes, beliefs, values and cognitive biases (ABVCs) concerning adaptive capacity. First, the ABVCs of small-scale fishers toward adaptation to changes and the reduction of fishery resources were elicited using a structured survey. Next, principle component analysis was performed on the survey results of 266 respondents, which revealed that the ABVCs concerning adaptive capacity are related to three main components: ability to change occupation (Options component), ability to compete (Ability component), and ability to plan for changes (Plan component). The final step identified factors influencing the adaptive capacity components with the use of regression analysis. Specifically, the ability to change work is positively related to level of education, and negatively associated with age and high dependency on fishing income. Satisfaction with income and with individual well-being determine the ability to compete. The ability to plan for changes, on the other hand, is influenced by evaluated level of closeness to nature, the factor that is expected to be associated with conservation behavior. The findings can aid in designing policies and interventions that align with the adaptive capacity of fishers; hence, enhancing viability and contributing to increasing resilience of small-scale fishing communities.

Evidence-based service delivery interventions for testing, linking, treating, and retaining children and adolescents living with HIV in primary health care settings: Protocol for a systematic review.

BackgroundAt the end of 2019, there were about 2.8 million children and adolescents aged 0–19 living with HIV. In contrast to pregnant women and adults, service delivery for children and adolescents living with HIV continues to lag behind with regard to access to care, components of care delivery, treatment options, and clinical and immunologic outcomes.AimThe aim of this systematic review is to synthesize the evidence on the most effective interventions, models, programs, and strategies to optimize the delivery of services for the testing, linkage, treatment and retention of children and adolescents living with HIV globally.MethodsThis review protocol is registered at PROSPERO with Registration number: CRD42020209553. The systematic review will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). We will use a comprehensive search strategy to search several bibliographic databases including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Global Health, and Psycinfo to identify relevant studies published in the last ten years (2010 to 2020). In addition, we will review cited and citing references of included studies. A pair of reviewers will independently screen titles, abstracts and full texts of articles, extract data from articles meeting inclusion criteria and perform quality assessments of the evidence collected. We will conduct a narrative synthesis of our findings, and if there are sufficient clinically similar studies available, we will conduct meta-analysis using a random-effects model.DiscussionThis review will provide evidence on service delivery models that have been evaluated in a range of settings to efficiently and effectively locate, link, treat and retain in care, children and adolescents living with HIV. The synthesized evidence will help guide national governments and health care providers in prioritizing and adopting evidence-based service delivery approaches for children and adolescents living with HIV.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42020209553.