Optimal Structure Research Articles

Numerical Investigation on Fracture Mechanism and Charge Structure Optimization of Water Decoupling Blasting

Numerical Investigation on Fracture Mechanism and Charge Structure Optimization of Water Decoupling Blasting

Underwater Object Detection Algorithm based on Lightweight Structure Optimization

Underwater Object Detection Algorithm based on Lightweight Structure Optimization

Design and simulation of an efficient gas-liquid separation device for component regulation of zeotropic mixtures

ABSTRACT Improving the overall energy efficiency of thermodynamic cycles relies heavily on the replacement of traditional pure fluids with zeotropic mixtures. The selection of the optimal components within the zeotropic mixture depends on the specific operating conditions of the thermodynamic cycle. Therefore, significant enhancements in performance can be achieved across varying operating conditions by effectively controlling the composition of zeotropic mixtures in the cycle. According to the gas-liquid equilibrium characteristics of the zeotropic mixtures, the adjustment of the medium components and the boundary conditions can be realized if the components can be adjusted through the gas-liquid separation. In this study, a novel device is proposed for automatically regulating the speed of gas-liquid separation in order to separate the components of the zeotropic mixtures. The CFD simulation was utilized to analyze the structural parameters and boundary conditions that impact the efficiency of gas-liquid separation. The results indicate that the adjustable mass flow range of the optimal structure is broadened by 5.5 times compared to conventional gas-liquid separation devices, ranging from 0 kg/s to 0.15 kg/s. Additionally, within this range, the gas-liquid separation efficiency exceeds 95%, representing a 10% improvement over traditional phase separators.

A novel approach for modelling and predicting the drying kinetics of couscous grains using artificial neural networks

This paper presents a new approach for modelling and predicting the evolution of moisture content (MC) in couscous grains during drying using artificial neural networks. Couscous grains with an initial moisture content of 42 ± 1% were dried in an oven using the gravimetric method. Experimental data on moisture content versus drying time were obtained for nine groups of measurements at relative humidities of 7, 32 and 75% at drying temperatures of 30, 40 and 50°C. Different parameters of the ANN model, such as three learning algorithms and four activation functions, as well as the number of neurons in the hidden layer, were tested and evaluated using the correlation coefficient (R2) and the mean squared error (MSE) to find the optimal structure without overfitting. The best performing ANN structure consisted of the log sigmoid function in the hidden layer, with 24 neurons and the linear function in the output layer, trained by the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation algorithm. A significant agreement of predictions with experimental data was observed, with an R2 value of 0.99999 and an MSE value of 8.2173 ×10−4.

A novel FFNN-AHO hybrid predictive model for enhancing the performance of jet-cooled PVT system

Photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) systems are common in the conversion of solar energy to electrical and thermal energy. The performance of such systems depends on the environmental conditions in which these systems are applied. This paper presents a parametric study of a jet-cooling PVT system with a staggered distribution of the jets. A feedforward neural network (FFNN) is proposed as a novel predictive model for analyzing the characteristics of the PVT system and its thermal and electrical performance. Moreover, a novel optimization algorithm called archerfish hunting optimizer (AHO) is applied to obtain the optimal structure and elements of the proposed FFNN. The PVT system variables considered as inputs to the FFNN-AHO model are flow rate, wind speed, solar irradiance, and ambient temperature. The average temperature of the PV reaches a maximum of 45.84 ºC, and the maximum temperature un-uniformity reaches to 3.59 ºC. The studied PVT system achieved maximum electrical, thermal, and overall efficiencies of 14.23%, 54.43%, and 68.1%, respectively. Moreover, the results demonstrate that the FFNN-AHO hybrid model provides highly accurate PVT system performance prediction. The correlation coefficient between the actual and predicted data is close to 1, indicating a strong correlation and confirming the reliability and effectiveness of the FFNN-AHO model.

Research on the Impact of Carbon Emission Trading Market on Regional Economic Development: A Case Study of East China

This article delves into the impact of carbon emission trading mechanism on regional economy, especially in East China, and focuses on analyzing how this mechanism promotes green transformation and high-quality development of the economy by influencing green technology innovation of enterprises. Research has found that carbon emission trading not only incentivizes companies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but also guides capital and technological innovation to flow towards low-carbon areas through market mechanisms, thereby promoting the optimization of industrial structure and sustainable economic development. This article also discusses the impact of different quota allocation methods on green innovation in enterprises, pointing out that the benchmark method can more effectively stimulate the innovation drive of enterprises compared to the historical method. Therefore, according to the research findings, it is necessary to improve the construction of carbon markets, scientifically formulate quota allocation systems, avoid negative impacts on early green innovation enterprises, and provide policy support to reduce innovation costs for enterprises.

Analysis of Cu-decorated Ti particles as a reinforcement for AZ91 alloys prepared using the powder metallurgy method

Magnesium (Mg) matrix composites (Mg-MMCs) with high strength and ductility properties are crucial for the development of lightweight automobiles. In this study, a novel method is proposed for fabricating Mg-MMCs by incorporating nanocopper (Cu) decorated titanium (Ti) particles (Cu@Ti) to reinforce AZ91 alloys. The in-situ generation of the AlCuMg phase at the interface between the Ti particles and the Mg matrix enhances interface integration and promotes the formation of massive twins. The 5.0 wt% Cu@Ti/AZ91 composite exhibits notable mechanical properties, with a yield strength of 238 MPa, ultimate tensile strength of 368 MPa, elongation of 12%, and modulus of elasticity of 46 GPa. These values represent increases of 8.9%, 5.3%, 50.0%, and 2.0%, respectively, compared to those of AZ91 alloys. The strengthening mechanism is mainly attributed to grain refinement strengthening, thermal expansion coefficient mismatch strengthening, Orowan strengthening, and load transfer strengthening. The plasticity improvement benefits from the optimization of the interface structure, grain refinement and twin formation.

Research on the mechanism of enhancing digital innovation capability of strategic emerging enterprises-taking Haining manufacturing enterprises as an example

In the context of the digital economy era, digital transformation has become a key driving force for the development of strategic emerging enterprises. The enhancement of digital innovation ability is especially important for strategic emerging industries, which can not only improve the market competitiveness of enterprises, but also promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. After investigation and analysis, strategic emerging industries face the challenges of imperfect management and organization system within enterprises, weak government support, and insufficient innovation atmosphere in the social environment on the road to digitalization, and the enhancement of their digital innovation capability often requires the synergy of internal enterprise mechanism and external support. To address the above issues, this study takes manufacturing enterprises in Haining City, Zhejiang Province, as the object of research, and investigates the mechanism of enhancing the digital innovation capability of strategic emerging enterprises from three levels: the enterprise level, the government level, and the social environment level. This study has important theoretical and practical significance for understanding how strategic emerging enterprises can enhance their competitiveness through digital means, and how governments can formulate effective policies to support enterprises' digital innovation.

A new density filter for pipes for fluid topology optimization

This study presents a new density filter for a pipe-shaped structure and its application to fluid topology optimization. A simple and straight pipe-shaped structure for fluid is preferred for many engineering purposes rather than the perplex manifold structure provided by the topology optimization method. To determine an optimal pipe structure for fluid, we develop a new density filter and apply it to fluid topology optimization. Hence, the original spatially varying design variables of the fluid topology optimization are modified based on the pipe density filter. Subsequently, the filter design variables, including a uniform pipe wall thickness and adjusted cross-section, are used for artificial pseudo-rigid bodies in fluid topology optimization. An additional constraint is imposed to maintain a nearly uniform pipe thickness. Several numerical examples are solved to demonstrate the validity of the present pipe density filter for fluid topology optimization problems minimizing the energy dissipation of the fluid and controlling the particles suspended in the fluid.

Structural Design of Pressurized Tube Based on the Discrete Element Method–Computational Fluid Dynamics Coupled Simulation

In order to elucidate the impact of pressurized tubes’ structures on the sowing performance of pneumatic seed delivery systems, the EDEM–CFD coupled simulation method was employed to analyze the influence of pressurized tube parameters, including length (L), corrugation depth (S), corrugation width (K), and the number of corrugations, on seed movement characteristics, distribution uniformity, and airflow patterns. Simulation-validated experiments were conducted to study the impact of the optimal pressurized tube structure on seeding performance. The results indicate that pressurized tubes significantly enhance the uniformity coefficient of seed distribution, reduce seed velocity, and decrease the coefficient of variation in distribution uniformity. When pressurized tube parameters, specifically length (L), corrugation depth (S), corrugation width (K), and the number of corrugations, are set at 800 mm, 8 mm, 50 mm, and 6, respectively, the uniformity coefficient of seed distribution exceeds 95%, and the coefficient of variation in seed discharge consistency for each row is less than 3.2%. Moreover, the seed velocity at the outlet of the pressurized tube, the relative velocity of two-phase flow, and pressure loss are all minimal, indicating superior seeding performance. This research provides valuable insights into the analysis of seed movement characteristics within pressurized tubes and the optimization of their structural parameters.

Examining the emission reduction effect of carbon emission trading and carbon tax synergism and their impact mechanisms to reduce the carbon emission of company: based on 247 listed companies of China

ABSTRACT Using the panel data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies spanning from 2007 to 2021, we explore the impact of the synergism of carbon emission trading policy and carbon tax policy on the carbon emission level of enterprises through the difference-in-difference model, intermediary effect model, regulatory effect model. The research results show that: (1) Carbon emission trading and carbon tax both promote enterprises’ carbon emission reduction. (2) There are three paths for carbon emission trading and carbon tax policies to encourage enterprises’ carbon emission reduction actions synergistically: improving enterprises’ green technology innovation level, optimising energy structure, and accelerating industrial structure optimisation. (3) Mediated regulatory effect results show that the greater the company’s government support and R&D investment, the greater the synergism between carbon trading and carbon tax policies to drive green technology innovation and the better the carbon emission reduction effect of the company. (4) The synergism between carbon trading and carbon tax policies positively fosters public ownership companies’ carbon emissions reductions and heavily polluted industry companies.

Investigating the Influence of Digital Economy Growth on Industrial Structural Optimization and Upgrading

With the rapid development of the social economy, science and technology continue to upgrade and optimize, ushering in the digital era, which provides technical support for industrial innovation and development across all sectors. At this stage, vigorously developing the digital economy has gradually become the only means to optimize and upgrade the industrial structure. Therefore, local leaders and relevant departments need to enhance the importance of constructing the digital economy, enabling the local industrial structure to be optimized and upgraded under the impetus of the digital economy, ultimately promoting overall economic high-quality development. To this end, this paper, combined with existing research results, first elaborates on the positive impact of the digital economy on the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure. It then analyzes the challenges hindering the process of industrial structure optimization and upgrading and proposes practical pathways to address them, benefiting relevant stakeholders.

Research Status of Deep-Sea Polymetallic Nodule Collection Technology

The bottom of the ocean is rich in mineral resources, and deep-sea mining has been a research hotspot in recent years. As a key part of deep-sea mining operation, polymetallic nodule collection technology has been researched in many countries around the world. The distribution of deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining areas and the characteristics of nodules are summarized, which provides a reference for the study of collection technology and the optimization of pick-up device structure. In order to further establish a deep-sea mining collection technology system, the current development status of polymetallic nodule mechanical, mechanical–hydraulic composite and hydraulic collection technologies are summarized, and the analysis shows that hydraulic collection technology has a more promising commercialization prospect. For the hydraulic collection technology, the research progress of suck-up-based collection technology, Coandă-effect-based collection technology, double-row hydraulic collection sluicing technology and other collection technologies are summarized from three aspects: collecting principle, device structure parameter optimization, and sea trial situation, and the key technical problems of hydraulic ore collection are put forward. Through the comparative analysis of the pick-up efficiency, energy consumption, environmental disturbance and other performances of different devices, it is found that the Coandă-effect-based hydraulic collection technology has better comprehensive performance. A structural design evaluation indicator for the collection head of hydraulic collection technology is proposed, and the prospect of further research on hydraulic collection technology is put forward.

The Effect of Green Infrastructure Investment, Capital Structure, and Operational Efficiency on Financial Performance of Companies in Central Java

This study investigates the influence of green infrastructure investment, capital structure, and operational efficiency on the financial performance of companies operating in Central Java. A quantitative research approach was employed, utilizing survey data collected from 173 companies across various industries. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), with hypothesis testing conducted to assess the significance of the relationships between the variables. The results indicate significant positive associations between green infrastructure investment, capital structure, operational efficiency, and financial performance. Specifically, companies that prioritize sustainability initiatives, maintain optimal capital structures, and enhance operational efficiency tend to achieve superior financial performance outcomes. These findings highlight the multidimensional nature of value creation within organizations and underscore the importance of integrating environmental and operational considerations into strategic decision-making processes. The implications of the study extend to policymakers, business leaders, and stakeholders seeking to enhance the financial sustainability and resilience of companies in Central Java.

Study of biopolymer encapsulated Eu doped Fe3O4 nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia application

An exciting prospect in the field of magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) has been the integration of noble rare earth elements (Eu) with biopolymers (chitosan/dextran) that have optimum structures to tune specific effects on magnetic nanoparticles (NPs). However, the heating efficiency of MNPs is primarily influenced by their magnetization, size distribution, magnetic anisotropy, dipolar interaction, amplitude, and frequency of the applied field, the MNPs with high heating efficiency are still challenging. In this study, a comprehensive experimental analysis has been conducted on single-domain magnetic nanoparticles (SDMNPs) for evaluating effective anisotropy, assessing the impact of particle-intrinsic factors and experimental conditions on self-heating efficiency in both noninteracting and interacting systems, with a particular focus on the dipolar interaction effect. The study successfully reconciles conflicting findings on the interaction effects in the agglomeration and less agglomerated arrangements for MFH applications. The results suggest that effective control of dipolar interactions can be achieved by encapsulating Chitosan/Dextran in the synthesized MNPs. The lower dipolar interactions successfully tune the self-heating efficiency and hold promise as potential candidates for MFH applications.

Research on the Data-Driven Differential Equation-Solving Algorithm Based on Artificial Intelligence

Data-driven DEs has gained popularity in the past few years. This work proposes the new framework, named Adam Gannet Optimization Algorithm (AdamGOA), that combines Adam Optimization and Gannet Optimization Algorithm (GOA) to improve a stability, solve higher order Differential Equations (DE) and accuracy of DE. Adam is a first-order gradient-based methods, optimizes stochastic objectives using adaptive lower-order moments. In contrast, GOA represents a different distinct action of a gannets mathematically during foraging and is employed to facilitate exploitation and exploration. In addition, a Shepard Convolutional Neural Network (ShCNN) processed data to construct meta-data and estimate derivatives. After that, the unified integral form is established to determine optimal structure. Heterogeneous parameters are used to estimate and are labeled as constants or variables. Furthermore, the experimental findings showed that the AdamGOA_ ShCNN beat leading models in Accuracy, Convergence, and Mean Square Error (MSE), with values of 0.989, 4, and 0.539, respectively.

IMPROVING THE SEALING EFFECT OF AN ECCENTRIC DOUBLE-DOOR HYDRAULIC PACKER

This research's primary goal is to identify ways for enhancing the hydraulic packer with eccentric power's molding impact and removing any potential causes. Since they ensure the efficacy of multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, packers are a well-known and essential component of hydraulic fracturing operations in low-permeability reservoirs. Packers enable the application of hydraulic pressure to specific wellbore segments. However, packer cuffs need to be dependable and have long-lasting qualities in order to survive formations subjected to high pressure and temperature (such as 80 MPa and 150 °C). In this study, a software program is employed to numerically optimize the rubber cuff constructions of the packer through trials, and the findings are verified. The rubber cuff with a regular structure serves as the starting point for the optimization process. The software then identifies the weakest places and improves them by making minor structural changes. The final, optimal construction of the expandable cuff is achieved by repeating this process. The findings demonstrate that the single rubber barrel's optimized construction works incredibly well in horizontal wells for packer rubbers and expanding reserve rings. Keywords: Packer collar, shaping effect, structure optimization, packer.

Evolution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of City Networks in China: A Case Study of Cross-Regional Automobile Enterprises

The optimization of the spatial structure of the city network is conducive to the scientific spatial distribution of industries and the promotion of coordinated regional development. This study selected the top 100 automobile enterprises in the Chinese stock market that belong to China’s pillar industry, a total of 1455 headquarters and branches, to establish an enterprise matrix. Based on the ownership linkage model, the evolution characteristics of city networks in China from 2000 to 2020 are revealed, and the influential factors of city networks are discussed using the negative binomial regression model. The findings are as follows: (1) there are significant differences in the status of automobile cities, forming a “pyramid network” hierarchy. (2) The agglomeration area of automobile cities has formed the development region of “4 + 4 + 1”. (3) The city network with hierarchical connections has formed a spatial structure of a “cross–cobweb” in the middle and “trapezoid–diamond” in the periphery. (4) Urban transportation conditions, the scientific research environment, the enterprise agglomeration economy, GDP per capita, and technological proximity positively impact the formation of a city network, but the total export–import volume has a negative impact. Overall, the government can use this study’s results to formulate policies for the automotive industry and urban development.

Electroosmotic Flow in Fractal Tree‐Like Convergent Microchannel Network

AbstractElectroosmotic flow (EOF) in a fractal tree‐like microfluidic network has wide applications. To reduce the fluid resistance of EOF in the network, this paper numerically studies the influences of the branch convergence α, the level convergence κ, the length ratio λ, the branching number N, the maximum branching level M, and the channel height H of a fractal tree‐like convergent microchannel network (FTCMCN) on the EOF flowrate and analyzes the optimal structure of FTCMCN to maximize the EOF transport efficiency. The present paper finds the optimal structure of FTCMCN and its dependence on the various geometric and structural parameters. This work is beneficial to the optimization design of the FTCMCN to achieve the highest EOF transport efficiency.

Agricultural carbon reduction in China: The synergy effect of trade and technology on sustainable development

The control of carbon emissions from agriculture is imperative in addressing the challenges posed by the greenhouse effect. China must develop a specific pathway for reducing its agricultural carbon emissions, accounting for its unique circumstances and considering the impacts of trade liberalization. (1) The study revealing that agricultural trade liberalization (ATL) has a marked effect on lowering China's agricultural carbon emission intensity (ACEI), with robustness and endogeneity tests supporting these findings. (2) In the pursuit of emissions reduction, the crucial role of technology spillovers (TS) and the optimization of industrial structure (OIS) are essential. (3) The reduction in ACEI is particularly notable in coastal regions, areas with low environmental regulations and during periods characterized by more stable agricultural tariffs. This study shows a synergistic association between ATL and ACEI, indicates the potential for a mutually beneficial situation with advantages in both economic and environmental aspects.