Optimal Location Of Flexible AC Transmission System Devices Research Articles

Optimal location of FACTS devices with EVCS in power system network using PSO

The appeal of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is steadily growing, driven by the numerous advantages they offer to both owners and the environment. However, this surge in EV adoption places an increasing demand on the power system network for electric charging. The consequential strain on the power system may lead to instability and potential contingencies within the network. To mitigate these challenges, this paper recommends the installation of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices. Specifically, two types of FACTS devices, Static Var Compensator (SVC) and Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC), are employed to enhance the stability and loading conditions of the power system network. The study focuses on an IEEE 39 bus system network chosen for the installation of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS). The objective is to assess the maximum loading factor of each bus within the network. This paper introduces a methodology for determining the optimal locations for both EVCS and FACTS devices. Notably, a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to optimize the size of FACTS devices and associated installation costs, ensuring an efficient and cost-effective enhancement to the power system's stability and loading conditions.

Improving Voltage Stability of Electrical Power System by Optimal Location of FACTS Devices Using an Evolutionary Method

In the present work, a new approach for improving voltage stability by optimal location of the Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices has been discussed. We used Genetic Algorithm (GA) as an optimization technique to search the good placements of different FACTS systems in great electrical networks and its contribution to enhance voltage stability. Various FACTS devices were used in our study such as SVC, TCSC, SSSC, STATCOM, TCVR, TCPST and UPFC. The search of optimal parameters of those devices has been also investigated. The method presented in the paper was tested by using Matlab/environment. In addition, the proposed method has been implemented and tested on various IEEE power systems; 14Bus, 57Bus, and 118Bus. The obtained results show the validity of the proposed method.

Determining Optimal SVC Location for Voltage Stability Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making Based Solution: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Approach

Due to latest blackouts in the world, voltage instability and voltage collapse have become the main issues studied in electrical power systems. For this purpose, various Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices have been utilized for many years, increasing voltage stability while at the same time improving system performance, reliability, supply quality and providing environmental benefits. These devices location for enhancing voltage stability is a significant problem for actual power networks. When determining the best location of the controller, an optimal solution should be found to increase the loading margin and also reduce voltage deviation and power losses. In the literature, the weight coefficients of the criteria were chosen equally or approximate values were obtained by trial and error method and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques have never been used in finding the optimal location of FACTS devices. This article presents a novel technique for optimal location of Static Var Compensator (SVC) devices in power systems using MCDM. The simulation was conducted on Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) in MATLAB. In the proposed approach, IEEE 14-bus, IEEE 30-bus and IEEE 118-bus test systems were used and the optimal location was found out with Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), an MCDM technique. The consistency of the results has been checked and the reliability has been increased, and the results of the application are promising. In addition, the optimal location of the SVC for different contingencies was found, and the effects of the overloaded lines and Phase-Shifting Transformer (PST) on the network were analyzed.

Optimal Location of FACTS Devices for Active and Reactive Loadability Improvement Using KHA Algorithm

Optimal reactive power dispatch in power system is referred to minimizing the power loss in transmission lines and voltage deviations at the load bus by control of reactive power. This paper presents the comparison between particle swarm optimization (PSO) and an improved evolutionary krill herd algorithm (KHA) for computing optimal steady-state performance of power system by finding the optimal position for placement of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS). For this purpose thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC), static VAR compensator (SVC). A comparative analysis between the two optimization techniques is done and KHA is found to give better results as compared to PSO. IEEE 30- bus system is considered for the optimal placement of FACTS controllers.

A Multi-objective Hybrid Heuristic Approach for Optimal Setting of FACTS Devices in Power System Operation

<p>Improvement of power system performance in terms of increased voltage profile and decreased transmission loss is becoming one of the challenging tasks to the system operators under open access environment. Apart from traditional power flow controlling devices, use of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices can give an attractive solution for the operation and control of deregulated power system. The type, size, location and number of FACTS devices are to be optimized appropriately in order to get the targeted benefits. In this paper, two FACTS devices, Thyristor Controller Phase Shift Transformer (TCPST) and Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) are selected to obtain the required performance such as improvement of voltage profile and loss minimization. To search the optimal location and optimal rating of the selected FACTS devices, a hybrid algorithm which formulated with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) is proposed. At the first step, the optimization problem is solved for finding the optimal location of FACTS devices using PSO with an objective of voltage profile maximization and later GSA is implemented to optimize their parameters with an objective of transmission loss minimization. The proposed method is implemented on IEEE 30-bus test system and from the simulation results it can be proved that this technique is well suited for real-time application. </p><p align="center"><strong><br /></strong></p>

Minimization of losses and FACTS installation cost using proposed differential gravitational search algorithm optimization technique

The optimal location of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) controllers in a multi-machine power system using proposed differential gravitational search algorithm (DGSA) optimization method is proposed in this paper. The main objective of this paper is to employ DGSA optimization technique to solve optimal power flow problem in the presence of Unified Power Flow controller for improving voltage profile by reducing losses along with the installation cost thereby enhancing the power system stability. A differential operator is incorporated into the gravitational search algorithm for effective search of the better solution. Due to this, the convergence and accuracy will be faster. The IEEE-6 bus, IEEE-14 bus and IEEE-30 bus systems are tested along with three other optimization techniques to validate the effectiveness of this proposed method. This proposed algorithm presents an optimal location of FACTS devices in transmission lines.

Techno-economical benefits of optimal location of SVC for congestion management

This research paper deals with the congestion of transmission lines in deregulated electricity market and thus, suggesting an optimal power flow framework to solve the problem. In this research paper, a model has been designed that help decongest using re-dispatch method and then calculate the taxes. In order to reduce taxes, it considers the installation of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices in the transmission network. The optimal location of FACTS devices can be recognised by the bus on which maximum tax is imposed. The IEEE 30-bus system is used to simulate the market and illustrate the proposed method. The simulation is done in MATLAB. The results show that when SVC is included, the amount of re-dispatched power reduces significantly, resulting in an optimal operating point closer to that dictated by the market settlement. Secondly, the results prove that SVC is a viable option for congestion management, from technical as well as economical points of view.

ATC determination with FACTS devices using PTDFs approach for multi-transactions in competitive electricity markets

Available transfer capability (ATC) is an important indicator for accommodating further transactions over and above already existing commitments. With flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) deployment in a system for better utilization, the ATC information quantification is essential. ATC enhancement with these devices can play an important role in an efficient and secure operation of competitive markets. The main objective of the paper is: (i) power transfer distribution factors determination with FACTS devices, (ii) ATC determination for bilateral/multi-lateral transactions based on PTDFs with FACTS devices, (iii) optimal location of FACTS devices based on power flow sensitivity corresponding to transactions, and (iv) comparison of ATC obtained with DC PTDF based approach. The results have been determined for intact and line contingency cases without and with FACTS devices. The proposed method have been tested on IEEE 24 bus RTS.

Enhanced Genetic Algorithm Approach for Security Constrained Optimal Power Flow Including FACTS Devices

� Abstract—This paper presents a genetic algorithm based approach for solving security constrained optimal power flow problem (SCOPF) including FACTS devices. The optimal location of FACTS devices are identified using an index called overload index and the optimal values are obtained using an enhanced genetic algorithm. The optimal allocation by the proposed method optimizes the investment, taking into account its effects on security in terms of the alleviation of line overloads. The proposed approach has been tested on IEEE-30 bus system to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for solving the SCOPF problem. Keywords—Optimal Power Flow, Genetic Algorithm, Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices, Severity Index (SI), Security Enhancement, Thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC). preventive approach for security enhancement, the post contingency state corrective action can also be used for security enhancement. The resulting stage has the same security level as the usual security - constrained optimal power flow case with lower operating cost. The power electronics-based FACTS devices can also be employed for corrective action due to its high speed of response. Thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) is one such device which offers smooth and flexible control of the line impedance, with much faster response compared to the traditional control devices. TCSC can be used effectively in maintaining system security in case of a contingency; by eliminating or alleviating overloads along the selected network branches. It is important to ascertain the location for the placement of these devices due to their considerable costs. In this paper, the location of the TCSC is

Application of particle swarm optimization technique for optimal location of FACTS devices considering cost of installation and system loadability

This paper presents the application of particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique to find the optimal location of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices with minimum cost of installation of FACTS devices and to improve system loadability (SL). While finding the optimal location, thermal limit for the lines and voltage limit for the buses are taken as constraints. Three types of FACTS devices, thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC), static VAR compensator (SVC) and unified power flow controller (UPFC) are considered. The optimizations are performed on the parameters namely the location of FACTS devices, their setting, their type, and installation cost of FACTS devices. Two cases namely, single-type devices (same type of FACTS devices) and multi-type devices (combination of TCSC, SVC and UPFC) are considered. Simulations are performed on IEEE 6, 30 and 118 bus systems and Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (TNEB) 69 bus system, a practical system in India for optimal location of FACTS devices. The results obtained are quite encouraging and will be useful in electrical restructuring.