Optimal Granularity Research Articles

Combining a scientific approach and prototyping in the design of EHCR systems.

In this paper, it is emphasized that electronic medical record systems cannot totally be developed in the traditional way. The underlying process of how physicians or nurses are searching for information is not fully understood. Therefore, a method that combines a scientific approach and prototyping is advocated. With the help of this advocated approach, these questions could be answered in a way that was also scientifically sound. In this contribution, two examples of the use of this method are presented. One concerns the determination of the optimum granularity of the narrative parts of the electronic healthcare record (EHCR) and the other concerns the use and impact of stand-alone protocol systems.

Optimal granularity and scheme of parallel test generation in a distributed system

Client-Agent-Server model (CAS model) which can decrease the work load of the client by adding agent processors to the Client-Server model (CS model) is proposed and an approach to parallel test generation for logic circuits on the CAS model is presented. Two problems are considered: optimal granularity problem and optimal scheme problem. First, the problem of parallel test generation on the CAS model is formulated to analyze the effect of the granularity (grain size of target faults allocated to processors) in both cases of static and dynamic task allocation (optimal granularity problem). Then the relationship between the number of processors and the total processing time is analyzed (optimal scheme problem). From the analysis, it is shown that the CAS model can reduce the total processing time over the CS model and that there exists an optimal scheme (an optimal pair of numbers of agent processors and server processors) for the CAS model which minimizes the total processing time for a given number of processors. To corroborate the analysis, the proposed parallel test generation algorithm is implemented on a network of more than 100 workstations and experimental results for the ISCAS benchmark circuits are presented. It is shown that the experimental results are very close to the theoretical results which confirms the existence of optimal granularity and optimal scheme which minimizes the total processing time for the CAS model. >

Modeling optimal granularity when adapting systolic algorithms to transputer based supercomputers

In this work a systolic matrix product algorithm was adapted on a linear transputer network. A model to find optimal work-load balance is given which describes the behaviour of the adapted systolic algorithm. In addition, this model allows us to find optimal granularity to obtain maximum speedup.

Search radar detection and track with the Hough transform. II. detection statistics

For pt.I see ibid., vol.30, no.1, (Jan.1994). This paper describes the calculation of P/sub F/ and P/sub D/ for the Hough transform technique when the primary threshold crossings are weighted by their power before transforming (i.e., noncoherent integration). After expressions for P/sub F/ and P/sub D/ are derived, we examine the question of optimal granularity of the Hough accumulator space. We also investigate the relationship between primary and secondary thresholds and its effect on detectability.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Optimal partitioning and granularity of uniform task graphs

Task partitioning is an important technique in parallel processing. In this paper, we investigate the optimal partitioning strategies and granularities of tasks with communications based on several models of parallel computer systems. Different from the usual approach, we study the optimal partitioning strategies and granularities from the viewpoint of minimizingT as well as minimizingNT 2, whereN is the number of processors used andT is the program execution time usingN processors. Our results show that the optimal partitioning strategies for all cases discussed in this paper are the same—either to assign all tasks to one processor or to distribute them among the processors as equally as possible depending only on the functions of ratio of running time to communication timeR/C.

Optimal granularity of test generation in a distributed system

The problem of test generation for logic circuits is known to be NP-hard, and hence it is very hard to speed up the test generation process due to its backtracking mechanism. The authors present an approach to parallel processing of test generation for logic circuits in a loosely coupled distributed network of general-purpose computers. They analyze the effects of the allocation of target faults to processors, the optimal granularity (grain size of target faults), and the speedup ratio of the multiple-processor system to a single-processor system. To analyze the case in which a test pattern generated for one fault can also be a test pattern for other faults if fault simulation is performed, they introduce a ratio of newly processed faults to target faults and derive the expressions of optimal granularity in cases of both static and dynamic task allocation. They also derive an expression of the speedup of a multiple-processor system in the homogeneous case. The analysis indicates that the speedup approaches N, the number of servers, if the data transfer time per fault and the waiting time per communication are much smaller than the processing time per fault and if the decrease ratio of newly processed faults due to overlapped processing is much smaller than the ratio of newly processed faults. >

The structure of lateral electromagnetic shower development in Si/W and Si/U calorimeters

Abstract In order to find the optimal granularity of the electromagnetic section of a hadronic calorimeter, with tungsten or uranium absorbers, lateral shower extension is to be defined. A test was performed in t9 beam at the CERN-PS (proton synchrotron) with incoming electron energies of 2, 4 and 6 GeV. It was found that in the investigated radial region, the structure of the lateral shower development has two components.

Lateral Electromagnetic Shower Development in Si/W and Si/U Sandwich Calorimeter

In order to find the optimal granularity of a compact silicon sandwich calorimeter, with tungsten or uranium as absorbers, information about the lateral shower extension is needed. Thus, the lateral shower development in Si/W and Si/U sandwich calorimeter was investigated at various radiation lengths up to 16, for electrons of energies of 2, 4 and 6 GeV.