Optical Society Of America Research Articles

Viewfinder based on a Galilean telescope system

This paper discusses the possibility of introducing the image of a grid (a mark) into the field of view of a Galilean telescope system and of converting such a system into a viewfinder. An explanation is given of the position of the pupils and ports in a Galilean telescope system operating in combination with the eye. Two layouts of Galilean viewfinders are proposed. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Device for adjusting an optical multichannel system

A device consisting of two transmitting channels with radiators operating in different spectral regions, a receiver channel, a movable mirror, and coupling prisms has been developed to increase the adjustment accuracy of multichannel observational systems. The spectral region of each transmitting channel coincides with the spectral region of the corresponding optical channel of the multichannel system. © 2005 Optical Society of America

On the question of pulsed laser cooling Collective luminescence and light quenching in high-concentration solutions of rhodamine 101

The transmittance and luminescence of concentrated solutions of rhodamine 101 excited by laser pulses in the Stokes and anti-Stoke regions of the spectrum have been experimentally investigated. It is shown that a substantial role in forming the luminescence is played at large pump energies by collective photoinduced luminescence, which competes with induced emission. Estimates are made of the heating and cooling of solutions. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Calculating the surface shape of mirrors for shaping an image in the form of a line

This paper discusses how to calculate the surface of a mirror for shaping a directional pattern represented by a vector function of a single argument. A general representation of a mirror surface for an arbitrary wave-front shape of an illuminating beam is obtained in the form of the envelope of a family of surfaces. Each surface of the family transforms the entrance pupil into a beam with a planar wave front having a designated direction. For a spherical illuminating beam, the equation of the mirror is represented in the form of the envelope of a family of paraboloids of rotation. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Methods of adapting television systems to the illumination-variation conditions on the terrain

This paper discusses various methods of adapting television systems with photodetectors based on CCD arrays to the conditions of the variation of the illuminance on the terrain. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Comprehensive technology for fabricating optical coatings with a complex spectral profile

This paper presents a comprehensive technology for fabricating optical coatings, using mathematical methods to design the coatings and the AOS-4SW broad-band acoustooptic spectrometer. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Intracavity scanning of the radiation of an electric-discharge nonchain DF laser

This paper presents the results of a study of the possibility of using an electrically controlled space-time light modulator based on the transparent electrooptic ceramic PLZT for intracavity scanning of the radiation of a chemical nonchain DF laser (lasing-wavelength range 3.5-4.0 µm). The radiation pulses are scanned in space in the pulsed and pulse-frequency operating modes of the laser. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Patents Reviews: 6,735,016; 6,735,016; 6,738,203; 6,738,203; 6,739,728; 6,739,728; 6,741,357; 6,741,357; 6,741,362; 6,741,374; 6,741,374; 6,744,507; 6,744,507; 6,744,514; 6,744,514; 6,744,518; 6,744,518; 6,744,525; 6,744,525

The patent number, date of issuance by the U.S. Patent Office, and classification are shown on the first line. The filing date is that of the first application (although some patents may derive from earlier applications with earlier claim dates). Any opinions expressed are those of the reviewers and do not reflect the opinions of the organizations with which they are associated, the Optical Society of America, or this journal. Printed copies of these patents may be ordered from the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, DC 20231: telephone (703) 557-3158, URL http://patents.uspto.gov. Inquiries about patents should be addressed to the Patents Office, not to this journal or to OSA.

Information-statistical estimation of the variations of the aerosol light-scattering distributions from measurements in Antarctica

The statistics of the variations of the aerosol component of the light-scattering distributions in the near-earth layer of the atmosphere in Antarctica are analyzed. It is found that the probability distribution for the angular coefficients of the aerosol scattering of light is close to log-normal. The methods of information-statistical analysis, based on the ratio of the useful signals to the measurement errors, are used to estimate the means, the variances, and the mutual correlation coefficients for the logarithms of the angular light-scattering coefficients. The information-statistical estimates of the means and variances are close to those obtained from the distribution quantiles on the assumption that the distribution of the logarithms of the angular scattering coefficients is normal and taking into account corrections for censorship of the data. A high level of mutual correlation is noted between light-scattering coefficients for different scattering angles. It is pointed out that the aerosol light-scattering distribution is correlated with the absolute humidity of the atmosphere. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Light scattering by single crystals of paratellurite and germanium

The scattering of laser light with wavelengths of 0.53 and 0.63 µm has been studied in single crystals of paratellurite (alpha-TeO2) by recording and analyzing images of the cross sections of beams transmitted through the samples. The scattering of light with wavelengths 2-25 µm has been investigated in germanium crystals, using a method based on an integrating sphere and a spectrophotometric method. It is established that there is small-angle Mie scattering with the corresponding resonances in both materials. Based on data concerning the resonance frequencies, as well the form of the distributions, conclusions are drawn concerning the size, concentrations, and physical nature of the characteristic scattering inhomogeneities in the crystals. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Differential infrared photometer for monitoring CO2 in the atmosphere

A differential infrared photometer has been developed for monitoring the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. The working region of the spectrum of the device is 2300-2550 cm^−1. The attainable sensitivity with respect to the gas concentration is Delta N/N=10^−4, and this allows the device to be used for noncontact investigation of plant growth in a closed volume, with the possibility of recording the increment of dry vegetable mass every 2-5 min. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Circular-view television direction finder

A prototype of a circular-view direction finder based on radiation-detector arrays has been fabricated and investigated. It uses four CCD cameras mounted in a circle with a 90° step and a 35° tilt. The angular resolution is 0.5°-1°. Possible applications of the proposed device are considered. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Investigation of the laws governing the rotational motion of the driven element of grinding-polishing machines

This paper establishes the interconnection between the torque, the ratio of the angular velocities of the driven and driving elements, and the distance between their fixed parallel axes. Formulas are given for determining the torque. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Optical recorder of petroleum films on a wavy water surface

A remote method has been developed and tested for displaying petroleum contamination of a water surface by probing it with a divergent light beam of optical radar. An advantage of this method is that it substantially reduces the extent to which wind waves affect the results of the operation of the device. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Laser strengthening of metals

This paper presents the results of experiments on the strengthening of a metal surface by laser pulses with an intensity of 10^9-10^10 W/cm². A neodymium glass laser with an energy of up to 50 J and a pulse width of about 30 ns was used as a radiation source. The results of the laser strengthening for various areas of the irradiated surface were determined by means of microstructural analysis. A new approach to the creation of an industrial laser for work hardening is discussed. © 2005 Optical Society of America

The Virtual Museum of the University as a means of studying the history of optical instrumentation and optical education

This paper establishes the urgency of creating a Virtual Museum of the University (VMU) as means for studying the history not only of the institution, but also of optical instrumentation and optical education. The results achieved in 2000-2004 by the construction of a VMU are considered, its structure is described, and the main tasks for its development in 2005-2007 are formulated. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Monitoring the position of the viewing axis of an infrared optical system with variable focal length

An improved technique has been developed for checking the parallelness of the viewing axes of IR optical systems with variable focal length with both continuous and discrete magnification variation. The technique is suitable when using single-element radiation detectors. © 2005 Optical Society of America

A study and evaluation of the light distribution in the image plane of superwide-angle objectives for minivideo cameras with CCD arrays

An analytical method is proposed for investigating and calculating the light distribution in distorting superwide-angle objectives of various designs, intended to operate with video cameras based on small-format CCD arrays. An example is given of a calculation of the light distribution in a superwide-angle objective for operation with a 1/3-in. CCD matrix. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Spectrophotometric investigation of the concentration of heavy metals in the soil layer of an industrial city

Emission spectrophotometry has been used to study soil samples taken in the residential regions in the right-bank, industrial, and left-bank parts of Magnitogorsk. It is shown that the elevated concentration of lead is predominantly caused by automotive emissions. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Using semiconductor radiation sources when investigating the spectral selectivity of volume holograms

A technique is proposed for investigating the spectral selectivity of volume holograms when a KLM-650/3 semiconductor laser module is used as a radiation source in the incoherent-radiation-generation regime. © 2005 Optical Society of America