Opposite Parts Research Articles

Coming from opposite parts of the spectrum of interpreting studies about Nutri-Score: Suggestion of publication bias cannot be denied

BackgroundThe front-of-pack label Nutri-Score is currently proposed as the system of choice in seven EU countries. However, there is still much scientific debate about the validation and efficacy of Nutri-Score and there is much discussion about author affiliation and study outcome. MethodsRecently we published our paper: Nutri-Score and publication bias: A complete literature review of the substantiation of the effectiveness of the front-of-pack logo Nutri-Score Peters & Verhagen, PharmaNutrition 27 C (2024) 100380. This paper received a commentary paper by the developers of Nutri-Score: M. Touvier et al., 2024 “Rebuttal to the paper published by S. Peters and H. Verhagen”. We herewith provide an invited commentary to that rebuttal paper, which further supports the observed publication bias. ResultsIn this response to the rebuttal, we primarily respond on the scientific issues raised in the rebuttal and explain more about our alleged conflict of interest and our motivation to write the paper. Moreover, we basically thank the authors of the rebuttal paper for, perhaps ironically but essentially, confirming our analysis: there is a publication bias versus affiliation. DiscussionOverall, the available evidence is clearly limited and biased, and more research is needed to substantiate or disprove the effectiveness of Nutri-Score.

Redefining Consciousness

This Paper examined hot topics of Consciousness, emergence, supervenience, terrestrial planets, fine tuning of earth, the Goldilocks, and the concept of dualism, all of which physicists now consider worthy of scientific inquiry. Analysis of these topics led to many findings namely, how the earth acquired high level of fine tuning (from the Sun’s energy) while earth’s three terrestrial neighbors Mercury, Venus, and Mars, failed to achieve fine tuning as reason there is life on Earth, but there is no life on other three terrestrial planets. This Paper examined the Goldilocks and found earth’s central position in the Goldilocks as the main reason earth alone acquired favorable fine tuning for life to appear on earth. This Paper has traced the origin of Consciousness to the concept of emergence. This Paper found that Consciousness is an emergent property of a fine-tuned earth. Hence, Consciousness is not fundamental. This research has answered one of the most fundamental questions about Consciousness that; Consciousness is not monist but dual. Consciousness consists of two different and opposite parts namely, Cosmic Consciousness and Objective Consciousness. Objective consciousness is the type of consciousness derived from the brain known to physicists, psychologists, neuroscientists, and everyone else. This Paper found that dualism and dual Consciousness underpins every living organism in nature through the dual principles of Opposites and Complementarity of opposites such as, matter/energy, body/mind, male/female. Hence, the Supremacy of Dualism prevails. This Paper examined supervenience and how Consciousness supervenes matter similar to how magnet supervenes a loadstone.

THE RATIONAL CONCEPT IN EXPLAINING THE WORLD STRUCTURE IN ANCIENT CHINESE AND ANCIENT GREECE MYTHOLOGY

Humanity has a long history of exploring the mysteries of the universe and the world, and myths were the first interpretations of the origins of the world and natural phenomena by primitive ancestors. Ancient Chinese and ancient Greek mythology both arose during childhood in human development, and myths from this stage reflect the poetic understanding of the structure of the world by the first people of ancient societies. The myth of the world's origin mainly includes the beginning of the universe and the origin of all things. Famous Ancient Chinese myth about Pan Gu and Ancient Greek myth about Chaos contain the understanding of the world’s beginning from Eastern and Western civilizations. The study argues that differences between both myths are mostly structural. Analyzing the differences in the archetypes of thought and the characteristics of the concept of rationality as well as discussing similarities of those myths, it is proved that both creation myths greatly influenced the culture of the opposite parts of the World. They formed similar understanding of the world development as the moving from chaos to order and at the same time creating linear (West) and curvilinear (East) types of thinking, as well as heroic (West) and harmonious (East) understanding of the man-nature opposition.

Timbre-image of the viola in Valentin Bibik’s Fifth String Quartet in the context of the «last work» concept

Statement of the problem. The opuses, which were created at the final stage of the composer’s creative path – namely, V. Bibik’s Fifth String Quartet – always arouse the special interest of researchers as the “last word” of the artist, which accumulates the peculiarities of his thinking and contributes to the integrity of the perception of his work We are particularly interested in the fact that quite often the latest works of composers, par excellence, those of the 19–21 centuries, are associated with the timbre of the viola (J. Brahms, M. Reger, D. Shostakovich, B. Britten, B. Bartok, P. Hindemith, B. Martinu, E. Bloch, A. Khachaturyan and others), which can also be traced in V. Bibik’s work. The phenomenon of involving the viola in the late opuses of composers of the 19–21 centuries has not been specifically considered so far, therefore, the discovery and application of this research angle constitutes a certain scientific novelty of our work. The purpose of the presented research is to consider the specifics of the application of the timbre semantics of the viola in the late works of the famous Ukrainian composer Valentyn Bibik (1940–2003) using the example of his Fifth String Quartet (2002). A set of general and special musicological approaches was used to explore the topic: historical and biographical in the study of V. Bibik’s life and creative path; stylistic, since the specifics of the composer’s late style are considered; semantic, in connection with the study of the timbre image of the viola; organological, in connection with the analysis of timbre-sematic and articulation-stroke means of expression; the method of performance analysis, focused on revealing the semantics of the viola timbre in the researched work. The article presents the references to works by researchers on the issue of the semantics of the timbre-image of the viola (Kosenko, 2018; Kupriyanenko, 2005; Horodetskyi, 2019 and others), on the studies dedicated to the issues of periodization of the work of composers, in particular, the typology of late period of creativity (Savytska, 2008, 2010), and on some works devoted to V. Bibik (Shapovalova, 2007a, b; Ivanova, & Mizitova, 2020; Shchetynsky, 2021, Serhaniuk, Shapovalova, Nikolaievska, & Kopeliuk, 2021). Results and conclusions. Based on the research of G. Kosenko, E. Kupriyanenko, and A. Horodetskyi, we have deduced some parameters for analyzing the semantics of the viola timbre-image: – creating a semantic “image of the instrument”; – accentuation of timbre qualities that express its specificity; – selection of intonations that form psychological characteristics presented by the alto timbre; – emphasis on various timbre components that influence the richness of the viola timbre. – performance influence on the timbre-image of the viola; – gravitation of the alto timbre towards certain moods; – use of two opposite parts of the viola register (high – low) for the characterization of internally contrasting images. The typology of creative periods (according to N. Savytska, 2008) was projected onto the work of V. Bibik, as a result of which it was found out that the late period of his compositional activity (according to our periodization – 1994–2003) can be attributed to the “consolidating” type, since the main constants of the artist’s style such as philosophical aspect, symphonism, polyphonisation, monologisation, meditative type of the dramaturgy are preserved. A compositional and dramaturgical analysis of the Fifth String Quartet was done, the techniques of instrumental exposition and development of thematic material were considered, attention was focused on the peculiarities of the use of the timbre image of the viola in the semantic field of the work. Based on the analysis of the Quartet, taking into account the stylistic dominants of the composer’s work, the main trends in the use of the viola timbre in V. Bibik’s late work are highlighted. It is concluded that the composer significantly expands its semantic spectrum due to the technical and performance capabilities of the instrument.

엘리아데 소설 『뱀(Şarpele)』의 내러티브와 코인치덴찌아 오포지토룸(Coincidentia oppositorum) 연구

For Mircea Eliade, Romanian historian of religion fiction writer philosopher of the 20th century Coincidentia oppositorum is coexistence of opposite parts without contradiction and it is the desire to recover the unification by understanding complimentary elements of opposite parts. What Eliade is pursuing is that we need to open a new perspective in this era with a total insight rather then practicality for humans. It is generally believed that existence and non-existence, reality and fantasy, day and night, history and mythology sacred and profane have opposite properties. However Eliade says that these opposing concepts meet each other totally and become the key to a New Humanism. Eliade depicted our existential desire for the mysteries of totality that is revealed in various dimensions in the narrative of his fantasy novel the Snake. According to Eliade human being determines his existence of opposite things by experience in his life. But the disguised appearance of discrepancy of good and evil makes man transcend beyond opposition and the harmony of anima and animus symbolize the sacred marriage. At the point of cosmos marriage between heaven and earth is an act of creation and creation of life. Sacred marriage are connection of man and woman, melting of opposite things, interaction oneness and connection between man and God. In this novel main character Andronic and Dorina live in paradise of freedom and richness like Adam and Eve in the Bible. Coincidentia oppositorum makes it possible to recognize the makeup of the constant holiness in the ever changing world. And Eliade's interpretation about Coincidentia oppositorum are realization of comprehensive understanding about human beings unbiased regardless of ages and creating New Humanism which values human life instead of isolating it.

Spin Hall effect of fractional order radially polarized beam in its tight focusing

Different from the traditional radially polarized beams, the fractional order radially polarized beam possess the symmetry broken structure of the polarization state distribution. The symmetry broken of the optical beams’ intrinsic structure can lead to the spin–orbit coupling of light. In this paper, we investigate the tight focusing of the fractional order radially polarized beam and show some interesting phenomena induced by the symmetry broken structure of the polarization state distribution. Firstly, the intensity and the spin angular momentum density are split in the focal plane, and the focal field intensity distribution can be controlled (split or focused) by modulating the initial phase of the polarization state. Furthermore, just like the spin angular momentum, the orbital angular momentum density also is split into two opposite parts (positive and negative). Though, the evolutions of the spin and the orbital angular momentum are different: as the change of the initial phase of the polarization state, the spin angular momentum distribution just is rotated slightly, yet the orbital angular momentum distribution is reversed. All these phenomena can be considered as the manifestations of the spin Hall effect of the fractional order radially polarized beam. Our results provide further potential applications of the vector beams in the focal field shaping.

Parity-mixed coupled-cluster formalism for computing parity-violating amplitudes

We formulate a parity-mixed coupled-cluster (PM-CC) approach for high-precision calculations of parity non-conserving amplitudes in mono-valent atoms. Compared to the conventional formalism which uses parity-proper (PP) one-electron orbitals, the PM-CC method is built using parity-mixed (PM) orbitals. The PM orbitals are obtained by solving the Dirac-Hartree-Fock equation with the electron-nucleus electroweak interaction included (PM-DHF). There are several advantages to such a PM-CC formulation: (i) reduced role of correlations, as for the most experimentally-accurate to date ${}^{133}{\rm Cs}\,$ $6S_{1/2}-7S_{1/2}$ transition, the PM-DHF result is only 3% away from the accurate many-body value, while the conventional DHF result is off by 18%; (ii) avoidance of directly summing over intermediate states in expressions for parity non-conserving amplitudes which reduces theoretical uncertainties associated with highly-excited and core-excited intermediate states, and (iii) relatively straightforward upgrade of existing and well-tested large-scale PP-CC codes. We reformulate the CC method in terms of the PM-DHF basis and demonstrate that the cluster amplitudes are complex numbers with opposite parity real and imaginary parts. We then use this fact to map out a strategy through which the new PM-CC scheme may be implemented.

No borders for innovations: A ca. 2700-year-old Assyrian-style leather scale armour in Northwest China

The first millennium BCE was pivotal for the environment and for human societies in Central and Eastern Eurasia because transformations accelerated and altered natural and cultural landscapes to hitherto unknown dimensions. Among the major driving forces was the increasing use of horse riding, which extended range of movement significantly and led to the development of cavalry units as a part of large armies. Empires with enormous outreach and gravitational pull formed and disintegrated in close dependence. The wide spread of military technologies demonstrates their bonds, though mostly in the form of metal objects due to the inherent survivability of their materials. Equipment and protective clothing of organic material, albeit produced in large numbers and thus an economic and environmental factor, are rarely preserved. In Yanghai cemetery site, Turfan, the remains of one leather scale armour were discovered. In this study, the results of the AMS radiocarbon dating as well as the construction details of the Yanghai find are presented and compared with a contemporary armour of unknown origin in the Metropolitan Museum of Art New York (MET) and with finds and depictions from the Near East, the adjacent northern steppe areas and the territory of China. The armour, datable to 786–543 cal BCE (95% probability), was originally made of about 5444 smaller scales and 140 larger scales, which, together with leather laces and lining, had a total weight of ca. 4–5 kg. Our reconstruction demonstrates that it can be donned quickly and without the help of another person by wrapping the left part around the back, tying it to the right part under the right arm and fastening with thongs crosswise over the back to laces at the opposite hip parts. Fitting different statures, it is a light and highly efficient defensive garment. In age, construction details and aesthetic appearance it resembles the MET armour. The stylistic similarities but constructional differences suggest that the two armours were intended as outfits for distinct units of the same army, i.e. light cavalry and heavy infantry, respectively. As such a high level of standardization of military equipment during the 7th century BCE is only known for the Neo-Assyrian military forces, we suggest that the place of manufacture of both armours was the Neo-Assyrian Empire. If this supposition is correct, then the Yanghai armour is one of the rare actual proofs of West-East technology transfer across the Eurasian continent during the first half of the first millennium BCE, when social and economic transformation enhanced.

Design of a mid-infrared single-mode laser based on parity-time symmetry breaking in air-clad hollow-core ZBLAN fiber micro-resonator

In this paper, we propose a single-mode laser operating in the mid-infrared regime by exploiting parity-time (PT) breaking in a whispering gallery mode (WGM) micro-resonator based on air-clad hollow-core ZBLAN fibers. By introducing alternate gain–loss modulation regions with refractive indices respectively having the same real parts but opposite imaginary parts into the air hole clad region of the hollow-core fiber infiltrated with optical functional materials, a PT symmetry system could be set up and specific WGM in PT-broken state whose electric field distribution matches the gain–loss modulation pattern can be excited to realize single-mode laser emission around 5 μm. And moreover, simulation results indicate that high precision laser wavelength tuning with a sensitivity of 1.623 nm RIU−1 can be achieved by adjusting the refractive index of the functional materials filled into the cladding air holes.

Trends and prospects of technical support for separating beehive frames from the hive body

Despite the active introduction of innovations, some types of routine work in apiaries continues to be done with considerable effort. The removal of the beehive frame is one such work. The frame separator consists of an upper plate, sidewalls containing protrusions, a through hole for an axis of rotation or a lower plate. The principle of operation of the proposed device is – when installing two devices on top of the upper plate of the beehive frame, each of the two shoulders of the frame is passed through the space formed by sidewalls and the lower plate, which interconnects them, or the axis of rotation, until the lower plate or the axis of rotation comes up against the outer contour of the side bar of the beehive frame. With devices installed on opposite parts of the upper bar, the beehive frame is placed in the hive body. The technical problem solved by the claimed invention is to ensure synchronous separation of the beehive frame from opposite sides of the hive body, reduce the user’s movements to remove the beehive frame from the hive to a minimum, reduce the probability of breaking the shoulders and the upper bar of the beehive frames.

Analysis of the Workforce in Macroregion Two and Macroregion Four

he economic development that preceded the economic crisis of 2008 has caused a lack of staff on the labor market, in particular of specialists in certain key areas, in all developed countries. The acute shortage of skilled staff at European level is also found among Romania, where companies play an important role in defining society at local and regional level. Romania has about 19 million people, of whom only 5 million are full-time employees, and the labor market estimates a shortage of more than 1 million employees in 2021, according to a study by audit and consulting firm PwC. In this respect, it was considered appropriate to analyze two development macroregions in Romania, which register smallest, respectively the and largest population in terms of national level. The general objective of the research is to identify the macroregion that has a greater potential for making private and even public investments. In this way, the method of multicriteria analysis at the level of applied methodology was used, so that current and future entrepreneurs can observe a clear delimitation of the two opposite areas of the country, regarding the existing potential on the labor market. Being positioned in opposite parts of the country, Macroregion Two and Macroregion Four each have certain specific economic characteristics, which can lead to a sustainable maroregional strategy for on the stability and prosperity of the labor market.

Reflections on Sustainability Concepts: Aloha ʻĀina and the Circular Economy

The Circular Economy is gaining traction in the European Union and all over the world as a transition away from the extractive and exploitative linear economy. In Hawaiʻi, the cultural value of aloha ʻāina is a philosophy describing a set of values grounded in a relationship of kinship between people and the environment. Aloha ʻĀina structured centuries of sustainability and it has evolved over generations to frame community responses to crucial issues today, such as climate change, oligopolistic markets, and contemporary land management. This paper sits at the intersection of cross-disciplinary collaboration, sustainability, and sustainable development. Participative moderate observations and intentional cross-cultural exchanges of knowledge over five years between scholars and experts in the major fields of indigenous Hawaiian knowledge and industrial ecology inspired the concepts explored in this paper, which address the question of how aloha ʻāina and the Circular Economy can engage with each other in the collective effort to combat climate change, guide sustainable development efforts, and transition societies toward sustainability. Extensive literature reviews and insight gained through site visits to sustainability projects inform the discussion of best practices from opposite parts of the globe—Hawaiʻi and Germany—to put into conversation two worldviews and present resulting implications and lessons learned. Essential findings describe the benefits of knowledge exchange between members of global practitioner networks. By shifting expert and participant roles according to which projects are being observed, cross-cultural characteristics can be explored at a deeper level, which allow participants to employ best practices to their respective theories. The Circular Economy’s engagement with indigenous knowledge systems is an opportunity to ally and produce solutions to the challenges associated with changing the linear economy while addressing both environmental and social justice issues.

A Circular Tape Magnetic Circuit with an Elliptical Cross Section

A new class of magnetic circuits is presented, circular tape magnetic circuits with an elliptical cross section. They contain a rectangular part and two opposite half-circular parts. The parametric formula of the shaped cutting of the initial constant tape width is derived to obtain a sweep the winding of which on the mandrel allows making a circular magnetic circuit with an elliptical cross section of target dimensions. The tape is exposed to shape cutting and the magnetic circuit wound simultaneously in one device. The composite magnetic circuit design is considered that allows assembling magnetic circuits of varied size from standard ready-made components. The proposed class of magnetic circuits has a limit coil window filling coefficient equal to 1.

Large-scale asymmetry in galaxy spin directions: evidence from the Southern hemisphere

AbstractRecent observations using several different telescopes and sky surveys showed patterns of asymmetry in the distribution of galaxies by their spin directions as observed from Earth. These studies were done with data imaged from the Northern hemisphere, showing excellent agreement between different telescopes and different analysis methods. Here, data from the DESI Legacy Survey was used. The initial dataset contains$\sim\!2.2\times 10^7$galaxy images, reduced to$\sim\!8.1\times 10^5$galaxies annotated by their spin direction using a symmetric algorithm. That makes it not just the first analysis of its kind in which the majority of the galaxies are in the Southern hemisphere, but also by far the largest dataset used for this purpose to date. The results show strong agreement between opposite parts of the sky, such that the asymmetry in one part of the sky is similar to the inverse asymmetry in the corresponding part of the sky in the opposite hemisphere. Fitting the distribution of galaxy spin directions to cosine dependence shows a dipole axis with probability of 4.66$\sigma$. Interestingly, the location of the most likely axis is within close proximity to the CMB Cold Spot. The profile of the distribution is nearly identical to the asymmetry profile of the distribution identified in Pan-STARRS, and it is within 1$\sigma$difference from the distribution profile in SDSS and HST. All four telescopes show similar large-scale profile of asymmetry.

Stability study of magnetoelastic damper of high-speed machines

The article describes a new device for magnetoelastic damper of high-speed machines. The operation of the device is based on the strength of magnetic levitation and magnetoelastic interaction of the opposite parts. The stability of the damper by the Lyapunov criterion is analyzed. When using the known criterion, particular criteria for the stability of the device were added. Due to the poor convergence of numerical calculations, analytical research methods for specific individual expressions were used. Achieving the goal is solved using the analytical mathematical apparatus.

Catalogers and Directors: At Loggerheads or Mutually Advancing the Profession?

Especially in recent years, the future of cataloging as a part of the library profession has become a point of discussion. It seems at times that catalogers and directors are at opposite parts of the spectrum: catalogers holding on to cataloging because “that’s the way it’s always been done”; directors trying to make use of dwindling funds, and deciding that cataloging as we know it is not a major part of the future. So it seems—but is the appearance accurate? Are catalogers and directors simply saying the same thing in different ways and with different focuses, or is there a fundamental disconnect between the two viewpoints? The purpose of this panel was to bring together one cataloger and two directors to discuss precisely that topic.

Two-dimensional O-phase group III monochalcogenides for photocatalytic water splitting

The atomically thin group III monochalcogenides have emerged as potential candidates for nanoscale optoelectronic applications due to their tunable bandgaps and high carrier mobility. In this work, by means of ab initio calculations, we have systematically investigated the geometrical structures, electronic structures, and optical properties of the orthogonal phase (O-phase) group III monochalcogenides MX (M = Ga and In, X = S, Se and Te) monolayers, nanoribbons, heterostructures and their potential applications as photocatalysts for water splitting. It is highlighted that the two-dimensional (2D) O-phase MX monolayers not only are dynamically and thermally stable, but also exhibit distinguished optical properties (~105 cm−1) with broad absorption spectrum in the visible and ultraviolet light regions. Furthermore, it is noted that nano-structure designing can further modulate their electronic structures in desirable ways. For instance, the bandgap of O-phase GaTe is relevant to the width of 1D nanoribbon. On the other hand, the type-II InSe/GaTe and InTe/GaTe heterostructures confine the photo-generated electrons and holes at the opposite parts, which is beneficial for the separation of hydrogen and oxygen during the photocatalysis water splitting process.

On the long-cycle variability of the Algol OGLE-LMC-DPV-065 and its stellar, orbital, and disc parameters

OGLE-LMC-DPV-065 is an interacting binary whose double-hump long photometric cycle remains hitherto unexplained. We analyze photometric time series available in archive datasets spanning 124 years and present the analysis of new high-resolution spectra. A refined orbital period is found of 10\fd0316267 $\pm$ 0\fd0000056 without any evidence of variability. In spite of this constancy, small but significant changes in timings of the secondary eclipse are detected. We show that the long period continuously decreases from 350 to 218 days during 13 years, then remains almost constant for about 10 years. Our study of radial velocities indicates a circular orbit for the binary and yields a mass ratio of 0.203 $\pm$ 0.001. From the analysis of the orbital light curve we find that the system contains 13.8 and 2.81 \msun\ stars of radii 8.8 and 12.6 \rsun\ and absolute bolometric magnitudes -6.4 and -3.0, respectively. The orbit semi-major axis is 49.9 \rsun\ and the stellar temperatures are 25460 K and 9825 K. We find evidence for an optically and geometrically thick disk around the hotter star. According to our model, the disk has a radius of 25 \rsun, central and outer vertical thickness of 1.6 \rsun\ and 3.5 \rsun, and temperature of 9380 K at its outer edge. Two shock regions located at roughly opposite parts of the outer disk rim can explain the light curves asymmetries. The system is a member of the double periodic variables and its relatively high-mass and long photometric cycle make it similar in some aspects to $\beta$ Lyrae.

An example of principal component analysis application on climate change assessment

Climate change assessment is usually based upon air temperature and precipitation changes on an annual and seasonal basis, but there are more levels to their significance as presented by parameters derived from these two basic parameters. In order to define their relevance for climate changes, the principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. In this case, ten meteorological parameters and climate change indicators were defined for two meteorological stations located in geographically completely opposite parts of the country; station Osijek is in continental region of Croatia, and Dubrovnik station is located in the Mediterranean region. Analyses were done for the period 1985–2016 on an annual and seasonal basis. All defined indicators present basic climate change characteristics on annual and seasonal basis as follows: precipitation sum, mean air temperature, air temperature sum, standard deviation of daily air temperature, maximum daily air temperature, maximum daily precipitation, number of days with precipitation > 30 mm, number of days with no precipitation, 1-month standardized precipitation index, and aridity index. In the first step, it was applied on the set of linear regression coefficients defined for 10 climate change indicators. During the second step, PCA was applied on the computed Mann–Kendall test statistic, ZMK.in order to determine the existence of significant temporal tendencies in the indicator values. The provided research proves PCA is a very useful tool for implementing this approach, particularly in the Mediterranean region which shows high sensitivity to many variables important for climate characterization.

Ultrafast Spin Initialization in a Gated InSb Nanowire Quantum Dot

We propose a fast and accurate spin initialization method for a single electron trapped in an electrostatic quantum dot. The dot is created in a nanodevice composed of a catalytically grown indium antimonide (InSb) nanowire and nearby gates to which control voltages are applied. Initially we insert a single electron of arbitrary spin into the wire. Operations on spin are performed using the Rashba spin-orbit interaction induced by an electric field. First, a single pulse of voltages applied to lateral gates is used to split the electron wavepacket into two parts with opposite spin orientations. Next, another voltage pulse applied to the remaining gates rotates spins of both parts in opposite directions by $\pi/2$. This way, initially opposite spin parts eventually point in the same direction, along the axis of the quantum wire. We thus set spin in a predefined direction regardless of its initial orientation. This is achieved in time less than $60\,\mathrm{ps}$ without the use of microwaves, photons or external magnetic fields.