Opportunities Of Policy Research Articles

Exploring economic opportunities of the solid waste management policy in Zambia: Case study city of Ndola

This study investigates the economic implications of Zambia's Solid Waste Management Regulation Act 2018, particularly in Ndola. The Act, which integrates private sector engagement in waste management, has unfolded numerous entrepreneurial opportunities. Our research reveals how individuals, including marginalized groups like ex-convicts and single mothers, are transforming waste into a source of income. By scavenging landfills for recyclables, these individuals participate in an emerging value chain, selling waste to entities that repurpose it into economically viable products. This burgeoning sector is not only fostering self-employment but also generating formal jobs, especially for the youth, and contributing to the national economy through taxes and export revenues. The study highlights the dual benefits of this policy: environmental sustainability through reduced landfill waste, and socio-economic upliftment, as evidenced by decreased poverty levels and minimized disease outbreaks due to cleaner public spaces. However, challenges persist, such as the need for more structured waste sorting at landfills and better support systems for vulnerable waste collectors. Overall, the study underscores the transformative potential of waste management policies in fostering economic growth and environmental conservation.

Investigating the Impact and New Opportunities of Policy on the Development of Agricultural Cooperatives in China

The 31st session of the 12th National People's Congress Standing Committee passed the revised "Law of the People's Republic of China on Farmers' Professional Cooperatives" which came into effect on July 1, 2018. This law has introduced a series of supportive policies to promote the standardization and optimization of the cooperative environment. It has positive implications for the agricultural development in various provinces. This paper takes the cooperative as a unit of analysis, and explores the development of agriculture from both macro and micro perspectives in an integrated manner.

FINANCIAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS DIVIDEND POLICY OF THE COMPANY

The article is devoted to the financial and legal aspects of the dividend policy of companies in modern business conditions. Dividends are one of the most important sources of income for shareholders of companies, and the dividend policy, which determines the distribution of profits between shareholders and the company, is of great importance for investors, analysts, managers and other financial market participants. Today's conditions in which companies operate are characterized by uncertainty and rapidly changing market conditions. In such circumstances, the effectiveness of the company's dividend policy can greatly affect its financial performance and market value. Therefore, understanding the current trends and opportunities of the dividend policy is a key factor in successful corporate financial management. This article discusses the main aspects of the dividend policy, including its role in the corporate governance system, the specifics of the formation and modification of the dividend policy, taking into account legal restrictions and opportunities for the company

Benefits and Synergies in Addressing Climate Change via the Implementation of the Common Agricultural Policy in Greece

This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the effects of climate change on Greek agriculture, by evaluating and refining the current policy measures and interventions to address them through the lens and funding opportunities of the new Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) 2023–2027. To this end, we conducted a diagnostic analysis of the current strategic framework in Greece and provided policy recommendations around five key areas: education, consulting services, agri-food cooperation, coupling of innovation, and digitalization, as well as risk management on climate change. Overall, we found that the national strategic framework is consistent with the objectives and priorities of European policies regarding the environment and the climate, but targeted actions are needed to enable the management of the Greek agricultural sector while addressing the risks of climate change, environmental degradation, and the excessive use of natural resources. The findings highlight the importance of much-needed revisions in national strategic planning. We have suggested key interventions and actions for dealing with climate change with regards to Greek agriculture and the overarching goals of the new CAP to promote sustainability, knowledge, and innovation in the agri-food sector.

Strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities of local content policy, legal, and institutional framework in the upstream natural gas sector in Tanzania

Tanzania is expected to become a major exporter of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in the future, following the discovery of natural gas reserves totalling 57.25 trillion normal cubic feet (TCF). In Lindi, Tanzania, a proposal is being made to export two-train LNG, a US$ 30 billion liquefied natural gas (LNG) project. However, it's unclear whether the existing LCP will be enough to prevent Tanzania from following in the footsteps of other resource-rich African countries, such as Algeria, Egypt, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Somalia, which have all experienced resource-related wars, disputes, crises, and conflicts. Therefore, this paper critically assesses the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities in the Tanzanian upstream natural gas sector's local content policy, legal, and institutional framework.A qualitative study was conducted utilising a SWOT analysis on local content policy, legal, and institutional framework on the national level. The authors used the SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis to conduct a narrative document review and literature review. The SWOT approach is well-structured and enables both descriptive and cross-sectional qualitative studies. In addition, the SWOT analysis helps draw a portrait of how challenging it is to establish and implement suitable policies, institutional frameworks, and regulations adapted to local needs.The study finds that Tanzania's legal, policy, and institutional framework for local content in the upstream natural gas industry offers various strengths and opportunities; it also has several weaknesses and threats that must be addressed. First, Tanzania's local content policy, regulatory, and institutional frameworks failed to consider the actual state of Tanzanian industry or indigenous Tanzanian firms' preparedness and industrial capacity. Second, Tanzania's local content is limited by a lack of government coordination with other oil and gas government agencies and other stakeholders. Prioritising local suppliers is part of the local content policy, which also eases evaluation criteria for local firms. The fundamental institutions at stake are the rule of law, bureaucratic quality, government corruption, and the risk of expropriation and contract repudiation. Finally, unregulated lobbying can lead to regulatory capture by special interests or limited policy options. These findings apply to any context and can be utilised by decision-makers, managers, experts, and other stakeholders to focus on significant concerns and identify areas that need to be addressed.

Sacrifice Zones and Socio-environmental Recovery in Chile: Failures and opportunities of the environmental policy

Resumen En este artículo analizamos los Planes de Recuperación Social y Ambiental implementados por el Estado de Chile en las comunas denominadas zonas de sacrificio. Desde los aportes de la justicia ambiental y los debates respecto a la participación y la gobernanza que esta política involucra, damos cuenta de las contradicciones y dificultades para la transformación de los territorios dañados por la intensificación de actividades extractivistas, principalmente minero-energéticas. Concluimos mostrando cómo estas limitaciones y fallas de la política estatal ambiental se relacionan con la disociación de lo ambiental y social, -a través de la subvaloración de esta última-; la comprensión instrumental de la participación como una herramienta tecno-burocrática para fines estatales; y las tensiones generadas por un modelo de gobernanza ambiental neoliberal. Finalmente planteamos la necesidad de pensar el concepto de zona de sacrificio vinculado a la recuperación socioambiental como propuesta desde los territorios para la transición hacia zonas de recuperación.

Does low-carbon city pilot affect the enterprise competitiveness in China? Based on a staggered difference-in-difference model.

China has recently instituted the low-carbon city pilot (LCCP) policy in target areas to control its greenhouse gas emissions. Studies examining those environmental regulations have not focused on how they affect enterprise competitiveness, especially emphasizing the LCCP's dynamic effect. Here, we use the quasi-experimental opportunities of the LCCP policy along with a staggered difference-in-difference model to evaluate and explain the influences and transmission mechanisms of the LCCP policy on enterprise competitiveness. The empirical results show that (1) the construction of low-carbon cities significantly reduces, by 3.56%, the average enterprise competitiveness. Also, capital-intensive and small firms are more susceptible to adverse effects from the LCCP policy, but those effects weaken with time. (2) The LCCP policy affects enterprise competitiveness by increasing operating costs and reducing R&D. (3) However, those adverse effects can be suppressed when a region's degree of marketization is high and industry competition is fierce. Although our results show that the LCCP policy indeed brings more significant economic costs, those economic distortions can weaken through market-based reforms and improved market competition.

Policymakers Take Notice of Bioeconomy's Potential

Policymakers Take Notice of Bioeconomy's Potential

Stimulating innovation in Russia: Limitations and opportunities of tax policy

The purpose of the study is to identify institutional and regulatory restrictions and the possibilities of using instruments of tax policy in Russia to stimulate innovative activity of enterprises. The article examines the importance of institutional constraints and factors of innovative development. The factor of international tax competition in the sphere of innovation is investigated, and the data of international trade in innovative services are analyzed. Based on the data of tax and statistical reports in Russia and data from the financial statements of the largest Russian companies, the analysis of the actual demand for key instruments of tax regulation of R&D in Russia has been carried out. It is concluded that there are shortcomings that do not allow to fully use the potential of existing measures on income tax to stimulate innovative activity. Among the main shortcomings we identify: the lack of focus, complex regulation and administration, a limited scope of the applied incentives to R&D on corporate income tax. This makes the current tax incentives inaccessible to a wide range of taxpayers and leads to an outflow of resources from Russia to foreign countries with better regulatory conditions.

БЕДНОСТЬ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19: СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ (ЧАСТЬ 2. ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ПРИЧИНЫ БЕДНОСТИ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ)

The article dea丨s with the problem of pandemic poverty in the context of public po丨icy and internationa丨 relations. The re丨evance of the topic is due to the growing number of needy popu丨ation on the p丨anet in conditions of COVID-19 and the need for policy measures to reduce it. The object of the study: the phenomenon of poverty in the context of the pandemic. The subject of the research: the main political factors influencing the dynamics of poverty in the context of the pandemic. The aim of the study is to identify the potential of public policy and internationa丨 relations in the fight against poverty in the context of the pandemic. The research objectives are the following: 1) to clarify the categorical apparatus of poverty research, 2) to give a system characteristic of the features of the world community in the XX-XXI centuries, which changed the phenomenon of consumption,3) to analyze the influence of international relations on the dynamics of poverty during the pandemic, 4) to determine the difficulties and opportunities of Russian state policy aimed at overcoming poverty in the conditions of the pandemic■丨n the study a systemic approach, formational, stadia丨-civilizational, anthropological and logical methods have been used. As a result of the poverty study and the current political situation in the world, scientists defined the concept of poverty, its criteria, presented a classification of its types and causes, as well as ways to combat it. The impact of the pandemic on the growth of poverty has been analyzed, the main contradictions in modern international relations were identified. The author's scientific contribution consists in the analysis of the main political factors of influence on the dynamics of poverty in the pandemic. The author's contribution is represented by the following results. If before the middle of the XX century the technical and technological causes of poverty were the determining ones, in the modern society the political causes of poverty dominate. In the conditions of the pandemic, such traditional political factors of negative impact on the dynamics of poverty, as a high level of corruption in the field of management and instability in international relations, distracting a huge part of the budget to the sphere of defense are intensified. This article is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the social analysis of poverty and its causes in the XX-XXI centuries. The second part presents an analysis of the political factors influencing the dynamics of poverty in the pandemic

БЕДНОСТЬ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19: СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ (ЧАСТЬ 1. БЕДНОСТЬ И ЕЁ ПРИЧИНЫ В XX-XXI ВВ.)

The article deals with the problem of pandemic poverty in the context of public policy and international relations. The relevance of the topic is due to the growing number of needy population on the planet in conditions of COVID-19 and the need for policy measures to reduce it. Object of the study: the phenomenon of poverty in the context of the pandemic. Subject of the research: the main political factors influencing the dynamics of poverty in the context of the pandemic. Objective of the study: to identify the potential of public policy and international relations in the fight against poverty in the context of the pandemic. Research objectives: 1) to clarify the categorical apparatus of poverty research, 2) to give a system characteristic of the features of the world community in the XX-XXI centuries, which changed the phenomenon of consumption, 3) to analyze the influence of international relations on the dynamics of poverty during the pandemic, 4) to determine the difficulties and opportunities of Russian state policy aimed at overcoming poverty in the conditions of the pandemic. The study used a systemic approach, formational, stadial-civilizational, anthropological and logical methods. As a result of studies of poverty and the current political situation in the world, scientists defined the concept of poverty, its criteria, presented a classification of its types and causes, as well as ways to combat it. The impact of the pandemic on the growth of poverty was analyzed, the main contradictions in modern international relations were identified. The author's scientific contribution consists in the analysis of the main political factors of influence on the dynamics of poverty in the pandemic. The author's contribution is represented by the following results. If before the middle of the XX century the technical and technological causes of poverty were the determining ones, in the modern society the political causes of poverty dominate. In the conditions of the pandemic, such traditional political factors of negative impact on the dynamics of poverty, as a high level of corruption in the field of management and instability in international relations, distracting a huge part of the budget to the sphere of defense are intensified. This article is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the social analysis of poverty and its causes in the XX-XXI centuries. The second part presents an analysis of the political factors influencing the dynamics of poverty in the pandemic

Strengths, Weaknesses, and Opportunities of Local Content Policy, Legal, and Institutional Framework in the Upstream Natural Gas Sector in Tanzania

Strengths, Weaknesses, and Opportunities of Local Content Policy, Legal, and Institutional Framework in the Upstream Natural Gas Sector in Tanzania

Discovering research trends and opportunities of green finance and energy policy: A data-driven scientometric analysis

With the promotion of the concept of green development on a global scale, various industries are pursuing high profit returns while also considering the harmony between human and nature. Green finance is put forward under this background. In this paper, 815 green finance and energy policy literatures are retrieved from the Web of Science database. We first carry out descriptive statistical analysis, including the overall growth, publication sources, research regions and high-level scientific research institutions. After that, we conduct clusters analysis to find the research hotspots in recent years and point out the research trends in the future. Important journals, scholars, research findings and future research focuses of green finance and energy policy are identified in this paper. The purpose of this paper is to promote the research and discussion of green finance, and to conduct a clear policy-related discussion on its impact on the energy field. Four possible green finance-related energy policies are also summarized. This research facilitates a systematic and comprehensive understanding of green finance and energy policy research, and offers that green bonds, government subsidies and carbon dioxide emissions are the research opportunities in the future, and further research can be done by combining Fintech, big data and blockchain.

ANTI-CRISIS FACTORS OF COMPETITIVENESS OF SERVICE SECTOR ENTERPRISES

The transformation of the socio-economic conditions of the functioning of service enterprises caused by the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting economic crisis, actualize the study of the possibilities of ensuring their competitiveness. The article gives the analysis of the genesis and development of the content of the category of enterprise competitiveness in the basic concepts of economic theory. The author proposes a definition of the competitiveness of a service enterprise. The paper analyses traditional basic factors of enterprise competitiveness as well as substantiates the anti-crisis factors of maintaining the competitive maintenance of a service sector enterprise in the context of the current economic crisis related to the COVID-19 pandemic, such as: digitalization of business and the process of providing services, customer focus, virtualization of the workforce, cybersecurity, and the use of opportunities of the state anti-crisis policy.

Challenges and opportunities of Kazakhstan's migration policy

The article assesses the implementation of migration policy of Kazakhstan over the past twenty years based on analysis of previously adopted and/or current legal acts, government programs and concepts. In addition, it analyzes the impact of socio-economic conditions on migration processes on the example of EAEU member states and Kazakhstan, since according to official data the majority of the country’s population emigrate to Russia and Belarus. The result of the analysis revealed the main reasons for the low level of efficiency in the implementation of the migration policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. New approaches have been proposed to regulate migration activities aimed at improving the quality of life of migrants and improving the socio-economic conditions of the indigenous population in order to reduce the outflow of highly qualified specialists from the country. This research is funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. АР05136246)

Challenges and Opportunities of the Establishment ASEAN Open Skies Policy

Open skies policy is a concept of free market of airline industry. It eliminates single government’s influence in regulation and management of aviation industry. As implemented by the ASEAN Single Aviation Market (ASEAN-SAM) per 2015, the open skies policy aims to increase regional connectivity and regional economic growth by permitting airline industries from each ASEAN member states to fly above the Southeast Asian region without any barriers or restrictions. This policy has raised pros and cons from each ASEAN member state. Indonesia and some other states are still reluctant to adopt the open skies policy. By entering into commercial agreement to open their airspace, each member states will challenge their state sovereignty over the airspace above a state’s territory. This study argues that regional open skies policy provides greater economic advantages for the consumers of airline industry. However, this policy does not parallel to the basic principles of ASEAN. State sovereignty must be preserved in the liberalization that open skies represents. ASEAN Way, though inflexible, assigns member states with full sovereignty, which does not limit open skies policy implementation. This study, then, proposed legal framework through model of regional agreement to compromise between the state sovereignty principles and the regional open skies policy.

Bilingual Educational Policy in Georgia: Can it Benefit the Process of Integration of Society?

This article reviews the educational policy for the integration of society in Georgia. It is an analytical research paper on the current situation of ethnic minority education in Georgia. The problems and opportunities of bilingual education policy are analysed in the article. The content analysis research method was utilised in the study. The author argues that bilingual education is a crucial tool for the integration of Georgian society; however, local control, involvement, and context are crucial in the implementation of a national bilingual educational programme. The changes on the political, institutional and pedagogical levels of bilingual education are necessary for the successful implementation of bilingual education reform.

The challenges and opportunities of climate change policy under different stages of economic development

Climate change policy confronts with many challenges and opportunities. Thus the aim of this study was to analyse the impact of gross domestic product (hereinafter GDP), trade, foreign direct investment (hereinafter FDI), energy efficiency (hereinafter EF) and renewable energy (hereinafter RE) consumption on greenhouse gas (hereinafter GHG) emissions in 1990–2013 and reveal the main challenges and opportunities of climate policy for which policy makers should take the most attention under different stages of economic development. The results showed that the economic growth significantly contributed to the increase of GHG emissions and remains the main challenge in all groups of countries. Analysing the trade impact on pollution, the results revealed that the growth of export (hereinafter EX) significantly reduced GHG emissions only in high income countries. However, the export remains a challenge in low income countries. FDI insignificantly determined the changes in GHG emissions in all groups of countries. Meanwhile, energy efficiency and share of renewable energy consumption are the main opportunities of climate change policy because they reduce the GHG emissions in all groups of countries. Thus, technological processes, the increase of energy efficiency and the shift from carbon to renewable energy sources are the main tools implementing the climate change policy in all countries despite the different stage of economic development.

International Development Policy Structures for Cooperation in Science, Technology and Education in Hungary

In the context of Hungarian development policy, scientific and educational cooperation has a key role. The primary aim of this paper is to give an overview of the significant elements of the current international development cooperation and international humanitarian activities in Hungary. Secondly, it analyses, in a dimensional approach, the opportunities of policy and organisational structures and funding mechanisms for science, technology and innovation in developing countries. This article recommends more subtle ways of reforming political decisions that could support innovation with a deeper insight into some aspects of Hungarian “best practices”. Finally, it touches upon issues of tertiary education including the identification of funding instruments and interactions between the private sector and government actors.

Conference focuses on challenges, opportunities in key Earth science and policy topics

In our rapidly changing world, integrating Earth and space science into policy is vital to supporting our economy, public safety, and national security. One way in which AGU is striving to bridge the science and policy fields is through discussions and collaborations at the AGU Science Policy Conference. This inaugural conference, held in May 2012 in Washington, D. C., featured experts from government, industry, academia, and nonprofits. The goal of this new conference is to ensure diverse discussions and viewpoints on the challenges and opportunities of science policy, with a focus on applications of Earth and space science that serve local, national, and international communities.