Opportunities For Cooperation Research Articles

Using applied social science disciplines to implement creative outdoor cat management solutions and avoid the trap of one-size-fits-all policies.

In the United States, policy conflicts have prevented successful population-level management of outdoor cats for decades. Wildlife conservation professionals have sought widespread use of humane dispatch (i.e., lethal culling applied humanely), whereas cat welfare professionals have promoted trap-neuter-return (TNR) (cats are trapped, neutered, and returned to the outdoors). These conflicts represent a policy panacea trap, which we argue drives many conservation conflicts. In these situations, the focus on defending a one-size-fits-all policy fails to account for the value differences that shape the different understandings of the problem and desired outcomes associated with each policy, as well as complexities in the social-ecological system. Over the past 5years, a group of wildlife conservation and cat welfare professionals codeveloped a set of products that have started to be used to help organizations break out of the policy panacea trap. We used a case study to illustrate how efforts grounded in applied social science disciplines, such as science communication, social-ecological systems, and conservation marketing, can help identify a more robust set of policy options tailored to local management and cultural contexts for successful implementation. Shifting the focus to embrace a shared understanding of the broader system helped us identify areas for collaboration, broaden the policy toolbox, and allow space for policy tools originally framed as opposing panaceas. This work helped prepare all parties to have difficult but productive discussions and address shared policy needs. We suggest that many value-based conservation conflicts would benefit from similar efforts that use applied social science to transform how conflict is addressed, moving beyond policy panaceas that end in stalemate to develop shared understandings of context-specific policies, and to identify opportunities for creative cooperation that yield real conservation progress.

Значение китайско-российского стратегического сотрудничества для развития многостороннего взаимодействия в рамках ШОС и БРИКС

In the context of global changes, the deepening of multilateral strategic cooperation between Russia and China has become an important area of demonstrating the universal value and fundamental importance of comprehensive cooperation between countries in a new era. The challenges of our time associated with protracted regional conflicts, changing paradigms of international communication, management dilemmas, a lack of strategic mutual trust, and changes in the perception of the role of each country necessitate joint efforts by states to mitigate them. It is emphasized that the SCO and BRICS mechanisms can be used for this purpose, with some adjustments. On the one hand, it is important to harmonize the management focus and functional boundaries of the SCO, to use the complementary strengths and innovative potential of the countries in the activities of the association. On the other hand, it is necessary to enhance the environmental sustainability of states and the strength of their cooperation within BRICS, to standardize the various requirements of participants and ensure the merger of their interests, to explore opportunities for cooperation based on the Sino-Russian experience and use them to develop a strategy of multilateral interaction aimed at conducting constructive reforms and establishing a multipolar international order on an equitable basis.

The Biomedicine Project Course: Promoting Young Scientists at School and University

This article presents a cooperation project between science and schools, which aims to provide high-achieving students with initial research experience at university and at the same time to encourage these students to take up medical or scientific courses of study. This is linked to the university's perspective of being able to attract potentially outstanding young scientists, especially in biomedical research. Thus, the project offers a win-win effect for all parties involved from school and university (Irmer, 2012). Feedback from an online survey of participating project students illustrates that even high demands can be motivating for students if the offer meets the students' interest and leads to experiences of self-efficacy. This article is intended to encourage the search for such opportunities for cooperation between schools and universities and to focus more strongly on their importance in generating young scientists.

Digital knowledge management effect on enterprise technological innovation: an empirical study from China’s manufacturing industry

ABSTRACT With digital technology permeating across the layers of businesses, digital knowledge management has emerged, transforming the means through which companies acquire, integrate, share, and innovatively apply knowledge. However, the specific impact of digital knowledge management on corporate technological innovation remains unclear. Based on dynamic capabilities theory, this study delves into how digital knowledge management influences corporate technological innovation. Analyzing data from manufacturing companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2007 to 2021, this study confirms that digital knowledge management significantly and positively affects corporate technological innovation by enhancing a company's absorptive capacity, adaptability, and innovation ability. Based on the findings, this study suggests that companies should leverage digital knowledge management to acquire and integrate external innovative resources, seek cooperation opportunities with external stakeholders, and jointly build a mutually beneficial innovation knowledge network, thereby boosting technological innovation capabilities. Additionally, companies should encourage employees to learn digital technologies and create a culture conducive to learning and innovation.

Standardization method, testing scenario, and accuracy of the infrared prediction model affect the standardization accuracy of milk mid-infrared spectra

The widespread use of milk mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy for phenotype prediction has urged the application of prediction models across regions and countries. Spectra standardization is the most effective way to reduce the variability in the spectral signal provided by different instruments and labs. This study aimed to develop different standardization models for MIR spectra collected by multiple instruments, across 2 provinces of China, and investigate whether the standardization method (piecewise direct standardization, PDS, and direct standardization, DS), testing scenario (standardization of spectra collected on the same day or after 7 mo), infrared prediction model accuracy (high or low), and instrument (6 instruments from 2 brands) affect the performance of the standardization model. The results showed that the determination coefficient (R2) between absorbance values at each wavenumber provided by the primary and the secondary instruments increased from less than 0.90 to nearly 1.00 after standardization. Both PDS and DS successfully reduced spectra variation among instruments, and performed significantly better than non-standardization (P < 0.05). However, DS was more prone to overfitting than PDS. Standardization accuracy was higher when tested using spectra collected on the same time compared with those collected 7 mo after (P < 0.05), but great improvement in model transferability was obtained for both scenarios compared with the non-standardized spectra. The less accurate infrared prediction model (for C8:0 and C10:0 content) benefited the most (P < 0.05) from spectra standardization compared with the more accurate model (for total fat and protein content). For spectra collected after 7 mo from standardization, after PDS the RMSE between predictions obtained by different machines decreased on average by 86 and 94% compared with the values before standardization, for C8:0 and C10:0 respectively. The secondary instrument had no significant effect on the R2 between predictions (P > 0.05). The variation in the spectral signal provided by different instruments was successfully reduced by standardization across 2 provinces in China. This study lays the foundations for developing a national MIR spectra database to provide consistent predictions across provinces to be used in dairy farm management and breeding programs in China. Besides, this provides opportunities for data exchange and cooperation at international levels.

National security as a comprehensive notion, state security from the aspect of international law and its political manifesto

Abstract Although the perception of state security differs from country to country, it tends to be a single document, addressing at least three basic themes: The role of the state in the international system; the challenges and opportunities perceived inside and outside the country and; the responsibilities of implementation actors to address these challenges and opportunities. The first theme seeks to define the state’s vision for the international system, as well as the role played by the state in that system. This requires to take into account the interests and values of the state, structures, management and decision-making processes. This usually culminates in a long-term vision where the future state and society belong. Another topic is risk assessment, current and future opportunities. In theory this should include both internal and external risks although in practice many National Security Policy focus on external risks and opportunities. Attitudes and preferences are also politically addressed as they connect with international security partners, which can lead to the emergence of opportunities for cooperation. Historically speaking, national security as a concept is an idea of modern society, the first premises of the concept of national security date back to the 17th century during the Thirty Years’ War in Europe and the Civil War in England. In 1648, the Peace of Westphalia was concluded, in which the foundations were laid for the idea that the nation or state should have control and sovereignty not only in matters of religion, but also in external security. The idea of the nation state is common today, let’s say that all the countries of the world are nation states, however it would be wrong to assume that this is the only way to ensure national security in isolation from international security. The pre-Westphalian international system was based on the assumption that there was a universal principle governing the affairs of states led by emperors, popes, kings and princes. That was indeed the principle of the Holy Roman Empire. This idea was challenged by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), who revived the idea of a universal principle not in the old religious context, but of a secular (non-religious) state inspired by the Enlightenment. National states must subordinate their national interests to universal interests for the common good and be guided by international law. Thus, was born a secular view of the institution of the state over the nation, through which international affairs are managed, which today is reflected in the global worldview of liberalism, internationalism and is more clearly manifested under the auspices of the United Nations (UN). The new idea of the nation state had a different approach. Peace and stability would be better served if people did not kill each other, but were guided by a universal principle. It would be far better to have an international system based on a balance of nation states committed to limited national goals. When we talk about the security components of the state, we need to know what the state actually is and what the security risk factors that threaten it are. In this sense, when it comes to security risks, the biggest threat is aggression. The state is the basic and most important form of organization of any class society. A state is a territory with its inhabitants, which the government holds under its authority in a uniquely compact way. The National Security Policy (NSP) is a framework document that describes how the country provides security for the country and its citizens and is often presented as a generalized document. This document can also be called a plan, strategy, concept or doctrine. NSP has a role for the present and for the future, because it outlines the basic interests of the country and defines guidelines for dealing with risks and current and future opportunities. Of course, NSPs are in a superior hierarchy to other security policies, such as military doctrine, internal security strategy, etc., which deal with agency-based national security or specific issues. The NSP is also distinguished by this policy from a number of topics it deals with and tries to outline both internal and external risks. Finally, it tries to integrate and coordinate the contributions of national security actors in relation to the interests and risks that are considered most important. Some countries, such as the United Kingdom, France and China, do not have a separate and unique NSP document, but rely on defense policy or in “white papers” - project policy documents, which focus only on national protection. Many states do not publish their policy documents or do not have written comprehensive policies for security or protection.

The impact of e-commerce on traditional retail model in India

Unquestionably, the explosive growth of e-commerce in India has changed the nation's retail environment. E-commerce platforms provide customers with unmatched ease, a wide range of products, affordable prices, and the flexibility to evaluate possibilities while lounging in their own homes. Due of this, consumer behaviour has changed significantly, and traditional brick and mortar establishments have become less common. This abstract examines the various ways in which India's traditional retail industry has been impacted by the e-commerce revolution. It examines the difficulties traditional stores confront in competing with the online behemoths, including their restricted reach, increased operating expenses, and difficulties. It also looks at the attractive potential that e-commerce offers traditional companies, such growing their clientele, cutting costs, and simplifying processes. The abstract goes into additional detail about the tactics that conventional merchants might use to prosper in this new environment. Success requires embracing omnichannel tactics, establishing a strong online presence, offering a unique in-store experience, and utilizing technology. In the Indian retail sector, the combination of e-commerce and conventional models offers exciting prospects for innovation and customer-centric strategies. This study analyzes how the rise of e-commerce platforms has changed consumer preferences, market trends, and competitive dynamics through a combination of qualitative and quantitative research approaches. Utilizing conceptual models from the literature on technology adoption, marketing, and economics, it pinpoints the main forces and barriers affecting traditional retailers' acceptance of e-commerce and the ensuing restructuring of the retail sector. In-depth reviews of the body of previous research are included in the study, along with original data gathered through surveys, interviews, and case studies. Combining theoretical concepts with empirical data, this thesis offers a thorough understanding of the intricate interactions that exist between online and offline retail channels, highlighting opportunities for cooperation as well as synergies and conflicts.

Islamist Networks in Southeast Asia

Before we examine the Islamist networks in Southeast Asia, we need to clarify what we mean by Islamism and jihadism. These are two related but distinct concepts that often cause confusion and misunderstanding. Islamism is a political ideology that seeks to apply Islamic principles and values to public life. Jihadism is a militant strategy that uses violence and armed struggle to achieve Islamic goals. Islamism and jihadism are not synonymous, nor are they mutually exclusive. There are different types of Islamists and jihadists, and they do not always agree or cooperate with each other. We will also discuss some of the challenges and opportunities for dialogue and cooperation among Muslims and non-Muslims in the region, as well as the implications for regional and global security. The Islamist networks in Southeast Asia are diverse and complex, and they draw their inspiration and influence from various sources and categories of Islamist and jihadist ideologies.

India’s Foreign Policy Towards Pakistan: 2019-2024

Abstract: India's foreign policy towards Pakistan from 2019 to 2024 was characterized by a nuanced approach that balanced diplomatic engagement with assertive measures to address security concerns. India consistently emphasized the need for Pakistan to take concrete action against cross-border terrorism and terrorist infrastructure. This approach was evident in various diplomatic initiatives, such as the Kartarpur Corridor, aimed at fostering dialogue and people-to-people contacts. However, progress towards meaningful reconciliation was hindered by persistent tensions, particularly regarding the status of Jammu and Kashmir. India's decision to revoke Jammu and Kashmir's special autonomous status in August 2019 further escalated tensions with Pakistan.Despite occasional offers for dialogue, including during multilateral forums, progress remained limited due to Pakistan's continued support for terrorist groups and cross-border infiltration. India also pursued a policy of international isolation against Pakistan, highlighting its role in sponsoring terrorism and seeking support from major global powers to pressurize Pakistan into taking decisive action against terrorist organizations. Overall, India's foreign policy towards Pakistan during this period aimed to balance the imperatives of national security and regional stability while exploring opportunities for dialogue and cooperation.

Challenges and opportunities for waste picker cooperatives during the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparative case study of 3 cooperatives in Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Challenges and opportunities for waste picker cooperatives during the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparative case study of 3 cooperatives in Sao Paulo State, Brazil

The Impacts of Small Games on Sino-American Relations

Small incidents between superpowers may inadvertently affect their diplomatic behaviors, like the Butterfly Effect, pushing their international relations in another direction. This is the case with "Pelosi's Visit to Taiwan" and the "U.S.-China Balloon Incident" on the Sino-American relationship. As the most complicated bilateral relationship in the world today, the reaction of the two superpowers will have a significant impact on the entire world landscape. Despite the historical legacy and the different nature of their societies, which have led to differences in a number of areas, the two sides continue to seek opportunities for cooperation in various fields. The evolving Sino-US relations with peace as the main theme should be trusted by the whole world. This paper analyzes these two small events by using the theoretical knowledge of Realism, Constructivism, and International Political Economy in the Science of International Politics to explore the implied meanings behind them and the reasons why the two superpowers responded in this way.

Optimal resource allocation in hierarchical organizations under uncertainty: An interval-valued n-person cooperative game approach

In many real production scenarios, departmental organizations often exhibit a hierarchical structure, where departments cooperate with subordinate departments to optimize resource allocation and maximize their respective benefits. However, due to a lack of information or data, many model parameters in the allocation process cannot be precisely defined. In response to this challenge, an interval n-person hierarchical resource allocation model is proposed to achieve maximum economic benefit in uncertain environments. Based on the concepts of satisfactory degrees of comparing intervals and interval-valued cores of interval-valued n-person cooperative games, an auxiliary nonlinear programming model and method are developed to solve the interval-valued cores of such cooperative games. The approach explicitly considers the inclusion and/or overlap relations between intervals, whereas the traditional interval ranking method may not guarantee the existence of interval-valued cores. The proposed method offers cooperative opportunities under uncertain conditions. Finally, the feasibility and applicability of the models and methods are demonstrated through a numerical example and comparison with other methods.

Current state and prospects of the Chinese gas market

The purpose of the study. Analyze the state of the Chinese gas market, the relationship between the problem of imported gas supplies and economic factors for the chain of the Chinese gas industry.Methodology. The research is based on the methods of an economic and mathematical model for the efficiency of natural gas transportation, a weighted average multi-index indicator, analysis of statistical data, study of scientific and journalistic literature. The value of research. The authors of the article identified topical issues of ensuring energy security, considering the trends of the global and Chinese gas market and the opportunity for further international cooperation. The recommendations proposed by the authors are of real importance for understanding the Chinese gas market.The results of the study. The authors of the article analyzed data on the demand and consumption of natural gas in China, as well as on the indices of the supplier countries in recent years. It is concluded that the Chinese gas market has great potential for the development of energy cooperation, and China also concluded that it is highly dependent on imports in the structure of gas consumption. Pipeline gas is an important source of natural gas imports to China and one of the main guarantees of energy security. Based on the results of the analysis, the prospects of cooperation between China and such supplier countries as Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Russia in the gas industry are substantiated.

Strengthening Human Resource Management in a Competitive Market to Assess Cooperative Opportunities and Challenges 4.0 in 2045 Indonesian Economy Battle

Through strengthening the role of human resource management in dealing with changes in the market environment facing the 4.0 competition war in the Indonesian economy in 2045, which causes changes in all aspects of digitalization that occur in cooperative organizations, the purpose of this study is to conduct a study of the opportunities and challenges facing cooperatives in the industrial era 4.0. The alterations also call for business intelligence in evaluating high-tech developments in the interchange of knowledge relating to design and innovation, as well as information collected from the behaviour of suppliers and customers, which will be continuously transmitted in Industry 4.0. The research method that was used for this study was the troubling method approach, which involves an in-depth examination of causal relationships, listening to information from a variety of parties, and the discovery of appropriate solution ideas through a narrative study that is articulated qualitatively. According to the findings of this study, the formation of cooperatives in Indonesia has yet to reach its full potential and still needs to be strengthened in terms of planning and funding. This breakthrough will become the foundation upon which the Indonesian economy will be built in 2045 to attain economic goals based on cooperative endeavours. Because of this, cooperatives want confidence regarding their place in the ecosystem of the digital platform transformation, which necessitates tight collaboration that is mutually advantageous for both the suppliers and the customers.

Сurrent International Situation and Opportunities for Financial Cooperation Between Russia and China

The article analyzes in detail the current international situation and possibilities of financial cooperation between Russia and China in the new normal functioning of the world economy. As a result, of the reorientation of Russian foreign trade, the share of the yuan in international trade calculations, domestic and international trade operations of Russia continues to grow. Under these conditions the question of how the Russian economy can get a steady, safe and affordable flow of capital to promote economic structural reforms and optimize the placement of debt currency, as well as how Russian enterprises and financial institutions can get yuan liquidity into their own hands, is becoming an important element of Chinese- Russian financial cooperation in the near future. In the future, Chinese-Russian financial cooperation may continue in the following directions: speedup of the connection of the Chinese payment system CIPS with the Russian SPFS, the creation of an offshore conversion center in yuan in Russia, assistance to the capital management agencies and investment banks of the two countries in conducting preliminary research to enter each other's capital markets, speedup of the construction of a regional currency system through multilateral cooperation mechanisms such as the SCO and BRICS.

Research on Market Competition and Cooperation Opportunities in the Cultural Industries of China, Japan, and Korea

With the deep development of global cultural exchange, the cultural industry, as an important manifestation of soft power, has become a focus of competition among countries. China, Japan, and Korea, geographically close with rich cultural traditions, each have their distinctive cultural industries that have developed rapidly, forming their unique competitive advantages. Japan, with its exquisite craftsmanship and innovative thinking, leads in fields such as animation and design, and its cultural products are beloved by consumers worldwide. Korea has opened up international markets with its innovative production and marketing strategies in pop culture and film, becoming a new force in the global cultural industry. China, with its long history and rich cultural resources, has made significant achievements in investment and creation in the cultural industry in recent years, becoming a global cultural industry hub. However, with the increasing openness of the cultural market and intensified competition, the cultural industries of China, Japan, and Korea face unprecedented challenges. How to further enhance market competitiveness and explore international markets while maintaining their own characteristics has become a focus of attention for the cultural industries and governments of the three countries. Through strengthening cooperation and exchange, the cultural industries of China, Japan, and Korea can certainly shine brighter in the global market, making greater contributions to the cultural prosperity of Asia and the world.

The Impact of Social Media on The Social Values: Field Study on UAE society

Information technology significantly affects the lives of individuals, unlike traditional methods of social communication. Globalization and its technological tools have led to rapid communication between individuals and societies, openness to others, and the transfer of information. Therefore, this study came to investigate the question: What is the role of social media programs in changing the values of cooperation and respect in Emirati society? Through the descriptive approach, a random sample of 50 individuals from the city of Abu Dhabi in the Emirates was surveyed to identify the role of technology in spreading social values. After analyzing the data using The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) V. 26, the results showed that using social media programs increases the opportunities for cooperation among individuals while being aware of the privacy and security of their information when using these programs. On the other hand, the respondents’ opinions showed a low level of respect among social media users.

Smart Strategies for Managing Regional Assets: Best Practices in Increase Local Revenue

This study aims to analyze the optimization of asset management consisting of the process of planning, implementing, and supervising regional property. The research method uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological orientation. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using interactive models. The results showed weaknesses in the stages of planning, implementation, and supervision of assets. Therefore, the strategy to increase regional original revenue (PAD) through the optimization of regional property (BMD), the Gorontalo Provincial Government can take a series of innovation-oriented actions including: 1) A comprehensive asset audit of all assets owned including land, buildings, facilities, and inventory. This audit should include an assessment of the value, condition, and potential reuse. 2) Development of an asset management plan. 3) Involving private parties and communities to identify opportunities for cooperation in asset management. 4) Utilization of software technology to help monitor inventory, maintenance, and sustainability of assets. 5) Data-driven asset management by identifying new trends, market needs, and revenue potential to aid smarter decision-making processes related to asset utilization. 6) Promotion and marketing of assets that can be carried out by regional apparatus organizations (OPD) if they have facilities that can be leased or used commercially to help increase revenue. 7) Improved policies and regulations including procedures for leasing, maintaining, and reusing assets, as clear and flexible policies can support innovation and better asset utilization. The weakness in this study is mainly localisation, which is related to areas that predominantly prioritize local cultural values as the main foundation in their interaction with the surrounding environment. This is due to limitations in consideration of cultural variations that may exist outside the scope of those regions in this study. Therefore, the results of this study require careful consideration when applied in areas that have different cultural diversity or backgrounds.&#x0D; Keywords: goverment entities, asymmetric behavior, stabilization

Analisis Sektor Basis Ekonomi Potensial dan Peluang Kerjasama Regional (Kabupaten Ende - Kabupaten Ngada)

This study aims to find out (1) What economic sector is the basic sector in Ende and Ngada Regencies (2) What is the government's role in increasing the potential economic base and opportunities for cooperation in Ende and Ngada Regencies. The analytical tool used in this research is Location Questionnaire (LQ) analysis. The data used is secondary data in the form of GRDP values for Ende and Ngada Regencies and East Nusa Tenggara Province GRDP at constant prices in 2010 from 2017-2021. The results showed that there were seven (7) basic sectors in Ende Regency with an LQ &gt; 1, namely the Mining and Quarrying, Wholesale and Retail Trade sectors; Car and Motorcycle Repair, Real Estate, Corporate Services, Government Administration, Defense and Compulsory Social Security, Educational Services and Other Services. Meanwhile, there are eight (8) base sectors in Ngada Regency with LQ &gt; 1, namely Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery, Mining and Quarrying, Processing Industry, Water Procurement, Waste Management, Waste and Recycling, Construction, Financial Services and Insurance, Real Estate, Government Administration, Defense and Compulsory Social Security. Based on the percentage results of the two, Ende Regency has a score of 41.17% and Ngada Regency 47.0% which further strengthens local governments so that they need to cooperate for the two regions.

INTERNATIONAL VIEWS ON HOUSING RELATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

This article discusses current issues related to international views on housing relations in Kazakhstan. This topic is quite relevant because housing is a fundamental human right recognized by the United Nations, and all countries have an obligation to ensure their citizens have access to adequate housing. The Constitution of the Republic, the country’s housing legislation and international acts elevate housing to the rank of a vital value, establish the obligations of the state and the rights of citizens in this area that determine their content. These measures are aimed at creating conditions that guarantee an adequate level of housing provision, including through state support for citizens in particular need of housing. An analysis of the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan and international documents allows the author to draw a reasoned conclusion about the need to take a number of measures to improve the quality of housing in Kazakhstan, in accordance with international standards. An international perspective on housing law in Kazakhstan can provide valuable insight into the strengths and weaknesses of our country’s housing legal framework, as well as opportunities for cross-border cooperation and learning. Keywords: housing, housing relations, human rights, housing legislation, international standards.