Opinion Leaders Research Articles

The Influence of Key Opinion Leaders (KOLs) on Consumer Purchase Interest of Student in Bandung, Indonesia

This study aimed to determine how Key Opinion Leaders (KOLs) influence student buying interest in Greater Bandung, Indonesia. Respondents in this study came from vocational students and university students in Greater Bandung who have used social media. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method using statistical analysis in the form of validity and reliability tests, simple linear regression tests, correlation tests, and normality tests. The sample in this study amounted to 115 respondents. The data collection technique used was distributing questionnaires to respondents via Google Forms. The results showed that key opinion leaders have a significant effect on buying interest, which means that key opinion leaders can influence the buying interest of students in Greater Bandung, Indonesia.

An initial assessment of an opinion leader-informed intervention to improve concussion-related outcomes among middle school parents: a randomized controlled trial

Introduction There is a need for evidence-based prevention programming that can reduce head impacts and increase reporting and disclosure of concussion. This study assessed an intervention to decrease concussion risk and improve concussion management through improving concussion-related knowledge, attitudes, intentions, and self-efficacy among parents in the middle school (MS) sport setting. Patients and methods This randomized controlled trial (NCT04841473) examined parents of MS-aged children. Participants were randomized into one of two study arms: (1) CDC, which completed an education training module that compiled concussion education from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); and (2) TRAIN + CDC, which completed the CDC training module and an additional TRAIN educational module that provided strategies (originating from the Popular Opinion Leader framework) on communicating such information with one’s personal peer networks and children. Validated measures of concussion-related knowledge, attitudes, intentions, and self-efficacy were collected before completing the training modules and one week following completion. Linear mixed model analyses examined differences in outcomes between study arms. Results Overall, 103 parents completed the training modules and had valid pre- and post-intervention data (TRAIN + CDC n = 49; CDC n = 54). Analyses found that the study arms did not differ in the change scores from pre- to post-intervention across concussion-related outcomes. However, scores from pre- to post-intervention improved across both study arms for knowledge metrics, such as ‘Concussions are less likely to happen when athletes play by the rules of the sport’ (p < 0.001), and self-efficacy metrics, such as feeling confident in one’s knowledge and recognition of concussion symptoms (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Conclusions Although study arms did not differ in change scores from pre- to post-intervention, beneficial increases were nonetheless found across both knowledge and self-efficacy. Additional research is needed to further examine the beneficial manners in which concussion education can be best delivered and the most effective.

Streamlining the Journey of Research Into Clinical Practice: Making Your Patients and Practice Flourish Optimizing Management and Minimizing Risk of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures - Perspectives of the AO Spine KF Trauma and Infection Group Key Opinion Leaders.

Literature review with clinical recommendations. To highlight important studies about osteoporotic spinal fractures (OF) that may be integrated into clinical practice based on the assessment of the AO Spine KF Trauma and Infection group key opinion leaders. 4 important studies about OF that may affect current clinical practice of spinal surgeons were selected and reviewed with the aim of providing clinical recommendations to streamline the journey of research into clinical practice. Recommendations were graded as strong or conditional following the GRADE methodology. 4 studies were selected. Article 1: a validation of the Osteoporotic Fracture (OF)-score to treat OF fractures. Conditional recommendation to incorporate the OF score in the management of fractures to improve clinical results. Article 2: a randomized multicenter study comparing romosozumab/alendronate vs alendronate to decrease the incidence of new vertebral fractures. Strong recommendation that the group receiving romosozumab/alendronate had a decreased risk of new OF when compared with the alendronate only group only. Article 3: a systematic literature review of spinal orthoses in the management of. Conditional recommendation to prescribe a spinal orthosis to decrease pain and improve quality of life. Article 4: post-traumatic deformity after OF. A conditional recommendation that middle column injury and pre-injury use of steroids may lead to high risk of post-traumatic deformity after OF. Management of patients with OF is still complex and challenging. This review provides some recommendations that may help surgeons to better manage these patients and improve their clinical practice.

Answering a Call to Action: Reducing Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Using a Healthcare Champion Model.

Prenatal alcohol exposure and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) remain critical public health issues. Alcohol use in pregnancy is a leading preventable cause of birth defects, developmental disabilities, and learning disabilities. Alcohol screening and brief intervention (SBI) is effective at reducing excessive alcohol use. However, this clinical preventive service remains critically underutilized in primary care. In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention called for the creation of FASD Champion programs to promote clinician education about FASDs. Six professional health organizations and groups providing reproductive and child health services set out to create FASD Champion programs. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists FASDs Prevention Program was created to focus on reducing alcohol-exposed pregnancies. The American Academy of Pediatrics' Champion program maintains the goal of improving health outcomes for children with FASDs by improving pediatricians' diagnostic capacity. The American Academy of Family Physicians has prioritized training family physician champions to improve the delivery of alcohol SBI among adult patients. The University of Alaska Anchorage has partnered with the National Association of Nurse Practitioners in Women's Health, the American College of Nurse-Midwives, and the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric, and Neonatal Nurses to assure advanced practice registered nurses and midwives have the knowledge and skills to prevent alcohol-exposed pregnancies and FASDs. The American Association of Medical Assistants has prioritized expanding the knowledge and skills of medical assistants related to promoting alcohol-free pregnancies. Finally, the Champions program at the University of Texas at Austin was established to train health social workers in alcohol SBI. Through the advocacy, education, and mission of these 6 health sectors in collaboration with national organizations and educational institutions, the evidence-based approach of alcohol SBI is being disseminated throughout the United States to reduce the harmful effects of prenatal alcohol exposure.

Online opinion leadership styles and purchase intention in livestreaming e-commerce

ABSTRACT As online opinion leaders and persuaders, livestreamers enable the widespread success of livestreaming e-commerce by substantially impacting viewers’ online purchase intention. Yet, extant studies have overlooked online opinion leadership styles exhibited by livestreamers and how these influence viewers’ online purchase intention. We explore this issue by developing a comprehensive framework of livestreamers’ online opinion leadership styles, comprising authentic, ethical, servant, and participative dimensions, based on both livestreaming and opinion leadership literature. Then, drawing on regulatory focus theory, the partial least square-structural equal modeling analysis of survey data collected from 321 Chinese viewers revealed that livestreamers with authentic and ethical online opinion leadership styles promote viewers’ prevention focus. Next, livestreamers with the servant and participative styles promote viewers’ promotion focus. Finally, viewers’ prevention and promotion focus propel their online purchase intention. Our findings contribute to the development of a comprehensive framework of online opinion leadership styles in computer-mediated livestreaming e-commerce.

The Impact of Little Red Book Key Opinion Leader Characteristics on Young Consumers' Intention to Purchase Luxury Goods

In the era of globalization, marketization, and intelligent development, Xiaohongshu, as a mainstream social media platform with a large volume in China, is committed to the development of Key Opinion Leader (hereinafter referred to as KOL) to attract traffic and increase the conversion rate of purchase. Therefore, in the online marketing of luxury brands, KOL with different characteristics of Little Red Book plays an important role in whether young consumers are willing to buy. Nowadays, under the wind of Influencer marketing, the competition of KOL group is very fierce, the content paradigm tends to be homogenized, the cost of transferring consumers' attention is low, and KOL has its distinctive features and personalized characteristics to stand out, attract the traffic, and get consumers' attention. This paper takes influencer marketing as the background to study the influence mechanism of Little Red Book KOL characteristics on young consumers' willingness to buy luxury goods. The research results show that young luxury consumers are more likely to be influenced by their recommendation information when they have purchase demand and are familiar with opinion leaders to a certain extent.

How does social media affect people’s consumer behavior in China? A quantitative model to reveal the relationships

In today’s interconnected world, the widespread impact of social media on consumer behavior has become a focus of attention for researchers, marketers, and businesses. The rapid development of digital technology, coupled with the widespread adoption of social media platforms, has changed the way individuals interact with brands, make purchasing decisions, and navigate consumer patterns. This article attempts to explore the multifaceted relationship between social media and consumer behavior, delving into the complexity of this dynamic interaction. The author chose the consumer group size, consumers’ interaction, professional level of opinion leaders, and activity level of opinion leaders are selected as independent variables, perceived risk, and perceived value as mediating variables, and purchasing behavior as dependent variables. The theoretical model of this research is constructed, and 10 research hypotheses are proposed. Through a questionnaire survey, 100 valid data were collected. SPSSAU24 was used for descriptive statistics, reliability, validity, and factor analysis to verify the reliability of the data while a quantitative influence model will be constructed to illustrate the interactivity. The investigation yielded the following conclusion. First, the consumer group size, consumer interactivity level, professional level of opinion leaders, and the activity level of opinion leaders positively affect the perceived value. Second, the consumer group size, consumer interactivity level, professional level of opinion, and the activity level of opinion leaders negatively affect the perceived risk. Third, perceived value has a positive relationship with purchasing behavior. Fourth, perceived risk has a negative relationship with purchasing behavior.

Current Management of Warm Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia and Recent Advancements in Research: Interview with a Key Opinion Leader

Warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (wAIHA) is a rare, life-threatening disorder caused by autoantibodies that lead to the premature destruction of erythrocytes (haemolysis). There is currently no licensed targeted therapy for wAIHA. Until recently, there has been little research attention on autoimmune haemolytic anaemias (AIHA), with few developments in the field over the past 20 years. The last 3 years have seen a surge in research interest in wAIHA, with the development of potential new therapies for this rare disorder. For this article, the EMJ conducted an interview in June 2024 with key opinion leader, Bruno Fattizzo, from the University of Milan, and Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy, to raise awareness of wAIHA, and explore recent advancements in research on this disease. Fattizzo, who has a wealth of experience and expertise in the clinical management of wAIHA, provided valuable insights into topics such as the clinical and quality of life (QoL) impact of wAIHA on the patient; current management of wAIHA, including steroids, rituximab, immunosuppressants, splenectomy, anticoagulant prophylaxis, and recombinant erythropoietin; and remaining unmet needs in the disease area. Also discussed were potential future therapies for this autoimmune disorder, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, neonatal fragment crystallisable receptor (FcRn) inhibitors, and B cell activating factor receptor (BAFF-R) antagonists, and the challenges involved in managing patients with wAIHA. Finally, Fattizzo described the patient experience of living with wAIHA, proposed how best to raise awareness of wAIHA among healthcare professionals, the scientific community, patients, and the public, and outlined what the future of the management of patients with wAIHA might look like.

From the Syrian to Ukrainian refugee crisis: Tracing the changes in the Italian Twitter discussions through network analysis

Abstract This study examines the Italian Twitter landscape during the 2015 Syrian and 2022 Ukrainian refugee crises, with a focus on the evolution of anti-refugee discourse. Through the analysis of 400,000 tweets, we sought to identify attitudinal communities, track changes in user positions, and evaluate the trending potential of the communities. Our findings indicate a shift in opinion leaders within the anti-refugee community from 2015, alongside a persistent ability to influence public discourse. Additionally, while the pro-Ukrainian refugee community has grown, incorporating previously neutral users, it remains loosely connected. Finally, the shifts in attitudes of Italian populist leaders regarding Syrian and Ukrainian refugees are interpreted in light of the changes in user attitudes as observed in the communication networks. This research highlights the importance of computational communication methods for investigating fringe groups absent from mainstream discourse, and underscores the necessity of content moderation and proactive digital activism to counter anti-refugee sentiment online.

Disentangling the Web: An Interdisciplinary Review on the Potential and Feasibility of Spider Silk Bioproduction.

The remarkable material properties of spider silk, such as its high toughness and tensile strength combined with its low density, make it a highly sought-after material with myriad applications. In addition, the biological nature of spider silk makes it a promising, potentially sustainable alternative to many toxic or petrochemical-derived materials. Therefore, interest in the heterologous production of spider silk proteins has greatly increased over the past few decades, making recombinant spider silk an important frontier in biomanufacturing. This has resulted in a diversity of potential host organisms, a large space for sequence design, and a variety of downstream processing techniques and product applications for spider silk production. Here, we highlight advances in each of these technical aspects as well as white spaces therein, still ripe for further investigation and discovery. Additionally, industry landscaping, patent analyses, and interviews with Key Opinion Leaders help define both the research and industry landscapes. In particular, we found that though textiles dominated the early products proposed by companies, the versatile nature of spider silk has opened up possibilities in other industries, such as high-performance materials in automotive applications or biomedical therapies. While continuing enthusiasm has imbued scientists and investors alike, many technical and business considerations still remain unsolved before spider silk can be democratized as a high-performance product. We provide insights and strategies for overcoming these initial hurdles, and we highlight the importance of collaboration between academia, industry, and policy makers. Linking technical considerations to business and market entry strategies highlights the importance of a holistic approach for the effective scale-up and commercial viability of spider silk bioproduction.

Analysis of smallholder farmers' dynamics of knowledge sharing, skill transfer, and participation in using biogas (application of social network analysis)

Air pollution, population growth, and the lack of fossil energy sources are critical factors that drive people toward clean and renewable energies in the current century. Biogas is suitable for rural farmers as a source of clean energy. Since there are many social interactions in knowledge exchange and sharing, the transfer of skills, and participation among individuals, various actors are involved in the network. The power and influence of actors and the social interactions between smallholder farmers and these actors fuel the development of biogas consumption in rural areas. Therefore, this study analyzes the social network structures and characteristics of various actors by social network analysis (SNA) in knowledge sharing, the transfer of skills, and participation networks among traditional smallholder farmers in Iran. The research sample consisted of some smallholder farmers in four provinces of Fars, Khorasan Razavi, Golestan, and Kermanshah (144 smallholder farmers). The research instrument was a questionnaire designed as a matrix. The findings showed that based on the betweenness centrality score, biogas-consuming smallholder farmers (34.56) and cooperatives of smallholder farmers (24.79) were the main actors in the network of knowledge sharing, respectively. Furthermore, biogas-consuming smallholder farmers (28.04) and pioneer smallholder farmers (27.11) were the main actors in the network of participation, respectively. The betweenness centrality score revealed that cooperatives of smallholder farmers (29.23) and opinion leaders (23.33) were the main actors in the network of skills transfer, respectively. It can be concluded that these actors had high social power and influence among smallholder farmers and can be the core of the smallholder farmers’ social networks. It means that they can influence the development of biogas consumption among Iranian smallholder farmers.

Advancing Muslim Modest Fashion Clothing

The rise of digital marketing involves leveraging fashion influencers, like bloggers and celebrities, to expand brand reach and drive sales, more notably in the post-pandemic era. In the realm of modest fashion, young female Muslim influencers have played a significant role, tapping into a vast market and positively impacting the global economy. Therefore, this study attempts to explore the impact of these influencers on female modest fashion consumers' decisions associated with their visible Muslim identity and to understand the fashion-faith landscape through the challenges for the influencers. Driven by the theory of two-step communication flow among fashion opinion leaders and fashion consumers, this study adopted a qualitative approach and a research design underlying hermeneutic phenomenology by using semi-structured interviews with modest fashion consumers and secondary source information about influencers. The findings offer valuable insights for consumers, industry stakeholders, and policymakers to support the modest fashion trend and promote a dignified Muslim identity.

The Role of Digital Influencers as Opinion Leaders in Strategic Marketing Communication among Boutique Owners in Nairobi, CBD, Kenya

Purpose: The objectives for the study was to establish the role of digital influencers as opinion leaders in strategic marketing communications. Methodology: A descriptive research design was used. The population of study was boutique owners in Nairobi CBD, from which a sample were drawn. The sampling technique was purposive sampling based on the respondent’s special characteristics necessary for the study. Questionnaires containing both open and closed ended were used as the research instruments for the study. The data collected was then processed and analyzed using SPSS software or Advanced Excel. Data was presented inform of tables. Findings: The results indicated that descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the relationship between the roles of digital influencers as opinion leaders in strategic marketing. Respondents indicated that digital influencers were extremely influential as opinion leaders in strategic marketing. The inferential results further indicate that there was a positive relationship between the role of digital influencers as opinion leaders and strategic marketing however the relationship was found not significant (β= 0.03, P-value 0,051&gt; 0.005). Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was anchored on elaboration likelihood model theory. The study recommends formulation policies regulating social media platforms so as to ensure more accountability and credibility of the information shared in those platforms.

The Relevance of Phytate for the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease.

Diets high in plant-based foods are commonly recommended for people with chronic kidney disease (CKD). One putative advantage of these diets is reduced intestinal phosphate absorption. This effect has been ascribed to phytic acid (myoinositol hexaphosphoric acid) and its anion, phytate, that are present in many plant foods, particularly in the seeds, nuts, grains and fruits of plants. This paper reviews the structure and many actions of phytate with particular reference to its potential effects on people with CKD. Phytate binds avidly to and can reduce gastrointestinal absorption of the phosphate anion and many macrominerals and trace elements including iron, zinc, calcium and magnesium. This has led some opinion leaders to label phytate as an "anti-nutrient." The human intestine lacks phytase; hence, phytate is essentially not degraded in the small intestine. A small amount of phytate is absorbed from the small intestine, although phytate bound to phosphate is poorly absorbed. Clinical trials in maintenance hemodialysis patients indicate that intravenously administered phytate may decrease hydroxyapatite formation, vascular calcification and calciphylaxis. Orally administered phytate or in vitro studies indicate that phytate may also reduce osteoporosis, urinary calcium calculi formation and dental plaque formation. Phytate appears to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, at least partly due to its ability to chelate iron. Other potential therapeutic roles for phytate, not definitively established, include suppression of cancer formation, reduction in cognitive decline that occurs with aging, and amelioration of certain neurodegenerative diseases and several gastrointestinal and metabolic disorders. These latter potential benefits of phytate are supported by cell or animal research or observational studies in humans. Many of the above disorders are particularly common in CKD patients. Definitive clinical trials to identify potential therapeutic benefits of phytate in CKD patients are clearly warranted.

Telemedicine integration into the eye health ecosystem in scaling of effective refractive error coverage in Kenya

This study explored the potential of telemedicine integration into the eye health ecosystem with an aim of scaling effective refractive error coverage in Kenya. This exploratory study was conducted telephonically and through online interviews with key opinion leaders, ophthalmologists, optometrists, ophthalmic clinical officers, optical technicians and beneficiaries of the optical technician’s services in rural areas. A telemedicine workflow was developed and validated based on the comments from the key opinion leaders using the Delphi technique. Quantitative and qualitative data were analysed using SPSS and NVivo Software respectively. All of the key opinion leaders agreed that telemedicine is relevant in the eye health ecosystem and recognition of primary vision technicians is critical for effective telemedicine integration. The reasons for the need of telemedicine integration were categorized into; good relationship, organized refractive error service delivery, convenience and availability and cost reduction. The possible factors influencing integration of telemedicine identified were categorized into cost, unwillingness, dominance, perception, lack of technical team, policies and network coverage. The limited human resources in the eye health ecosystem in developing countries cannot effectively deliver refractive error services to the growing population. Hence, integration of telemedicine and establishment of policies recognizing telemedicine are desirable to strengthen task shifting and scale effective refractive error coverage.

Modern determinants of legal awareness

The article substantiates the presence of correlation dependence of such processes as the growth of digital literacy and legal awareness, and also reveals other factors of legal capacity in the era of digital transformation. It has been proven that understanding this essential interdependence provides answers to a number of questions regarding the priority ways of developing the legal system of Ukraine. Increasing digital and legal awareness is depicted as a logical step towards active participation in the management of public affairs. Online deliberation is depicted as a means of positive influence on the perception of the relevant tools of democracy. In this context, political crowdsourcing is defined as a way of finding effective solutions and a positive impact on civic cohesion. It has been demonstrated that the era of digital technologies provides wider opportunities for the realization of human and citizen rights and freedoms, but at the same time creates new challenges and threats to ensure these rights and freedoms. Legislation regulating relations in the field of digitization is also becoming less transparent. It is noted that virtual space opens up new opportunities for manipulating public opinion, and deliberate functioning in the conditions of new threats of instrumentalization of virtual communication depends on the appropriate configuration of communication platforms. With this in mind, priority issues of scientific discourse and regulatory improvement are highlighted, namely: political crowdsourcing and participatory democracy, online deliberation and principles of cooperation with stakeholders, dissemination and support of fact-checking initiatives to verify the reliability of information, legal status of bloggers, fixers and other media participants as opinion leaders. It is concluded that a certain level of legal literacy, together with digital competence, is a prerequisite for effective participation in modern democratic practices, but this participation can also increase the level of legal awareness of citizens, in particular due to the fact that the Internet plays an important role in shaping the agenda and developing the critical potential of the public.

A Statewide Physician Champion Initiative to Prevent Diabetes: Lessons Learned from North Carolina.

The North Carolina Medical Society (NCMS) and American Medical Association (AMA) collaborated to support diabetes prevention efforts in North Carolina (NC) with a physician champion initiative focused on tracking and increasing referrals to the National Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). Three focus areas to effectively engage and utilize physician champions included: (1) self-adoption within their practice, (2) engagement and outreach with other healthcare leaders, and (3) influence to peers and colleagues. Six NC physician champions were selected to support the work from January 2020 to January 2023. This resulted in increased outreach to physicians about Diabetes Free NC, increased materials/education for physicians on prediabetes identification and management, and 1943 referrals to the National DPP. This work can be further translated and applied to other states to aid prevention efforts. Physician champions' expertise coupled with adequate resources can allow them to play a key role in chronic disease prevention and management.

Influence Unleashed: The Impact of Social Media on Consumer Perceptions Regarding on Adidas Products

In todays digital era, social media (SM) have become important platforms for brands to disseminate information and engage with consumers. The present study explores the impact of SM on consumers' information acquisition and decision-making from the perspective of Adidas. Adidas effectively share product details, launch new items, and interact with its audience via SM. By examining various marketing approachesincluding reputation marketing, key opinion leader (KOL) and celebrity marketing, and influencer marketing, this research tries to analyze how Adidas leverages social media to enhance brand visibility and consumer engagement. The literature review reveals that social media significantly influences consumer perceptions and decisions, particularly through influencer marketing and social commerce features. Additionally, the importance of authenticity and detailed reviews in building consumer trust was emphasized. More in-depth understanding of the influencing mechanism can provide valuable insights for Adidas and similar brands to optimize their related strategies, ultimately driving consumer engagement and purchasing behavior.

EMPATHY Life in Psoriasis: Embracing Patients' Well-Being in Their Journey of Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects millions of individuals worldwide, impacting their physical and emotional well-being. The management of psoriasis requires effective communication and a strong physician-patient relationship. Objective: We aim to develop a novel algorithm to enhance patient well-being and care in moderate-to-severe psoriasis, considering the time constraints that dermatologists have in public hospitals. Methods: This project employed a multidisciplinary approach, involving collaboration between 14 experienced dermatologists (referred to as Key Opinion Leaders: KOLs) and a psychologist. During three separate meetings (an initial virtual session, a face-to-face meeting, and a final virtual meeting), an algorithm (Embracing Patients' Well-being in their Journey of Moderate-to-Severe psoriasis: EMPATHY), describing the patient's reception through the entire first visit and follow-up visits, was developed and refined. Results: The EMPATHY algorithm provides a step-by-step approach from the moment the patient arrives at reception, through the first visit and on to subsequent visits. This algorithm fills a critical gap in the existing guidelines by specifically addressing how to foster empathy during psoriasis patient visits within time-limited consultations. The algorithm outlines patient-centered strategies at each visit. Key aspects include creating a welcoming environment, active listening, respecting privacy, tailoring communication styles, and managing patient expectations. Conclusions: The EMPATHY algorithm represents a novel and promising approach to improving patient care and well-being in moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Developed together by dermatologists and a psychologist, this algorithm offers healthcare providers practical guidance for managing both initial and follow-up patient visits. While further validation is necessary, the potential for adapting the EMPATHY algorithm to diverse healthcare settings and patient populations holds promise for improving patient outcomes across various chronic conditions.

A comprehensive study on social networks analysis and mining to detect opinion leaders

In today's society, social networks are vital for communication, allowing individuals to influence each other significantly. Opinion leaders play a crucial role in shaping opinions, attitudes, beliefs, motivations, and behaviors. Recognizing this, companies seek to identify influential users who resonate with their target audience to leverage their impact. Consequently, detecting opinion leaders in social networks has become essential. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive literature review on opinion leader detection. We present a detailed overview of various methods and approaches developed in this field, examining their strengths and weaknesses to identify the most effective strategies for different social networks. Additionally, we highlight key trends, challenges, and future directions in opinion leader detection. Our goal is to equip companies with the necessary knowledge to harness the power of opinion leaders for enhancing marketing and communication strategies. For researchers, this paper serves as a foundational resource, outlining the current state of the art and identifying gaps in the literature for future studies. Ultimately, we strive to advance the understanding of effective opinion leader detection and utilization within the dynamic landscape of social networks.