Delay Operator Research Articles

Cost, Operative Delay, and X-Rays for Incorrect Surgical Counts.

At Cleveland clinic, an incorrect surgical count triggers Code Rust; a protocol that mandates an intraoperative patient X-ray, staff radiology read, and discussion with the surgeon before the incision is closed. Code Rust calls from November 2014 to December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Realtime workflow and operative details of Code Rust cases were analyzed.1277 Code Rusts were identified. Average time from ordering the X-ray to final radiology report was 50 minutes, totalling $2,362,450.00 spent on operating room time. Code Rust was called twice as frequently during urgent or emergent cases, compared to elective. There were more staff in Code Rust rooms compared to non-Code Rust rooms. A foreign body on X-ray was identified in 42/1277 (3.3%) cases. Code Rust is a resource intensive process that is more common in emergent cases that involve multiple staff. While retained foreign bodies are identified in a small percentage of cases, the current system should be revisited to reduce operating time and expense.

Beyond the Ire of Flames: Work Experiences of Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) Station Chiefs

Fire occurrences have significantly risen in recent years. These fires endanger lives, cause economic damage, and harm the environment. Uncontrolled fires are a major reason for building collapses and injuries. Building fires cause trauma due to the loss of belongings and the building itself. Existing fire safety systems are failing due to unaddressed factors causing building fires (Rathnayake et al., 2020). This study explored the experiences of the station chiefs of the Bureau of Fire Protection in Iloilo Province, Philippines, through a qualitative research method. The participants of this study were the selected ten (10) BFP station chiefs. All participants were subjected to an individual in-depth interview. The findings of this study are described in emergent themes. Six (6) emergent themes described the positive and negative experiences of the informants in the performance of their duties. For the positive experiences, two (2) emergent themes were developed, namely Personal Satisfaction Through Job Fulfillment and Workplace Camaraderie and Support. For the negative experiences, four (4) emergent themes were also developed, namely: Inadequate Resources and Financial Challenges, Complexity of Leadership and Personnel Management, Bombarded with Public Dissatisfaction, and Operational Delays and Equipment Failures. Meanwhile, three (3) emergent themes were formulated to explain how the participants address the challenges encountered in the performance of their duties, namely: Empowering Collaboration and Support Networks, Bolstering Preventive Measures and Education, and Embodying Resilience and Adaptability. Finally, three (3) emergent themes were created to express the aspirations of participants to improve the quality of their services, namely Continuous Training and Professional Development, Adequate Fiscal Allocation and Service Facilities, and Improvement of Personnel and Staffing Issues. Based on the emergent themes identified, it is recommended that the fire station chiefs be enhanced by providing them with specialized training and career development programs. This can be accomplished by the successful integration of the latest firefighting technologies in the specialized training to enhance the response effectiveness of their station.

Safety and tolerability of intravenous undiluted levetiracetam in pediatrics: A retrospective cohort study.

Time is critical in executing acute seizure treatment, and efforts to minimize operational delays with medication preparation confer potential logistical and practical advantages. Multiple studies have demonstrated the safety and tolerability of intravenous (IV) undiluted levetiracetam (LEV) in adults; however, published pediatric data are limited. This study aims to evaluate the safety and tolerability of IV undiluted LEV in pediatrics. This was a retrospective, dual-center, observational cohort study evaluating concentration-related adverse drug events with IV undiluted (100 mg/mL) LEV in pediatrics over a 3-year 3-month timespan. A total of 60 undiluted administrations in 52 patients were included in the study. The median age was 4 years; 58.3% of patients were younger than 5 years of age. All doses were administered via a peripheral IV line. The most common IV anatomic site and peripheral IV gauge (G) was the antecubital (66.6%) and 22G catheter (63.3%). There were no documented concentration-related adverse drug events. Regardless of IV anatomic site, IV gauge, and administered dose there were no documented concentration-related adverse effects with IV undiluted LEV in a pediatric population. IV undiluted LEV may be considered safe and tolerable in pediatrics. Prospective pediatric studies should assess the safety and tolerability of IV undiluted LEV.

Body Mass Index and Surgical Diagnosis of Endometriosis: Do Obese Patients Experience an Operative Delay?

Objectives: The objective of this study was to quantify the time to diagnosis of endometriosis by laparoscopy for patients of varying body mass index (BMI), as well as the safety of laparoscopy for endometriosis by BMI. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of reproductive-age women receiving a primary laparoscopic diagnosis of endometriosis at an academic tertiary hospital from January 2017 to December 2020. Patients excluded were those undergoing repeat laparoscopy, with previously histologically diagnosed endometriosis, asymptomatic endometriosis, an unknown first gynecologic encounter, or an unknown initial BMI. Our primary outcome was time to surgical diagnosis of endometriosis by BMI class. Our secondary outcome was the evaluation of peri/postoperative risk of laparoscopy for endometriosis. Results: A total of 152 patients received a primary surgical diagnosis of endometriosis, including 44% normal or underweight patients, 29% overweight patients, and 27% obese patients. Obese patients experienced a delay from gynecologic presentation to diagnostic laparoscopy (18.4 months, interquartile range [IQR] 3.1–42.8) compared to overweight patients (9.0 months, IQR 2.5–23.2) and normal and underweight patients (3.8 months, IQR 1.1–17.0) (P = 0.02). Although a higher percentage of overweight and obese patients was Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black, multiple linear regression maintained a significant relationship between time to surgery and BMI (P = 0.03). Perioperative and postoperative complications did not differ by BMI class. There were no differences in repeat laparoscopy for endometriosis within 3 years by BMI (P = 0.99). Conclusion: BMI is independently associated with time to surgical diagnosis of endometriosis in our retrospective study. Diagnostic laparoscopy appears safe in obese patients, without significant perioperative morbidity.

Decentralized learning control for high-speed trains with unknown time-varying speed delays

Treating the multi-point-mass dynamic model of high-speed trains as an interconnected system, this study proposes a decentralized iterative learning control scheme for high-speed trains to achieve the trajectory tracking goal. By making reasonable estimates of the interaction term and compensating for it, the proposed control scheme utilizes only local information from each carriage and does not need any inter-carriage information exchange. The zero-error tracking of the desired trajectory is guaranteed even in a restricted communication environment. Considering unknown time-varying speed delays in the actual high-speed train operations, a modified decentralized iterative learning control scheme is also provided to address the negative impact of speed delays. The convergence of tracking errors is strictly proven by constructing appropriate composite energy functions. Numerical simulations further verify the theoretical results.

ADVANCED SMART PARKING BARRIERS: DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, AND IMPACT ON URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE

This study investigates the creation and execution of an intelligent individual parking barrier system aimed at resolving urban parking difficulties in Malaysia. The project adheres to a systematic methodology that includes conceptual design, detailed design, prototype creation, testing and validation, data analysis and refinement, and implementation and deployment. The system's lifetime and efficacy are guaranteed by the inventive use of durable materials and advanced sensor technologies. Additionally, convenience and security are enhanced by a user-friendly wireless control system. The data analysis confirms that the system is highly reliable, with sensors that have a 95% success rate in detecting events and low delay in wireless control operation. The concept is in line with larger smart city projects, such as the Kuala Lumpur Smart City Blueprint, which aims to promote parking options that are both efficient and secure. In addition, the system promotes environmental sustainability by minimizing emissions related to the search for parking. It also aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, namely SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and SDG 13 (Climate Action). This study showcases the possibility of implementing the proposed system on a large scale in different urban areas in Malaysia, therefore leading to the development of more intelligent and effective urban infrastructure.

Dynamic risk analysis of tank cleaning operations using bow-tie-based fuzzy Bayesian network

This study aims to enhance maritime safety by focusing on risk analysis in tank cleaning operations, specifically targeting the risk of spillages. The Bow-Tie-based Fuzzy Bayesian Network (BT-FBN) methodology was employed to conduct an equipment-based dynamic risk analysis. A real chemical tanker was selected as the model vessel to ensure realistic calculations, and ‘Loss of Containment’ (LoC) was identified as the critical event for comprehensive risk analysis. The BT methodology was utilised to identify and systematically map potential hazards. Considering the temporal dynamics of risk, a Bayesian dynamic risk analysis was performed using four-month tank cleaning data from the model vessel, and fuzzy logic was applied to address uncertainties in the data. The findings indicated a steady increase in the risk of ‘LoC’ from 4.33% to 11.86% over four months, consistent with observed accident rates (8.57%). Furthermore, the likelihood of consequential events, such as ‘Delay in Operations & Near Miss’ (C-1), showed a similar trend, ranging from 3.69% to 10.09%. Notably, the analysis underscored the critical role of ‘Human Error & Management Failure’ (IE4) in contributing most significantly to ‘LoC’, ranging from 2.86% to 8.77%, emphasising the importance of addressing human factors to mitigate environmental pollution.

Gastric preconditioning via percutaneous angioembolization before esophagectomy in patients at high risk for esophageal leak.

Anastomotic leaks and stenoses remain critical complications in esophagectomy and are related to conduit perfusion. Surgical gastric preconditioning has been described but requires additional surgery and creates scar tissue, potentially hindering future operation. We sought to evaluate the feasibility and safety of percutaneous gastric preconditioning by angioembolization to improve perfusion of gastric conduits before esophagectomy in a high-risk patient cohort. Patients pending an esophagectomy for cancer and deemed to be high risk for anastomotic complications underwent preconditioning by image-guided angioembolization. Preconditioning was performed on an outpatient basis by means of superselective embolization of the left gastric and short gastric arteries. Intraoperative conduit perfusion evaluation with indocyanine green and postoperative surgical outcomes was reviewed. Seventeen patients underwent gastric preconditioning, with no complications observed. Thirteen of the 17 patients ultimately underwent esophagectomy; the remaining four patients were not candidates for an operation. Patients proceeded to surgery a median of 23days (interquartile range, 21-27days) after preconditioning. The intraoperative indocyanine green perfusion of all conduits was appropriate, with no tip demarcation and with a median time to dye uptake of 20s (interquartile range, 15-20s). There were no anastomotic stenoses or leaks noted within the series. Gastric conduit preconditioning by percutaneous angioembolization of the left gastric and short gastric arteries can be performed safely and without operative delay in high-risk patients. Further evaluation of preconditioning for conduit optimization is warranted to limit the critical complications of anastomotic leak and stenosis in esophagectomy.

Design of energy efficient N-bit vedic multiplier for low power hardware architecture

ABSTRACT In this paper, we introduce an advanced design of an N-bit Vedic multiplier using Nikhilam Sutra and Karatsuba algorithms, tailored for low power hardware architectures. Our approach innovatively combines these ancient mathematical techniques to significantly enhance computational efficiency in digital systems. The primary novelty of our method lies in its capability to drastically reduce both power consumption and operational delay. Compared to conventional multipliers, our design demonstrates an average area reduction of 56% and a latency reduction of 45%. Additionally, the integration of the Karatsuba algorithm optimises the structural design of the multiplier, further lowering the requirements for computational units. This dual-sutra approach not only optimises energy efficiency but also enhances overall effectiveness, making it highly suitable for image and signal processing as well as biomedical applications where power efficiency is crucial. By explicitly stating these key advancements, we aim to clearly communicate the significant strides our research has made in the field of energy-efficient hardware design.

Revolutionizing the Supply Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Impact of Industry 4.0 on Supply Chain Management

This research investigates the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies, namely robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), and cyber-physical systems, on supply chain management in manufacturing sector.The study employs a mixed-method approach, utilizing both primary and secondary data collection methods. A structured questionnaire is distributed among industry experts in the manufacturing sector. The data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software to derive research Industry 4.0 deployment significantly enhances data integrity within supply chain operations, particularly through the integration of IoT devices and sensors. Automation, a core tenet of Industry 4.0, reduces operational delays and bottlenecks, thus improving supply chain efficiency. Real-time data analytics empower supply chain managers to make agile decisions, aligning with Industry 4.0's objective of enhancing responsiveness. Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of balancing automation with human capital development to ensure seamless integration of technology and human expertise in supply chain operations.The findings underscore the strategic importance of prioritizing data integrity and human capital development in the context of Industry 4.0 adoption. The study emphasizes the need for robust security measures, collaborative platforms, and training programs to maximize the benefits of Industry 4.0 technologies in supply chain management.Businesses can leverage the insights from this study to strategically implement Industry 4.0 technologies, optimize supply chain operations, and enhance competitiveness. Moreover, policymakers can utilize these findings to formulate proactive policies addressing workforce transition, economic factors, and ethical considerations associated with Industry 4.0 adoption.This research contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the transformative impact of Industry 4.0 technologies on supply chain management, particularly in the context of developing economies like India. Additionally, the study highlights the interplay between automation, data integrity, and human capital development, offering a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities in adopting Industry 4.0 in supply chain operations.

Dosimetric consequences of flap dose due to rapid beam off control for a high intensity carbon ion radiation therapy synchrotron.

In carbon ion radiation therapy (CIRT) the predominant method of irradiation is raster scanning, called dose driven continuous scanning (DDCS) by Hitachi, allowing for continuous synchrotron extraction. The reduction in irradiation time is highly beneficial in minimizing the impact of patient and target movement on dose distribution. The RF knock out (RFKO) slow-extraction method is commonly used for beam on/off control. When the Hitachi synchrotron receives a beam off signal the control system stops the RFKO and after some delay time (t-delay) during which the beam intensity declines, a high-speed steering magnet (HSST) is used to sweep the remaining beam from isocenter to a beam dump for safety reasons. Mayo Clinic Florida (MCF) will use a very short delay of the HSST operation from the RFKO beam OFF signal to minimize the delay time and delayed dose. MCF clinical beam intensity, a tenfold increase over HIMAK, is still less than 100 mMU/ms (approximately 4.9×109 pps for 430 MeV/u). The rapid beam off control (RBOC) proposed for MCF is associated with the occurrence of flap dose (FD), which refers to the asymmetric shoulder of the spot dose profile formed from the beam bent by HSST deviating from its planned spot position on the isocenter plane. In this study, we quantitatively assessed FD, proposed a treatment planning system (TPS) implementation using a flap spot (FS) and evaluated its impact on dose distribution. The experiments were conducted at the Osaka Heavy Ion Therapy Center (HIMAK) varying the t-delay from 0.01 to 1ms in a research environment to simulate the MCF RBOC. We studied the dependence of FD position on beam transport and its dependence on energy and beam intensity. FD was generated by delivering 10000 continuous spots on the central axis that are occasionally triggered by an external 10Hz gate signal. Measurements were conducted using an oscilloscope, and the nozzle's spot position monitor (SPM) and dose monitor (DM). All spot profile data were corrected for the gain of the SPM's beam intensity dependence. FD was determined by fitting the (SPM) Profile data to a double Gaussian. The position of the FS was found to be transport path dependent, with FS occurring on the opposite sides of the scanning x-direction for vertical and horizontal ports, respectively, as predicted by transport calculations. It was observed that the FD increases with beam intensity and did not exhibit a significant dependence on energy. The effect of FD on treatment planning is shown to have no significant dose impact on the organs at risk (OARs) near the target for clinical beam intensities and a modest increase for very high intensities. Using HIMAK in research mode the implications are that the FD has no clinical impact on the clinical CIRT beam intensities for MCF and maybe planned for higher intensities by incorporating FS into the TPS to predict the modest increased dose to OARs. A method for commissioning and quality assurance of FD has been proposed.

Verification of lifetime and mechanical load aspects for ITER diagnostic pressure gauges based on ZrC emitter.

Hot cathode ionization gauges will measure the neutral gas pressure in the vacuum vessel of ITER. Overall, 52 gauge heads based on the concept of the ASDEX pressure gauge but using novel ZrC emitters are located in the divertor, in equatorial ports and in pumping ducts. The initial lifetime tests of the novel gauge design have raised the concern that the pyrolytic graphite used to indirectly heat the ceramic ZrC emitter erodes too fast during operation. This effect might limit the lifetime of the gauges below the limits acceptable according to the inherent availability (ignoring operational delays) requirement of 99.8% for the diagnostic system over the lifetime of ITER. Long term operation tests have been performed using 0.1mm thick W, Ir, and Mo foils as an interlayer between the pyrolytic graphite and the ZrC within a constant atmosphere of 20Pa H2. The longest lifetime of 860h has been achieved with the Ir foil. Subsequent vibration tests applying accelerations on a shaker with magnitudes typical for seismic and ITER disruption loads demonstrated that the emitter can survive such demanding loads even after far-progressed erosion of the pyrolytic graphite. Additional ON/OFF cycle tests demonstrated that the gauge is still fully operational. In combination with a revision and consolidation of the operational plan and the reliability, accessibility, maintainability, and inspectability (RAMI) analysis, ITER's inherent availability requirement for the diagnostic system could be demonstrated successfully.

Strategies for Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain in Organizational Contexts: Pre- and Post-Disaster Management Perspectives

Every organization typically comprises various internal components, including regional branches, operations centers/field offices, major transportation hubs, and operational units, among others, housing a population susceptible to disaster impacts. Moreover, organizations often possess resources such as staff, various vehicles, and medical facilities, which can mitigate human casualties and address needs across affected areas. However, despite the importance of managing disasters within organizational networks, there remains a research gap in the development of mathematical models for such scenarios, specifically incorporating operations centers/field offices and external stakeholders as relief centers. Addressing this gap, this study examines an optimization model for both before and after disaster planning in a humanitarian supply chain and logistical framework within an organization. The affected areas are defined as regional branches, operational units, major transportation hubs, operations centers/field offices, external stakeholders, and medical facilities. A mixed-integer nonlinear model is formulated to minimize overall costs, considering factors such as penalty costs for untreated injuries and demand, delays in rescue and relief item distribution operations, and waiting costs for the injured in emergency medical vehicles and air ambulances. The model is implemented using GAMS software 47.1.0 for various test problems across different scales, with the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm proposed for larger-scale scenarios. Numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model and to validate the metaheuristic approach. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess the model’s performance under different conditions, and key managerial insights and implications are discussed.

Neural dynamics of delayed feedback in robot teleoperation: insights from fNIRS analysis.

As robot teleoperation increasingly becomes integral in executing tasks in distant, hazardous, or inaccessible environments, operational delays remain a significant obstacle. These delays, inherent in signal transmission and processing, adversely affect operator performance, particularly in tasks requiring precision and timeliness. While current research has made strides in mitigating these delays through advanced control strategies and training methods, a crucial gap persists in understanding the neurofunctional impacts of these delays and the efficacy of countermeasures from a cognitive perspective. This study addresses the gap by leveraging functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine the neurofunctional implications of simulated haptic feedback on cognitive activity and motor coordination under delayed conditions. In a human-subject experiment (N = 41), sensory feedback was manipulated to observe its influences on various brain regions of interest (ROIs) during teleoperation tasks. The fNIRS data provided a detailed assessment of cerebral activity, particularly in ROIs implicated in time perception and the execution of precise movements. Our results reveal that the anchoring condition, which provided immediate simulated haptic feedback with a delayed visual cue, significantly optimized neural functions related to time perception and motor coordination. This condition also improved motor performance compared to the asynchronous condition, where visual and haptic feedback were misaligned. These findings provide empirical evidence about the neurofunctional basis of the enhanced motor performance with simulated synthetic force feedback in the presence of teleoperation delays. The study highlights the potential for immediate haptic feedback to mitigate the adverse effects of operational delays, thereby improving the efficacy of teleoperation in critical applications.

A real‐time decision support system to improve operations in electric bus networks

ABSTRACTElectrifying transit bus networks (TBNs) has recently become a challenging problem that many public transport operators around the world are facing. Due to the limited driving range of electric buses, electric TBNs are more sensitive to operational delays and uncertainties. Moreover, the impact on sustainability is most profound when the buses are powered by renewable energy resources, which are often subject to intermittency and uncertainty. In this work, we tackle the complicated problem of planning charging schedules amid these various sources of uncertainty. We develop a real‐time decision support system that uses real‐time data, predictions, and mathematical optimization to update the charging schedules and mitigate the impact of operational uncertainties. Our results show that the online strategy can maintain higher reliability and renewable energy utilization levels compared to other charging strategies. The study has been carried out in cooperation with the public transport operator in Rotterdam in the Netherlands to assist them in their TBN transition process.

Sense of agency in operations with delays: A free-energy model and application to interface design

Action-feedback delay during operation reduces sense of agency (SoA). In this study, using information-theoretic free energy, we formalized a novel mathematical model for explaining the influence of delay on SoA in continuous operations. Based on the mathematical model, we propose that visualization of predicted future outcomes prevents SoA degradation resulting from response delays. Model-based simulations and operational experiments with participants confirmed that operational delay considerably reduces SoA. Furthermore, the proposed visualization mitigates these problems. Our findings support the model-based interface design for continuous operations with delay to prevent SoA degradation.

Evaluating cloud computing in construction projects to avoid project delay

The revolutionary impact of Cloud Computing (CC) technologies has been felt across multiple industries for an extended period. Although the construction industry is expanding over time, the role of innovation in construction is significant. However, not all stakeholders know about adopting and implementing CC for better project delivery. Hence, this paper aims to assist construction industry stakeholders in understanding the current challenges associated with using CC in the sector. The relevant literature review was conducted through a systematic data acquisition method to identify the factors in applying CC in the construction industry. The primary aim is to improve understanding of the current state of CC and its use to reduce delays in research and construction operations and to enhance safety in such projects. A survey approach was utilized in this study with the application of SPSS analysis. The outcome shows that CC may potentially improve overall industrial efficiency by gathering and leveraging data to increase productivity throughout the process, from conception to execution to exploitation. The challenges in access to CC can emerge due to various factors, including challenges in internet connectivity, economic considerations, availability of servers and data management. Furthermore, a conceptual framework has been proposed to provide summarised and organised key factors for CC application in construction projects to tackle project delays. However, the overall evaluation of factors of CC brings some encouraging and positive output which may transform the construction industry significantly.

Numerical solution for stochastic Volterra-Fredholm integral equations with delay arguments

We present a method for computing the stochastic operational matrix of integration to advance the study of stochastic Volterra-Fredholm integral equations (SVFIEs) based on delay arguments. First, the method evaluates the combined effects of the delay and its parameters on the accuracy improvement of the convergence rate. Our results can be applied to SVFIEs, with the operational delay matrices of the block pulse function simplified to algebraic ones. Numerical calculations were performed on a PC using Python 3 programs. Results also demonstrate the accuracy of approximate solutions; arithmetic operations are carried out without the need for derivation or integration.

Enhancing Efficiency and Security in MTC Environments: A Novel Strategy for Dynamic Grouping and Streamlined Management

This study presents a new strategy to improve security and efficiency in Machine-Type Communication (MTC) networks, addressing the drawbacks of the existing Adaptive Hierarchical Group-based Mutual Authentication and Key Agreement (AHGMAKA) protocol. The AHGMAKA protocol, crucial for securing communication within groups of devices with limited resources, has been found to cause significant operational delays and inefficiencies. Our proposed solution integrates advanced cryptographic methods, including an optimized Authenticated Message Authentication Code (AMAC) and lightweight encryption, sophisticated optimization algorithms for dynamic grouping, and an efficient, lightweight group management protocol. It also introduces adaptive network management strategies to customize performance according to the needs of MTC networks. The effectiveness of this approach has been validated through empirical analysis, showing considerable improvements in operational performance and energy efficiency. These improvements mark a significant step toward achieving an optimal balance between efficiency and security for MTC networks. However, the research acknowledges ongoing challenges, including the trade-off between security and efficiency and the issue of compatibility with older devices, suggesting these as areas for future study. The paper outlines potential research paths, including using machine learning for better group management, adopting post-quantum cryptographic methods, applying hardware acceleration, and pushing to standardize these technologies. This work significantly advances the field of secure and efficient communication in MTC, a critical component of the growing Internet of Things (IoT) landscape, setting the stage for future breakthroughs.

Internet of Things (IoT) System for Diagnosing Power Transformer Faults using the IEC 60076-1 Standard: Review

The evaluation of Internet of Things (IoT), which are contracted to research the adoption or acceptance of IoT technology, is deemed to be a subject of vital importance. Studying the adoption or admissibility of IoT technology is not a brand-new study area, and numerous scholars have undertaken the task. The current and upcoming generations of Internet are being shaped by the Internet of Things (IoT). The main aim of this survey, contrasted with previous surveys, is to systematically evaluate the IoT technology research in condition monitoring of power transformers to proffer a thorough cursor that can facilitate scholars to accomplish additional research in IoT acceptance. Almost all appliances may now be remotely monitored and connected to the internet thanks to the Internet of Things. Power transformers play a crucial role in electrical distribution networks, and their reliable operation is paramount. The existing diagnostic tests outlined in the IEC 60076-1 standard are essential for ensuring transformer health but suffer from manual procedures, leaving them susceptible to human error. This traditional method not only introduces the potential for inaccuracies due to human involvement but also incurs significant operational costs and delays. The need to physically dispatch technicians to transformer sites for routine diagnostics hampers timely fault detection and preventive maintenance. Therefore, there exists a pressing need to modernize and enhance the diagnostic procedures by integrating emerging technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT). This paper will review the most recent techniques for transformer health tracking system using IoT and highlight the contemporary approaches. A total of 50 primary research literature that was published between 2018 and 2024 were surveyed in this review paper.