Operations Management Problems Research Articles

Strengthening Higher Education performance Management

This study aims to examine the institutional and operational dimensions of performance management of the Government Agency Performance Accountability System (SAKIP) of Higher Education. Empirically, the strengthening of both dimensions in higher education performance management includes, 1) Institutional guarantees stably through commitment, legitimacy, and digital leadership. 2) Operational systems through planning, measurement, and internal reporting and evaluation. To achieve the objectives of this research qualitative descriptive method was used. This research method is used to reveal the problems of higher education performance management. This research was conducted at Gorontalo State University (UNG). The informants of this research include elements of leadership, management team, lecturers, and education personnel who are directly involved and influenced by decision-making. Data collection was carried out by interview, observation, and documentation which were then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman data analysis technique. The research findings show that performance management at UNG can be seen fundamentally and in a more macro perspective by, 1) The legality of providing internal policies as guidelines in carrying out university performance in a stable manner. 2) Information technology support through an integrated system of information systems in supporting the operational mechanism of higher education performance data management.
 Keywords: technology support, data integration, electronic system, internal policy, legality

정수 선형 분수 계획법 문제에 대한 파라메트릭 접근법

In this paper, we focus on the integer linear fractional optimization problem, a special case of fractional programming where all functions in the objective function and constraints are linear and all variables are bounded and discrete. To derive the optimal solution, the parametric algorithms are considered, and the efficiency of the algorithms is investigated computationally. Unlike traditional parametric algorithms such as Newton's method, which create a unidirectional sequence approaching the optimal function value, our proposed algorithm generates both upper and lower bounds converging to this value. To demonstrate its effectiveness across various production and operations management problems, the suggested algorithms are used to solve the fractional knapsack problem by comparison to other algorithms (e.g., Newton’s method) under the randomized experimental conditions. The relative practical performance measured by the number of function calls demonstrates that the proposed algorithms are fast and robust for solving the linear fractional programs with discrete variables. Leveraging this algorithm holds the potential to overcome situations in traditional production and operations problems where non-fractional objective functions were previously unconsidered, thereby expecting to derive new outcomes and significance.

Методы поддержки принятия решений в оперативном управлении при чрезвычайных ситуациях: обзор исследований

The article examines the problem of operational management in emergencies. At the content level, an analysis of strategic, tactical and operational management in emergency situations was carried out, and their intended purpose was determined. The content of operational management decisions at different stages of emergency situations has been studied. Limitations that directly affect operational management in emergencies have been identified. 
 A systematic analysis of scientific research is carried out and examples are given in the context of work related to operational management in emergencies regarding the stages of emergency development. Research highlights include articles in the fields of mathematical modeling, simulation modeling, game theory and decision making, artificial intelligence and knowledge management. The main promising directions for further research have been identified.

An Adaptive Robust Optimization Model for Microgrids Operation Using Convexified AC Power Flow Equations

Considering the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) into power grids, adopting efficient energy management strategies is vital to mitigate the uncertainty issues resulting from the intermittent nature of their output power. This paper aims to resolve the energy management problem by presenting an adaptive robust optimization (ARO) model in which uncertainties associated with solar and wind powers, consumer demand, and electricity prices are considered. The proposed model comprises three stages, one master and two subproblems, using both linearized and convexified power flow equations. Meanwhile, a new optimization-based bound tightening (OBBT) method is also presented to strengthen the relaxation. The proposed solution method solves the microgrid (MG) operation management problem with high accuracy due to considering the convexification method in a reasonable computational time and reducing operational costs compared to conventional models. The numerical results indicate the benefits of the proposed ARO and solution approach over traditional methods.

Privacy-Preserving Operation Management of Battery Swapping and Charging System With Dual-Based Benders Decomposition

The battery swapping and charging system (BSCS) is an emerging and promising infrastructure to provide the energy refueling service for EVs. However, each operator (i.e., battery swapping module (BSM) operator and battery charging module (BCM) operator) in BSCS has privacy-preserving requirement and individual interest, which brings challenge to the operation management of BSCS. To this end, this paper investigates the privacy-preserving operation management problem (OMP) of BSCS from a social perspective, in which a comprehensive battery-swapping-charging process is modeled. Specifically, we first model the OMP as a constrained mixed-integer programming (MIP), where the evolutionary of the dynamic battery inventory and the SoC of charging batteries are considered simultaneously. Due to the privacy-preserving requirements of different operators and the strong coupling between continuous and binary decision variables, a novel dual-based Benders decomposition (DBD) algorithm is then developed, which has the following two merits: 1) Each BCM and BSM operator can independently solve its own charging and swapping scheduling problem, thus preserving the privacy of individual operator; 2) The combination of dual decomposition and Benders decomposition techniques facilitates a parallel implementation, thus improving the scheduling efficiency and saving the computational time. Finally, simulation results are provided to validate the effectiveness and scalability of the proposed algorithm.

Research on Optimization Strategies of Employee Performance Management in K Engineering Company

This article takes employees of K Engineering Company in Guizhou Province as the research object, and uses literature research, interview, and questioning methods The questionnaire survey method and empirical research method are used to analyze the current implementation status of performance management in K Engineering Company, identify the main problems in its performance management, and finally propose specific and feasible optimization plans for the identified problems. This article adopts data from a questionnaire survey conducted on employees of K Engineering Company, and through empirical analysis of the company's strategic policies and development goals, it is found that there are several problems in the performance evaluation of K Engineering Company employees, such as unreasonable setting of evaluation indicators during the performance goal setting stage, and inconsistency between performance management and job positions; In the performance monitoring and coaching stage, there are problems with a single performance monitoring method and a mere formality in performance coaching; In the execution stage of performance appraisal, there are problems such as ineffective performance appraisal methods, unfair company performance appraisal, and low participation of company performance appraisal employees; In the feedback stage of performance application, there are issues such as the lack of established performance communication and feedback channels, the insignificant incentive effect of employee performance management, and low satisfaction with the application of employee performance evaluation results. Analyze the reasons for the problems in employee performance management of K Engineering Company, propose an optimization plan for performance evaluation of relevant personnel, and optimize performance evaluation indicators, content, cycle, feedback and application of performance results, I hope that the research in this article can provide assistance to K Engineering Company in terms of performance management system, and can provide guidance for K Engineering Company Contribute to high-quality development.

Using the integration of human resource management strategies at district level to improve workforce performance: analysis of workplan designs in three African countries

BackgroundThere is a worldwide shortage of health workers against WHO recommended staffing levels to achieve Universal Health Coverage. To improve the performance of the existing health workforce a set of integrated human resources (HR) strategies are needed to address the root causes of these shortages. The PERFORM2Scale project uses an action research approach to support district level management teams to develop appropriate workplans to address service delivery and workforce-related problems using a set of integrated human resources strategies. This paper provides evidence of the feasibility of supporting managers at district level to design appropriate integrated workplans to address these problems.MethodsThe study used content analysis of documents including problem trees and 43 workplans developed by 28 district health management teams (DHMT) across three countries between 2018 and 2021 to identify how appropriate basic planning principles and the use of integrated human resource and health systems strategies were used in the design of the workplans developed. Four categories of HR strategies were used for the analysis (availability, direction, competencies, rewards and sanctions) and the relationship between HR and wider health systems strategies was also examined.ResultsAbout half (49%) of the DHMTs selected service-delivery problems while others selected workforce performance (46%) or general management (5%) problems, yet all workplans addressed health workforce-related causes through integrated workplans. Most DHMTs used a combination of strategies for improving direction and competencies. The use of strategies to improve availability and the use of rewards and sanctions was more common amongst DHMTs in Ghana; this may be related to availability of decision-space in these areas. Other planning considerations such as link between problem and strategy, inclusion of gender and use of indicators were evident in the design of the workplans.ConclusionsThe study has demonstrated that, with appropriate support using an action research approach, DHMTs are able to design workplans which include integrated HR strategies. This process will help districts to address workforce and other service delivery problems as well as improving ‘health workforce literacy' of DHMT members which will benefit the country more broadly if and when any of the team members is promoted.

MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF WATER REGULATION PROCESSES ON DUAL-ACTION DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

The solution of the problem of increasing water regulation areas in the Polissia zone of Ukraine requires investigation and development of new, more effective methods for determining structural parameters of drainage systems when developing projects for their reconstruction in accordance with the requirements aimed at ensuring water regulation during systems’ operation. The paper considers the problem of improving the efficiency of water regulation on dual-action drainage systems by using mathematical modelling tools to determine the structural parameters of the systems and the parameters of their operational management. The proposed means are based on the use of Richards equation stated in terms of water head. As a tool for scenario modelling, an initial-boundary value problem of modelling moisture transfer on dual-action systems is formulated and a finite-difference scheme for obtaining its numerical solution is given. We consider the problem of determining the depth of drains installation and the distance between them at which the system provides not only the drainage of soil’s surface layer, but also the maintenance of its moisture supply level in a given range with a minimum need for irrigation during the growing season. The algorithm for solving such a problem is presented. It is based on the construction of a set of admissible values of system’s parameters using, in particular, the bisection method, followed by the minimization of an objective function on this set. Under the conditions when the implementation of underground water supply technology is economically impractical, the possibility of supplementing the drainage system with an irrigation system is considered. In this case, the cost of building a drainage system and an additional irrigation system is a criterion for the optimality of system’s parameters. Additionally, we consider the problem of operational management of water regulation, i.e., the determination, given the initial distribution of moisture, of the optimal control influences necessary to ensure an acceptable level of moisture availability during a given period of time. This minimization problem is proposed to be solved by a genetic algorithm. The results of modelling the operation of a dual-action system and the optimization of its parameters under the conditions of drained peat soils of the Panfyly Research Station (Ukraine, Kyiv region) are presented.

Modeling repair demand in existence of a nonstationary installed base

Life cycles of products consist of 3 phases, namely growth, maturity, and decline phases. Modeling repair demand is particularly difficult in the growth and decline stages due to nonstationarity. In this study, we suggest respective stochastic models that capture the dynamics of repair demand in these two phases. We apply our theory to two different operations management problems. First, using the moments of spare parts demand, we suggest an algorithm that selects a parametric distribution from the hypergeometric family (Ord, 1967) for each period in time. We utilize the algorithm in a single echelon inventory control problem. Second, we focus on investment decisions of Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) to extend economic lifetimes of products with technology upgrades. Our results indicate that the second moment is sufficient for growing customer bases, whereas using the third moment doubles the approximation quality of theoretical distributions for a declining customer base. From a cost minimization perspective, using higher moments of demand leads to savings up to 13.6% compared to the single-moment approach. Also, we characterize the optimal investment policy for lifetime extension decisions from risk-neutral and risk-averse perspectives. We find that there exists a critical level of investment cost and installed base size for profitability of lifetime extension for OEMs. From a managerial point of view, we find that a risk-neutral decision maker finds the lifetime extension problem profitable. In contrast, even a slight risk aversion can make the lifetime extension decision economically undesirable.

Research and implementation of non-linear management and monitoring system for classified information network

Abstract In order to better realize the secret-related information monitoring system, an algorithm based on a nonlinear network is proposed and is combined with the traditional algorithm. This article mainly analyzes the theory of nonlinear networks, designs and trains new network parameters according to their own needs, and combines the nonlinear network as a feature extractor with the existing intrusion detection and wandering detection algorithms, which greatly improves the recognition ability of traditional algorithms. The main feature of a nonlinear network is that it can extract the positional features of objects from the network while also extracting object features, that is, positioning and classification are realized in the same network. As a feature extractor, this network can not only have a higher recognition rate than background difference, hog, and other algorithms but also have a greater ability to extract position information than other convolutional neural networks. The successful application of nonlinear production network systems in TV stations at all levels has greatly improved the editing and production capability and efficiency of TV programs. How to ensure the safe, reliable, stable, orderly, and efficient operation of nonlinear production network systems requires vendors and TVS Taiwan technical staff to jointly conduct in-depth research and summarize their findings. In this article, from the perspective of TV users, information components in nonlinear production network systems are analyzed, including class, title management mode, storage space management, material management, security management, and workflow management in nonlinear systems. Make some analysis, discussion, and summaries of network system and operation management problems. The experimental results show that the nonlinear algorithm in this article has a significant advantage over the original tracking algorithm; that is, most tracking algorithms do not have the ability of category recognition during the initial tracking process, which means that these tracking algorithms cannot accurately know what they are tracking. Because the nonlinear network has the ability to output categories, whether it is initial tracking or tracking loss recovery, nonlinearity has fundamentally better advantages than other tracking algorithms. Therefore, it can be predicted that there is a strong recognition ability in the later monitoring and wandering detection. It has been proved that the nonlinear algorithm can be effectively applied to the secret information monitoring system.

Research on Teachers’ Performance Management Problems in Yulin Vocational and Technical College and Solutions

Research on Teachers’ Performance Management Problems in Yulin Vocational and Technical College and Solutions

Research on the Performance Management Problems of Gushi Rural Commercial Bank

The continued development of China's market economy has resulted in the Rural Commercial Banks expanding their business scale, however, traditional individual performance measurement models have had difficulty adjusting to the bank's deepening development needs. It is important that Rural Commercial Banks concentrate on accurate positioning and development goals and continuously optimize the current performance management system to mobilize the enthusiasm of personnel and improve work efficiency. This paper mainly explores the performance management problems of Gushi Rural Commercial Bank and suggests ways to formulate performance management plans tailored to its characteristics with a focus on improving performance assessment feedback and communication systems, clarifying assessment performance, implementing assessment results more effectively, and strengthening the application of assessment results.

Research on operation management problems in the takeaway express delivery industry: A case study on the operation and management of "Meituan" takeaway

In recent years, people's standard of living has been rising and the pace of life has become increasingly fast, with higher demands on dietary conditions as well as the need for more efficient and convenient meal times to save time for work and other activities. As a result, there is a clear prospect of a booming takeaway industry, which is of wide interest to all sectors of society. This study will use literature search and case studies as the main research methods, focusing on the operation and management of Meituan's takeaway, and analyses its business model, business pain points and dilemmas, and make suggestions for improving and refining the management of the organization from theories of organizational behavior and management.

Tackling wicked problems in performance management and governance of public health: an empirical analysis of COVID-19 vaccination strategies

PurposePublic health strategies and activities are intrinsically complex. According to the literature, this “wickedness” depends on the different interests and expectations of the stakeholders and the community, the fragmented governance of the related services and the challenges in measuring and assessing public health outcomes. Existent performance measures and management systems for public health are not designed to cope with wickedness since they are mainly focused on inputs and outputs, neglecting broader outcomes because of their long-term impact and the poor accountability of results. This research aims to tackle this shortfall by adopting a dynamic performance management (DPM) approach.Design/methodology/approachThis research explores the case of the vaccination campaign of a Regional Health System. Through the analysis of an illustrative case study, the research discusses both opportunities and limits of the proposed approach.FindingsThis research highlights that DPM supports performance management (PM) in wicked contexts, thanks to the adoption of a system-wide perspective and the possibility of using simulation to experiment with alternative strategies and benchmarking performance results with simulated trends.Originality/valueThis article tackles a gap related to the management of wicked problems both from a theory and a practical perspective. In particular, this research suggests the adoption of DPM as an approach that may support policymakers in tackling social pluralism, institutional complexity and scientific uncertainty all at once.

Теоретическое обоснование выбора скоростного режима при ходовом тестовом экспресс-диагностировании агрегатов трансмиссии

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to solve the problem of operational management of the current technical condition of the rolling stock. Based on this, technical diagnostics activities become important because they allow you to quickly identify the current technical condition of the vehicle in question. At the same time, it is important, even at the stage of planning diagnostic measures, to choose such operational modes of movement along the test section that would ensure the best information content of the test runs. The theoretical substantiation of the choice of speed modes of arrivals of the studied vehicles along the test section of the road during express diagnostics was the purpose of this work. Research methods: analytical mechanics, differential methods, matrix calculus methods, mathematical numerical methods. The main results are in the proposal of a dynamic model of the vehicle transmission, which takes into account the disturbing effects from the engine and from the support base of the test section, where diagnostic runs are carried out. The amplitude-frequency characteristics of vibration accelerations of the vehicle body are calculated when it moves at given speeds along the simulated test diagnostic section. The practical significance of the study is confirmed by the results of the analysis of the obtained graphs, during which a conclusion was made about the most vibration-dangerous frequency ranges. This is important, since vibrations that occur at certain frequencies, which are directly dependent on the speed of movement, as a rule, cause the most intense responses in specific components and parts of transmission units. Further research is related to the theoretical substantiation of the choice of rational ranges of speed modes of the studied vehicles on the test diagnostic section of the support base, taking into account the characteristics and features of its surfaces. The results of the work are aimed at improving the system of maintenance and repair of the rolling stock of motor vehicles, namely, its diagnosis to determine the presence and degree of development of operational defects and damage, as well as the current technical condition of the transmission units.

Performance Management in Improving Competitive Advantage at School

The problem of performance management in Islamic educational institutions is still often carried out for only periodic formal assessments for promotion/position. The fantastic number of Muhammadiyah educational institutions, in fact, does not necessarily show their competitive advantage as a whole. Muhammadiyah schools in the outskirts of Wonogiri district (rural areas) are often judged for their management from the road, labeled as discarded schools, unable to compete with public schools, and being underestimated by the community. Muhammadiyah educational institutions are expected to be able to get out of this situation by building a competitive advantage that can be achieved through proper performance management, in line with opportunities and the surrounding environment. Research at SD Muhammadiyah (PK) Pracimantoro and SD Muhammadiyah Inovatif Baturetno, aims to obtain a description based on field facts about planning, implementing, and evaluating performance management in achieving competitive advantage. This field research uses a qualitative approach by emphasizing the analysis of descriptive data in the form of written and spoken words and pictures. The data in this study were collected through interviews and documentation methods. Data analysis was carried out using the inductive method through several steps, namely: data collection accompanied by data reduction, presenting data in the form of narratives and descriptions, then drawing conclusions. The results of this study are performance management in achieving competitive advantage at SD Muhammadiyah PK Pracimantoro and SD Muhammadiyah Innovative Baturetno, carried out in three stages. First, planning includes: goal setting, recruitment of teachers and education personnel, performance agreements. Second, implementation. At the implementation stage of performance management contains several activities, namely: coaching discipline, motivation, competency development, and awards. Third, performance evaluation taken by two approaches, namely formal and informal. This process is carried out in order to realize school excellence that focuses on educational aspects, including: (1) Location; (2) Value excellence, which includes: curriculum, educational services, teaching staff, infrastructure, educational programs, and graduate achievements.

ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ РЕСУРСІВ АЕРОПОРТУ ДЛЯ НАЗЕМНОГО ОБСЛУГОВУВАННЯ ПОВІТРЯНИХ СУДЕН В УМОВАХ НЕВИЗНАЧЕНОСТІ

Introduction. The changes that are taking place in Ukraine due to the influence of both global and regional factors lead to the fact that airports needs to review the concepts of managing the company’s activities and look for new strategies for functioning on the market. This article examines the main causes of flight delays that affect the operation of airport services and thus cause uncertainty. The activity of domestic airports is analyzed. The problem of operational planning and management of ground handling of aircraft at the airport is considered. Criteria for the effectiveness of ground handling of aircraft at the airport have been determined. Problems statement. Aviation transport in Ukraine is one of the main transport elements of the transport and logistics system of the country and the world. But it is also the most expensive mode of transport, which greatly affects the price of transportation. Transportation costs exceed 50%, and their reduction is the main goal of the transportation process. Therefore, for this, it is necessary to optimize the distribution of material and technical resources during the ground handling of aircraft at the airport. That is, regardless of flight delays, readiness to service the aircraft must be ensured by all airport services regardless of deviations from the daily flight schedule. Purpose. Analysis of the feasibility of optimizing material and technical resources during ground maintenance of aircraft, in order to increase the efficiency of the airport. The object of the study is the largest international airport «Boryspil», which, according to information from analysts, will have an even greater load after the war. The subject of the study is ground handling of aircraft at the airport. Materials and methods. Statistical analysis of ukrainian airports. Analysis of information sources regarding airline flight delays. Mathematical method of process research. Results. After studying the statistical data of ukrainian airports, it was concluded that due to the successful geographical location, the flows through them will increase. The main goal of Ukraine’s transport strategy is to integrate Ukraine’s transport complex into the global transport network, which also includes air transport. Therefore, in order to stay afloat and be competitive, it is necessary to introduce and improve the provision of services. Conclusions. Clearly organized ground handling of aircraft at the airport allows to optimize the use of material and technical resources, increase the number of serviced flights and affects the effective operation of the airport, its capacity.

Research on Performance Management Evaluation of Public Sports Venues Based on GFAHP

The importance of public stadiums has become increasingly prominent, but the efficiency of its performance management operation mechanism is low, which affects the overall operation efficiency of the whole stadium. However, due to the diversity and incompleteness of its data types, the traditional analytic hierarchy process is difficult to construct its index system. This article introduces the grey fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Based on the analysis of its performance management problems, this article constructs the index system and makes an application case analysis. The results show that the GFAHP method (group fuzzy analytic hierarchy process) can ensure the integrity of information data. In data classification, the highest accuracy of sample classification is 40.13%, and the relative error rate is basically less than 6%. The performance effect is much higher than other classification algorithms. At the same time, the total score of the evaluation index system constructed by GFAHP is more than 3, the overall operation is good, and the risk evaluation effect of each influencing index factor is also good. Using the grey analytic hierarchy process to evaluate the operation and performance management of public stadiums and gymnasiums will help managers do a good job in risk control and quality dynamic adjustment, so as to improve the operation efficiency and benefit of stadiums and gymnasiums.

Towards the Integration of Sustainable Transportation and Smart Grids: A Review on Electric Vehicles’ Management

In this paper, a survey is presented on the use of optimization models for the integration of electric vehicles (EVs) and charging stations (CSs) in the energy system, paying particular attention both to planning problems (i.e., those problems related to long term decisions such as the siting and sizing of CSs), and operational management problems (i.e., the optimal scheduling of EVs in smart grids, microgrids and buildings taking into account vehicle-to-grid (V2G) capabilities). Moreover, specific attention was dedicated to decision problems that couple transportation and electrical networks, such as the energy demand assessment for a vehicle over a path and routing and charging decision problems for goods and people transportation. Finally, an effort was dedicated to highlighting the integration and the use of EVs in very recent regulation frameworks, with specific reference to the participation in the balancing market through the figure of an aggregator and the inclusion in the management of Energy Communities (ECs) and sustainable districts.

Heterogeneous fleet management for one-way electric carsharing system with optional orders, vehicle relocation and on-demand recharging

As a part of the trend of shared transport, carsharing has received increasing attention over the recent years. We address the operation management problem of a heterogeneous electric vehicle fleet in a one-way carsharing system with relocation and on-demand recharging activities, to fulfill the optional rental orders that are known in advance. We present a mixed-integer linear programming formulation for the problem with the objective to maximize the overall profit, which can be solved to the optimum for instances with up to 50 rental orders by CPLEX within an hour. To deal with large-scale problems, we apply the Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition technique and propose an approach which hybridizes the ant colony optimization (ACO) metaheuristics into the column generation framework to quickly solve the pricing subproblems. The evaluation experiments using randomly generated instances of different scales have shown that, the proposed hybrid approach is both efficient and efficacious: (1) the gap between the solutions by the hybrid approach and the optimal solutions is below 5% in average for small instances; (2) for large instances with over 100 rental orders, the overall performance of the hybrid approach is significantly better than those of CPLEX and ACO metaheuristics, with rather short time consumption. Furthermore, a case study is conducted based on practical transportation data of Beijing, using the net profit and order fulfillment rate as performance criteria. Insightful findings have been revealed by sensitivity analysis.