Operation Of Enterprises Research Articles

The Impact of Regional Economic Integration on International Commercial Law: The Cases of the EU and ASEAN

This paper explores the profound impact of regional economic integration on international commercial law by analyzing the cases of the European Union (EU) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The study first outlines the theoretical foundations and main types of regional economic integration. It then delves into the high degree of legal unification in the EU and the flexible legal coordination in ASEAN. By comparing their legal systems, corporate law, contract law, and dispute resolution mechanisms, the paper reveals how the EU plays a leading role in international commercial law through its strict legal framework, while ASEAN achieves regional cooperation through non-binding consensus mechanisms. The research finds that regional economic integration not only enhances legal standards and innovation in international commercial law but also significantly impacts the legal compliance and business operations of multinational enterprises. The paper concludes with policy recommendations to strengthen regional legal cooperation and further harmonize international commercial law, and it suggests future research directions, including the impact of other regional economic integration organizations and deeper studies into specific legal fields.

Structural Equation Modeling of Green Economy Outcomes in Thailand’s Manufacturing Industry

This research aimed to analyze the causal relationship model and outcomes of the Green Economy in Thailand’s manufacturing industry. Data was collected through a questionnaire targeting small and medium enterprise (SME) operators in the Thai textile manufacturing industry, who are registered as legal entities and SME members. The statistical analysis involved confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). The major findings revealed that the structural model was well-aligned with the empirical data. The study demonstrated that the Green Economy, market effectiveness, and competitive advantage all had significant positive effects on business performance. Further analysis showed that the Green Economy directly influenced market pressures and competitive advantage. Additionally, the study identified positive direct relationships between market pressures, green dynamic capabilities, and socially responsible leadership with the Green Economy.

Study on the Causes and Countermeasures of Enterprise Financial Risk

In the environment of fierce competition, the financial security of enterprises becomes extremely important. Enterprise financial security is a key issue in enterprise operation, which directly affects the survival and development of an enterprise. Therefore, enterprises should always pay attention to their financial situation, improve risk awareness, and establish a sound financial risk prevention system. Business management should take appropriate action to respond to changing domestic and international trends. This paper analyzes the financial risk of the company, and studies preventive measures according to the analysis results to reduce the financial risk of the company and improve the market competitiveness of the company in the challenging competitive environment, so as to provide guarantee for the sustainable development of the company.

The Role of Shareholder Management and Market Management in the Enterprise Operations Management-Enterprise Performance Relationship

This research aims to explore the moderating roles of shareholder management and market management in the relationship between operational management and firm performance. By conducting an empirical analysis of 1929 U.S. companies from 2015 to 2023, the results demonstrate that shareholder management capability and market management capability significantly moderate this relationship. Specifically, higher shareholder management capability optimizes firm performance by enhancing the efficiency of shareholder equity utilization and increasing decision-making flexibility, while higher market management capability improves performance by effectively responding to market fluctuations and demand changes. The findings support the financial management perspective of global strategy, emphasizing the importance of efficient financial resource management in international firms. This research provides new insights into the complex roles of shareholder management and market management in enhancing firm performance, particularly in the context of U.S. companies.

Risk Prevention and Countermeasure Analysis in Enterprise Capital Operation

Under the premise of the continuous development of the economic market, enterprises must constantly expand their business scope and scale if they want to establish a foothold in the market competition, because the enterprise promotes the efficient operation of capital through the use of capital operation, laying the foundation for the improvement of enterprise efficiency. In the capital operation, because of the influence of internal and external environment, the risks faced by the capital operation of enterprises also increase, so it is very necessary to study how to prevent the risks of the capital operation of enterprises and countermeasures. Based on the relevant laws of the development of the market economy, this paper carries out a multi-angle analysis, and puts forward countermeasures to prevent the risks of enterprise capital operation, aiming at promoting the efficient and benign development of enterprise capital operation and making enterprises take the road of sustainable development.

Impact of the carbon market on investment benefits of power-grid enterprises in China: A system dynamics analysis

The power grid, as the hub connecting the power supply and consumption sides, plays an important role in achieving carbon neutrality in China. In emerging carbon markets, assessing the investment benefits of power-grid enterprises is essential. Thus, studying the impact of the carbon market on the investment and operation of power- grid enterprises is key to ensuring their efficient operation. Notably, few studies have examined the interaction between the carbon and electricity markets using system dynamics models, highlighting a research gap in this area. This study investigates the impact of the carbon market on the investment of power-grid enterprises using a novel evaluation system based on a system dynamics model that considers carbon-emissions from an established carbon-emission accounting model. First, an index system for benefit evaluation was constructed from six aspects: financing ability, economic benefit, reliability, social responsibility, user satisfaction, and carbon-emissions. A system dynamics model was then developed to reflect the causal feedback relationship between the impact of the carbon market on the investment and operation of power-grid enterprises. The simulation results of a provincial power-grid enterprise analyze comprehensive investment evaluation benefits over a 10-year period and the impact of carbon emissions on the investment and operation of power-grid enterprises. This study provides guidelines for the benign development of power-grid enterprises within the context of the carbon market.

Methodological approaches to the functioning of the passenger transportation market: Airline, road and railway segments

Passenger transportation plays a critical role in ensuring efficient functioning of the economy, as it provides labour mobility, access to markets, cultural, and social services, and promotes the development of international tourism and social integration. Thus, the purpose of the research was to analyse methodological foundations of the functioning of the passenger transportation market and to assess the war impact on the condition and development of air, bus, and rail passenger transportation. With the help of the bibliographic method, key scientific papers have been analysed in the article to study the theoretical foundation and identify problematic issues, calling for improvement and development. Using the generalisation method, leading organisations, ensuring the functioning of the passenger transportation market, have been identified and summarised, and the general principles of its functioning have been formulated. Using comparative and grouping methods, methodological approaches to air, bus, and rail passenger transportation in the context of economic, regulatory, technological, ecological, and social foundations have been proposed. The necessary prerequisites for the effective functioning of the passenger transportation market have been determined by grouping the most significant aspects, such as liberalisation and competition, state regulation and standardisation, investments and innovations, as well as effective cooperation between stakeholders in the field of passenger transportation. Using tabular and graphical methods, the war impact on air, bus, and rail passenger transportation has been considered through the lens of the caused damage, the amount of destruction, and the necessary restoration and reduction of passenger traffic. The peculiarities of enterprise operation in wartime have been identified with the emphasis on strategically important features of functioning and development, and patterns in passenger transportation have been revealed with the help of the content analysis method. The results of the research can be useful for specialists in the field of passenger transportation and tourism when analysing the passenger transportation market, forming strategies, and considering development trends

A Study on the Work Flexibility of Employees in the Post Epidemic Era

With the outbreak and continuation of the global COVID-19 epidemic, the traditional office model and workplace culture have been unprecedentedly impacted. This epidemic has not only changed people's daily lifestyles, but also had a profound impact on enterprise operations and employee work patterns. In the post pandemic era, the issue of employee work flexibility has become increasingly important and has become a focus of concern for both enterprises and employees. This study focuses on the profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on employees' work patterns, particularly the flexibility of time and space. It examines the concept of work flexibility, analyzes the shift in time flexibility for employees in the post-pandemic era, and its effect on company operations and employee satisfaction. By delving into the Google case, this article demonstrates the practicality of spatial flexibility in enhancing employee productivity and satisfaction. The research reveals that post-pandemic flexible work policies, such as remote work, not only help companies navigate uncertainty but also have the potential to reshape future work models. However, attention should be paid to addressing new challenges arising from this, such as work-life balance and digital divide issues. This article aims to provide a theoretical basis and practical insights for policymakers and business leaders to achieve more efficient, humane post-pandemic era work organizations.

Construction Path and Practical Significance of Ideological and Political Education for the Course “Enterprise Operation Management”—Taking the Academic Postgraduate Business Administration Major at the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology as an Example

Construction Path and Practical Significance of Ideological and Political Education for the Course “Enterprise Operation Management”—Taking the Academic Postgraduate Business Administration Major at the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology as an Example

Corporate Accounting Management Risks Integrating Improved Association Rules and Data Mining

With the development of the times, enterprises need to face more data in operational decision-making. Traditional data analysis strategies cannot handle the growing amount of data well, and the accuracy of analysis will also decrease when faced with uneven data types. The research uses a corporate accounting management risk analysis technology that combines big data algorithms and improved clustering algorithms. This method combines big data processing ideas with a clustering algorithm that incorporates improved weighting parameters. The results show that on the data sets DS1, DS2, and DS3, the NMI values of the GMM algorithm are all 0; while the NMI values of the MCM algorithm correspond to 0.9291, 0.9088 and 0.8881 respectively. At the same time, the Macro-F1 values of the Verify2 algorithm correspond to 0.9979, 0.9501, and 0.9375 respectively, and the recognition accuracy of the data remains above 85%. In the running time comparison, when the number of samples in the data set reaches 5,000, the calculation time of the Verify2 algorithm remains within 5 seconds. In terms of practical application results, the study selected the profitability risk indicators of 40 companies for analysis. After conducting risk ratings, it can be seen that companies No. 5, 6, 7, and 39 have the highest risk levels, and companies No. 33 and 34 have the highest risk levels. The lowest level. After conducting risk assessments on the 40 selected listed companies, the risk level of net asset income of each company remained at level 5, and the risk level of earnings per share remained at level 3. The above results show that this technology has good performance in terms of calculation accuracy and calculation time, can assess enterprise risks, and can provide data support for enterprise operation decisions.

Who Exactly Has China's Pilot Free Trade Zone Attracted？ —— Evidence from Quasi Natural Experiments Based on 282 Cities

The pilot free trade zone is an institutional attempt under China's opening-up pattern, and its policy effects have played an important role in the high-quality development of the Chinese economy. Based on the balanced panel data of 282 cities in China from 2008 to 2021, this article adopts a multi-stage difference method and takes the establishment of free trade zones as a quasi-natural experiment to explore the role of free trade experiments in attracting enterprises from different sources. The main conclusion of the study is that the establishment of the free trade zone has significantly increased the proportion of enterprises in Chinese Mainland in the city, but also significantly squeezed out foreign-funded enterprises and Chinese Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan funded enterprises. This conclusion has passed a series of robustness tests; The study also found that foreign-funded enterprises exhibit higher resilience when facing pressure than enterprises from Chinese Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan in China. Heterogeneity analysis found that the crowding out effect only works in cities in China's coastal provinces. The study suggests that in order to attract foreign-funded enterprises and more effectively promote the operation of enterprises from Chinese Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in cities of Chinese Mainland, policy makers need to enhance the competitive advantages of foreign-funded enterprises and enterprises from Chinese Mainland, Macao and Taiwan compared with enterprises in mainland China, so as to diversify the source of enterprises in cities and expand the level of opening up.

Legal Awareness of Micro and Small Enterprise Operators Regarding Halal Certification: A Maslaha Perspective

The halal certification of food products is essential for consumer protection and should be harmonized with the practices of small-scale micro-producers to ensure security and mutual benefits in accordance with Islamic teachings. However, micro-businesses have been observed to possess varied perceptions toward the certification program. Based on this understanding, the present study aims to categorize awareness of the benefits and legal aspects of digitalizing the process of obtaining the certification using a theoretical legal system approach. In order to achieve the stated objective, qualitative data was gathered from different sources such as micro-business owners, halal certifiers, and beneficiaries of halal-certified food products. The obtained results showed that micro-businesses in serang-Banten often register for halal certification due to regulatory requirements and potential sanctions, rather than a deep understanding of the benefits of halal-certified products. This finding emphasized the persistence of a lack of significant awareness among micro-businesses regarding the advantages of obtaining halal certification. Accordingly, during the course of the investigation, the dominant challenges experienced include administrative complexities in the self-declaration process and the availability of qualified halal certifiers for high-risk food ingredients. To address these issues, there is an essential necessity for the development of a streamlined certification system that supports micro-businesses, facilitates application processes, and monitors the potential misuse of fake halal logos. Lastly, following the observations made, it can be inferred that digitizing the process of halal certification for both the registration and labeling of food products would improve consumer confidence and ease supervision.

Analisis Penerapan PSAK 24 Mengenai Imbalan Pasca Kerja Pada PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk

This research was conducted at a state-owned enterprise (SOE) operating in the financial sector, specifically in banking, namely PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, commonly referred to as BNI. The aim of this study is to examine the presentation and reporting of the implementation of PSAK 24 employee benefits, particularly post-employment benefits at PT Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk. The data used in this research is entirely secondary data, and the analytical technique employed is a descriptive quantitative method. The data used in this study includes the financial statements of PT Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk for the period 2020-2022. The data was collected from PT Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk and the official website of PT Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk. The results of the research at PT Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk indicate that the presentation and reporting of employee benefits are in accordance with PSAK 24. The employee benefits of PT Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk are recorded in the income statement, and in the statement of financial position, they are recorded as a liability account for employee benefits. The differences in the gains (losses) of employee benefits are recorded in the comprehensive income statement.

The Role of Social Capital in the Development of Native Chicken Enterprises: A Case Study at P4S Laskar Andalas

This study investigates the increase in native chicken population in Koto Parik Gadang Diateh District of South Solok Regency, credited to the transformation of MFH Farm into Pusat Pelatihan Pertanian dan Pedesaan Swadaya (P4S) Laskar Andalas. The objectives of this study include describing P4S Laskar Andalas' profile and role in native chicken business development and analyzing social capital's impact on the local economy through chicken farming. Using a case study approach, key informants such as P4S Laskar Andalas, KUB PM Koto Parik, native chicken breeders, and local restaurants were engaged. Findings reveal P4S Laskar Andalas' diverse role in native chicken husbandry, including enterprise operation, advisory services, and business partnerships. Strong social bonds between P4S Laskar Andalas, KUB-PM Koto Parik, and breeders indicate robust bonding social capital. Additionally, positive relationships with Sungai Kalu Restaurant and Teras Ayam Kampung Restaurant reflect well on bridging social capital. The strong association between P4S Laskar Andalas and the Agriculture Office of South Solok Regency demonstrates strong linkage social capital. These results underscore social capital's role in facilitating collaborative efforts and enhancing the local economy through native chicken farming.

Whether the Natural Forest Logging Ban Promotes the Improvement and Realization of the Ecosystem Service Value in Northeast China: A Regression Discontinuity Design

To protect forest land from loss and mitigate the global climate crisis, China has proposed a stringent natural forest protection plan, known as China’s natural forest logging ban (NFLB). This policy aims to halt the over-exploitation of natural forests, restore forest ecosystem functions, and promote regional green economic development. This study uses a regression discontinuity design (RDD) model to quantitatively and comprehensively assess the effectiveness of this policy in the key state-owned forest regions in Northeast China. Additionally, it analyzes the heterogeneity and structural characteristics of the policy’s effects on the internal composition of ecological and economic systems. The empirical results are as follows: (1) Ecological and economic impacts: The policy has successfully achieved its ecological objectives by significantly enhancing the quality and value of ecosystem services. However, it has also had a notable adverse impact on economic development, particularly in the timber supply sector, reducing the conversion efficiency of ecosystem service values into economic benefits. (2) Structural analysis: The logging ban effectively promoted the value of various ecosystem services, particularly enhancing regulatory and support functions, with a LATE estimate of approximately 8.47 units. The implementation of the policy caused a negative growth in the output value of supply-oriented ecological products, and the significance level was lower than 0.1. Conversely, the LATE estimates for different types of GDP indicate a negative growth in supply-type GDP due to the policy, with p < 0.1. (3) Heterogeneity: On the one hand, a simplistic and singular approach to logging prohibition may constrain the efficiency of enhancing ecosystem service values. On the other hand, although the policy disrupted the majority of traditional forest enterprise operations, business models focusing on quality and technology improvements were able to mitigate this impact.

Assessment of the Level of Digitalization of Polish Enterprises in the Context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution

Due to the dynamic development of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the operation of enterprises, and the increasing demands of customers, more and more companies have taken and continue to take action to increase the level of digitalization. The implementation of innovative solutions contributes to the sustainability development of enterprises in various areas (economic, environmental, and social), streamlining processes and increasing effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of work. Such activities also contribute to the effective use of new opportunities by companies and strengthen their competitiveness and market position. The use of digital technologies increases the capacity of companies to innovate and grow, which brings significant benefits in terms of efficiency and competitiveness. The authors attempted to analyze and assess the level of digital transformation in enterprises in Poland. This study aimed to review the current state of digitization of companies, which made it possible to diagnose the level of digital maturity of Polish enterprises and to identify areas that will determine the activities of companies to quickly increase their competitiveness or improve internal processes. Qualitative and comparable methods were used in the analysis. The results show that the degree of digitization of Polish enterprises is increasing, and, in particular, was influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. Nearly half of the companies analyzed declared that they are increasing their budget for digitalization. The presented study has cognitive value regarding the assessment of the level of digitization of Polish enterprises. Both managers and decision-makers can benefit from the results of the study because decision-making regarding the development of SMEs is crucial to the effectiveness of the industrial strategy.

Economic upgrading of Central and Eastern European economies through global value chain participation and foreign direct investment

ABSTRACT This paper links global value chain (GVC) integration and operations of multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the context of host economies upgrading. Economic upgrading is referred to as higher exported value added that has been generated in the domestic economy as a result of foreign direct investment (FDI). Particular attention is paid to the impact of GVC on selected Central and Eastern European (CEE) economies. An econometric model is estimated using panel data of 44 sectors for four CEE economies over the period 1995–2018. A primary source of data is the latest edition of the TiVA (Trade in Value Added). The most important variable in explaining domestic contribution to GVC was the flow of foreign inputs. Backward linkages are crucial for building the GVC presence of the economies. The variables of interest – FDI stocks and flows – have in general a negative impact on the level of domestic content in analysed economies.

Оптимизация расчетов по экспортным операциям в национальной валюте в современных геополитических условиях

The financial security of enterprises in modern geopolitical conditions is negatively affected by political and financial sanctions imposed on the Russian Federation. In modern conditions of a rather aggressive exchange rate policy of the Bank of Russia, which ensures the containment of the national currency exchange rate and has a direct impact on the receipt of negative exchange rate differences in the process of export operations of domestic enterprises, it is necessary to improve settlement measures when conducting foreign economic activity. The purpose of this study was to develop operations to optimize settlements for export transactions in national currency. The subject of the study is the economic relations that arise in the process of settlements for expert transactions when carrying out foreign economic activity in modern geopolitical conditions. As a result of the study, scenarios for reducing the role of the dollar in international payments and reserves are reflected, and changes in the field of exchange control are studied. An assessment of the financial results of the enterprise for individual contracts was made due to the reflection of negative differences caused by fluctuations in the exchange rate of international currencies and the strengthening of the ruble. The effect of paying for exports in rubles is analyzed using the example of large existing enterprise contracts. A payment scheme for the enterprise’s exported products was developed and proposed by switching to payments in national currency. It was proved that the transition of settlements with foreign buyers in rubles reduces the risk of fluctuations in the exchange rate of international currencies and contributes to the strengthening of the ruble exchange rate while increasing the economic benefits of the enterprise. The results of the study can be applied to the practical activities of not only an individual enterprise but also to the activities of other enterprises exporting products.

Credit default risk, internal control and stock returns

This paper selects the data of China's A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2022 as a research sample to explore the relationship between the credit default risk of listed companies and stock return. It is found that the credit default risk of listed companies hurts stock return; enterprises with high quality of internal control motivate enterprises to carry out effective risk management and reduce the impact of credit default risk on enterprise operation compared with state-owned enterprises, the negative effect of credit risk on stock return is more significant in non-state-owned enterprises.

The Role of Logistics Management in Achieving Broad Effectiveness in Implementing Storage and Distribution Operations in the Companies of the Egyptian Pharmaceutical Sector

This article explores the vital function of logistics control in improving the performance of storage and distribution operations inside the Egyptian pharmaceutical quarter. As modern enterprise operations increasingly depend on powerful logistics, this observation highlights the importance of integrating garage and distribution approaches to streamline operations and decrease fees. The evaluation delves into the impact of technological improvements, along with automation and information analytics, on improving logistics overall performance. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are mentioned as essential gear for measuring overall performance and ensuring responsibility in logistics operations. Furthermore, the item addresses the developing significance of sustainability in logistics, emphasizing practices that decrease environmental impact even as maximizing operational efficiency. Finally, the object identifies destiny developments and demanding situations in logistics management, presenting insights into how businesses can adapt to evolving market demands. By emphasizing the imperative role of logistics control, this observe goals to equip stakeholders in the Egyptian pharmaceutical sector with the knowledge and strategies essential to reap significant effectiveness of their operations. Keywords : Logistic Management, Implementing Storage, Distribution Operations, Pharmaceutical Sector.